The Department has commissioned and published a series of evidence reviews on vaping, with the final report of the series published in September 2022. The latest report assessed the potential effects of the inhalation of vaping liquids including their health impact along with poisonings, fire and explosion risks. This research found that in the short and medium term, vaping poses a small fraction of the risks of smoking, but that vaping is not risk-free, particularly for people who have never smoked. The latest evidence review is available at the following link: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nicotine-vaping-in-england-2022-evidence-update There are no current plans for the Government to undertake longitudinal research, but we will continue to monitor independent research.