§ The Lord President of the Council (Baroness Amos)My right honourable friend the Secretary of State for International Development has made the following Statement.
On 16 September 2004, I provided the House with a Written Statement of the United Kingdom's response to the impact of Hurricane Ivan on the Caribbean. I would like to update the House on subsequent developments, including the impact of Hurricane Jeanne. May I once more express all our sincere condolences to the families of those who have lost their lives, and to all those who have suffered injury and continue to suffer in the aftermath of these devastating hurricanes.
The British Government's immediate response to the relief needs of those affected by the two hurricanes 10WS has been some £3.4 million of assistance. In addition the Royal Navy frigate HMS "Richmond" and its auxiliary vessel RFA "Wave Ruler" have also provided support.
On Grenada, Hurricane Ivan caused 37 deaths and affected most of the 102,000 population to some extent. Of the six parishes, St Andrew, St David, St Georges and St John were the worst affected. Approximately 30 per cent of houses were destroyed and a further 60 per cent damaged. According to the Red Cross some 50 per cent of the population is currently homeless. Government buildings, the main prison, hospitals, schools and churches have all been affected. The official residences of both the Governor General and the Prime Minister were destroyed. Utility services were severely disrupted and the agricultural sector has been decimated. The continuing needs include emergency shelter, food, health, seeds and tools.
Following our initial and immediate support to the relief effort, reported in the earlier Statements to the House, we have contributed £500,000 to the regional appeal of the International Federation of the Red Cross, of which £300,000 is for Grenada. The appeal will support 10,000 families on Grenada for the next six months with emergency food, shelter, water and sanitation and various non-food items. Following a request from the Prime Minister of Grenada, the United Kingdom's regional prisons adviser visited the island from 1 to 6 October to make an assessment of damage to the prison and to draw up recommendations. We have provided £30,000 for urgent repair work to the prison. Remedial repair work has already begun. We also reinforced our office in Grenada, sending four officials from Bridgetown and two from London, who among other tasks provided assistance to British citizens who wanted to leave Grenada to do so. The United Nations has launched a Flash Appeal for Grenada to respond over the next six months to urgent humanitarian need and to help to establish the foundation for the rehabilitation of social services and economic recovery. The appeal is for £14.9 million. We are consulting with United Nations agencies how we might best support their appeal. In addition, we are providing £200,000 to Christian Aid and £200,000 to Oxfam to support their relief programmes.
The European Community has announced it is mobilising £4.65 million in emergency relief and post-emergency rehabilitation to help Grenada focusing on the provision of emergency shelter, food, water and other key supplies for 5,000 homeless families. It includes funds to be mobilized under the 9th European Development Fund, which are expected to be used primarily for school rehabilitation. The United Kingdom's share of this European Community assistance is about £700,000.
The Department for International Development has been re-examining how its ongoing programmes in Grenada might be modified. We have already extended the contract of our public sector modernisation consultant to work with the Prime Minister's office and assist with the design of a new government structure 11WS (including an agency for reconstruction and development) and an implementation plan; started a technical assessment of the key constraints and immediate priorities for the private sector; and redirected funds under our microfinance programme.
The Department for International Development will also seek to ensure that there is a co-ordinated and effective response to the present crisis. We called and chaired a donor co-ordination meeting on support to the education sector in Grenada to start discussions about how donors should align their support in this sector that has been identified as a key priority by Prime Minister Mitchell.
Last week's donor meeting on Grenada convened by the World Bank in Washington provided a useful opportunity for Prime Minister Mitchell and his Minister of Finance to outline the traumatic social and physical cost that Hurricane Ivan had inflicted upon his country. It was also an opportunity for key agencies, such as the United Nations, to highlight how the region and the donor community had responded thus far to the immediate humanitarian challenge. The Economic Council for Latin America and the Caribbean presented a report where it estimated that the total public and private cost of rehabilitation will be around £485 million.
The International Monetary Fund presented a paper where it had calculated that there was a budget financing gap of around 21 million that needed to be filled between now and the end of this year. A follow-up donor meeting is planned for six weeks time in Grenada.
The Foreign Secretary sent a personal envoy, Baroness Howells, to Grenada to express the condolences and sympathy of the British Government and people to the Grenadian Government and population and to assess the situation. She visited the island on 23 and 24 September. The British High Commissioner from Barbados and Department for International Development officials accompanied her. The Foreign Secretary and I are meeting her shortly to discuss her findings and assess the UK's response.
On Jamaica, 17 people were killed by hurricane Ivan. Although the Government of Jamaica were well prepared, there was still extensive damage over a wide geographical area and they appealed for international assistance. Rapid joint assessments were conducted from 14 to 16 September by a United Nations disaster assessment and co-ordination team, supported by United Nations agencies, the International Federation of the Red Cross Field Assessment and Co-ordination Team, the Jamaican Red Cross, non-governmental organisations and representatives from the Office of Disaster Preparedness and Emergency.
The worst affected parish was Clarendon. Other parishes severely affected included St Catherine, Manchester, St Elizabeth, Westmorland, Portland and St Thomas, as well as Kingston itself. Some limited damage was reported in St Ann, St James and Trelawny. Most of the damage resulted directly from the strong 12WS winds. In Westmorland there was also significant flooding and in Portland and St James landslides constrained immediate access. Around 25,000 people were affected significantly, with a higher number affected by loss of electrical power and interrupted water supply. Up to 13,000 were accommodated in shelters. More than 3,000 families received immediate relief assistance. The Jamaican defence forces participated in early relief efforts by airlifting food to isolated communities. The Pan American Health Organisation has been working closely with the Ministry of Health assisting with the supply of potable water to hospitals.
£150,000 of our contribution to the appeal of the International Federation of the Red Cross will benefit Jamaica. The appeal aims to provide support to 3,000 affected families. We have also provided £157,000 to Save the Children for the provision of non-food relief and repairs to households and schools, £200,000 to Oxfam for its relief and rehabilitation programme and £115,000 to the Pan American Health Organisation for its support to health services. The European Commission has pledged £830,000 to Jamaica through its Humanitarian Aid Office, focusing on reducing the number of persons in temporary shelters and providing alternative accommodation for those currently housed in schools. The United Kingdom's share of this support is about £153,000.
Hurricane Ivan caused widespread devastation across the island of Grand Cayman resulting in a breakdown of communications, power and water, as well as severe damage to individual properties and commercial buildings. Approximately 3,000 residents took refuge in eight government shelters. There was one confirmed death and one person missing at sea presumed dead. The islands of Cayman Brac and Little Cayman were affected by tropical storm force winds and rain but essential services were soon operational on these two islands.
The Royal Navy frigate HMS "Richmond" and its auxiliary vessel followed in the wake of the hurricane. It stood off Grand Cayman until it was safe for the crew to go ashore. They helped with a number of civilian cleanup tasks.
The relief effort on Grand Cayman was managed through the Office of the National Hurricane Committee, supported by the British Red Cross Society, Cayman Branch. The assessments report damage to 75 per cent of houses and between 20 to 25 per cent destroyed, the worst damage to low-cost housing areas. Five shelters remain open accommodating and feeding around 900. Schools, hospitals and government buildings suffered damage to varying degrees.
The Department for International Development sent a two-person assessment team to Grand Cayman on 13 September. They reported that the airport and hospital were functioning, and food and water had been distributed to the 3,000 residents living in shelters. The Government authorities had also established systems to deliver food and water to people who were residing in their homes or with host families. In consultation with the Governor and the National Hurricane Committee, the Department for International Development team 13WS returned to Jamaica on 15 September, from where they maintained close contact with the National Hurricane Committee.
There was no immediate shortage of fuel on Grand Cayman, but there was a temporary problem with access to power to operate the three main gas stations of the island. However, distribution of fuel proved the main problem in the immediate aftermath. Power was gradually restored by the Caribbean Utilities Company who brought in additional teams. Fuel vouchers were distributed to staff working in essential services. The main desalination plant on Grand Cayman was working by 17 September and water supplied to George Town. A second smaller desalination plant was also quickly reoperational. Stocks of bottled water on Grand Cayman were gradually being depleted and although the water distribution network was being repaired it was necessary to bring in additional supplies. As a contingency measure we responded to a request to provide an urgent airlift of water.
Although there were early reports of sporadic looting, this was opportunistic rather than organised, and limited, and was soon under control. Police reinforcements were brought in from other Overseas Territories in the region supported by the British Government. The Foreign and Commonwealth Office overseas territories law enforcement adviser also arrived on the island to provide expert advice.
In response to the hurricane, the Department for International Development airlifted 5,000 plastic sheets, 40 metric tonnes of bottled water and a further consignment of chainsaws, adult and baby cots, water purification tablets and public health and sanitation items, including industrial and household waste disposal bags and industrial gloves. The value of this relief response is about £200,000. An airlift of additional relief items from the International Federation of the Red Cross's Pan American Disaster Response Unit was received on 17 and 23 September. The British Government have also pledged around £100,000 towards the cost of deploying a contingent from the Bermuda Regiment, which is providing support to the clear-up operations.
The Government of the Cayman Islands quickly initiated a process of identifying contractors, electricians, plumbers, building and insurance inspectors in preparation for the rehabilitation and reconstruction task. A Cayman Islands Recovery Committee was formed, which includes high-level representation from government and the private sector. Disease and surveillance systems were established to address all health conditions. To prevent tetanus infections, boosters were offered and 13,000 doses given. Supermarkets quickly reopened. The water authority has restored running water to much of Grand Cayman, although in some areas supplies are restricted to certain times. Mains supplies, however, are yet to be restored to eastern districts. Mains electricity supply has been restored to most of the capital but is still to be restored to the remainder of Grand Cayman. Many homes are 14WS being powered by generators. The Cayman Islands Government are liaising with the insurance sector to ensure payments are released quickly, so the reconstruction of homes can begin in earnest. A national recovery fund has been established.
Hurricane Ivan crossed over Cuba as a category 5 hurricane on 13 September. It took nearly five hours for the hurricane to pass over the northern tip of the island with sustained winds reaching 160 miles per hour. The Cuban authorities undertook appropriate measures in advance of the arrival of the hurricane and the Cuban Red Cross kept the population informed through a series of television and radio announcements. Over 1.5 million people were evacuated and 300,000 people accommodated in shelters. There was some damage to the agricultural and housing sector but no deaths reported. The regional appeal of the International Federation of the Red Cross supports the provision of shelter and non-food relief for 3,000 families in Cuba. The Department for International Development's contribution to the Red Cross regional appeal includes provision for support to the needs in Cuba.
Tropical Storm Jeanne passed through Puerto Rico and the United States Virgin Islands on 15 September killing two people. It made landfall on the Dominican Republic as a category 1 hurricane and moved slowly north-west on 16 and 17 September, losing strength but causing extensive damage and killing 11. It reached Haiti on 17 September, with heavy rain falling over deforested hills in the north. Flooding started slowly on 18 September and then increased quickly to flash flooding causing fast run-off into the valleys and towns.
The death toll in Haiti currently stands at 1,870 with 884 people missing and 2,620 injured. Around 300,000 have been affected, with 4,471 houses destroyed. The city of Gonaives was the most seriously affected. Other towns in the peninsula, between Gonaives and Port de Paix, were also affected including Ennery, Gros Morne, Ans Rouge and Port de Paix. As a result of the flooding a big lake formed on the approach to Gonaives and submerged the surrounding roads, limiting access into the city from Port au Prince. However, Gonaives was still accessible from the south by trucks, with careful navigation. The route from Gonaives to Cap Haitien and Port de Paix was temporarily closed due to flooding and landslides.
The Interim Prime Minister Gerard Latortue called for international assistance and formed a National Emergency Committee to oversee the relief effort. The United Nations Office for the Co-ordination of Humanitarian Affairs deployed a seven-person assessment and co-ordination team to assist them.
The Haitian Ministry of Health sent four doctors and 10 health officers to Gonaives. The United Nations Stabilisation Mission in Haiti flew helicopters into Gonaives, carrying food and medicine. The World Food Programme has been trucking food into Gonaives. The International Federation of the Red Cross responded by making available hygiene kits, family tents, plastic sheeting and body bags from 15WS stores in Port au Prince. The Pan American Disaster Response Unit airlifted further quantities of hygiene kits, kitchen sets and plastic sheeting. The World Health Organisation delivered 10,000 basic health kits and the Red Cross and non-governmental organisations rehabilitated the operating theatre of the main hospital in Gonaives and set up an emergency field hospital and health clinics. The United Nations Stabilisation Mission provided doctors to Gonaives. Medical supplies were initially sufficient due to preexisting Pan American Health Organisation stocks. As an interim measure additional water provision was met through bladders and water purification plants. Sufficient amounts of potable water are now available.
Following discussion with the United Nations and humanitarian agencies, the Department for International Development organised two airlifts carrying 718 family tents to provide shelter for over 3,500 people in Gonaives. Some humanitarian agencies were experiencing logistical difficulties, so the airlifts also included two Land Rover pick-up vehicles, four portable generators and radio communications equipment to support an expansion of their operations. The Department for International Development also deployed a humanitarian adviser to Haiti to assess the situation and consult with partner agencies. We have since invited funding proposals from non-governmental organisations and are considering support to their relief programmes. The United Nations launched a Flash Appeal, in New York, on 1 October. We are consulting with United Nations agencies on possible support through the appeal. The Department for International Development has provided £625,000, in support to the relief effort in Haiti. This consists of £150,000 to the International Federation of the Red Cross towards the relief operations and £475,000 to CARE towards logistics and for the distribution of 718 family tents procured by us. The European Community has announced a contribution of £1 million towards emergency relief in Haiti. The United Kingdom share of this humanitarian assistance is approximately £200,000.
Tropical Storm Jeanne then continued a path across the Caribbean and was upgraded to a category 3 hurricane as it passed over the north-western Bahamas on 25 September. Several areas had been evacuated from its path and many people moved into shelters. Hurricane Jeanne struck Abaco, Andros, Berry, Bimini, Eleuthera, Exuma, Grand Bahama and New Providence islands. The most significant damage in the Bahamas was caused to the islands of Grand Bahama and Abaco. However, no deaths or serious injuries were reported, with approximately 100 homes reportedly damaged. The Bahamas Red Cross undertook an initial assessment that indicated up to 5,000 families in the hardest-hit areas were in need of assistance. The International Federation of the Red Cross provided support to the Bahamas Red Cross, having utilised funds from their disasters and emergency relief fund (to which the Department for International Development makes an annual contribution). The most urgent needs have been met.
One month on from the devastation caused by Hurricane Ivan across the Caribbean, the first phase of emergency response is well underway. Mid to longer-term 16WS reconstruction is expected to continue for many months. Coverage of beneficiaries is improving rapidly with affected communities having received at least one distribution of food, and various combinations of other types of non-food and shelter assistance. Reconstruction and repair of houses, schools and essential public buildings will continue to take time to address. The relief effort is working well together. All major donors have now sent missions to the affected countries to assess how they should reshape their ongoing programmes of support. A co-ordinated response to support the plans of national government will be key to taking forward the reconstruction effort. I have already contacted the IMF, the World Bank, the Caribbean Development Bank and the Inter-American Development Bank to urge them to offer support as quickly as possible.
This has been an extremely difficult period for the Caribbean. The British Government have contributed quickly and appropriately to the immediate needs in the region and our support to the relief effort is continuing. I would like to place on record my thanks to the DfID staff, and to other colleagues across government and in the Royal Navy for their sterling efforts. Other countries, including within the Caribbean region, have also made important and valued contributions to bring help to those in need. We will now be working hard, with other donors and the multilateral institutions, to maintain the relief effort and help to bring the necessary support for the longer-term recovery of the affected islands.