§ Mr. Rookerasked the Secretary of State for Employment if he will publish in the OFFICIAL REPORT the latest information his Department has obtained 71W showing male/female earnings differentials for manual and non-manual workers in various countries.
§ Mr. BoothThe latest available information showing male and female hourly earnings and relativities for manual workers in manufacturing industry in various countries is given in the table
AVERAGE GROSS HOURLY EARNINGS OF MALE AND FEMALE MANUAL WORKERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY Country Date Male Female Percentage Female to Male Earnings United Kingdom (Pence) … October 1973 … 71.95 42.13 58.6 France (French Franc) … April 1973 … 8.76 6.86 78.3 Germany (Deutsche Mark) … April 1973 … 8.60 6…02 70.0 Belgium (Belgian Franc) … October 1972 … 95.5 64.29 67.3 Netherlands (Florin) … October 1972 … 6.52 3.97 60.9 Luxembourg (Luxembourg Franc) … April 1973 … 122.23 67.82 55.5 Italy (Lira) … April 1973 … 1,029 774 75.2 Ireland (Pence) … September 1973 … 82.9 49.4 59.6 Denmark (Ore)* … May 1973 … 2,552 2,019 79.1 Sweden (Kronor) … May 1973 … 16.75 14.06 83.9 Sources: United Kingdom: DE Gazette. France, Germany, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Italy: EUROSTAT—Social Statistics IV/1973. Ireland: Irish Statistical Bulletin. Denmark and Sweden: ILO Bulletin of Labour Statistics 2nd Quarter 1974. * The figures for Denmark relate to wages in non-agricultural sectors. They exclude mining, quarrying, commerce and transport.
§ Mr. Rookerasked the Secretary of State for Employment if he will publish in the OFFICIAL REPORT figures showing the average weekly and hourly earnings for men and women in (a) manual; (b) non-manual; and (c) all occupations, respectively, for the past three years and for the latest convenient period for which figures are available.
§ Mr. BoothThe most recent information available to my Department on the
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Category of Employee Year Average gross weekly earnings £ Average gross hourly earnings p Manual men … … … 1972 … … … 32.80 71.3 1973 … … … 38.10 81.7 1974 … … … 43.60 93.5 Non-manual men … … … 1972 … … … 43.50 110.7 1973 … … … 48.10 121.6 1974 … … … 54.40 137.9 All full-time men … … … 1972 … … … 36.70 83.7 1973 … … … 41.90 94.3 1974 … … … 47.70 107.6 Manual women … … … 1972 … … … 17.10 43.0 1973 … … … 19.70 49.6 1974 … … … 23.60 59.3 Non-manual women … … … 1972 … … … 22.20 59.9 1973 … … … 24.70 66.2 1974 … … … 28.60 76.9 All full-time women … … … 1972 … … … 20.50 54.0 1973 … … … 23.10 60.5 1974 … … … 26.90 70.8 The estimates are subject to sampling errors and for average gross weekly earnings are given to the nearest 10p. below. I regret that comparable information is not available for non-manual workers. International comparisons of earnings relativities between men and women are hazardous because the social and economic factors, including the pattern of industry, affecting female employment differ among countries.
average earnings of manual and non-manual employees is provided by the New Earnings Surveys. The following estimates show the average gross weekly and hourly earnings of full-time men aged 21 or over and full-time women aged 18 or over, whose pay for the particular survey reference period was not affected by absence. They relate to Great Britain and to April 1972, April 1973 and April 1974.