§ Mr. Newensasked the Secretary of State for Defence if he will list the amount spent on defence per head of population by the United Kingdom and each of her partners in NATO for each year from 1970 to the present, together with the amount per head planned for as many years ahead as is known; and if he will provide corresponding figures for each of the members of the Warsaw Pact.
§ Mr. PymThe information requested for NATO countries for each year between 1970 and 1979 is set out in the table below. The NATO definition of defence expenditure has been used throughout. Figures relating to future years are not available. Corresponding figures for members of the Warsaw Pact are not known, since those countries do not publish reliable information about their defence expenditure. However, estimates of military expenditure by the Soviet Union suggest that expenditure per capita increased from about 170 roubles in 1970 to about 270 roubles in 1978. It is not possible to express these amounts satisfactorily in dollars since the official exchange rate does not adequately reflect the purchasing power of the rouble.
119W
PER CAPITA DEFENCE EXPENDITURES (HUS) Country 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 (provisional) Belgium … … … 78 86 106 133 152 197 215 254 322 374 Canada … … … 93 98 104 109 131 136 158 166 174 172 Denmark … … … 75 87 98 116 144 182 185 208 257 297 France … … … 116 123 144 182 190 247 253 280 349 413 Germany … … … 105 123 150 199 230 255 259 291 360 412 Greece … … … 54 58 65 75 90 151 Not available Italy … … … 47 55 68 75 79 85 77 91 110 128 Luxembourg … … … 24 26 34 44 51 63 71 81 104 117 Netherlands … … … 84 97 115 145 172 210 215 272 309 353 Norway … … … 100 110 125 152 179 227 243 276 322 356 Portugal … … … 48 57 66 72 107 81 64 59 63 78 Turkey … … … 16 16 19 23 29 Not available United Kingdom … … 106 123 146 155 173 204 199 213 261 340 United States … … 380 362 372 372 405 426 423 465 496 555 The conversion to United States dollars has been made using average exchange rates for each year.
120W121W
§ Mr. Newensasked the Secretary of State for Defence if he will list the percentage of gross national product spent on defence by the United Kingdom and each of her partners in the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation for each year from 1970 to the present, together with the percentage planned for as many years ahead as is known; and if he will provide corresponding figures for each of the members of the Warsaw Pact.
§ Mr. PymNATO now calculates defence expenditure as a proportion of gross122W domestic product. The information requested for NATO countries for each year between 1970 and 1979 is set out in the table below. Figures relating to future years are not available. Corresponding figures for members of the Warcountries do not publish reliable informasaw Pact are not known since those tion about their defence expenditure. However, it is estimated that throughout the period the Soviet Union devoted between 11 and 13 per cent. of its gross national product to military purposes.
123W
124W
DEFENCE EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT MARKET PRICES Country 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 (provisional) Belgium … … … 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.8 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.3 Canada … … … 2.4 2.2 2.1 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 1.8 Denmark … … … 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.0 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 France … … … 4.2 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.0 Germany … … … 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.3 Greece … … … 4.8 4.7 4.6 4.1 4.3 6.5 Not available Italy … … … 2.5 2.7 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.3 Luxembourg … … … 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 Netherlands … … … 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.5 3.3 3.5 3.3 3.3 Norway … … … 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.1 3.0 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.3 3.2 Portugal … … … 7.1 7.4 6.9 6.0 7.4 5.3 4.0 3.5 3.5 3.8 Turkey … … … 4.3 4.5 4.3 4.1 3.9 Not available United Kingdom … … 4.8 4.9 5.2 4.8 5.1 5.0 5.0 4.8 4.7 4.9 United States … … 7.9 7.1 6.6 6.0 6.1 6.0 5.4 5.4 5.1 5.2