§ Mr. BercowTo ask the Secretary of State for International Development what progress has been made by each country in meeting the millennium development goal to halve the proportion of people whose income is less than one dollar a day by 2015. [149062]
§ Hilary BennComparable data needed to assess trends in the proportion of people whose income is less than $1 a day are available only at the regional level. The most recent data and estimates for 2015 are as follows.
Regional breakdown of poverty estimates in developing countries 1990 2000 2015 East Asia and Pacific 29.4 14.5 2.3 Europe and Central Asia 1.4 4.2 1.3 Latin America and the Caribbean 11.0 10.8 7.6 Middle East and North Africa 2.1 2.8 1.2 South Asia 41.5 31.9 16.4 Sub-Saharan Africa 47.4 49.0 42.3 Total 28.3 21.6 12.5 Source:
World Bank, Global Economic Prospects 2004
It is clear from these figures that while the global picture of income poverty improved over the 1990s and we are likely to reach the target overall, progress across regions varies. The following table sets out the latest available information on the proportion of the population below $1 a day by country1.
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Year> Country Percentage of population below
$1 a day
21995 Algeria <2 1998 Armenia 12.8 2001 Azerbaijan 3.7 2000 Bangladesh 36.0 2000 Belarus <2 1999 Bolivia 14.4 1998 Brazil 9.9 2001 Bulgaria 4.7 1998 Burundi 58.4 1996 Cameroon 33.4 1998 Chile <2 2000 China 16.1 1998 Colombia 14.4 1998 Costa Rica 6.9 1995 Cote d'lvoire 12.3 2000 Croatia <2 1996 Czech Republic <2 1998 Dominican Republic <2 1995 Ecuador 20.2 2000 Egypt 3.1 1997 El Salvador 21.4 1998 Estonia <2 1999–2000 Ethiopia 81.9 1998 Gambia 59.3 1998 Georgia <2 1999 Ghana 44.8 2000 Guatemala 16.0 1998 Guyana <2 1998 Honduras 23.8
Year> Country Percentage of population below
$1 a day
21998 Hungary <2 1999–2000 India 34.7 2000 Indonesia 7.2 1998 Iran <2 2000 Jamaica <2 1997 Jordan <2 1996 Kazakhstan 1.5 1997 Kenya 23 1998 Korea, Rep (South) <2 2000 Kyrgyzstan 2.0 1997–98 Laos 26.3 1998 Latvia <2 2000 Lithuania <2 1998 Macedonia (FYR of) <2 1999 Madagascar 49.1 1997–98 Malawi 41.7 1997 Malaysia <2 1995 Mauritania 28.6 1998 Mexico 8.0 2001 Moldova 22.0 1995 Mongolia 13.9 1999 Morocco <2 1996 Mozambique 37.9 1995 Nepal 37.7 1998 Nicaragua 82.3 1995 Niger 61.4 1997 Nigeria 70.2 1998 Pakistan 13.4 1998 Panama 7.6 1998 Paraguay 19.5 1996 Peru 15.5 2000 Philippines 14.6 1998 Poland <2 2000 Romania 2.1 2000 Russian Federation 6.1 1995 Senegal 26.3 1996 Slovak Republic <2 1998 Slovenia <2 1995 South Africa <2 1995–96 Sri Lanka 6.6 1998 Tajikistan 10.3 2000 Thailand <2 1995 Tunisia <2 2000 Turkey <2 1998 Turkmenistan 12.1 1996 Uganda 82.2 1999 Ukraine 2.9 1998 Uruguay <2 1998 Uzbekistan 19.1 1998 Venezuela 15 1998 Vietnam 17.7 1998 Yemen 15.7 1998 Zambia 63.7 1 Countries without any internationally comparable data have been excluded from the table. 2 The percentage of the population living below the commonly used international $1 a day standard, measured in 1993 international prices and adjusted for local currency using purchasing power parities. Source:
World Bank "2003 World Development Indicators"
§ Mr. BercowTo ask the Secretary of State for International Development what the percentage change between 1990 and 2003 was in the numbers of people below the minimum level of dietary energy consumption in each country covered by the millennium development goals. [149063]
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§ Hilary BennThe information we have ready access to relates to the percentage of people below minimum levels of dietary energy consumption not absolute numbers and is not available for all countries1. The most recent information relates to the period 1998–2000. The available information and the change over the period is given in the following table.
1 Countries without any internationally comparable data have been excluded from the table.
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Country 1990–92 1998–2000 Change over period
(percentage
points)
Afghanistan 63 70 -7 Algeria 5 6 -1 Angola 61 50 II Bangladesh 35 35 0 Benin 19 13 6 Bolivia 26 23 3 Botswana 17 25 -8 Brazil 13 10 3 Burkina Faso 23 23 0 Burma 10 6 4 Burundi 49 69 -20 Cambodia 43 36 7 Cameroon 32 25 7 Central African Republic 49 44 5 Chad 58 32 26 Chile 8 4 4 China 16 9 7 Colombia 17 13 4 Congo (Dem Rep) 32 73 -41 Congo 37 32 5 Costa Rica 6 5 1 Cote d'Ivoire 18 15 3 Cuba 5 13 -8 Dominican Republic 27 26 1 Ecuador 8 5 3 Egypt 5 4 1 E1 Salvador 12 14 -2 Eritrea 2 58 Ethiopia 2 44 Gabon 11 8 3 Gambia 21 21 0 Ghana 35 12 23 Guatemala 14 25 -11 Guinea 40 32 8 Haiti 64 50 14 Honduras 23 21 2 India 25 24 1 Indonesia 2— 6 Iran 4 5 -1 Iraq 7 27 -20 Jamaica 14 9 5 Jordan 4 6 -2 Kenya 47 44 3 Korea Dem Rep (North) 18 34 -16 Kuwait 22 4 18 Laos 29 24 5 Lebanon 2— 3 Lesotho 27 26 1 Liberia 33 39 -6 Madagascar 35 40 -5 Malawi 49 33 16 Malaysia 3 2— Mali 25 20 5 Mauritania 14 12 2 Mauritius 6 5 1 Mexico 5 5 0 Mongolia 34 42 -8 Morocco 6 7 -1 Mozambique 69 55 14 Namibia 15 9 6 Nepal 19 19 0 Nicaragua 30 29 1 Niger 42 36 6
Country 1990–92 1998–2000 Change over period
(percentage
points)
Nigeria 13 7 6 Pakistan 25 19 6 Panama 19 18 1 Papua New Guinea 25 27 -2 Paraguay 18 14 4 Peru 40 11 29 Philippines 26 23 3 Rwanda 34 40 -6 Saudi Arabia 4 3 1 Senegal 23 25 -2 Sierra Leone 46 47 -1 Somalia 67 71 -4 Sri Lanka 29 23 6 Sudan 31 21 10 Swaziland 10 12 -2 Syria 5 3 2 Tanzania 36 47 -11 Thailand 28 18 10 Togo 28 23 5 Trinidad & Tobago 13 12 1 Uganda 23 21 2 United Arab Emirates 3 2— Uruguay 6 3 3 Venezuela 11 21 -10 Vietnam 27 18 9 Yemen 36 33 3 Zambia 45 50 -5 Zimbabwe 43 38 5 2 not available Source:
World Development Indicators 2003
§ Mr. BercowTo ask the Secretary of State for International Development what progress has been made by each country in meeting the millennium development goals to halve between 1990 and 2015 the proportion of people who suffer from hunger. [149064]
§ Hilary BennProgress towards the hunger target varies between countries. According to the UN Human Development Report 2003 in 21 countries a larger proportion of people are going hungry than in 1990. Elsewhere progress is being made, such as in the three Sub-Saharan Africa countries with the highest proportions of people suffering from hunger in 1990 (Mozambique, Angola and Chad) where estimates of hunger have dropped considerably.
I refer the hon. Member to my other answer [UIN 149063] for the most recent trend data of the percentage of people below minimum levels of dietary energy consumption.
§ Mr. BercowTo ask the Secretary of State for International Development what the change was between 1990 and 2003 in the share of the poorest quintile in national consumption in each country covered by the millennium development goals. [149066]
§ Hilary BennQuintile shares are calculated from income and consumption surveys. Developing countries carry out such surveys relatively infrequently and the information available does not allow us to examine changes between 1990 and 2003. The following table gives the latest statistics available by country and the year to which it refers1.
1 Countries without any internationally comparable data have been excluded from the table.
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Latest statistics available Country Shares of income or consumption of
poorest quintile
Year Algeria 7 1995 Armenia 7 1998 Azerbaijan 7 2001 Bangladesh 9 2000 Belarus 8 2000 Bolivia 4 1999 Brazil 2 1998 Bulgaria 7 2001 Burkina Faso 4 1998 Burundi 5 1998 Cambodia 7 1997 Cameroon 5 1996 Chile 3 1998 China 6 1998 Colombia 3 1996 Costa Rica 4 1997 Cote d'lvoire 7 1995 Croatia 8 2001 Czech Republic 10 1996 Dominican Republic 5 1998 Ecuador 5 1995 Egypt 9 1999 E1 Salvador 3 1998 Estonia 7 1998 Ethiopia 2 2000 Gambia 4 1998 Georgia 6 2000 Ghana 6 1999 Guatemala 4 1998 Guyana 4 1999 Honduras 2 1996 Hong Kong 5 1996 Hungary 10 1998 India 8 1997 Indonesia 8 2000 Iran 5 1998 Israel 7 1997 Jamaica 7 2000 Jordan 8 1997 Kazakhstan 8 2001 Kenya 6 1997 Korea, Rep (South) 8 1998 Kyrgyzstan 9 2001 Laos 8 1997 Latvia 8 1998 Lesotho 1 1995 Lithuania 8 2000 Macedonia (FYR of) 8 1998 Madagascar 6 1999 Malawi 5 1997 Malaysia 4 1997 Mauritania 6 1995 Mexico 3 1998 Moldova 7 2001 Mongolia 6 1998 Morocco 7 1999 Mozambique 6 1997 Nepal 8 1996 Nicaragua 2 1998 Niger 3 1995 Nigeria 4 1997 Pakistan 9 1999 Panama 4 1997 Papua New Guinea 5 1996 Paraguay 2 1998 Peru 4 1996 Philippines 5 2000 Poland 8 1998 Romania 8 2000 Russian Federation 5 2000 Senegal 6 1995
Latest statistics available Country Shares of income or consumption of
poorest quintile
Year Singapore 5 1998 Slovak Republic 9 1996 Slovenia 9 1998 South Africa 2 1995 Sri Lanka 8 1995 St Lucia 5 1995 Tajikistan 8 1998 Thailand 6 2000 Tunisia 6 1995 Turkey 6 2000 Turkmenistan 6 1998 Uganda 7 1996 Ukraine 9 1999 Uruguay 4 1998 Uzbekistan 9 2000 Venezuela 3 1998 Vietnam 8 1998 Yemen 7 1998 Zambia 3 1998 Zimbabwe 5 1995 Source:
World Development Indicators 2003
§ Mr. BercowTo ask the Secretary of State for International Development what progress each country has made in meeting the millennium development goal that, by 2015, all children will be able to commence a full course of primary schooling. [149067]
§ Hilary BennGenerally, progress towards the 2015 target has been good but huge challenges still remain. The Education For All Global Monitoring Report identifies 36 countries at serious risk of not achieving the goal, of which 22 are in sub-Saharan Africa. There is increased evidence since the World Education Forum in April 2000, that many countries now have better education sector policies for making progress. Increased international support, including our own commitment of £1 billion over the period 2002–07, is helping African Governments to improve primary school enrolment.
A comprehensive table listing the primary net enrolment ratio for each country where comparable data is available can be found in Table 5 in the statistical annex of the recent Education For All Global Monitoring Report (www.efareport.unesco.org).