<p>The Department’s Generation Costs Report 2023 is regularly updated based on externally reviewed evidence; these external reports are also published containing detailed description of underlying assumptions.</p><p> </p><p>The 61% net load factor assumed for offshore wind plants commissioning in 2025 is derived from DESNZ modelling of wind turbine load factors. This calculation combines a theoretical turbine power curve (power output as a function of wind speed, modelled using turbine technology parameters including rotor swept area and hub height) with historic site-specific Virtual Met Mast (VMM) hourly wind speed data sourced from the UK Met Office.</p>