§ Mr. StrawTo ask the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster if he will publish tables showing the percentage of gross domestic product accounted for by(a)Government expenditure and (b) all expenditure on civil research and development for each Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development country, for the years 1974, 1979, 1983, 1986, 1987 and 1988.
§ Mr. Forth[holding answer 14 February 1989]The available information relates to gross expenditure on research and development (R and D) in the fields of science, technology, social science and humanities and Government financing of it, as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP). It is given in the following tables:
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Gross expenditure on R & D as a percentage of GDP 1974 1979 1983 1986 Australia .. .. .. 2 51.2 Austria .. .. 21.3 21.3 Belgium .. .. 21.5 1.6 Canada 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.4 Denmark 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.3 Finland .. 1.1 1.3 21.6 France 1.8 1.8 2.1 2.3 Germany 2.1 12.4 2.5 .. Greece .. 0. 1 20.3 0.3 Iceland .. 0.7 0.7 20.7 Ireland 0.8 10.7 0.7 0.9 Italy 0.7 0.7 1.0 1.1 Japan4 2.0 2.1 2.6 2.8 Luxembourg .. .. .. .. Netherlands 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.2 New Zealand 0.9 0.9 20.9 .. Norway 1.3 1.3 1.4 21.8 Portugal .. .. .. 50.5 Spain 0.3 0.4 0.5 50.6 Sweden3 .. 1.9 2.5 .. Switzerland 2.3 2.4 12.3 12.9 Turke .. .. 0.8 0.6 United Kingdom .. .. 2.3 2.4 United States 2.3 2.3 2.6 2.7 Yugoslavia .. 0.9 0.9 0.9 Source:OECD. .. not available. 1 break in the series. 2 national estimate adjusted to meet OECD norms. 3 excludes R & D in social sciences and humanities. 4 based on overestimated data. 5 provisional.
Gross expenditure on R and D, financed by Government as percentage of GDP 1983 1979 1983 1986 Australia .. .. .. .. Austria2 .. .. 0.6 0.6 Belgium .. 0.4 .. 0.5 Canada 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 Denmark 0.6 0.5 0.6 .. Finland .. 0.5 0.6 .. France 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.2 Germany 1.1 11.0 1.0 .. Greece .. 0.2 20.2 0.2 Iceland .. 0.5 0.5 .. Ireland 0.5 10.4 0.4 0.4 Italy 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.6 Japan4 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 Luxembourg .. .. .. .. Netherlands 0.8 0.9 1.0 .. New Zealand 0.7 20.8 0.8 .. Norway 0.8 0.8 0.7 20.8 Portugal .. .. .. 50.3 Spain 0.1 0.2 0.2 50.3 Sweden3 .. 0.7 0.9 .. Switzerland 0.4 0.6 10.5 10.6 Turkey .. .. .. .. United Kingdom .. .. 1.2 1.0 United States 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.4 Yugoslavia .. 0.3 0.4 0.4 Source: OECD. .. Not available. 1 Break in the series. 2 National estimate adjusted to meet OECD norms. 3 Excludes R and D in social science and humanities. 4 Based on overestimated data. 5 Provisional.