HL Deb 18 December 1991 vol 533 cc55-71WA
Lord Robertson of Oakridge

asked Her Majesty's Government:

Whether they will list those criminal offences, stating where appropriate the relevant legislation,

Act Offence
Agricultural Land (Removal of Surface Soil) Act 1953
"Save by or with the consent of the Attorney General or the DPP" s3. s1 Removal of more than five cubic yards of soil from agricultural land without permission.
Agricultural (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1954
No proceedings "by any person other than the local authority unless taken by or with the consent of the DPP" s9(7). s9(5) Wilfully depositing anything unsuitable for animal feeding stuffs in any receptacle provided by a local authority for the purpose.
s9(6) Offences against byelaws regulating the collection of waste for animal feeding stuffs.
Air Force Act 1955 s132(1)
NOTE. s204A "With the exception of subsections (1) and (3) of s132 of this Act, no enactment requiring the fiat or consent of the Attorney General or the DPP in connection with any proceedings shall have effect in relation to proceedings under this Act". Offences against the Act—subject to NOTE.
Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s26(1). (a) An offence under this Act.
(b) An offence under s1 of the Protection of Animals Act 1911 which is alleged to have been committed in respect of an animal at a designated establishment.
Army Act 1955 s132(1)
NOTE. s204A "With the exception of subsections (1) and (3) of s132 of this Act, no enactment requiring the fiat or consent of the Attorney General or the DPP in connection with any proceedings shall have effect in relation to proceedings under this Act". Offences against the Act—subject to NOTE.
Atomic Energy Act 1946
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s14(4). s11 Disclosure of information relating to atomic plant.
Bail Act 1976
"No proceedings for an offence under s9(1) shall be instituted except by or with the consent of the DPP" s9(5). s9(1) Agreeing to indemnify sureties in criminal proceedings.
Banking Act 1987
"No proceedings for an offence under this Act shall be instituted … in England and Wales, except by or with the consent of the DPP or the Bank" (of England) s96(5)(a). Offences against the Act.
Borrowing (Control and Guarantees) Act 1946
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" para 3(1) of the schedule. Offences against the Act (which provides for the regulation of the borrowing and raising of money, etc.).

for which proceedings can be instituted only by or with the consent of the Director of Public Prosecutions.

The Lord Chancellor

There are 93 current Public General Acts, five Statutory Instruments and seven Local and Private Acts each of which contains one or more offences requiring the consent of the Director of Public Prosecutions, either exclusively or together with other public office holders or official bodies. The full list of offences, including references to the relevant legislation is as follows (the information about Local and Private Acts is as accurate as possible without incurring disproportionate costs):—

Act Offence
Broadcasting Act 1990
No proceedings "Except by or with the consent of the DPP" ss13(4), 82(3), 97(4). s13 Providing television services without a licence.
s82 Providing local delivery service without a licence.
s97 Providing certain radio services without a licence.
Cable and Broadcasting Act 1984
s3(3) "Except by or with the consent of the DPP" ss3(3), 25(5). s3 Providing unlicensed cable programme services.
s25 Publication of obscene articles in cable programmes.
Channel Tunnel Act 1987
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s17(10). Offences against s17.
Child Abduction Act 1984
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s4. Offences against s1 of the Act.
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP no prosecution shall be instituted for an offence of kidnapping if it was committed against a child and by a person connected with the child within the meaning of s1" s5. Kidnapping of Children.
Cereals Marketing Act 1965
"Except by the Home-Grown Cereals Authority or by or with the consent of the DPP" s22(1). Offences against s17 of the Act; failure to comply with requirement under s16 scheme to impose levy on growers of home-grown cereals.
Civil Aviation Act 1982
"Except by or with the consent of the Minister or by or with the consent of the DPP" ss44(11), 45(7), 50(6), 83(3) and 92(2(a). s44 Wilfully interfering with works carried out or with anything installed in pursuance of an order under this section or wilfully obstructing any person in the exercise of any power of entry conferred by such an order.
s45 Contravening an order prohibiting or restricting the use of a civil aerodrome.
s50 Obstructing a person authorised by the Minister to enter upon land for the purpose of survey.
s83 Failure to comply with registration of births and deaths on UK registered aircraft.
s92 Extra-territorial jurisdiction over offences committed on board British controlled aircraft in flight elsewhere than in or over UK.
Coal Industry Nationalisation Act 1946
"Except by or with the consent of the Minister or by the DPP" s59(1). Offences against the Act or Regulations made under the Act.
Companies Act 1967
"Except by or with the consent of the Board of Trade, the Industrial Assurance Commissioner or the DPP" s91. Offences against Part II of the Act.
Companies Act 1985
ss732(1) and 732(2)(a) Secretary of State or DPP consent required for offences under ss210, 324 and 329. s210(3) a person who—
(a) Fails to notify known interests in voting shares in public companies or
(b) In fulfilling obligation to notify such interests makes to company a statement which he knows to be false or recklessly makes to a company a statement which is false; or
(c) Fails to give any person any notice required by s206 (obligation of persons acting together to keep each other informed of relevant facts); or
(d) Fails without reasonable excuse to secure that an agent acting on his behalf notifies him immediately of acquisitions or disposals of interest in shares as required by s210(1) shall be guilty of an offence …

Act Offence
s324(7) Failure by a Director to fulfil obligations under s324(1) and (2) (written notice of interests in or disposals of shares or debentures/making false or reckless statements in purported discharge of obligations).
s329(3) Failure of company (or officers) to notify a recognised stock exchange of acquisition of shares in the company by a Director.
By s731(2) notwithstanding anything in s127(1) Magistrates' Courts Act 1980, an Information relating to an offence under the Companies Acts which is triable by a magistrates' court in England and Wales may be so tried if it is laid at any time within 3 months after the commission of the offence and within 12 months after the date on which evidence sufficient in the opinion of the DPP or the Secretary of State (as the case may be) to justify the proceedings comes to his knowledge.
Companies Act 1989
"Except by or with the consent of the Secretary of State or the DPP" s89(a). Offences against ss85 and 86 of the Act.
Company Securities (Insider Dealing) Act 1985
"Except by the Secretary of State or with the consent of the DPP" s8. s1 Prohibition on stock exchange deals by insiders, etc.
s2 Abuse of information obtained in an official capacity.
s4 Off market deals in advertised securities.
s5 Restriction on promoting off market deals abroad.
Criminal Attempts Act 1981
s2. Attempts to commit offences requiring consent of DPP.
Criminal Justice Act 1988
s160(4). s160(1) Possession of indecent photograph of child.
ss1(3) of the Protection of Children Act 1978 has effect as if any reference in that section to that Act included a reference to this section.
"Proceedings for an offence under this Act shall not be instituted except by or with the consent of the DPP".
Criminal Justice (International Co-operation) Act 1990
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s21(2). The consent provisions apply to all proceedings under Part II of and Schedule 3 to the Act.
(When in force). See also s21(3) with regard to proceedings under s19.
Criminal Law Act 1967
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" ss4(4) and 5(3). s4(4) Offences under s4(1) of doing any act with intent to impede the arrest or prosecution of any person knowing or believing that person to have committed an arrestable offence.
s5(3) Offences under s5(1) of not disclosing information as to an arrestable offence, and accepting or agreeing to accept a consideration for not disclosing information; and under s5(2) of giving false information and thereby causing wasteful employment of the police.
Criminal Law Act 1977
"Except by or with consent of the DPP" ss4(1) and 4(3). s4(1) Proceedings under s1 for conspiracy to commit any offence or offences if the offence or each of the offences is a summary offence.
s4(3) Proceedings under s1 for conspiracy to commit any offence which is not a summary offence and which requires the consent of the DPP.
Data Protection Act 1984
"Except by the Registrar or by or with the consent of the DPP" s19(1)(a). Offences against the Act.

Act Offence
Deep Sea Mining (Temporary Provisions) Act 1981
"By or with consent of the DPP or by the Secretary of State or person authorised by him" s14(2)(a). s1 Unlicensed deep sea mining.
s4 Interference with licensed operations.
s13 Disclosure of information (s13).
Electricity Act 1989
"Except by or on behalf of the Secretary of State or the DPP" ss29(4) and 59(3). Offences and regulations made under Part I of the Act.
s59(1) Making false statements, etc.
Emergency Laws (Re-enactments and Repeals) Act 1964
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP or the Department of Trade or the Minister of Transport or the Treasury" s14(1). Offences against orders or directions under s1 and s2.
Energy Act 1976
"Proceedings for an offence of contravening or failing to comply with a direction of the Secretary of State given under ss6 or 7 shall be instituted only by, or with the consent of, the Secretary of State or the DPP". Schedule 2, para 6(1). s6 Directions to any person or persons concerned with bulk stocks of petroleum, etc.
s7 Directions to authorities and persons concerned with fuel stocks at power stations.
"Proceedings for an offence of contravening or failing to comply with price controls shall be instituted only:—
(a) by or on behalf of a local Weight and Measures Authority designated under Para 5 (of Schedule 2) or
(b) by, or with the consent of, the Secretary of State or the DPP". Schedule 2, Para 6(2).
Environmental Protection Act 1990
"Except by the Secretary of State or with the consent of the DPP" s118. Offences under s118 of the Act.
(when in force).
Explosives Act 1875
Under s38 of the Health and Safety at Work, etc. Act 1974, proceedings for an offence under relevant statutory provisions shall not be instituted except by an inspector or by or with the consent of the DPP. The Explosives Act 1875, by virtue of s53 and Schedule 1 to the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 is a relevant statutory provision. Offences against the Act.
Fair Trading Act 1973
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s62(4). Unlawful transfer of a newspaper or newspaper assets ss58 and 62.
Finance Act 1965
"No proceedings for an offence under this section shall be instituted in England and Wales except by or with the consent of the Minister of Transport or the DPP" s92(6). Offences against s92 (grants towards duty charged on bus fuel)
Finance Act 1989
"Except— Offences against s182.
(a) by the Commissioners or the Board, as the case requires
or
(b) by or with the consent of the DPP" s182(9).
Financial Services Act 1986
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s201. Offences against ss3 and 4 of the Act.
Firearms Act 1968
Summary proceedings for certain offences under the Act may be instituted within 4 years of the offence provided that the DPP consents to proceedings instituted more than 6 months after the offence s51(4).
Fraudulent Mediums Act 1951
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s1(4). s1 With intent to deceive purporting to act for reward as a spiritualist medium … or in purporting so to act … using any fraudulent device …

Act Offence
Gas Act 1965
Applies consent provisions of the principal Act (s43(2) Gas Act 1986). s21(2) Offences against Part II of the Act.
Gas Act 1986
"Except by or with the consent of the Secretary of State or by the DPP" s43(2). s43(1) Making false statements in a material particular in giving any information, making any claim or notice under the Act or regulations thereunder, or offences under any regulations made under the Act.
Geneva Conventions Act 1957
"Except by or on behalf of the DPP" ss1(3) and 6(7). s1 Grave breaches of conventions set out in the Schedules to the Act.
s6 Unauthorised use of Red Cross Emblem.
Greater London Council (General Powers) Act 1984
Written consent of the DPP required for laying of an information, other than the laying of such an information by the borough council or a constable s32. Unregistered premises and stalls s26(3).
NOTE. Although the GLC was abolished as from 1 April 1986 by the Local Government Act 1985, this Act remains in force.
Health and Safety at Work Etc Act 1974
Proceedings for an offence under relevant statutory provisions shall not be instituted except by an inspector or by or with the consent of the DPP s38 (For example the Explosives Act 1875). (By s53 the "relevant statutory provisions" means:—

(a) The Provisions of part I of the Act and of any Health and Safety Regulations and Agricultural Health and Safety Regulations; and

(b) The existing statutory provisions).
Housing Associations Act 1985
"Only by or with the consent of the Corporation or the DPP" ss27(4) and 30(6). Offences against ss27(2) and 30(1)(c).
Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s42. The consent provision applies to all offences under the Act. As at 1 December 1991 all the provisions of the Act were in force except s30, and s48 so far as it relates to s30.
Human Organs Transplant Act 1989
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s5 Offences under ss1 and 2.
Incitement to Disaffection Act 1934
No prosecution without the consent of the DPP s3(2) s1 Selection of members of HM Forces from duty of allegiance to Her Majesty.
s2 having possession of documents the dissemination of which would constitute such an offence.
Insolvency Act 1986
"Except by the Secretary of State or by or with the consent of DPP" s350(5). Offences in chapter VI or under the rules.
Insurance Companies Act 1982
Proceedings in respect of an offence under this Act will not be instituted except by or with the consent of the Secretary of State, the Industrial Assurance Commissioner or the DPP s93. Offences under the Act.
In summary proceedings an information may be tried if it is laid at any time within 3 years after the date on which evidence sufficient, in the opinion of the DPP, Secretary of State or the Industrial Assurance Commissioner, to justify the proceedings comes to his knowledge s94(2).
Interception of Communications Act 1985
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s1(4)(a). Unauthorised interception of postal or telephonic communications.
Land Commission Act 1967
"Except with the consent of the DPP" s82(2)(a). Offences under s81(2) and (4) failing to comply with certain notices regarding levy.
Local Government Act 1972

Act Offence
"Except by or on behalf of the DPP" s94(3). s94(1) Member of local authority failing to disclose pecuniary interest and taking part in discussions or voting on a matter in which he had such an interest.
Local Government and Housing Act 1989
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s19(3). s19(2)(a) and (b) Member of local authority failing without reasonable excuse to comply with regulations made under s19 or providing false or misleading information in compliance. (As at 1 December 1991 no regulations had been made under s19).
Lotteries and Amusements Act 1976
"Proceedings under s2(1)(c)(iii) in respect of any matter published in a newspaper shall not be instituted except by, or by direction of, the DPP" s2(3). s2(1)(c)(iii) In respect of any matter published in a newspaper (to induce persons to participate in a lottery).
Marine and Broadcasting (Offences) Act 1967
"Except by or on behalf of the DPP" s6(5). Offences against the Act
Mental Health Act 1959
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s128(4). s128 Sexual intercourse with patients.
Mental Health Act 1983
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s127(4). Ill treatment or wilful neglect of patients.
"No criminal proceedings except by or with the consent of the DPP" s139(2). Protection from acts done in pursuance of the Act.
Merchant Shipping Act 1970 s27 (as substituted by Merchant Shipping Act 1988 s32)
"Except by or with the consent of the Secretary of State or the DPP" s27(7). s27 Conduct endangering ships, structures or individuals.
Merchant Shipping Act 1988
"No proceedings for an offence … except by or with the consent of the Secretary of State or the DPP" s30(8). s30 Dangerously unsafe ship. s31 Owner liable for unsafe operation of ship.
Merchant Shipping (Liner Conferences) Act 1982
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s10(3). Offences under s10(2).
Mines and Quarries (Tips) Act 1969
"Except by local authority or by or with the consent of the DPP" s27. Offences against Part 2 of the Act.
National Health Service Act 1977
"Prosecution shall only be instituted by or with the consent of the DPP" shedule 10, para 1(7). Para 1(1) of Schedule 10 selling or buying goodwill of medical practice.
Naval Discipline Act 1957
NOTE. S129A "With the exception of s52(3)(b) of this Act, no enactment requiring the fiat or consent of the Attorney General or the DPP in connection with any proceedings shall have effect in relation to proceedings under this Act". Offences against the Act—subject to NOTE.
Nuclear Installations Act 1965
"Except by the Minister or by or with the consent of the DPP" s25(3). Offences against the Act.
Obscene Publications Act 1959
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s2(3A) and Schedule 15 Para 4 Broadcasting Act 1990. Proceedings under s2 Obscene Publications Act 1959 where the article is a moving picture film of not less than 16mm and the relevant publication is in the course of a cinematograph exhibition or a programme in a programme service.
s3(3A) and Schedule 15 para 4 Broadcasting Act 1990 no order for the forfeiture of such an article unless the warrant to seize the article was issued on an information laid by or on behalf of the DPP.
Official Secrets Act 1989
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s9(2). Offences against s4(2) of the Act.
Oil and Gas (Enterprise) Act 1982
The consent of the DPP is required as prescribed by s27(3). s27(1) Provides for certain extra territorial jurisdiction.
Petroleum Act 1987

Act Offence
"Except:— Offences against ss 2,5,9 and 10 and under regulations made under s11.
(a) by the Secretary of State or a person authorised in that behalf by the Secretary of State,
or (b) by or with the consent of the DPP s13(1).
Petroleum and Submarine Pipe-Lines Act 1975
No proceedings shall be instituted in England and Wales—for a relevant offence alleged to have been committed in, under or over controlled waters except by or with the consent of the DPP—or by the Secretary of State or a person authorised by him in that behalf s29(2)(a). By s29(1) relevant offence means an offence under s28(1) or created by the Regulations made under Part III of the Act.
No proceeedings shall be instituted in England and Wales for an offence under s38 of the Act except by or with the consent of the DPP or by the Secretary of State or a person authorised by him in that behalf s38(4).
Prevention of Oil Pollution Act 1971
"Proceedings for an offence under s3 may in England and Wales be brought only by or with the consent of the DPP" s19(7). s3 Discharge of oil from pipelines into the sea.
Protection of Animals Act 1911
[See entry for Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986].
Protection of Depositors Act 1963
Retained by Companies Consolidation (Consecutive Provisions) Act 1985 s20 "Except by or with the consent of the DPP or the Board of Trade" s23(1). Offences against the Act.
Protection of Military Remains Act 1986
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s3(3). Offences under s2.
Public Order Act 1986
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s7(1). Offence of riot or incitement to riot.
Public Passenger Vehicles Act 1981
"Except by or on behalf of the DPP or by a person authorised in that behalf by the traffic commissioners, a Chief Officer of Police or the council of a county or district" s69(1). Offences against Parts II and III of the Act.
Radioactive Substances Act 1960
No proceedings "Except by the Minister or by or with the consent of the DPP" s13(7). ss1, 3, 6, 7 and 13: (Offences in connection with radioactive substances).
Rehabilitation of Offenders Act 1974
"Except by or on behalf of the DPP" s9(8). s9(2) Unauthorised disclosure of spent convictions.
Reservoirs Act 1975
"In England and Wales proceeding for an offence under this section may be instituted by any local authority … in whose area the reservoir … is situated, but otherwise shall not be instituted except by the Secretary of State or by or with the consent of the DPP" s22(6). Proceedings for offences under s22 of the Act.
Restrictive Trade Practices Act 1976
"No proceedings for an offence under the preceding provisions of this Act shall be instituted except by or with the consent of the DPP of the Director General of Fair Trading" s39(1). Offences under s38.
Sexual Offences Act 1956
"A prosecution may not be commenced except by or with the consent of the DPP" paras 14 and 15 of Part II of the second schedule—as amended by the Criminal Law Act 1977 schedule 12. Incest and attempted incest.
Sexual Offences Act 1967
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s8. Offences of buggery and gross indecency, and aiding and abetting such offences, where one of the men was under the age of twenty-one at the time of the offence.

Act Offence
Solicitors Act 1974
Proceedings under s44 (1) may be commenced at any time before the expiration of 6 months from the first discovery of the offence by the prosecutor, but no such proceedings shall be commenced except with the consent of the DPP, by any person other than the Law Society s44(4). s44(1) Any person who, while there is in force in respect of him an order under s43(2), seeks or first accepts any employment by or remuneration from a solicitor in connection with the solicitor's practice without previously informing him of that order shall be guilty of an offence.
Suicide Act 1961
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s2(4). s2(1) Criminal liability for complicity in another suicide.
Surrogacy Arrangements Act 1985
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s4(2). Offences against the Act.
Theft Act 1968
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s30(4). s30(4) proceedings shall not be instituted against a person for any offence of stealing or doing unlawful damage to property which, at the time of the offence, belongs to that person's wife or husband, or for any attempt, incitement or conspiracy to commit such an offence except where:
1. "that person is charged with committing the offence jointly with the wife or husband"; or
2. "by virtue of any judicial decree or order (wherever made) that person and the wife or husband are at the time of the offence under no obligation to cohabit".
Tokyo Convention Act 1967
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s1(2). Offences committed on aircraft outside the UK.
Trading with the Enemy Act 1939
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s1(4). s1 Trading with the enemy.
Transport Act 1985
"Except by or on behalf of the DPP" s74(8). Offences against s74(7).
"Except by the authority, or any one of the authorities responsible for the administration of the scheme in question or by or with the consent of the DPP (and any such authority who would not apart from this subsection have power to bring such proceedings) shall accordingly have that power" s101(4). Offences against s101.
Unsolicited Goods and Services Act 1971
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP" s4(3). s4(1) Sending or causing to be sent any book, magazine, leaflet (or advertising matter for any such publication) which is known or ought reasonably to be known to be unsolicited and which describes or illustrates human sexual techniques.
Water Act 1989
"Except by or with the consent of the Secretary of State, the Minister or the DPP" s175(2). Offences against s175(1).
Water Resources Act 1991
"Except— Offences under Chapter II of Part II of this Act.
(a) by the [National Rivers Authority]; or
(b) by, or with the consent of, the DPP" s216(2).
Weights and Measures Act 1985
"Except by or on behalf of the DPP or the National Metrological Co-ordinating Unit" s83(2). Failure to comply with a notice served in pursuance of s57.
Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981
"Proceedings for an offence under subsection 7 shall not, without the consent of the DPP be taken by a person other than the Nature Conservancy Council" s28(10). s28(7) Without reasonable excuse contravenes subsection 5 (carrying out certain operations on land without notice to the Nature Conservancy Council and without consent or agreement).
"Proceedings for an offence under byelaws made under this section shall not, without the consent of the DPP, be taken by a person other than the Nature Conservancy Council" s37(9). s37 Byelaws for the protection of Marine Nature Reserves.

Statutory Instruments Offence
Cosmetic Products (Safety) Regulations 1989
SI No. 2233 Offences against s12 of the Consumer Protection Act 1987.
"Except by or with the consent of the Secretary of State or the DPP".
Detergents (Composition) Regulations 1978
SI No. 564 Reg. 10(3) Breach of Reg. 3 (sale or use of contravening detergent).
"Except by the Secretary of State, or with his consent, or by the DPP".
Measuring Instruments (EEC Requirements) (Gas Volume Meters) Regulations 1988
SI No. 277 Reg. 5(3).
"Except by or with the consent of the Secretary of State or by the DPP". Breach of Reg. 17 (unauthorised application of EEC signs and marks, etc.).
South Africa (United Nations Arms Embargo) (Prohibited Transactions) Order 1978
SI No. 277 Reg. 5(3).
"Except by or with the consent of the DPP". Breach of Reg. 3 (licensing agreements).
Water Supply (Water Quality) Regulations 1989
SI No. 1147 Reg. 28(4).
"Except by or with consent of the Secretary of State or the DPP". Breach of Reg. 28(3) (false or reckless statements).

Local Acts imposing a requirement for the Director of Public Prosecutions' consent
Act Offence
Cornwall County Council Act 1984
DPP consent required for laying of Information by any person other than a party aggrieved, a local authority, a parish council or a constable s44. Offences created by or under the Act.
County of Lancashire Act 1984
DPP consent required for laying of Information by any person other than a party aggrieved, a local authority or a constable s134. Offences created by or under the Act.
Derbyshire Act 1981
As Lancashire s59. Offences created by or under the Act.
Dyfed Act 1987
As Lancashire s72. Offences created by or under the Act.
Exeter City Council Act 1987
DPP consent required for laying of Information by any person other than a party aggrieved, the council or a constable s37. Offences created by or under the Act.
Isle of Wight Act 1980
By or with the consent of the DPP s26(5). Offences under s26.
NOTE. s60 also contains a requirement for the consent of the Attorney General for the laying of an Information for any offence under this Act by any person other than a party aggrieved, a local authority or a constable.
Staffordshire Act 1983
As Lancashire s68. Offences created by or under the Act.