Sitting of 12 November 1929

Preamble
The House met at a Quarter before Three of the Clock, Mr. SPEAKER in the Chair.
ORAL ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS.
  UNEMPLOYMENT.

    BRICKMAKING INDUSTRY.
    Commander SOUTHBYasked the Lord Privy Seal whether he is aware that the supply of British-made bricks is greatly below the demand; and whether, observing the large number of bricks now imported from abroad and the fact that there are idle and derelict brickyards in this country, he will consider the possibility of assisting private enterprise in the brick trade in order to increase the supply of British-made bricks and give employment to greater numbers of British brickmakers?
    The LORD PRIVY SEAL (Mr. J. H. Thomas): So far as I am aware there is no present general shortage of bricks. The importation of bricks from abroad represents a very small percentage, probably not more than 5 per cent. of the total production of bricks in this country. I see no case for special assistance for opening up derelict brickyards. If the yards are suitable the prospects of business should be such as to ensure their being worked.
    Mr. SEXTON: Is the right hon. Gentleman aware that brickworks in this country have been closed down, and that they labour under the disadvantage of having to pay to the landowner a royalty on every thousand bricks made?

    WORKS AND FACTORIES (RE-OPENING).
    Mr. DAYasked the Lord Privy Seal whether through the action of his Department any works or factories that had been closed down previous to June, 1929, have been re-opened; and can he give particulars?
    Mr. THOMAS: I regret that these particulars are not available.

    STEEL TRADE (FOREIGN COMPETITION).
    Major THOMASasked the Lord Privy Seal if he is aware of the increased importation of foreign steel in South Wales, involving the closing down of several steel works and the unemployment of many thousands of men; and whether he will recommend to His Majesty's Government that measures must be taken to prevent the importation of an article which we are well able to manufacture ourselves?
    Mr. THOMAS: I would refer the hon. Member to the reply given on the 5th November by my right hon. Friend, the President of the Board of Trade, to the hon. Member for Moseley (Mr. Hannon).
    Mr. T. GRIFFITHS: Is the right hon. Gentleman aware that the firms with which the hon. Member is connected, Messrs. Richard Thomas and Company, and the Grove End Steel and Tinplate Company, are the biggest sinners in purchasing these foreign articles?
    Mr. SPEAKER: We cannot go into the merits of firms at Question Time.

    DOCK AND HARBOUR UNDERTAKINGS.
    Major COLVILLEasked the Lord Privy Seal if he will reconsider the terms offered to public port authorities for development work and treat them as non-revenue producing undertakings, in order to encourage such authorities immediately to proceed with the schemes which they have prepared and which when completed will be of permanent value to trade?
    Mr. THOMAS: I cannot treat revenue producing undertakings as though they were non-revenue-producing. I would refer the hon. and gallant Member to the statement made by my hon. Friend the Chancellor for the Duchy of Lancaster, during the Debate on the fourth of this month, in which he announced the Government's decision materially improving the terms to be granted in the case of large dock undertakings where the period of construction would be long. These improved terms, beyond which the Government would not think it right to go, are generous, amounting to 32 per cent. of the cost of the works, and I trust that dock authorities will without delay take full advantage of them.
    Major COLVILLE: Does the Lord Privy Seal not consider that work done on the docks, with possible effect on trade, is of equal importance to work done on roads?
    Mr. THOMAS: Yes; it is because I realise the importance of providing facilities for our export trade, that I have concentrated on dock and similar undertakings; and a Government grant of 32 per cent. to a revenue-producing undertaking, if there be anything in it, ought to be sufficient inducement to them, and I am glad to say from my experience that it is.

    RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK (BRITISH MATERIAL).
    Sir BASIL PETOasked the Lord Privy Seal whether his attention has been called to the placing of large orders for foreign timber for the construction of railway wagons where formerly British oak was used; and whether, in carrying out the policy of gradual replacement of railway wagons with others of 12 and 20 tons capacity, any financial assistance from the Government will be conditional on British steel and British timber alone being used?
    Mr. THOMAS: I am aware that foreign timber is sometimes used in the construction of railway wagons, but from inquiries which I have made, I understand that the Railway Companies endeavour to use home-grown timber so far as there are available supplies of suitable quality. In reply to the second part of the question, all materials required for or used in connection with assisted schemes under the Development (Loans, Guarantees and Grants) Act, 1929, are required to be of British origin and all manufactered articles of British manufacture. This requirement is subject only to such exceptions as the Department concerned, having regard to all the circumstances, may find to be necessary or desirable in any particular case.
    Sir B. PETO: Does the requirement that the manufactured article should be of British origin cover home-grown timber which has undergone only a preliminary form of manufacture?
    Mr. THOMAS: Yes, it covers that. I go beyond that, and say that, in the instructions which I have given, I have made it perfectly clear that I want to encourage
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    British industry; but I have to put in a safeguard, which already, unfortunately, my experience justifies, protecting public money against a ring of manufacturers who take advantage of it.
    Mr. W. THORNE: In considering the advisability of developing Toads, will the right hon. Gentleman think of British tar for British roads?
    Mr. THOMAS: Yes, and, if I may judge from the representations which have been made to me by the industry, of which my hon. Friend is such a distinguished member, I am not likely to forget it.
    Mr. REMER: Will the right hon. Gentleman put himself in touch with the home-grown timber trade to see what can be done to help what he has in mind?
    Mr. THOMAS: I may avail myself of this opportunity to say that there is no industry, large or small, with which I am not in touch discussing this question from the standpoint of British material, and in order to see how the British standards of labour affect the particular problem.

    CANADA (BRITISH COAL AND STEEL).
    Mr. HURDasked the Lord Privy Seal whether the 600,000 tons of British coal to be sold to Canada under the arrangement is in addition to existing sales; and what were the sales of British coal in Canada in 1927 and 1928?
    Mr. THOMAS: If the hon. Member will read my statement of 4th November, he will see that I made it clear that the 600,000 tons to which I referred represents the present rate of shipment of coal from this country to Canada. I expressed the view that while I expected exports of hard coal would be maintained and indeed increased. I hoped that the exports of soft coal would also increase. I will, with the hon. Member's permission, circulate in the OFFICIAL REPORT a statement showing the exports to Canada of both classes of coal during the past five years.
    Mr. HURD: Is it not a fact that in the year before last the shipment was 800,000 tons, and last year over 600,000 tons?
    Mr. THOMAS: On the contrary, the figures will show that in 1928 the tonnage was 453,000. The short answer is

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    that it is six or seven years since a real attempt was made to get anthracite coal into Canada. All experience and all people agree that it has been justified, and I go beyond that and say that the demand this year will be beyond what we can supply.
    Sir BURTON CHADWICK: If, as the right hon. Gentleman says, 600,000 tons represents the existing export of coal to Canada, what is the inducement for someone or other to build 35,000 tons of hew shipping to cope with what is the existing transport?
    Mr. THOMAS: The hon. Member is engaged in the shipping industry, and I do not want to be driven at this stage to say anything that will make it more difficult, but he knows perfectly well, better than anyone in the House, that the abnormal wheat position in Canada at the moment has made it very difficult for shippers to deal with the situation, and that those who have contracted to supply Canada are so satisfied that they will want more tonnage, that they have ordered it.
    Following is the statement:

    Year.

    Anthracite.

    Other sorts of Coal.

    Total Exports.

    Tons.

    Tons.

    Tons.

    1924

    266,075

    12,859

    278,934

    1925

    434,274

    134,170

    568,444

    1927

    670,287

    164,404

    834,691

    1928

    453,386

    175,659

    629,045

    1929 (First 9 months).

    458,939

    101,433

    560,372

    It is estimated that the total exports to Canada in 1929 will be about 700,000 tons. Shipments tend to decrease towards the end of the year. Probably 560,000 will be anthracite and 140,000 bituminous.
    The figures for the years 1925 and 1927 were to some extent affected by industrial troubles in the coalfields of the United States of America.
    Sir WILLIAM MITCHELL-THOMSONasked the Lord Privy Seal whether the plans referred to by him for the construction of five vessels for the conveyance of British coal to Canada and for the marketing of British steel
    1694
    products there were discussed by him with any member or representative of the Dominion Government?
    Mr. THOMAS: I explained fully to Members of His Majesty's Government in Canada the object of my visit, which was to prepare the way for an increase in British trade with Canada. The detailed negotiations on the matters referred to in the question have been left entirely in the hands of the commercial interests concerned.
    Sir W. MITCHELL-THOMSON: Is the right hon. Gentleman aware that last Wednesday the "Times" correspondent in Ottawa sent a dispatch saying the Canadian Dominion Government categorically denied any knowledge of the ships or the coal orders or the steel-marketing arrangements?
    Mr. THOMAS: I do not know what the "Times" correspondent said—I did not see it—but I repeat that I discussed my mission not only with the Prime Minister, with the Minister of Finance, who, I reget to say, has passed away, but with the Cabinet in their entirety. How could they know anything about the ships until there had been sufficient trade to warrant such ships being built?
    Sir W. MITCHELL-THOMSON: Then are we to understand that the "Times" correspondent is misinformed as to that; and, in regard to what the right hon. Gentleman has just told me, may I ask him whether he now proposes to initiate discussions with the Dominion Government?
    Mr. THOMAS: I am not concerned with the statements of the "Times" correspondent, but I am concerned with a definite statement that I made, namely, that I discussed things fully with the Canadian Government and left no doubt in their mind that my object was to further British trade, and I received from them every assistance.
    Sir NEWTON MOORE: Does the right hon. Gentleman consider that steamers of 7,000 tons are of an economic size to carry on this trade?
    Mr. SPEAKER: We are not concerned at the moment with the right hon. Gentleman's opinions.
    Sir N. MOOREasked the Lord Privy Seal whether he is now in a

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    position to give information in regard to the additional tonnage of steel and coal that will be shipped to Canada as a result of his recent visit; and whether he can give the results of the experiments made in mixing Canadian with British coal?
    Mr. THOMAS: As regards the first part of the question, I am not at present in a position to make a statement. As regards the second part, I have nothing to add to the reply which I gave the hon. Member on the 31st October.
    Sir N. MOORE: Is the right hon. Gentleman aware that many hundreds of thousands of tons of Canadian coal have been imported into this country over a period of years?
    Mr. THOMAS: No, I was not aware that many thousand tons of Canadian coal had been imported into this country.
    Sir N. MOORE: It is a fact, all the same.

    SCHEMES (STATISTICS).
    Mr. ALBERYasked the Lord Privy Seal the amounts of any loans, guarantees, or subsidies for which His Majesty's Government has become responsible through the various schemes sanctioned by his Department since the Adjournment of the House?
    Lieut.-Colonel Sir FREDERICK HALLasked the Lord Privy Seal what is the estimated total cost of canal drainage, railway, and other improvement works which are proposed to be put in hand for the relief of unemployment and for the execution of which Parliamentary powers are required; in what respective proportions the Government, local authorities, and private enterprise will be responsible for carrying out such works; what is the number of men for whom employment will be found in connection with the various schemes and for what period; and what will be the annual saving in unemployment grants resulting from this absorption of labour?
    Mr. THOMAS: In accordance with the announcement I made during the Debate on the 4th of this month, a White Paper is being prepared giving information on these matters.
    Sir F. HALL: Will the right hon. Gentleman be good enough to answer the last part of Question 20 and tell me what will be the annual saving in unemployment grants resulting from this absorption of labour?
    Mr. THOMAS: No one knows better than the hon. and gallant Member that it is impossible to answer that question, for the simple reason that when people are taken into employment employers do not usually ask: "Are you in receipt of unemployment benefit, or have you exhausted your benefit?" That is something which employés would resent being asked.
    Mr. ALBERY: May I ask a question?
    Mr. SPEAKER: Both the hon. Members who are asking these questions and the right hon. Gentleman who is replying seem to forget that there are 109 questions on the Order Paper.
    Sir F. HALL: On a point of Order. This is the only question which I have put down.
    Mr. ALBERY: In view of what you have just said, Mr. Speaker, may I most respectfully draw your attention to the fact that the delay is not occurring through supplementary questions alone, but is also due to the fact that the right hon. Gentleman has not only been answering questions but taking the opportunity of making speeches.
    Mr. SPEAKER: I have referred to that already.

    TELEPHONE CONSTRUCTION WORKS.
    Mr. BOWENasked the Lord Privy Seal whether the telephone construction works of £750,000, which are now contemplated, are additional to the normal programme of the year?
    The POSTMASTER-GENERAL (Mr. Lees-Smith): I have been asked to reply. Yes, Sir, they are an acceleration. The authorised construction programme for the current year amounts to £10,500,000. Works estimated to cost £750,000 in addition to this authorised programme have now been sanctioned and will be put in hand forthwith.
    Mr. HARRIS: Are these revenue-producing works, and are they likely to prove profitable?
    Mr. LEES-SMITH: Yes, Sir. The financial aspect was most carefully considered before the Department sent the proposals forward.

    LAND DRAINAGE.
    Mr. W. B. TAYLORasked the Lord Privy Seal whether, when exploring national schemes for providing work for our people, regard was taken of the water-logged and water-slain land in this country which used to be food-producing and work-providing arable land; and, if so, can he now inform the House of the result of ouch inquiry, if made?
    Mr. THOMAS: The answer to the first part of the question is in the affirmative. In reply to the second part, I would refer my hon. Friend to the answer which I gave to a question put by the right hon. Gentleman the Member for West Woolwich (Sir K. Wood) on the 5th instant, in which I indicated that the Government are considering the promotion of legislation to enable comprehensive works of land drainage to be undertaken.

    LANARKSHIRE.
    Mr. SULLIVANasked the Lord Privy Seal what is being done to provide work in the county of Lanark for the unemployed during the coming winter?
    Mr. THOMAS: The general position has been under discussion between the County Council and the Ministry of Labour and the Ministry of Transport, butt I understand that no detailed proposals have been received from the local authorities. My hon. Friend will remember that in the Debate on the 4th certain alterations were announced in the terms applicable to Lanarkshire, and if the local authorities make proposals on those conditions they will be sympathetically considered.
    Mr. SULLIVAN: Is the right hon. Gentleman aware that the local authorities are waiting for the terms?
    Mr. THOMAS: I was officially in formed by those who represent Lanarkshire that a meeting took place on Saturday last at which the whole matter was discussed, and it would be unfair for me to express an opinion until I have received the proposals emerging from that meeting.
    Captain WATERHOUSE: Is it not a fact that local authorities throughout the country are most dissatisfied with the dilatory action of the Government?
    Mr. THOMAS: It may be, as the hon. and gallant Member suggests, that local authorities throughout the country are dissatisfied with the dilatory action of the Government, but it may equally be true that the local authorities know how much better terms this Government are giving than the last one gave.

    CONTRACTS (STEEL SLEEPERS AND SHIPS).
    Mr. WHEATLEYasked the Lord Privy Seal with what firm or firms have the orders for the 13,000 tons of steel sleepers been placed; whether the contracts for the five 7,000-ton ships mentioned by him have now been fixed; and, if so, with what firms?
    Mr. THOMAS: As regards the first part of the question, I can only say that the contracts have been placed with British firms. As regards the second part, I am not in a position to add any thing to the statement I made on the 4th of this month.
    Mr. WHEATLEY: Has the right hon. Gentleman had any report from those firms showing the number of men employed by them before the contracts were placed and the number employed by them now? Will he give that information to the House, so that we may judge of the value to the unemployed of the placing of these contracts?
    Mr. THOMAS: No, I have not the least idea, nor is it my business to ask it. But what I am concerned to know—and I hope the House will be concerned, as I am sure the country will be—is this, that if I succeed in persuading railway companies to substitute for sleepers of foreign imported wood British steel sleepers, the result will be favourable.
    Mr. WHEATLEY: Does not the right hon. Gentleman consider that, in return for the assistance which it is giving to these firms, this House is entitled to know how many workers have been added to the number of their employés?
    Mr. THOMAS: The House is certainly entitled to know that, and any question about that will be answered. [HON. MEMBERS: "Why not answer it?"] My right hon. Friend and the interrupters

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    from the other side ought to know that these sleepers are ordered and paid for by the railway companies themselves, and that the orders have nothing at all to do with Government assistance.
    Mr. WHEATLEY: Would the right hon. Gentleman care to inform the House why we should give assistance to railway companies if they are not in a position to state that as a result of that assistance they employ additional men?
    Mr. THOMAS: The House is entitled to know that, but the House is also entitled to ask that hon. and right hon. Gentlemen should keep to the facts. The sleepers referred to in this question have nothing to do either with the railway companies' application to the Government or any Government assistance.
    Sir NICHOLAS GRATTAN-DOYLE: With reference to the second part of the question, will the right hon. Gentleman bear in mind that the shipyards on the Tyne are in a particular way suited for carrying out that work?
    Mr. SPEAKER: I do not think that that question arises.

    WORK SCHEMES (WAGES).
    Mr. WHEATLEYasked the Lord Privy Seal what proportion of every million pounds spent on unemployment schemes will go in wages; and what is the estimated number of workers?
    Mr. THOMAS: It is only possible to give an estimate, but, taking the works as a whole, the expenditure of £1,000,000 probably represents, indirect and in direct employment, work for 4,000 men for a year.
    Mr. WHEATLEY: Will the right hon. Gentleman give us his estimate of the amount of wages that will be paid to these men out of the £1,000,000?
    Mr. THOMAS: How could I, and how could anyone who himself was an employer of labour, make any such calculation?
    Mr. WHEATLEY: Does not the right hon. Gentleman think that the House, which votes £1,000,000 in order that people may get wages, is entitled to know how much of it is going in wages?
    Mr. THOMAS: Certainly; but I also think that the House, in voting any sum of money, is entitled to apply itself to the practical difficulties of it. To give a simple illustration, you may vote £20,000,000 for Charing Cross Bridge, £8,000,000—
    Mr. SPEAKER: Sir Nicholas Grattan-Doyle.

    LAND ACQUISITION.
    Sir N. GRATTAN-DOYLEasked the Lord Privy Seal whether it is pro posed to introduce before Christmas the Measure respecting the acquisition of land by local authorities and that dealing with unearned increment in land?
    Mr. THOMAS: I would refer the hon. Member to the reply which I gave yesterday to the right hon. Member for West Woolwich (Sir K. Wood).

    PLYMOUTH AND CORNWALL (COMMUNICATIONS).
    Mr. HORE-BELISHAasked the Lord Privy Seal whether he is aware of the resolution passed by the Plymouth Chamber of Commerce, in July last, recommending as absolutely necessary more up-to-date and adequate means of communication between Plymouth and Cornwall, and urging the Government to incorporate this in any scheme for unemployment relief which they may be inaugurating in the near future; and what action he proposes to take?
    Mr. THOMAS: I was not aware of the resolution referred to by the hon. Member, but representations have been made to me on the subject, and I am in consultation with my hon. Friend the Minister of Transport as to the best course to pursue.
    Mr. HORE-BELISHA: Will the right hon. Gentleman bear in mind the advisability of sending an officer down from the Government to make a report on this scheme, seeing that it will be difficult for the parties concerned to reach an agreement unless that is done?
    Mr. THOMAS: I am aware of the difficulties, and of the conflicting views of the parties, and I contemplate calling them together myself.

    CARDIFF AREA (RELIEF SCHEMES).
    Mr. ARTHUR HENDERSON, Jr.,asked the Lord Privy Seal what

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    relief schemes are in operation in the Cardiff area; and to what extent the Government are affording assistance?
    Mr. THOMAS: Schemes of road and railway work, to a total value of £965,000, have been approved for grant, which are expected to give employment equivalent to that of some 3,500 men for a year. The Government assistance takes the form of interest grants, the present value of which is equivalent in the case of the road works to 50 per cent., and, in the case of the railway works, to about 25 per cent. of the total estimated cost.

    EMPIRE SETTLEMENT.
    Mr. WHEATLEYasked the Lord Privy Seal what employment is avail able for people intending to emigrate to Canada next year?
    Mr. THOMAS: Arrangements have been made by His Majesty's Government in Canada to place 3,000 single men in farm work next year after a preliminary course of training in this country. Land Settlement schemes have been arranged in New Brunswick, and also with the Canadian Pacific Railway Company and the Hudson's Bay Company, which will provide employment for a limited number of selected families. I should add that the special £10 ocean fare to Canada enables British subjects to avail themselves of the opportunities afforded by Canada, where the industrial employment index during 1929 was higher than it has been for many years.
    Mr. WHEATLEY: Was the right hon. Gentleman informed by the Canadian Government that, with granaries and storehouses bulging with grain, as he informed us, the bringing of a few thousand more men to produce more grain and add to the surplus would help the situation?
    Mr. THOMAS: Oh, no; I was not in formed of that by the Canadian Government; I knew it before I left. It was because I knew it that I did not attempt to impose any conditions of migration on the Canadian Government, and merely contented myself with asking them how many they could guarantee to take, and I relied upon their in formation and acted accordingly.
    Mr. WHEATLEY rose—
    Mr. SPEAKER: The right hon. Gentleman has had a full answer, and he cannot make every question into a debate.

    CINEMATOGRAPH FILMS ACT.
    Mr. DAYasked the President of the Board of Trade (1) whether he proposes to introduce any amending legislation to the Cinematograph Films Act of 1927;
    (2) whether, in view of the proposals which were laid before the Parliamentary Secretary to his Department for consideration by the Cinematograph Exhibitors' Association on the subject of talking pictures, he can state if it is now intended to introduce any amending legislation to the Cinematograph Films Act to deal with these suggestions; and can he now make a statement upon this subject?
    The PRESIDENT of the BOARD of TRADE (Mr. William Graham): I cannot add anything at present to the answers I gave to my hon. Friend and to my hon. Friend the Member for Peckham (Mr. Beckett) on 5th November.
    Mr. DAY: Can the right hon. Gentleman tell me how it is possible to deal with the many anomalies that have been caused to the trade by this Act if legislation is not introduced forthwith?
    Mr. GRAHAM: I made it clear that we cannot promise legislation, but all the proposals can and should be submitted to the Advisory Committee under the Act.
    Mr. DAY: Has the resolution passed by the Advisory Committee, which dealt with talking machines and films, been acted upon, and has the right hon. Gentleman's Department given a decision?
    Mr. GRAHAM: I believe there were recommendations, but no specific proposals were made. I have made inquiries, and find that that is the position at the present time.

    EX-ENEMY PROPERTY.
    Captain E. N. BENNETTasked the President of the Board of Trade whether the suspension of the liquidation of ex-enemy property as from 31st August last applies to the property of Austrian as well as German nationals?
    Mr. W. GRAHAM: The suspension of the liquidation of ex-enemy property as from 31st August last was a measure adopted in connection with the Conference at The Hague, and related only to German property. Negotiations are, however, now proceeding between the representatives of the British and Austrian Clearing Offices, which may result in an agreement with the Austrian Government for the cessation of liquidations of Austrian property, and as a preliminary measure these liquidations have now been suspended.

  TRADE AND COMMERCE.

    CUSTOMS TARIFFS.
    Mr. BENSONasked the President of the Board of Trade whether he is aware that the International Customs Tariffs Bureau, Brussels, the object of which is to give the latest information on tariffs and tariff changes, is unable, owing to inadequate financial resources and staff, to publish the tariffs of many countries without great delay; and whether, in view of this fact and of the importance of accurate knowledge of tariffs to everyone engaged in our ex port trade, the Government will take such steps as may be necessary to enable the International Customs Tariffs Bureau to do this work more efficiently than is at present the case?
    Mr. W. GRAHAM: I am aware that there is frequently considerable delay in the publication of Customs tariffs by the Bureau, but that body, nevertheless, per forms a very useful function in publishing the tariffs of the different countries in a number of languages for purposes of reference. I would explain that the Bureau does not aim at meeting the day-to-day requirements of traders and could, indeed, not do so without an increase of staff and consequent large increase of expenditure, such as the several contracting States would not be likely to consider justified. For up-to-date information our traders must, I suggest, continue to rely on the detailed particulars published every week in the Board of Trade Journal, supplemented, where necessary, by inquiry of the Department of Overseas Trade.

    PIANOS (EXPORTATION).
    Mr. HARRISasked the President of the Board of Trade the number and declared values of British-made pianos ex ported from this country for the periods January to June in 1925 and 1929, respectively?
    Mr. W. GRAHAM: The exports of complete pianos of United Kingdom manufacture from this country, registered during the first six months of 1925, numbered 3,254, of a total declared value of £158,203, and, during the first six months of 1929, numbered 1,552, of a total declared value of £78,679.
    Mr. HARRIS: Are we to understand that there has been a drop in the export of pianos in spite of the imposition of the tariff?
    Mr. GRAHAM: There has certainly been during that period a heavy drop in exportations.
    Colonel HOWARD-BURY: Has there not been a great increase in the import of foreign pianos?

    RUSSIA.
    Mr. LOUIS SMITHasked the President of the Board of Trade whether, having regard to the fact that the resumption of diplomatic privilege has been urged principally in the interests of in creased trade with Russia, he will make an early appointment of a trade commissioner to Moscow?
    Mr. GILLETT (Secretary, Overseas Trade Department): I have been asked to reply. The appointment of a commercial secretary on the staff of His Majesty's Ambassador at Moscow is receiving consideration.
    Sir N. GRATTAN-DOYLEasked the President of the Board of Trade what percentage of total British exports were British exports to Russia, respectively, in the years 1910 to 1913 and 1920 to 1928?
    Mr. W. GRAHAM: As the answer contains a table of figures, I will, with the hon. Member's permission, circulate it in the OFFICIAL REPORT.
    Following is the answer:
    Owing to territorial changes, a strict comparison cannot be made between post war and pre-War years in respect of our exports to the area comprised within the Soviet Union (Russia).
    In the following table, the figures in column 2 for years up to and including 1920 relate to the former Russian Empire, and from 1920 to the Soviet Union (Russia), Finland, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. Column 3 gives figures relating to exports from the United Kingdom consigned to the Soviet Union (Russia).

    Exports of United Kingdom Produce and Manufactures consigned to the undermentioned Countries expressed as a percentage of the total of such exports to all destinations in the respective years.

    Year.

    Former Russian Empire.

    Soviet Union (Russia).

    (1)

    (2)

    (3)

    Per cent.

    Per cent.

    1910

    2·8

    —

    1911

    3·0

    —

    1912

    2·8

    —

    1913

    3·4

    —

    1920

    0·9

    —

    1921

    1·2*

    0·3

    1922

    1·2*

    0·5

    1923

    1·2*

    0·3

    1924

    1·4*

    0·5

    1925

    1·7*

    0·8

    1926

    1·6*

    0·9

    1927

    1·4*

    0·6

    1928

    1·2*

    0·4

    * Exports to the part of Poland formerly Russian and to Bessarabia, included in the figures for earlier years, are not included in the totals for 1920–1928, as they are not separately recorded.

    The figures given above for periods prior to 1st April, 1923, relate to the trade of the British Isles as a whole, and from that date they relate to the trade of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

    CLOCKS AND WATCHES.
    Mr. HARRISasked the President of the Board of Trade the number of complete clocks and watches, respectively, shown to have been manufactured in the United Kingdom during the year covered by the latest census of production; and the average numbers and values of complete clocks and complete watches, respectively, imported per annum calculated over the five years ending December, 1929?
    Mr. W. GRAHAM: As the answer is long and includes a number of figures,
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    I will, with the hon. Member's per mission, circulate it in the OFFICIAL REPORT.
    Mr. HARRIS: Is there not a very great decline in quantities?
    Mr. GRAHAM: In this case, perhaps the hon. Member will wait till he sees the long reply that I have prepared.
    Following is the answer:
    The particulars furnished in connection with the most recent Census of Production, relating to the year 1924, included the following for clocks and watches made in the United Kingdom:—

    Complete clocks, 118,000 (value, £210,000).

    Complete watches, 5,300 (value £66,000).

    In the case of watches, the number shown includes an estimate in respect of a small part of the output, the makers of which stated that they were unable to furnish this information.
    Time-booking clocks, electrically-controlled clocks, chronometers and complete watch movements were also made, the total number amounting to about 5,500, but separate particulars cannot be furnished, as it would involve the disclosure of the business of individual firms.
    In addition to the complete clocks, the information secured showed an output of 8,600 complete clock movements, valued at £20,000, some of which may have been purchased by clock makers and be duplicated in the figures relating to complete clocks. Duplication may, similarly, arise in respect of the complete watch movements referred to in the preceding paragraph.
    No information is available as to the extent to which imported movements or parts were used in the manufacture of the complete clocks and watches reported as made in the United Kingdom. It would appear that considerable numbers of imported movements were put into cases by or for merchants from whom returns were not obtained in connection with the Census.
    The following table shows the annual average number and declared value of complete clocks and watches, and movements therefor, imported into and retained in the United Kingdom during the years 1924 to 1928, inclusive.

    Number.

    Declared Value.

    £

    Clocks, complete

    3,412,900

    621,800

    Clock movements, complete

    619,100

    93,300

    Watches complete

    4,072,100

    973,300

    Watch movements, complete

    270,500

    123,200

    IMPERIAL PREFERENCE.
    Sir N. GRATTAN-DOYLEasked the President of the Board of Trade in respect of each Dominion giving preferential treatment to imports of British manufactures, what is the minimum percentage of British labour and material required in the product for its entry under the preferential Empire tariff?
    Mr. W. GRAHAM: In the Union of South Africa and the Irish Free State the minimum percentage is 25 per cent.; in Canada and New Zealand, 50 per cent.; and in Australia, 75 per cent., unless the goods are of a kind not commercially manufactured in Australia, in which event 25 per cent. only is necessary. I ought to add that, both in New Zealand and Australia, United Kingdom manufactures are entitled to preference with out any regard to percentage qualifications, if the only foreign element consists of materials of kinds specified in certain published lists.
    Mr. W. THORNE: Have the right hon. Gentleman's efforts to persuade other countries to reduce their tariffs met with any success?
    Captain PETER MACDONALDasked the President of the Board of Trade what percentage of Canadian labour and material in motor cars exported from Canada to this country is required in order to obtain entry under Empire preferential duty?
    Mr. GRAHAM: Motor cars consigned from Canada to this country are entitled to the preferential rate of duty if at least 25 per cent. of their total value is the result of labour within the British Empire. In calculating this proportion there may be included under the head of labour the cost to the manufacturer of any materials of purely Empire origin.

    CONSUMERS' COUNCIL.
    Mr. BEAUMONTasked the President of the Board of Trade whether he will consider appointing representatives of producers and distributors on the pro posed Consumers' Committee in order to procure the maximum amount of agreement before action is decided on?
    Mr. W. GRAHAM: The composition of the Consumers' Council will receive most careful consideration. At this stage, I am unable to add anything to the statement I made on 5th November.

  SCOTLAND.

    STEAMSHIP "LOCHNESS."
    Mr. HARDIEasked the President of the Board of Trade why the Certificate P. 1 of the steamship "Lochness" was dropped from 1,200 to 900 passengers?
    Mr. W. GRAHAM: This vessel's ordinary certificate allows 400 passengers within certain geographical limits in the West Highland trade. No certificate permitting the conveyance of either 1,200 or 900 passengers has been issued, but during fair holidays in July a special certificate was granted allowing 690 passengers within partially smooth water limits of the River Clyde.

    LAND DRAINAGE BILL.
    Major Sir ARCHIBALD SINCLAIRasked the Secretary of State for Scot land when he proposes to introduce a Land Drainage Bill for Scotland?
    The SECRETARY of STATE for SCOTLAND (Mr. William Adamson): I hope to introduce a Bill at a very early date.

    HARBOUR DUES AND DEBTS.
    Sir A. SINCLAIRasked the Secretary of State for Scotland whether he is in a position to state the intentions of the Government with regard to the reduction promised in the Budget of this year of Scottish harbour dues?
    Mr. W. ADAMSON: The matter is under careful consideration in connection with other questions affecting the fishing industry but I cannot yet make any statement on the subject.
    Sir A. SINCLAIR: Surely the right hon. Gentleman does not mean that he has to await the report of the Fisheries Committee which has recently been appointed. Can he indicate when we are likely to hear what are the intentions of the Government in this matter?
    Mr. ADAMSON: When I was considering this question, I had not the report of the Fisheries Committee in mind at all.
    Mr. BOOTHBY: Is not the right hon. Gentleman aware that this was a practically separate proposal in the Budget of last year which was supposed to come into operation at the time of the derating scheme in October last; and is he ever going to be able to make any statement about the fishing industry?
    Mr. ADAMSON: I hope to make a statement.
    Mr. BOOTHBY: When?
    Sir A. SINCLAIRasked the Chancellor of the Exchequer if he will publish a Return showing the amount of the debt due to the Exchequer from every fishery harbour in Scotland, and also the amount which the Government proposes to remit?
    The FINANCIAL SECRETARY to the TREASURY (Mr. Pethick-Lawrence): I will publish a Return as soon as possible.
    Mr. BOOTHBY: When does the hon. Member think that he will be able to publish it? [Interruption.] We have been waiting for it for months.
    Mr. PETHICK-LAWRENCE: If the hon. Member will put down a question on that point he will get an answer.
    Mr. BOOTHBY: I have done so several times.

    AFFORESTATION (EMPLOYMENT).
    Major POLEasked the Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade, as representing the Forestry Commission, how many men are at present engaged by his Department with works of afforestation; how many of these are temporary workers drawn from the distressed areas; how many are permanently settled on small holdings in connection with forestry work; if he will state how many
    1710
    men drawn from distressed areas have been settled on small holdings by the Commission; and whether such persons are able by work at afforestation on their holdings to maintain their wives and families?
    The PARLIAMENTARY SECRETARY to the BOARD of TRADE (Mr. W. R. Smith): The Forestry Commission are at present employing 2,295 men, 38 women and 302 juveniles. It is not known how many of these are temporary workers drawn from the distressed areas. 620 of the men occupy forest workers' holdings, and the families of some of them are also employed. 59 ex-miners occupying holdings are from the distressed areas scheduled by the Ministry of Labour. The Commissioners are of opinion that the tenants of forest workers' holdings, with the wages which they earn on afforestation work, supplemented by the produce of their holdings, should be in a better position to maintain their wives and families than workers on the land who have no holdings. Some of the exminers have been assisted to tide over temporary difficulties incidental to the cultivation of new holdings.
    Mr. LAWTHER: Is the right hon. Gentleman aware of the intense dissatisfaction that exists on the part of the transferred miners?
    Mr. SMITH: I am aware that there is dissatisfaction. The whole question of wages is under consideration.
    Mr. DAY: What are the wages?

    BRITISH ARMY.

      IMPERIAL WAR GRAVES COMMISSION (PAY AND ALLOWANCES).
      Sir KENYON VAUGHAN-MORGANasked the Secretary of State for War whether he is aware that the present rates of pay and allowances granted to the British staff employed by the Imperial War Graves Commission in Northern France and Belgium are below the rates prevailing five years ago; that the cost of living in these countries has substantially increased in recent years, and that some of the necessaries of life have doubled in price; and whether, in the circumstances, he will cause full inquiry to be made with a view to more satisfactory rates of pay and conditions of service being fixed?
      The SECRETARY of STATE for WAR (Mr. T. Shaw): The only general reduction that has taken place during the last five years has been in respect of special allowances, which were intended to meet the altogether exceptional conditions of living in Northern France and Belgium which prevailed for some time after the War. The Commission are aware of the recent rise in the cost of living, as shown by the figures published by the French and Belgian Governments, but I am in formed that, in spite of the rise that has taken place, the cost of living in Northern France and Belgium is still appreciably lower than at home. I will bring the hon. and gallant Member's question to the notice of my colleagues on the Commission.
      Mr. D. G. SOMERVILLE: Is it not a fact that the workers employed by the Imperial War Graves Commission in Northern France and Belgium are well treated and very well satisfied?
      Mr. SHAW: I believe the workers are treated tolerably decently, though I am always willing to bring before the Com mission any representation that is made. I may also say the work done by these men is beyond all praise.

      FOOD SUPPLIES.
      Viscount WOLMERasked the Secretary of State for War whether he is taking any steps to promote the consumption of meat, fruit, and vegetables sold under the national-mark scheme in the Army, and in the Navy, Army, and Air Force institutes?
      Mr. SHAW: As regards meat, I would refer the Noble Lord to the answer given on the 4th instant by my right hon. Friend the Minister of Agriculture to the hon. Member for Horncastle, of which I am sending him a copy. As regards fruit and vegetables covered by the scheme, purchases direct by the War Department are, I understand, comparatively small, but I will look into the matter in consultation with my right hon. Friend the Minister of Agriculture. Purchases made by the Navy, Army and Air Force institutes are not under the control of the War Department, but I will draw the attention of the Board of Management to the Noble Lord's question.
      Mr. DIXEY: May we take it that the right hon. Gentleman will, as far as possible, insist upon Army vegetables being bought from British producers?
      Mr. SHAW: I cannot add anything to the answer that I have given.
      Captain CROOKSHANKasked the Secretary of State for War how much German bounty-fed wheat has been bought during the last four months for the use of troops stationed in the United Kingdom?
      Mr. SHAW: Wheat is not purchased as such for Army use, and there is no information available as to the origin of the wheat from which the bread sup plied to the troops is made.

      BRITISH TROOPS, PALESTINE.
      Lieut.-Commander KENWORTHYasked the Secretary of State for War when, and in what numbers, regular British troops were removed from Pales tine since the assumption of the man date and prior to the recent outrages?
      Mr. SHAW: When the Mandate for Palestine came into force officially on 29th September, 1923, there was one company of a British infantry battalion in Palestine, which had been sent there temporarily from Egypt and which returned to Egypt in March, 1924. During March, 1924, a British cavalry regiment was sent from Egypt to Palestine. This regiment, after returning temporarily to Egypt from January, 1925, to August, 1925, was finally withdrawn from Palestine to Egypt on 10th February, 1926. Since that date until the recent disturbances there have been no Army units in Palestine other than a small signal unit, which has been stationed there since August, 1924, and is attached to the Royal Air Force.
      Lieut. - Commander KENWORTHY: That means, then, that the last Government reduced the garrison in Palestine?
      Sir HERBERT SAMUEL: When the regular forces were withdrawn, was a battalion of British gendarmarie stationed in Palestine, and when was that withdrawn?
      Mr. SHAW: I must ask for notice of that question; I have not the details in my head.

      RESERVE OF OFFICERS (RECRUITING).
      Mr. GRAHAM WHITEasked the Secretary of State for War if it is his intention to introduce new conditions for recruiting the reserve of officers from the ranks of school officers' training corps; and, if so, will he state the nature of them?
      Mr. SHAW: Certain proposals are at present under discussion with the educational authorities, but their consideration must necessarily take some time. The matter is one with which I hope to deal in my speech on next year's Estimates.
      Mr. MANDER: Will one of the conditions for enrolment in the Officers' Training Corps be that they shall only be on a purely voluntary basis?
      Mr. SHAW: I think the hon. Member must take the answer that I gave, which is that that question is receiving consideration, and I Hope to deal with it after consideration.

      VICTORIA CROSS PENSIONS.
      Mr. ALLENasked the Secretary of State for War whether, in view of the distressed circumstances of numerous holders of the Victoria Cross, His Majesty's Government will consider in creasing the nominal pension attaching to this decoration by a gratuitous allowance in all necessitous cases?
      Mr. SHAW: Provision already exists for increasing Victoria Cross pensions up to £75 a year including other pensions from public funds, where the recipients are unable to earn a livelihood by reason of age or medical infirmity. I am sending the hon. Member a copy of the regulations governing the matter, and if he has a specific case in mind and will send me particulars I shall be happy to investigate it.
      Lieut.-Colonel Sir A. LAMBERT WARD: Does this additional pension imply a test for means?
      Mr. SHAW: I think it is evident that the custom which has been followed for the last few years does really imply a question of means. There has been no change in method.

      CHURCH PARADES (SIDE ARMS).
      Mr. THURTLEasked the Secretary of State for War if his attention has been drawn to the fact that this year the
      1714
      Royal Air Force has discontinued the practice of wearing side arms on church parade; and if he will consider making a similar change so far as the Army is concerned?
      Mr. SHAW: I am inquiring into the practice of the Navy and Air Force in this matter and will consider the question further when I have the full facts before me.
      Mr. THURTLE: Does my right hon. Friend agree that bayonets and religion make a strange mixture?

      WALTHAM ABBEY FACTORY (EMPLOYÉ S).
      Mr. KELLYasked the Financial Secretary to the War Office the number of men, women and youths employed at the Waltham Abbey factory in September and October of this year?
      The FINANCIAL SECRETARY to the WAR OFFICE (Mr. Shinwell): The numbers of civilian employés at the Royal Gunpowder Factory, Waltham Abbey, on 1st September and 1st October, were 279 and 280 respectively. These figures include in each case four male employés under 21 years of age and one woman.
      Mr. KELLY: Do the young people who are engaged upon explosives work in the danger buildings?
      Mr. SHINWELL: No.

    ELECTORAL LAW.
    Mr. FOOTasked the Prime Minister if his attention has been drawn to the proceedings in relation to the Plymouth (Drake Division) election petition and the comments of the Judges upon the existing law in relation to corrupt practices; and whether he will ask the proposed Committee on Electoral Reform to consider the full Report of the petition proceedings so that suggestions might be made, if deemed advisable, for dealing with existing anomalies?
    The PRIME MINISTER (Mr. Ramsay MacDonald): Yes, Sir. I am aware of the proceedings in this case, but I do not think it necessary that I should draw the special attention of the Electoral Conference to the proceedings.
    Mr. FOOT: Is the right hon. Gentleman aware that the judges there did ask that in certain particulars the law of

    1715
    corrupt practices should be brought up to date, having regard to modern practice?
    The PRIME MINISTER: The hon. Member must be perfectly well aware that, if any party in this House wishes to draw the attention of this Committee to any experiences of the last election, it is able to do so.
    Major NATHANasked the Prime Minister the present position as regards the promised Committee on Electoral Reform?
    The PRIME MINISTER: The Committee is still in process of being set up.

    AGRICULTURE (GOVERNMENT POLICY).
    Viscount WOLMERasked the Prime Minister whether he will reconsider his decision that the Minister of Agriculture should not be afforded an opportunity of explaining the agricultural policy of the Government until his Departmental Estimates are debated?
    The PRIME MINISTER: I have nothing to add to the answer which I gave on the 7th November to the hon. Member for Eye (Mr. Granville).
    Viscount WOLMER: In view of the fact that those Estimates cannot possibly be taken until April, will the Prime Minister take an opportunity of explaining what he meant when he told the electors last May—[Interruption.]
    Mr. BOOTHBY: In view of the fact that the Minister of Agriculture is reported to have a policy for agriculture, could he issue it in the form of a White Paper?
    The PRIME MINISTER: I answered that question the last time I was questioned on the subject.

    DEATH DUTIES (BEQUESTS TO CHARITIES).
    Commander SOUTHBYasked the Chancellor of the Exchequer whether he will consider the introduction of legislation to provide that bequests to charities shall only pay the same rate of death
    1716
    duties as bequests to near relatives, and not the high rate of duty charged on be quests to persons not related to the testator by blood?
    Mr. PETHICK-LAWRENCE: My right hon. Friend will bear in mind the hon. and gallant Member's suggestion, but he cannot hold out any hope of adopting it.
    Commander SOUTHBY: Is the hon. Gentleman aware that this present system presses particularly hard upon the poor and distressed who benefit from these charities?
    Mr. PETHICK-LAWRENCE: I will put the hon. and gallant Member's point to my right hon. Friend.

    SERVICE OFFICERS (PAY).
    Commander SOUTHBYasked the Chancellor of the Exchequer whether, in view of the fact that the bonus paid to civil servants on account of the increased cost of living, which was due to be revised on the 1st September, has been continued for a further six months, he will consider applying the same principle to officers of the Navy, Army and Air Force, whose pay is also subject to revision under the arrangement of 1919; and whether he will consider stabilising the rates of pay in the Navy, Army and Air Force at their present rates?
    Mr. PETHICK-LAWRENCE: The rates of pay of officers of the Navy, Army and Air Force are due to be revised as from the 1st July next. It can be predicted that the existing basis of revision will require the reduction from standard rates, which has been 6 per cent. since 1927, to be increased to 8 per cent. After full consideration of the circumstances the Government has decided that the reduction shall be limited to 7 per cent. for a period of 12 months from the 1st July next, after which the matter will be further considered.
    Commander SOUTHBY: Observing that naval officers are at a particular disadvantage with regard to the other Services in that they get no marriage allowance, will the hon. Gentleman re consider the question as it particularly affects them?
    Viscountess ASTOR: Will the hon. Gentleman get his Government to look into the question of naval officers?
    Mr. PETHICK-LAWRENCE: The Noble Lady's question deals with a separate subject which requires notice. As to the first question, my right hon. Friend will, no doubt, consider the point raised.
    Mr. HORE-BELISHA: Is the hon. Gentleman aware that it is unfair to apply the ordinary cost-of-living figure to the Navy, Army and Air Force, because the figures which really operate are the figures in regard to the cost of education?

    LOCAL LOANS FUND (INTEREST CHARGES).
    Mr. GRAHAM WHITEasked the Chancellor of the Exchequer if the recent increase in the rates of interest charge able on housing and other loans granted from the Local Loans Fund will be can celled, in view of the reduction in the bank rate?
    Mr. PETHICK-LAWRENCE: No, Sir. The rate of interest charged on loans from the Local Loans Fund is fixed by reference to the cost of financing the fund by the issue of long-term stock and not by reference to changes in the bank rate.
    Mr. WHITE: Is it the intention of the Government to reduce these charges at the earliest possible moment?
    Mr. PETHICK-LAWRENCE: The Treasury is compelled by a Statute to charge such a rate as will cover the Crown against loss, and no doubt, when that can be down at a lower rate, the matter will be considered.
    Mr. WHITE: The Crown do not, I suppose, make a profit out of it?

    LORD NELSON'S HEIRS AND SUCCESSORS (PENSION).
    Mr. FOOTasked the Chancellor of the Exchequer the total amount paid by the Treasury to date in respect of the pension granted to the heirs and successors of Lord Nelson?
    Mr. PETHICK-LAWRENCE: £5,000 per annum from the 21st October, 1805, to the present date.
    Mr. COCKS: Can the hon. Gentleman say whether any of these gentlemen are direct descendants of Lord Nelson?
    Mr. PETHICK-LAWRENCE: I am afraid I must ask for notice of that question.

    INTERNATIONAL BANK.
    Mr. BRACKENasked the Chancellor of the Exchequer the policy of the Government regarding the proposed international bank?
    Mr. CHURCHILL: Before the Financial Secretary answers Question 52, may I ask whether any misadventure has occurred to the Chancellor of the Exchequer, seeing that he is not in his place on the particular day reserved for questions to the Chancellor of the Exchequer, to answer questions of grave importance, affecting not only his Department but questions of public policy?
    Mr. PETHICK-LAWRENCE: If the right hon. Gentleman had been a little more patient, when the question about which he is particularly anxious comes on I was going to make a statement that will fully satisfy him.
    In reply to Question Number 52, I would refer the hon. Member to the answer given on the 5th November to the hon. Member for Wolverhampton, East (Mr. Mander), of which I am sending him a copy.
    Mr. BRACKEN: May I ask whether the House is to have an opportunity of discussing the proposal before the Government give sanction to it?
    Mr. PETHICK-LAWRENCE: That question does not arise.

    FINANCE AND INDUSTRY (COMMITTEE).
    Mr. McSHANEasked the Chancellor of the Exchequer whether he will consider favourably the appointment of a representative of the Bank Officers' Guild to the Committee of Inquiry into Finance and Industry?
    Mr. PETHICK - LAWRENCE: The members of the Committee were chosen for their personal and general qualifications and my right hon. Friend does not regard them as the representatives of

    1719
    particular interests. It would have been impossible in an inquiry of such scope and character to appoint representatives of all the organisations and interests which may be in some degree affected. My right hon. Friend has no doubt that the Committee will be prepared to give most careful consideration to any views which representative organisations may wish to express on matters within the scope of the inquiry.
    Mr. MORLEY: Will the proceedings of the Committee be published?
    Mr. PETHICK-LAWRENCE: I should want notice of that question.

    CONVERSION LOAN.
    The following Questions stood upon the Order Paper:
    Mr. JOWETT: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer whether, in offering five per cent. for 14 years to investors in the new conversion loan, he has done so in the expectation that the rate of interest will rise and not fall in future years; and, if not, on what other grounds he has engaged to pay the high rate of five per cent. for the new loan?
    Sir HUGH O'NEILL: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer (1) the amount by which British Government securities listed on the Stock Exchange have depreciated since the first public announcement of the issue of the Five per cent. Conversion Loan;
    (2) what was the nature of the under writing contracts entered into by the Government in connection with the Five per cent. Conversion Loan; what was the rate of commission granted; what sum of money has been, or will be, paid on commission; and was there any stipulation restricting the sale of the stock underwritten;
    (3) what is the maximum amount of cash subscriptions to the Five per cent. Conversion Loan which would lead to the closing of the lists before the extinction of the time for their remaining open?
    Sir ASSHETON POWNALL: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer (1) what is the total amount of com-
    1720
    mission paid or rebate given in connection with the placing firm of the new Conversion Loan; and to whom the opportunity was given;
    (2) whether he will give instructions that in future, in the event of Government loans being in any way under written, that fact will be stated on the original prospectus?
    Captain EDEN: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer (1) what principle was adopted in selecting those persons to whom an offer of stock was made at 99½ in the Five per cent. Con version Loan issue;
    (2) on how many occasions since 1900 a Government loan has been under written; what was the reason that actuated the Government to underwrite the Five per cent. Conversion Loan, 1944–64; and why the fact that £30,000,000 of the loan had been placed firm was not mentioned in the prospectus;
    (3) whether, in placing £30,000,000 of the Five per cent. Conversion stock firm at 99½, he took steps to find out whether those persons who took it were in fact permanent investors?
    Mr. RAMSBOTHAM: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer (1) for what reason it was decided to issue a prospectus of Conversion Five per cent. 1944–64, dated 2nd November, and subsequently, on 6th November, to make an official announcement with regard to Five and a half per cent. Treasury Bonds to bearer which alters the terms and conditions affecting the original prospectus;
    (2) whether any guarantee was demanded or given that those persons who took firm stock of Conversion 1944–64 5 per cent. at 99½ would not sell it for a given period and, if so, what was the extent of that period, and that they would not sell it under the price of 100, the issue price to the public?
    Mr. TINNE: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer whether, with regard to the recent issue of the Five per cent. Conversion Stock, he will state in what respect the methods of issuing this stock differed from methods previously employed; and why such change, if any, was made?
    Sir LAMING WORTHINGTON-EVANS: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer (1) what are the precedents

    1721
    for payment of a commission by the Government for firm subscriptions to a Government loan in advance of the public issue; and whether in every such case a disclosure of such payment was made in the prospectus;
    (2) whether the subscribers to the Five per cent. Conversion Loan to whom 10s. per cent. is to be paid for firm subscriptions will also be entitled to the 2s. 6d. per cent. commission referred to in the prospectus?
    Mr. STUART: To ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer why no mention was made in the prospectus for 5 per cent. Conversion Loan, 1944 to 1964, of the conversion rights from 5½ per cent. Treasury Bonds to bearer due 15th May, 1930?
    Mr. JOWETT: I beg to ask question No. 55.
    Mr. PETHICK-LAWRENCE rose—
    Mr. CHURCHILL: Are we not to have an answer from the Chancellor of the Exchequer, now that he is here?
    The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER (Mr. Philip Snowden): I understand that the right hon. Gentleman has been inquiring why I was not in my place. I have been attending the ceremony of the appointment of Sheriffs, and it was not possible for me to be here earlier. I can assure the right hon. Gentleman that my absence was not due to the fear of facing him.
    Mr. CHURCHILL: Perhaps I may be allowed to say that I accept the statement of the right hon. Gentleman, and the only question I have to ask is why did not the Financial Secretary state the reason before?
    Mr. PETHICK-LAWRENCE: If the right hon. Gentleman had not interrupted me when I rose to answer question 55, he would have heard the answer. The answer is as follows:
    "The Chancellor of the Exchequer has had to attend the pricking of Sheriffs at the Law Courts, but he will be in his place shortly. In any case, it will perhaps be for the convenience of the House, if, with your permission, Mr. Speaker, all the questions dealing with the Conversion Loan were answered in a statement by my right hon. Friend at the end of Questions."
    Mr. SPEAKER: Perhaps the Chancellor of the Exchequer will make his statement now.
    Mr. CHURCHILL: In answer to what question?
    Mr. SPEAKER: In answer to question 55.
    Mr. SNOWDEN: With your permission, Mr. Speaker, I should like to make a statement incorporating the replies to all the questions which appear on the Order Paper in regard to the Conversion Loan. As I have previously stated, in order to ensure the subscription of a sum sufficient to meet the maturities of £30 millions in January and February next I obtained guaranteed subscriptions to the new loan for the required amount.
    The placing of contracts in the present case which were not an ordinary under writing transaction, guarantees the subscription in cash of applications amounting to £30 million in terms of the prospectus in consideration of the receipt by the applicant of a commission of ½ per cent. upon the amount of stock applied for, and the subscribers were not required to submit to any such condition as a restriction on sale. The regular City practice is to entrust to a broker the task of securing guaranteed applications and he is given full discretion as to the per sons, firms and companies with whom contracts are made, subject only to his being satisfied that they are of such financial standing as is necessary to en sure the due fulfilment of the contracts. This practice was followed on the present occasion and the broker was, of course, the Government broker, the only variation in the practice being that in respect of these guaranteed subscriptions the customary brokerage payable on allotments made through a stockbroker was reduced from 1/8th to 1/16th per cent. The total amount of commission to be paid in respect of the guaranteed applications for £30 million is £150,000, and the brokerage £18,750; the normal broker age charge of 1/8th per cent. on the remainder of the loan in respect of applications bearing the stamp of banks or stockbrokers cannot of course be determined beforehand.
    These arrangements for placing part of the issue firm could not be made until the day following the publication of the prospectus, lest there might be premature leakage of information; they there fore could not be mentioned in it.

    1723
    Various issues abroad were under written during the War, notably issues in the United States in 1916, totalling 550 million dollars at commissions of 1 per cent. and 1½ per cent.; and in 1920, 1921 and 1922, four issues of Local Loans stock for the nominal value of £80 millions, were underwritten at a commission equivalent to nearly 1 per cent. on the issue price.
    Loans guaranteed by the British Government, including Trade Facilities Issues and certain Colonial Loans are always underwritten; the commission being usually not less than 17s. 6d. per cent.
    Except in the case of guaranteed loans raised by companies incorporated under the Companies Acts, the underwriting arrangements have not been mentioned in the prospectus.
    These precedents are precedents for underwriting proper, and are in that sense more far-reaching than my arrangement for placing a portion of the new loan firm. There are also some precedents dating back to 1901 and 1902 for placing part of a new issue firm. But in reaching my decision on the present occasion I was not influenced by precedents, for, as I have already stated, it is the exception rather than the rule to make arrangements of this character in the case of a Government issued loan. I was influenced by the difficulties of the period through which we have been passing; the imminence of the date of the maturity which I covered, and in an especial degree by the results of the Government issue of a year ago, when the subscriptions and conversions obtained fell short of the maturities which were then in prospect, with the result that the floating debt was increased by a figure exceeding £50 millions. Having regard to the figure at which the floating debt now stands, I could not risk any mishap upon the present occasion.
    The offer to receive 5½ per cent. Treasury Bonds in lieu of cash was in tended to secure a reduction in the amount of the Bonds without necessarily committing the Government to the con version on these terms of the whole of the Bonds outstanding. As this was subsidiary to and not a primary object of the issue it was thought better to make the offer separately. I cannot accept the implication contained in one of the ques-
    1724
    tions addressed to me that this subsequent offer altered the terms of the prospectus.
    Apart from these matters, the reasons for which I have explained, there were no changes of method adopted in connection with the present issue.
    I have I think embraced in this review all the questions addressed to me except three which I will now deal with.
    I have been asked the amount of cash subscriptions which would lead to closing of the lists. I hall be pleased to answer any questions when the operations are terminated, but I do not think that a request for advance information of this character has ever been pressed in this House.
    I would ask also to be excused from attempting to calculate the variation in the quoted value of Government securities since the issue of the prospectus for I do not think that any serious value attaches to such a calculation.
    I have also been asked my reason for offering 5 per cent. for the new loan. I cannot prophesy the course of future interest rates, though naturally I hope that it will be downwards. The necessity for borrowing now is that we must prevent our swollen floating debt from being further increased by maturities which are close at hand. The terms of borrowing are necessarily governed by conditions at the moment.
    Mr. BRACKEN: Will the Chancellor of the Exchequer give us a list of the recipients of the large sum of money paid out in underwriting?
    Mr. SNOWDEN: No large sum of money has been paid, because the loan has not been underwritten; the operation has been carried out by the Government broker.
    Sir H. O'NEILL: Is it not the case that there has been a very heavy depreciation in the case of Government securities since the loan was issued and does not that show that the right hon. Gentleman has offered an extraordinarily fine investment to the investing public but at an unnecessary cost to the State?
    Mr. SNOWDEN: There is no doubt that it is a very favourable opportunity for investors, but I have explained the special circumstances of the time and the reasons

    1725
    for it. The right hon. Member surely knows that no importance can be attached to the fall of some of the Government stock during the last three or four days, and, if he will put that question to me in three weeks' time, I may be able to give him a very different answer.
    Captain EDEN: May I ask the right hon. Gentleman whether it is not a fact that as a result of these curious arrangements this stock was actually being offered below par before the public had a chance to subscribe for it?
    Mr. SNOWDEN: I understand that a rumour to that effect has been floating about the City, but the Bank of England have made inquiries on this matter and cannot trace a single case of that sort.
    Captain EDEN: May I ask whether it is, and will in the future be the policy of the Socialist Government to offer loans to rich banking corporations at a lower rate than to ordinary small investors?
    Mr. SNOWDEN: I can give no pledge as to what the policy will be, but as long as I have any responsibility in the matter my purpose and object will always be to place Government loans on the most favourable terms.
    Mr. MACPHERSON: On Tuesday of last week, Mr. Speaker, I asked for your guidance on the subject of Scottish questions which appear on the Order Paper. To-day, I find the difficulty almost as bad as it was when I raised this question—
    Mr. W. J. BROWN: On a point of Order—
    Mr. ERNEST BROWN: On another point of Order.
    Mr. SPEAKER: Does the hon. Member for West Wolverhampton (Mr. W. J. Brown) wish to raise a point of Order?
    Mr. W. J. BROWN: Yes. During the questions which were addressed to the Chancellor of the Exchequer on the Treasury issue I rose in my place five times to put a question on that matter to the right hon. Gentleman. I do not know whether the light is dim in this quarter of the Chamber, but I should greatly appreciate the privilege of being allowed to put a question from this side of the House to the right hon. Gentle man.
    Mr. SPEAKER: I was coming to the hon. Member all in due course, but the right hon. Member for Ross and Cromarty (Mr. Macpherson) started a fresh hare.
    Mr. W. J. BROWN: The question I desire to put is this: First, why was it that the Post Office prospectus in connection with this new issue was not allowed to be issued publicly until 6th November while the Bank of England issue was advertised in the Press on 4th November; secondly, why has there been imposed in connection with Post Office transactions in this issue the over-riding maximum amount of £1,000; and, thirdly, why has it been provided that if holders of 5 per cent. War Stock and 5½ per cent. Treasury Bonds, 1930, desire to convert their Post Office registered holdings of more than £1,000 they must first purchase an equivalent amount of new issue, thereby being driven to transfer their holdings from the State-owned Savings Bank to the privately-owned Bank of England?
    Mr. SNOWDEN: Not one of these questions arises out of the question on the Paper. If the hon. Member is anxious for information on these matters, the importance of which in the public interest I recognise, will he be good enough to put down a question on the Paper.

QUESTIONS TO MINISTERS.
Mr. MACPHERSON: A week ago to-day I raised the question of the position given to Scottish questions on the Order Paper. I hoped, from the words that you spoke from the Chair, that something would have been done by this week, but my colleagues and I find that we are almost in as great a difficulty now as we were a week ago. Once again, therefore, I ask for your guidance as to whether it would not be possible, on one day at least in the week, for Scottish questions to have a position on the Paper which would render it possible for them to be answered orally? It has always been the case in the past, since I have been in the House, that one day a week Scottish questions got a place on the Paper that would ensure their being reached. Every Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury has so arranged things.

1727
My humble submission is that, now we are in a time of peace and disarmament is in the air, Scottish questions should come before questions to the Secretary of State for War. The remedy is a perfectly simple one, and I feel sure that it would be consulting the interests of all Scottish Members if on an occasion like this you used your influence to ensure us a proper place on the Order Paper.
Mr. HARDIE: I have always made my claim on behalf of Scottish business in this House. The time given to Scottish business has never been quite sufficient, in my opinion and in that of my colleagues. At Question Time Scottish questions are repeatedly snowed under, and the idea prevails that Scotland is some thing less than England. We Scottish Members do not agree to that, and will not agree as long as Scotsmen like myself and others are in the House. Something ought to be done in order to give Scotland a fair show.
Mr. SKELTON: Are you aware, Mr. Speaker, that in the whole course of this Parliament there have been not more than 10 Scottish questions answered orally, and in view of the complete in activity of the Scottish Office we are anxious that the matter should be raised.
Mr. McSHANE: Is it not enough that Scotland supplies us with Prime Ministers?
Mr. SPEAKER: Various questions have been put to me. I told the right hon. Gentleman the Member for Ross and Cromarty (Mr. Macpherson) last week that I fully realised that Scottish Members were suffering from a grievance. I can assure him and the House that I had not forgotten the subject, but I have been giving it most careful consideration and have been communicating with the various Departments concerned. So far I have not reached a solution, but I am by no means without hope that very shortly it will be possible to make a more satisfactory arrangement.
Sir WILLIAM DAVISON: Would it not be in the interests of all parties if we had an extra quarter of an hour for questions?
Mr. SPEAKER: I do not think that suggestion need be considered at present.

BILLS PRESENTED.
  PROTECTION OF ANIMALS BILL,
  "to extend the operation of the enactments relating to the protection of animals kept in captivity or confinement and released for the purpose of being hunted or coursed," presented by Mr. Foot; supported by Mr. Barr, Mr. Norman Birkett, Mr. Ernest Brown, Mr. David Grenfell, Mr. Hore-Belisha, Mr. James Hudson, Mr. Leif Jones, Sir Robert New man, Mr. Runciman, Mr. Thurtle, and Mr. Graham White; to be read a Second time upon Monday next, and to be printed. [Bill 62.]
  UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE (No. 2) BILL,
  "to amend the Unemployment Insurance Acts, 1920 to 1929, presented by Miss Bondfield; supported by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Attorney-General, and Mr. Lawson; to be read a Second time upon Monday next, and to be printed. [Bill 63.]

BUSINESS OF THE HOUSE.
Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: May I ask the Prime Minister how far it is proposed to go to-night in the discussions on the Contributory Pensions Bill?
The PRIME MINISTER: I rather regret that a Motion to suspend the Eleven o'clock Rule has had to be put on the Order Paper to-day. I have no desire to keep the House sitting late, but the business has to be got through with reasonable expedition. I am there fore much less interested in how far we will get to-day if the House would suit the convenience of both sides. What I should like to do is to get the Committee stage of the Bill by the end of the Thursday Sitting of this week. That is necessary in order that the Bill may, on account of its benefits coming into operation get to another place at the latest by Monday night—the end of the Monday sitting. If the Committee will get to the end of Clause 15 to-night, it would enable that to be done. If hon. Members will look closely at the Order Paper, they will see that that is not impossible, although looking merely at the Paper and its area it seems rather a big piece of work. It is not big in substance. I am only too glad to accommodate both sides of the House if an accommodation is possible.
Mr. REMER: Does the Prime Minister anticipate that there will be a sitting of the House to-morrow?
The PRIME MINISTER: A good deal depends on the hon. Member himself.
Motion made, and Question put,
"That the Proceedings on the Widows', Orphans', and Old Age Contributory Pensions Bill be exempted, at this day's Sitting, from the provisions of the Standing Order (Sittings of the House)."—[The Prime Minister.]
The House divided: Ayes, 300; Noes, 164.

Division No. 15.]

AYES.

[4.7 p.m.

Adamson, Rt. Hon. W. (Fife, West)

Gardner, B. W. (West Ham, Upton)

Lee, Jennie (Lanark, Northern)

Adamson, W. M. (Staff., Cannock)

Gardner, J. P. (Hammersmith, N.)

Lees, J.

Addison, Rt. Hon. Dr. Christopher

George, Rt. Hon. D. Lloyd (Car'vn)

Lewis, T. (Southampton)

Alexander, Rt. Hon. A. V. (Hillsbro')

George, Major G. Lloyd (Pembroke)

Lindley, Fred W.

Alpass, J. H.

Gibbins, Joseph

Lloyd, C. Ellis

Ammon, Charles George

Gill, T. H.

Longbottom, A. W.

Angell, Norman

Gillett, George M.

Longden, F.

Arnott, John

Glassey, A. E.

Lowth, Thomas

Aske, Sir Robert

Gosling, Harry

Lunn, William

Baker, John (Wolverhampton, Bilston)

Gossling, A. G.

Macdonald, Gordon (Ince)

Baldwin, Oliver (Dudley)

Gould, F.

MacDonald, Rt. Hon. J. R. (Seaham)

Barnes, Alfred John

Graham, Rt. Hon. Wm. (Edin., Cent.)

McElwee, A.

Barr, James

Greenwood, Rt. Hon. A. (Colne).

McEntee, V. L.

Batey, Joseph

Grenfell, D. R. (Glamorgan)

Mackinder, W.

Beckett, John (Camberwell, Peckham)

Griffith, F. Kingsley (Middlesbro' W.)

McKinlay, A.

Bellamy, Albert

Griffiths, T. (Monmouth, Pontypool)

MacLaren, Andrew

Benn, Rt. Hon. Wedgwood

Groves, Thomas E.

Maclean, Sir Donald (Cornwall, N.)

Bennett, Captain E. N. (Cardiff, Central)

Grundy, Thomas W.

Maclean, Nell (Glasgow, Govan)

Bennett, William (Battersea, South)

Hall, F. (York, W. R., Normanton)

MacNeill-Weir, L.

Benson, G.

Hall, G. H. (Merthyr Tydvil)

Macpherson, Rt. Hon. James I.

Bentham, Dr. Ethel

Hall, Capt. W. P. (Portsmouth, C.)

McShane, John James

Bevan, Aneurin (Ebbw Vale)

Hamilton, Mary Agnes (Blackburn)

Malone, C. L'Estrange (N'thampton)

Blinded, James

Hamilton, Sir R. (Orkney & Zetland)

Mander, Geoffrey le M.

Bondfield, Rt. Hon. Margaret

Hardie, George D.

Mansfield, W.

Bowen, J. W.

Hastings, Dr. Somerville

March, S.

Bowerman, Rt. Hon. Charles W.

Haycock, A. W.

Markham, S. F.

Broad, Francis Alfred

Hayday, Arthur

Marley, J.

Brockway, A. Fenner

Hayes, John Henry

Mathers, George

Bromley, J.

Henderson, Right Hon. A. (Burnley)

Matters, L. W.

Brothers, M.

Henderson, Arthur, junr. (Cardiff, S.)

Maxton, James

Brown, C. W. E. (Notts. Mansfield)

Henderson, Thomas (Glasgow)

Melville, J. B.

Brown, Ernest (Leith)

Henderson, W. W. (Middx., Enfield)

Messer, Fred

Brown, James (Ayr and Bute)

Herriotts, J.

Millar, J. D.

Brown, W. J. (Wolverhampton, West)

Hirst, G. H. (York W. R. Wentworth)

Mills, J. E.

Buchanan, G.

Hirst, W. (Bradford, South)

Milner, J.

Burgess, F. G.

Hoffman, P. C.

Montague, Frederick

Buxton, C. R. (Yorks, W. R. Elland)

Hollins, A.

Morgan, Dr. H. B.

Buxton, Rt. Hon. Noel (Norfolk, N.)

Hopkin, Daniel

Morley, Ralph

Caine, Derwent Hall-

Hore-Belisha, Leslie

Morris-Jones, Dr. J. H. (Denbigh)

Cape, Thomas

Horrabin, J. F.

Morrison, Herbert (Hackney, South)

Carter, W. (St. Pancras, S. W.)

Hudson, James H. (Huddersfield)

Morrison, Robert C. (Tottenham, N.)

Charleton, H. C.

Hunter, Dr. Joseph

Mort, D. L.

Chater, Daniel

Hutchison, Maj.-Gen. Sir R.

Moses, J. J. H.

Church, Major A. G.

Isaacs, George

Mosley, Lady C. (Stoke-on-Trent)

Cluse, W. S.

Jenkins, W. (Glamorgan, Neath)

Mosley, Sir Oswald (Smethwick)

Clynes, Rt. Hon. John R.

John, William (Rhondda, West)

Muggeridge, H. T.

Cocks, Frederick Seymour

Johnston, Thomas

Murnin, Hugh

Collins, Sir Godfrey (Greenock)

Jones, Henry Haydn (Merioneth)

Nathan, Major H. L.

Compton, Joseph

Jones, J. J. (West Ham, Silvertown)

Naylor, T. E.

Cowan, D. M.

Jones, Morgan (Caerphilly)

Noel Baker, P. J.

Daggar, George

Jones, T. I. Mardy (Pontypridd)

Oldfield, J. R.

Dallas, George

Jowett, Rt. Hon. F. W.

Oliver, P. M. (Man., Blackley)

Dalton, Hugh

Jowitt, Rt. Hon. W. A.

Owen, Major G. (Carnarvon)

Davies, E. C. (Montgomery)

Kedward, R. M. (Kent, Ashford)

Owen, H. F. (Hereford)

Davies, Rhys John (Westhoughton)

Kelly, W. T.

Palin, John Henry

Day, Harry

Kennedy, Thomas

Palmer, E. T.

Denman, Hon. R. D.

Kenworthy, Lt.-Com. Hon. Joseph M.

Perry, S. F.

Dickson, T.

Kinley, J.

Pethick-Lawrence, F. W.

Dudgeon, Major C. R.

Kirkwood, D.

Phillips, Dr. Marion

Dukes, C.

Knight, Holford

Picton-Tubervill, Edith

Duncan, Charles

Lambert, Rt. Hon. George (S. Molton)

Pole, Major D. G.

Ede, James Chuter

Lang, Gordon

Ponsonby, Arthur

Edge, Sir William

Lansbury, Rt. Hon. George

Potts, John S.

Edmunds, J. E.

Lathan, G.

Price, M. P.

Edwards, C. (Monmouth, Bedwellty)

Law, Albert (Bolton)

Pybus, Percy John

Egan, W. H.

Law, A. (Rosendale)

Quibell, D. J. K.

Elmley, Viscount

Lawrence, Susan

Ramsay, T. B. Wilson

England, Colonel A.

Lawrie, Hugh Hartley (Stalybridge)

Richards, R.

Evans, Capt. Ernest (Welsh Univer)

Lawson, John James

Richardson, R. (Houghton-le-Spring)

Foot, Isaac

Lawther, W. (Barnard Castle)

Riley, Ben (Dewsbury)

Forgan, Dr. Robert

Leach, W.

Riley, F. F. (Stockton-on-Tees)

Freeman, Peter

Lee, Frank (Derby, N. E.)

Ritson, J.

Robinson, Sir T. (Lancs, Stretford)

Smith, Frank (Nuneaton)

Wallhead, Richard C.

Romeril, H. G.

Smith, H. B. Lees (Keighley)

Watkins, F. C.

Rosbotham, D. S. T.

Smith, Rennie (Penistone)

Watson, W. M. (Dunfermline)

Rothschild, J. de

Smith, Tom (Pontefract)

Watts-Morgan, Lt.-Col. D. (Rhondda)

Rowson, Guy

Smith, W. R. (Norwich)

Wedgwood, Rt. Hon. Josiah

Russell, Richard John (Eddisbury)

Snowden, Rt. Hon. Philip

Wellock, Wilfred

Salter, Dr. Alfred

Snowden, Thomas (Accrington)

Welsh, James (Paisley)

Samuel, Rt. Hon. Sir H. (Darwen)

Sorensen, R.

Welsh, James C. (Coatbridge)

Samuel, H. W. (Swansea, West)

Spero, Dr. G. E.

West, F. R.

Sanders, W. S.

Stamford, Thomas W.

Westwood, Joseph

Sandham, E.

Stephen, Campbell

Wheatley, Rt. Hon. J.

Sawyer, G. F.

Stewart, J. (St. Rollox)

White, H. G.

Scott, James

Strachey, E. J. St. Loe

Whiteley, Wilfrid (Birm., Ladywood)

Scurr, John

Strauss, G. R.

Whiteley, William (Blaydon)

Sexton, James

Sullivan, J.

Wilkinson, Ellen C.

Shakespeare, Geoffrey H.

Sutton, J. E.

Williams, David (Swansea, East)

Shaw, Rt. Hon. Thomas (Preston)

Taylor, R. A. (Lincoln)

Williams, Dr. J. H. (Llanelly)

Shepherd, Arthur Lewis

Taylor, W. B. (Norfolk, S. W.)

Williams, T. (York, Don Valley)

Sherwood, G. H.

Thomas, Rt. Hon. J. H. (Derby)

Wilson, C. H. (Sheffield, Attercliffe)

Shield, George William

Thorne, W. (West Ham, Plaistow)

Wilson, J. (Oldham)

Shiels, Dr. Drummond

Thurtle, Ernest

Wilson, R. J. (Jarrow)

Shillaker, J. F.

Tinker, John Joseph

Winterton, G. E. (Leicester, Loughb'gh)

Shinwell, E.

Toole, Joseph

Wise, E. F.

Short, Alfred (Wednesbury)

Tout, W. J.

Wright, W. (Rutherglen)

Simmons, C. J.

Townend, A. E.

Young, R. S. (Islington, North)

Sinclair, Sir A. (Caithness)

Trevelyan, Rt. Hon. Sir Charles

Sinkinson, George

Turner, B.

TELLERS FOR THE AYES.—

Smith, Alfred (Sunderland)

Viant, S. P.

Mr. Allen Parkinson and Mr. Paling.

Smith, Ben (Bermondsey, Rotherhithe)

Walker, J.

NOES.

Acland-Troyte, Lieut.-Colonel

Forestier-Walker, Sir L.

Morden, Col. W. Grant

Albery, Irving James

Fremantle, Lieut.-Colonel Francis E.

Morrison, W. S. (Glos., Cirencester)

Allen, W. E. D. (Belfast, W.)

Ganzoni, Sir John

Morrison-Bell, Sir Arthur Clive

Amery, Rt. Hon. Leopold C. M. S.

Gault, Lieut.-Col. Andrew Hamilton

Muirhead, A. J.

Astor, Viscountess

Gibson, C. G. (Pudsey & Otley)

Newton, Sir D. G. C. (Cambridge)

Atholl, Duchess of

Gilmour, Lt.-Col. Rt. Hon. Sir John

Nicholson, Col. Rt. Hn. W. G. (Ptrsf'ld)

Atkinson, C.

Glyn, Major R. G. C.

Nield, Rt. Hon. Sir Herbert

Balniel, Lord

Gower, Sir Robert

Oman, Sir Charles William C.

Beamish, Rear-Admiral T. P. H.

Grace, John

O'Neill, Sir H.

Beaumont, M. W.

Graham, Fergus (Cumberland, N.)

Ormsby-Gore, Rt. Hon. William

Berry, Sir George

Grattan-Doyle, Sir N.

Peake, Capt. Osbert

Boothby, R. J. G.

Gritten, W. G. Howard

Penny, Sir George

Bourne, Captain Robert Croft

Gunston, Captain D. W.

Percy, Lord Eustace (Hastings)

Bowyer, Captain Sir George E. W.

Hacking, Rt. Hon. Douglas H.

Peto, Sir Basil E. (Devon, Barnstaple)

Bracken, B.

Hall, Lieut.-Col. Sir F. (Dulwich)

Pilditch, Sir Philip

Brass, Captain Sir William

Hammersley, S. S.

Pownall, Sir Assheton

Brown, Col. D. C. (N'th'l'd., Hexham)

Hanbury, C.

Purbrick, R.

Brown, Brig.-Gen. H. C. (Berks, Newb'y)

Hannon, Patrick Joseph Henry

Ramsbotham, H.

Buchan, John

Harvey, Major S. E. (Devon, Totnes)

Remer, John R.

Buckingham, Sir H.

Haslam, Henry C.

Rentoul, Sir Gervais S.

Bullock, Captain Malcolm

Heneage, Lieut.-Colonel Arthur P.

Roberts, Sir Samuel (Ecclesall)

Burton, Colonel H. W.

Herbert, S. (York, N. R., Scar. & Wh'by)

Ross, Major Ronald D.

Butler, R. A.

Hills, Major Rt. Hon. John Waller

Ruggles-Brise, Lieut.-Colonel E. A.

Castlestewart, Earl of

Hoare, Lt.-Col. Rt. Hon. Sir S. J. G.

Russell, Alexander West (Tynemouth)

Cautley, Sir Henry S.

Hope, Sir Harry (Forfar)

Salmon, Major I.

Cayzer, Sir C. (Chester, City)

Howard-Bury, Colonel C. K.

Samuel, A. M. (Surrey, Farnham)

Cazalet, Captain Victor A.

Hudson, Capt. A. U. M. (Hackney, N.)

Sandeman, Sir N. Stewart

Chadwick, Sir Robert Burton

Hunter-Weston, Lt.-Gen. Sir Aylmer

Savery, S. S.

Chamberlain, Rt. Hon. N. (Edgbaston)

Hurd, Percy A.

Simms, Dr. John M. (Co. Down)

Christie, J. A.

James, Lieut.-Colonel Hon. Cuthbert

Skelton, A. N.

Churchill, Rt. Hon. Winston Spencer

Kindersley, Major G. M.

Smith, Louis W. (Sheffield, Hallam)

Cockerill, Brig.-General Sir George

King, Commodore Rt. Hon. Henry D.

Smith, R. W. (Aberd'n & Kinc'dine, C.)

Colfox, Major William Philip

Lamb, Sir J. Q.

Smith-Carington, Neville W.

Colville, Major D. J.

Law, Sir Alfred (Derby, High Peak)

Smithers, Waldron

Cranbourne, Viscount

Leighton, Major B. E. P.

Somerset, Thomas

Crichton-Stuart, Lord C.

Lewis, Oswald (Colchester)

Somerville, D. G. (Willesden, East)

Crookshank, Cpt. H. (Lindsey, Gainsbro)

Locker-Lampson, Rt. Hon. Godfrey

Southby, Commander A. R. J.

Croom-Johnson, R. P.

Long, Major Eric

Spender-Clay, Colonel H.

Culverwell, C. T. (Bristol, West)

Lymington, Viscount

Stanley, Lord (Fylde)

Cunliffe-Lister, Rt. Hon. Sir Philip

Macdonald, Capt. P. D. (I. of W.)

Stanley, Maj. Hon. O. (W'morland)

Davies, Dr. Vernon

MacRobert, Rt. Hon. Alexander M.

Stewart, W. J. (Belfast South)

Davies, Maj. Geo. F. (Somerset, Yeovil)

Maitland, A. (Kent, Faversham)

Stuart, J. C. (Moray and Nairn)

Davison, Sir W. H. (Kensington, S.)

Makins, Brigadier-General E.

Sueter, Rear-Admiral M. F.

Dixey, A. C.

Margesson, Captain H. D.

Thomas, Major L. B. (King's Norton)

Duckworth, G. A. V.

Marjoribanks, E. C.

Tinne, J. A.

Dugdale, Capt. T. L.

Meller, R. J.

Titchfield, Major the Marquess of

Eden, Captain Anthony

Mitchell, Sir W. Lane (Streatham)

Todd, Capt. A. J.

Everard, W. Lindsay

Mitchell-Thomson, Rt. Hon. Sir W.

Train, J.

Falle, Sir Bertram G.

Mond, Hon. Henry

Vaughan-Morgan, Sir Kenyon

Fermoy, Lord

Monsell, Eyres, Com. Rt. Hon. Sir B.

Ward, Lt.-Col. A. L. (Kingston-on-Hull)

Flelden, E. B.

Moore, Sir Newton J. (Richmond)

Wardlaw-Milne, J. S.

Ford, Sir P. J.

Moore, Lieut.-Colonel T. C. R. (Ayr)

Waterhouse, Captain Charles

1732

1733

Wells, Sydney R.

Womersley, W. J.

TELLERS FOR THE NOES.—

Wilson, G. H. A. (Cambridge U.)

Wood, Rt. Hon. Sir Kingsley

Major Sir George Hennessy and

Windsor-Clive, Lieut.-Colonel George

Worthington-Evans, Rt. Hon. Sir L.

Sir Frederick Thomson.

Winterton, Rt. Hon. Earl

Young, Rt. Hon. Sir Hilton

Question put, and agreed to.

ILLEGITIMATE CHILDREN (SCOTLAND) BILL.
Duchess of ATHOLL: I beg to move,
"That leave be given to bring in a Bill to amend the law as to the duration and recovery of aliment for, and the custody of, illegitimate children in Scotland; and for other purposes connected therewith."
The Bill which I now beg leave to introduce aims at removing some very obvious disabilities under which the unmarried mother and her child labour in Scotland to-day. The first disability is in regard to the period during which the court may require the father to support the child. The duration of the obligation has not been very clear in Scotland. In no case does it extend beyond the age of puberty, although it is said that the obligation will endure until the child is able to support itself. I think everyone will agree to-day that children, either boys or girls, are not in a position to maintain themselves in their early teens. As a matter of fact the courts have rather made a practice of making a decree which is only operative until the age of seven in the case of a boy, or until 10 in the case of a girl. Then, of course, it is open to the mother to make a further application for aliment. But then comes in a right of the father to take custody of the child instead of continuing to pay aliment and the mother can only be sure of being able to retain custody of the child herself if she fails to make application for further aliment.
I submit that such a position might well be an intolerable one for a mother who had been doing her best for her child. She might be put in the impossible position of having to choose between struggling to maintain the child by her own unaided efforts, or losing the child altogether. After great difficulties, after enduring per haps much shame, after hard struggles for herself and her child she might find that she could only ensure the comfort and security of the child by parting with it. I can hardly imagine a more cruel position for a mother. So this Bill seeks, in the first place, to ensure that the father shall be liable for aliment until the child has reached the age of 16 and in the second place, it proposes to give the courts power to make such orders
1734
for the custody of the child as may seem in the best interests of the child, having regard to the conduct of both parents. It also cancels the present right of the father to discharge his obligation for continuing to make aliment for the child, by offering to take custody of it.
The next point with which the Bill deals is the amount of aliment that may be claimed. At present, under Scottish law, both parents are responsible for the maintenance of the child in equal pro portions and that necessarily limits the amount to the limit of the capacity of the poorer parent to pay. As we know, many unmarried mothers have a very hard struggle to provide for themselves and their children and sometimes the father may be in a position to make a considerably better contribution to the child's maintenance than the mother. So, Clause 1 (2) of the Bill proposes that parents should be made liable according to their several means and circumstances. I should add that at present the father is rarely liable for more than 4s. 6d. per week for the maintenance of the child, and although that may be as much as some fathers can afford, there are others who might afford a great deal more and the Bill seeks to remedy that anomaly.
Another point is that the unmarried mother often fails to secure any aliment at all from the father. He may dispute parentage, or he may leave the district, and I am informed by social workers in touch with a good many cases of this kind that in their experience sometimes 50 per cent. of applications by unmarried mothers for aliment fail to be made good. An application can only be made after the birth of the child and no application may be made, as in England, for the expenses of the confinement. It is not in the interests of the health of the mother if, when arrangements are being made for the confinement, she is quite uncertain as to whether she will receive any aliment for the child and is without any power to claim anything towards the expanses of the confinement. I am told that sometimes the courts are crowded with cases and that it may be many months after the birth of the child before aliment is awarded by the Courts.

1735
Accordingly another Clause in this Bill gives power to a woman to present an application to the Court within three months of her expected confinement and to make the application cover the expenses of confinement as well as aliment—though, if the case is defended by the putative father, no decree can be operative until after the birth of the child.
Finally, the Bill will empower the courts to order the aliment to be paid to some person other than the mother, such as an officer of the court, or an inspector of the poor, or other suitable and reliable person who may be taking a friendly interest in the mother. The purpose of this provision is to ensure that there shall be no unnecessary con tact between the man and the woman if it appears that marriage between the two is unlikely to take place. Those briefly are the points dealt with by the Bill.
I am sure the House will agree that there are few people in this country or indeed in any country, who have to face greater difficulties than the unmarried mother and her child. She may be responsible—she is, at least, partly responsible—for the difficulties which she has to face, but that does not affect the desire of many people to help her to face those difficulties successfully, and public opinion in this country is united in wishing to see that the children suffer as little as possible from any mistakes which the father or mother may have made. I am sure also that opinion on all sides of the House desires to see fathers doing their utmost within their means to assist in the suitable maintenance of their children. I submit that the present position in Scotland which I have endeavoured briefly to describe, is very far behind what public opinion to-day feels to be desirable or fair or just, either for the mother or her child, and I ask the House to let me present this Bill which seeks to do a tardy act of justice to both.
Bill ordered to be brought in by the Duchess of Atholl, Mr. MacRobert, Major Elliot, Sir Frederick Thomson, Major Sir Archibald Sinclair, Mr. Barr, Mr. Ernest Brown, Sir Patrick Ford and Major Colville.

ILLEGITIMATE CHILDREN (SCOTLAND) BILL,
"to amend the law as to the duration and recovery of aliment for, and the custody of, illegitimate children in Scotland; and for other purposes connected therewith," presented accordingly, and read the First time; to be read a Second time upon Tuesday next, and to be printed. [Bill 64.]

MESSAGE FROM THE LORDS.
That they have agreed to—
Edmonton Urban District Council Bill, with Amendments.
That they have passed a Bill, intituled, "An Act to extend the Children (Employment Abroad) Act, 1913, to persons under the age of eighteen years." [Children (Employment Abroad) Bill [Lords].

ORDERS OF THE DAY.

  WIDOWS', ORPHANS' AND OLD AGE CONTRIBUTORY PENSIONS BILL.
  Considered in Committee. [Progress, 11 th November.]
  [Mr. ROBERT YOUNG in the Chair.]

  WIDOWS', ORPHANS' AND OLD AGE CONTRIBUTORY PENSIONS BILL.

    CLAUSE 1.—(Extension of right to widows' pensions.)
    Amendment proposed [11 th November]; In page 2, line 1, to leave out the words "the Minister," and to insert instead thereof the words, "one or more referees."—[Mr. Chamberlain.]
    Question again proposed, "That the words 'the Minister' stand part of the Clause."
    Mr. MELLER: When the Debate was interrupted last night, a suggestion had been made to the Minister that he might at least consider the proposal made in this Amendment and, if he could not there and then give a reply, that probably he would be prepared to make some offer to consider the position which we had put forward. The Prime Minister to-day intimated that it was his wish that we should proceed with the Amendments on this Bill as far as Clause 15, but I think it could not have been present to his mind that very strong views are held on this side and by Members of the Liberal party on this Clause, which gives unfettered power to the Minister to consider claims for pensions. Last night I was endeavouring to combat the argument put forward by the Minister of Health that, inasmuch as under the Act of 1925 power had been given to the Minister to determine conclusively the right of an individual to have a pension, he was entitled to come forward and claim that as a right and proper precedent for such a power in this Bill; and I was endeavouring to show that there was a marked distinction between the cases set up under the Act of 1925 and those proposed under this Bill. It will be remembered that under the Act of 1925 we were dealing with a limited class of persons and that the right of a widow to a pension was based upon the fact that she had a child, and, therefore, the period over which the Minister had to make a review was a
    1770
    period at the most limited to 14 years, whereas, if hon. Members will take their minds back to Section 18 of the Act of 1925, paragraph (a), they will find it stated that:
    "the decision of the Minister on any question whether a person would have been so insured or deemed to have been so insured shall be final and conclusive."
    I submit that there the task of the Minister was a comparatively easy one. It was merely a reference over a comparatively short period, and a period during which most of the applicants would be able to give some evidence of which trace could have been made as to their insurance. I agree that under Section 18 of that Act there might arise some cases where the Minister had to deter mine whether he should say that such and such a person must be deemed to be a widow of a man who was insured, but such cases were very few. The Bill of 1929, however, goes a great deal further, and I would call particular attention to the second paragraph under Sub-section (1, a), which declares that the Minister has to determine that the normal occupation of the individual was at some time within the said period employment in respect of which contributions would have been payable if the Insurance Act had been in force.
    It is very necessary that we should direct our minds to this particular paragraph. Is it a question of 14 years? Is it a question of a short period over which the Minister can make these inquiries, with comparative certainty that no wrong cases will be let through? That is not the case. The case here is that the Minister has to determine—and his decision is to be final and conclusive—some thing which has happened at some time over a period of 30 or 40 years. I should not raise the same strong objections if I were dealing with facts in regard to which I could get evidence from the records of the Ministry itself or of the society which had received contributions and noted them against the insured per son, but that is not the case here. We are going to a period the other side of the 14 years, a period of something like 30 or 40 years, and I submit that the Minister is not right in putting upon him self the very serious burden of deter mining finally whether these persons shall be included or excluded from the benefits of the Clause.

    1771
    Let us think what it really means when we say that the Minister's decision shall be final and conclusive. Of course, it is a physical impossibility for the Minister to be examining 2,000 claims per day, which I believe is the number estimated. The task will fall upon his Department, and he will not be able to have the experience and service of men who have been dealing with these cases for many years, but he will be bound to bring in a number of persons who will have to be taught the lines on which the examination must be made, and, what is worse, they will have to examine the cases between very watertight compartments.
    There is no flexibility in the Civil Service. I own among my friends a great number of civil servants, against whose intelligence and skill I have not a word to say, but they are restricted by the very conditions under which they work. If we knew that the decision of the Minister was to be a discretionary power in cases on the border line, there might be something to be said for it, but under this Bill you are going to submit these cases to a number of persons who will have their instructions and who cannot depart from "Aye" or "No." They cannot run to the head of the Department and say, "What do you think of this case? Do you think we ought to let it through or not?" May I give as an example something which occurred to one of my constituents in the past three weeks? Hon. Members will remember that in the Act of 1925, Section 28, provides that
    "where it is shown … that failure to make a claim within the time above limited was due to circumstances over which the claimant had no control, the pension shall commence to accrue on the date on which the claimant became entitled thereto,"
    but if the Department comes to the conclusion that the. circumstance is one over which the applicant had control, then his pension accrues from the date on which the claim was made. The instance I wish to give is that of a man who believed himself to have been born in June and to have attained the age of 65 in June of this year. He had that belief from a baptismal certificate. He had some difficulty in remembering or ascertaining exactly where he was born, but he had this baptismal certificate, and he
    1772
    always believed that it was obtained within about a month of his birth. He made the claim in respect to June of this year quite honestly. The Department, however, said that the evidence they required was not a baptismal certificate, but a birth certificate, and when he made inquiry—and it took some time to get that birth certificate—he found that he was in fact born in January of the year, not June. He said he put in his claim for June because he believed he was born in June, but the Department said that this error was a circumstance over which he had control. Is not that a narrow and, if I may say so, a mean adjudication upon a case? I submit that if any institution outside which had been doing this business had dared to set up such a claim for disputing a payment, some considerable stir would have been made about it, yet that is the sort of risk you will run under this Clause.
    We are proposing to relieve the Minister of a very unpleasant situation. He perhaps contemplates that the whole of the cases applying will be put through, and, therefore, that there will be very few discontented people, but I want to think of the discontented people who, because they have not had the experience or advice of some other people, have not been able to put forward their claims in the right way. What will be their position?
    The MINISTER of HEALTH (Mr. Arthur Greenwood): They will have the right of appeal.
    Mr. MELLER: I know that later on the right hon. Gentleman is taking power so that, if a few facts are brought to his notice, he may reconsider the case, but I do not like this provision in an Act of Parliament which says that a Minister may do something, but does not compel him to do it. I would rather have it clear that when an individual makes a claim he knows it will be dealt with by in dependent people, who will not be bound down by the red tape of the Department, but who will give some human feeling and consideration to the matter. I read through this Bill first of all to get the general sense of it, and then I went through it paragraph by paragraph, to see what lay behind it, whether it had any hidden meaning or some wickedness lurking in it, and the first thing that struck me was this statement that the

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    Minister's decision shall be final and conclusive. When we are dealing with a Measure of this kind, which is an inducement to those persons who want to sup port a particular party to look and see how easy they can make things for them, I say that this sort of thing is dangerous.
    As to the argument that there have been many precedents for these powers, I must say that I have never been enamoured of them, though some of them have come from my own side. I dislike legislation by Regulation, and Members of this Committee who have had experience of Regulations under social insurance schemes know that there is a great deal to object to in them. Indeed, in some cases the volume of Regulations far exceeds the size of the Act itself. You are dealing, not with regulations which can be laid on the Table of the House where they can be seen by Members and questions replied to upon them, but with something done in the secrecy of a Department. It is wrong to leave this to the Minister, and I hope when the Amendment goes to a Division there will be an overwhelming decision in favour of reasonable and proper treatment of matters of this kind.
    Mr. WHEATLEY: I hope the Minister will consider very carefully before he accedes to the eloquent request from the other side of the House, and that he is going stoutly to resist the Amendment. It is put forward by the right hon. Gentleman the Member for Edgbaston (Mr. Chamberlain) on the grounds of democracy. Somebody remarked the other evening that he wished to be saved from the sins of the late Government. We all know the right hon. Gentleman to be in the opposite camp from the democrats. If ever we had the example of Satan rebuking sin, it is in the spectacle of the right hon. Gentleman posing as a democrat. I have looked at the 1925 Act while the right hon. Gentle man was speaking, and, as a result of a casual glance, I discovered no less than a dozen instances where the right hon. Gentleman took power for the thing to be done by the Minister. There was no objection to the Minister in those days, but since then the right hon. Gentleman has found salvation, and he says that we must be very careful how we put our trust in Governments.
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    The hon. Member who has just addressed the Committee devoted most of his speech to trying to convince us that the referee would perform the functions that are placed upon the Minister. I fail to see any argument that would convince anyone on either side of the House. Surely, the Minister with all the power of the Ministry of Health behind him can perform the work equally as well, to put it no higher, as it would be done by a referee or referees. But I want to ask the Committee, Where is the democracy? Under this Bill, the House will have some control, but who will control the referee? You are asked to put the State in the position of a claimant or defendant in an action, and to go before a judge or referee appointed by this House. In other words, you ask a person to regard the State as his potential enemy, and you ask a referee to decide between the two claims, the State on the one side and the claimant for a pension on the other. Is that a constitutional position you want to create? Should you not train these people to regard the State as their friend and not as their enemy?
    An HON. MEMBER: Will the right hon. Gentleman tell the Committee what appeal any person who is refused a pension has except to one of the parties—the Minister for the time being in control?
    Mr. WHEATLEY: I do not want to create the spirit of two parties to an action at all—the State with all its power on one side, and the claimant on the other with his limited resources. I say that is entirely wrong. To set a power above the decision of Parliament and above the Government, to which the Government has to appeal, in legislation of this kind is entirely wrong, and I hope that Members in all parts of the House will see that it is a wrong principle and will not support it. We have some experience of these referees. I cannot discuss them here, but the House of Commons devotes a considerable amount of time at Question Time and in Debates to considering the decision of Courts of Referees under another Measure, the administration of which arouses a great deal of discussion. I submit that nothing has done more to create irritation and ill-feeling than this appointment of referees. We should

    1775
    leave the matter in the power of the Minister who is responsible to the House of Commons, for the House of Commons represents the people and is the proper authority to control the administration of Acts of Parliament.
    Mr. ATKINSON: I have always disliked and protested against giving these autocratic powers in Acts which pretend to give rights. A right, at any rate if it is to be a legal right, must be some thing in the defence of which we can go to the Courts or some independent tribunal, and I do not see how you can set up to be conferring a right when all you say is that a widow shall have a pension if the Minister chooses to let her have it. It is suggested that the Minister is the best person to decide. I doubt that. It is a claim made against a Department administering a fund, and there are a thousand objections to letting that Department be the sole judge. We are dealing with £80,000,000 and 500,000 claimants. Doubt less, the bulk will go through without appeal, but you are putting the Department in the position that no decision, however unjust or mistaken, can be remedied. I am not sure that is wholly understood. It is quite true that under Section 18 of the principal Act there were two questions on which the decision of the Minister was founded. They were questions concerned with normal employment under (e) at the time of the deceased's death, but the provisions in that Act went far beyond it. If you turn to Section 29, you will see that, although the Minister was not to submit to the Court of Referees a question upon which his decision was expressed to be final, there was nothing to prevent his doing it if he thought fit. The words are:
    "Nothing in the Sub-section shall be construed as requiring such a reference."
    The proviso to Sub-section (2) has nothing to prevent the Minister permitting a reference in a matter in which his opinion was expressed to be final. Therefore, if there were a doubtful question and the Minister was not satisfied that he was right, doubtless he would take the course, if desired, of bringing the appeal to a referee. It states:
    "The Minister may, on new facts being brought to his notice, revise any award or decision given by him under this Act."
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    That was a provision which really made him a court of appeal from his own Department. The Minister told us that he was given judicial powers, but he said quite frankly:
    "I shall not exercise them; that will be done by clerks in my Department."
    It will be done in his name, and I have never heard of anybody being able to delegate judicial powers, but he said, quite frankly, that he was going to dele gate them. This did make him a sort of appeal from his own Department, because he still had power under that Section to review his decisions on new facts being brought to his notice This Bill enlarges that power in a very happy way, because Section 16 says:
    "The Minister may at any time and from time to time revise, any award or decision given by him under the principal Act, if it appears to him that, having regard to any new facts or other considerations which have been brought to his notice…."
    wise to do so. The Committee, therefore, will see that it wisely extends his powers of reviewing decisions. It is not limited to new facts. There is no doubt that the Minister would have the power of putting right some decision come to in his name by his Department. The Committee, however, will notice that in this Bill there is no word giving a right of appeal in any respect from a decision given under the terms of this Bill. I do not know why this distinction is drawn. Under Section 16, it is made quite clear that the power to revise a decision is confined to one given under the principal Act, which is defined in Clause 1 as the Act of 1925. If you stop there, there can be no doubt whatever that there is no right of appeal on any decision under this Bill. It may be contended—perhaps the Minister will throw some light on it—that if you look at the last Clause in the Bill, Clause 24, there is a provision which enables him to read these rights of appeal and powers of revising decisions into the Bill now before the Committee, because it says:
    "Unless in any case the context other wise requires, any reference in this Act to the principal Act or to any enactment contained in that Act shall be construed as a reference to that Act or to that enactment as amended by this Act."
    The Committee will observe that that does not touch my Amendment at all, because Clause 1, giving the pension to

    1777
    a new class of people, is in no sense an amendment of the principal Act; it is an extension of it. There are Clauses amending the principal Act, but I venture to suggest that under the final Clause you could not possibly say that questions arising under Clause 1 could be brought into the ambit of the rights of appeal and revision of decisions.
    The CHAIRMAN: The Amendment under discussion deals with the question of the referees. The question of appeals is raised on another Amendment.
    Mr. ATKINSON: I quite follow that, but surely it is germane to the discussion to consider whether the Minister is to be the final arbiter.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: May I put this point? The question under discussion now is whether, in every claim for pensions, the referees are to be the court of first instance. The question of the appeal does not arise.
    The CHAIRMAN: That is so. I said so last night.
    5.0 p.m.
    Mr. ATKINSON: Because there is no right of appeal and because the Minister has no right to revise his decision, I object to the Clause as it stands. My objections would disappear in the main if there was some indication or promise from the Minister to put these other matters right. I submit to you, Sir, that my point is absolutely germane. The question is whether the Minister shall be the final tribunal, or whether the claims shall go to the court of referees.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: With all respect the question as to who shall be the final court of appeal does not arise on this Amendment. The question before the Committee, as you, Mr. Young, have pointed out, is whether every claim made for pension has to be submitted to the referee. Whether there is to be any further appeal is a matter for a subsequent Amendment.
    Sir KINGSLEY WOOD: On a point of Order. I understand, Sir, that you ruled yesterday that we should take these two matters simultaneously; that we should first discuss whether there should be a court of referees, a court of first instance, and that, later, we should discuss the other matter.
    The CHAIRMAN: That is exactly the position.
    Mr. ATKINSON: I will just state the reasons why I say that the Minister should not remain the authority under this section. They are: because his decision is final, because he has no power to revise it, and because there is no right of appeal. That puts the Minister in the position of a dictator, a position which he does not hold under the principal Act.
    Sir PATRICK FORD: I beg to move, as an Amendment to the proposed Amendment, after the word "referees," to add the words "in Scotland, the sheriff."
    I think I shall be in order in moving this manuscript Amendment, which I handed in before the proceedings began to-day, and which bears very closely upon the Amendment of the ex-Minister of Health now under discussion. I sincerely hope that the Committee will agree to accept the substance of one or other of those Amendments. I speak on behalf of Scotland in this matter in moving my Amendment. I think the great bulk of Scottish opinion is behind me when I ask that this question of the decisions of the rights of parties—after all, there are two parties, the person making the claim and the Minister dealing with it; you cannot get away from the fact that there are those two parties—the decision on points of dispute arising out of the claim, if the claim is resisted or not fully met for certain reasons—that that claim should go at once to the sheriff court.
    The sheriff in Scotland occupies the position to which there is nothing exactly analogous in England. The sheriff combines partly the functions of the county court judge and partly the functions of a stipendary magistrate. He has, in addition, very considerable executive and administrative powers. He is always a man of character, and has very considerable experience of facts as well as of law. There is a very general opinion in Scotland that if you remit the case to the sheriff you get that knowledge of facts and law applied without the least bias and in the most satisfactory and in the quickest manner possible. I have talked on this matter with various people, and with at least one prominent member of the party opposite. His main objection seemed to be to be a difficulty about the delay that might arise. The procedure

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    in the sheriff court in summary cases is very quick, however, and there is not really very much delay. It is one of the courts of which people can complain least of delay.
    On the general principle of having a reference to an outside court, the Committee might bear in mind the words of the present Lord Chief Justice, in a book recently published, where he points out that very serious encroachments, for which every Government in the last 20 years or so has been responsible, have been made on the liberties of the subject without defence in the King's impartial Courts of Law. It is not good enough to say that the Minister is a kindly and just man, and that his permanent officials are men of integrity and knowledge. They do represent the Department. I remember, from the earliest days when any law was taught to me, or any idea of constitutional rights, that we were held up as a standing example, as opposed to France, Germany and other civilised countries, because we had not a special law for the State the Government Departments, under which they could act for themselves and be their own judge, counsel and advocate. It was always held up to me that every subject, how ever humble, and whatever might be the complexion of the Government in power, had his right of redress in the Courts. I should like to see that redress quicker and easier. But that does not constitute an argument against my Amendment, becase the Sheriff Court is the right court where you would get a quick decision, and you have public opinion in Scotland behind my proposal.
    The UNDER-SECRETARY of STATE for SCOTLAND (Mr. Johnston): May I very briefly appeal to the hon. Gentleman the Member for North Edinburgh (Sir P. Ford) not to press his Amendment in this particular form. With the spirit which is behind the Amendment, I have no quarrel at all, but I hope to show him conclusive reasons why his object would not be attained by the Amendment. In the first place, his Amendment does not cover appeals against decisions where the Minister has turned down a claim; it is designed to cover all claims of all pre-Act widow applicants. If the hon Member with his knowledge of the law and the Law Courts and administration in Scot-
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    land, will consider what that will mean, with our present overburdened legal machinery, I am perfectly certain he will reconsider his Amendment. We are, at this moment, as I am sure he is aware, compelled to face the question of very serious congestion in our Sheriff Courts in our large cities. It would be utterly impossible for the sheriffs in Scotland, particularly in the large cities, to take on the additional burden of making an investigation into every application by a pre-Act widow.
    May I further draw the hon. Gentleman's attention to the fact that the Minister, in the Bill, is only asking that his decision shall be final and conclusive on one point, that is the insurance status. He is not asking that his decision shall be final on questions of marriage, questions of age, of death, of husband, of residence, of service, of pensions, and so on. All those questions will still come before an arbiter in Scotland, chosen from the panel of arbiters, under a system which has worked, as I think the hon. Member will agree, very satisfactorily during the past year or year and a half. If the hon. Member's proposal were carried, we should be compelled to appoint extra sheriffs. Those sheriffs would be compelled to examine every claim of every pre-Act widow on questions of insurance status, to get hold of records which are at present in the possession of the Department as to insurance status, and to undertake work which they cannot at present, and cannot from any past experience, be qualified to deal with. That would be taking away those duties from men whose experience on the present panel of arbiters has suited them for the work.
    Mr. ATKINSON: Under what Section is the system of appeals which the Under-Secretary has described going to be applied to the words in this Bill?
    Mr. JOHNSTON: The Act under which we are operating now does give a right of appeal on such questions as I have referred to. What we are discussing now is the question on the top line of page 2 of the Bill.
    Lieut.-Colonel Sir FREDERICK HALL: On a point of Order. May I ask your Ruling on this matter? So far as I am aware, the Amendment moved by the right hon. Member for Edgbaston

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    (Mr. Chamberlain) has not been withdrawn. Therefore, I suggest that we are rather closing the opportunity of discussing the right hon. Gentleman's Amendment because that Amendment has not been put or withdrawn. I should like to know what position we are in at the moment.
    The CHAIRMAN: Perhaps I am at fault; I am not quite sure. I put the Amendment of the right hon. Gentleman the Member for Edgbaston (Mr. Chamberlain) and then the manuscript Amendment was handed in. Therefore, the Amendment of the hon. Gentleman the Member for North Edinburgh (Sir P. Ford) is not in order. We should come to a decision on the previous Amendment.
    Sir F. HALL: Then we shall have an opportunity of discussing the right hon. Gentleman's Amendment.
    Sir WALTER GREAVES-LORD: Do I understand that there would be, under the Clause we are discussing, a right of appeal? If so, the Under-Secretary has not indicated that the Government are going to accept an Amendment leaving out the following words. Unless those words are left out, there can be no right of appeal.
    Mr. JOHNSTON: No, that comes on a later Amendment. I do not want to discuss what the attitude of my right hon. Friend the Minister of Health would be when we come to the Amendment which stands in the name of an hon. Member below the gangway opposite.
    Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: Do I understand the hon. Gentleman to say there is a right of appeal? I do not understand where such an appeal is to be found, and I should like to have this misunderstanding cleared up.
    Mr. JOHNSTON: I did not say that.
    Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: The Minister did.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: Really, hon. Members are trying to pre-judge the Amendment which hon. Members below the Gangway are to move. The Committee are raising now the general question of appeal, and I will deal with that question when the Amendment comes before the Committee.
    Sir K. WOOD: It is very difficult to discuss the question of the Minister's decision with relation to this large number of appeals without briefly referring to the question, which is very vital, whether the Minister's decision is really final and conclusive. If it is, it makes the arguments for a reference to some outside body very much more powerful. I do not know whether the Under-Secretary of State for Scotland has concluded his speech; otherwise, I wish to make some observations on it.
    The CHAIRMAN: The Question be fore the Committee is "That the words the Minister' stand part of the Clause." An Amendment was moved. I had better dispose of the Amendment to the proposed Amendment first.
    Sir P. FORD: I will withdraw my Amendment to the proposed Amendment, providing I get some assurance from the Under-Secretary of State for Scotland that he will endeavour with his Scottish colleagues to induce the Government to embody the principle of an appeal to the sheriff when cases are in dispute, whether there has been a previous appeal or not.
    The CHAIRMAN: Order, order! This is a very difficult point, and I have been looking it up in Erskine May. We must get back to the Question before the Committee.
    Mr. JOHNSTON: I had almost concluded what I had to say. I was not seeking to pre-judge later Amendments. I was trying to confine myself to the very narrow point raised by the hon. Member for North Edinburgh. His point is that in Scotland, instead of referring all claims of pre-Act widows to referees, as has been proposed by his right hon. Friend, there should be substituted a sheriff. I am submitting—and I am rather gather from his remarks that I have convinced him—that his Amendment was not workable, and I suggest therefore that, in the interests of the administration of the Bill in Scotland, he might see his way to withdraw it.
    Mr. SKELTON: May I ask one question—
    The CHAIRMAN: The Amendment proposed by the hon. Member for North Edinburgh (Sir P. Ford) for the time

    1783
    being falls, and the discussion will take place on the Question, "That the words 'the Minister' stand part of the Clause."
    Sir K. WOOD: May I recall the sub stance of the observations which were made by my right hon. Friend when he proposed this Amendment. He did not seek to deal with the question whether there was a right of appeal from the Minister of Health on these matters. That is a question which, as I under stand it, is raised by a number of other Amendments which follow. We are seeking in this Amendment to say that in respect of what I may call these abnormal cases, the right of the Minister to come to a decision should be taken away, and that the decision should be given by a Court of Referees. It is true that, in association with a suggestion of that kind, it is important to refer to the question whether there is an appeal from the Minister or not, because, if there is not that appeal, it makes the necessity of having some other tribunal than the Minister more and more necessary. The position is very well indicated by the speech which was given a short time ago by the right hon. Gentleman the Member for Shettlestone (Mr. Wheatley). He desires in connection with both national health insurance and unemployment insurance that this kind of claim should be decided by the Minister. He, and a good many hon. Gentlemen who sit with him, do not like the system of referring the matter to some outside body. They want the Minister to be responsible for these decisions, for that gives them an opportunity—and I give this to those who are opposing this Amendment—of bringing what pressure they can to bear upon the Minister of the day with reference to these claims—
    Mr. GREENWOOD: Withdraw! The right hon. Gentleman is bringing a charge against hon. Members of this House. [Interruption.] The right hon. Gentle man has made a charge against my hon. Friends. [HON. MEMBERS: "No, he has not!"] I am not in the least thin skinned, but here is a deliberate suggestion that I am wishing to keep some powers, which I will explain later, I do not as a matter of fact possess, in order that my hon. Friends may exercise political pressure. I must ask the right hon. Gentleman to withdraw.
    Sir K. WOOD: I will repeat the statement which I have made. I said that under the proposed system in this Bill, if it is left to the Minister to come to a decision in connection with matters of this kind, it lays him open to pressure with reference to claims. That, I should have thought would have offended no body—[Interruption]—and would have been apparent to anybody. It has again and again been urged in this House, in connection with unemployment insurance, that the reason why we should have an umpire is to remove his decision—
    Mr. ALPASS: On a point of Order. Is it in order for the right hon. Gentleman to discuss unemployment insurance in connection with this Amendment?
    The CHAIRMAN: The right hon. Gentleman is not discussing unemployment insurance, but only using it as an illustration.
    Sir K. WOOD: I was simply giving that as an illustration in answer to the somewhat plaintive interruption of the right hon. Gentleman. I was in no way imputing—it is the last thing that I should do—to the right hon. Gentleman any motive in a matter of this kind. It has again and again been advanced in this House that the reason why we have an Umpire in connection with unemployment insurance is to remove claims of this kind from the decision of the Minister of the day, and to leave it to an independent person who is not in any way connected with political affairs. That is very largely the suggestion behind the Amendment which we are pro posing. I suppose that you could not have a more difficult class of case upon which to ask for the decision of the Minister than that which will come under this particular provision if it is passed into law. The Minister would have to go back 30 or 40 years, and have to make a decision upon the difficult question of the normal occupation of a man who died many years ago. No rules or regulations are laid down as to what particular evidence is to be taken.
    As was said by an hon. Gentleman who sits opposite, whom I knew very well as an inspector in the Insurance Department, even in relation to present claims, it is very often difficult to come to a decision; and I ask the Committee to imagine what the position of the Minis-

    1785
    ter will be when be gets a very large number of people naturally anxious to obtain these pensions, and he has to come to decisions as to the normal occupations of men who died 30 or 40 years ago. What is more, he will have to decide whether these men would have come under the Insurance Act of 1911 long before it was passed into law. I can conceive of no more difficult matter for any one to have to decide than that, and I should have thought that in his own interest the Minister of Health would have desired that this matter should be separated from his office altogether. I do not think that it will be as easy as some hon. Gentlemen think to come to these decisions. Sitting opposite to me is the hon. Member for Acton (Mr. Shillaker), who has had a great deal of experience in pension work. He thinks that it will be a very easy matter. He wrote an article on this very subject. It is called "'The Charter of the Old Folk,' by J. S. Shillaker, Pensions Expert to the Labour Party." In this, he said:
    "In these cases"—
    that is, the cases which we are discussing this afternoon—
    "proof of occupation will be difficult, but the applications will be dealt with with sympathy, and the rejections will, practically speaking, be nil."
    I cannot take that view, and I shall be glad if the hon. Member will explain if there is any reason in the adjudication of this complicated and difficult question to consider that rejections will be practically nil. I can conceive of a large number of people who will be unable to furnish any evidence. I suppose that these decisions, if they are to be fair, will be based on some evidence, and the Minister ought to have regard to the rules of evidence. I would urge other reasons for presenting this Amendment to the Committee. It would be far more satisfactory to the claimants if the decision were given by some outside tribunal. I know nothing more difficult than to have to explain to an applicant whose claim has been rejected that the decision has been given by some Government Department. When you say, "This is the Minister's decision," the applicant says, "Has the Minister seen my case?" and if you are honest you are bound to say that the word "Minister"
    1786
    in an Act of Parliament does not always mean the Minister individually but his Department acting on his behalf. Speaking from some little experience of the ad ministration of the principal Act, which was more easy to administer than this one will be, I know that it was a most difficult thing to satisfy applicants when decisions had been made by some officer of a Department, however competent the latter might be, whom they had no opportunity of seeing and to whom they could not put their cases personally.
    There will be a great deal of heart burning over differences in the administration of this Clause, and it will be a great deal more satisfactory if the applicants can go to a court of referees. We have already established a court of referees for this purpose, and they have done their work well. I do not remember any question being put in this House which has raised the question of the competence or impartiality of the referees existing under the present Widows' Pensions Act. People attach a good deal more importance to a decision from them than to what I may call a Departmental decision, and from that point of view there is a great deal to be urged in favour of sending these cases to an independent body of this kind. On the question of whether the referees would be able to deal with all these claims, it will be just as easy to expand the number of referees as to make additional arrangements in side the Department. The present referees under the Widows' Pensions Act are drawn from eminent, competent and practical men at the Bar, and I know of no great amount of over-employment at the Bar which will prevent the necessary referees being obtained; perhaps, also, the work would be done there more rapidly than in the Department. From the point of view of public policy it is undesirable that these decisions should be based solely on the Minister or that the Minister should be concerned in them, but they should be decided by somebody independent of the Minister of the day, whoever he may be; and, further, I think the applicants themselves would feel more satisfaction if their claims were dealt with by competent people who have done the work well in the past. On both grounds I urge the Minister to reconsider his position.
    Mr. W. J. BROWN: The right hon. Gentleman the Member for West Woolwich (Sir K. Wood) is to be congratulated on bringing us back to the point of the Amendment, but a great deal of what he has just said is only true on the assumption that there is to be no appeal machinery. It may be that there will be no appeal machinery, but at the moment he is not entitled to assume that there will be none.
    Sir K. WOOD: I am entitled to assume that there will be none, as none is provided in the Bill.
    Mr. BROWN: There is an Amendment from the Liberal Benches providing for appeal machinery, and since those on the Liberal and Conservative Benches completely outnumber those on our benches it would be just as reasonable to assume, for the purpose of this discussion, that there will be appeal machinery. I asked the Committee to consider what would happen in practice if this Amendment were rejected, and what would happen if it were carried. If it be rejected, the Minister will have power to determine the validity of these claims. It is obvious, however, that the Minister himself will not deal with them, but that they will be dealt with by the inspectorate of the Ministry, the Minister being guided by the recommendation of the inspector in the particular district in which a case occurs. If the Amendment be carried, we are going to set up a new sub-department of the Ministry, with separate representatives in every Ministry of Health district and with a different set of staff to do the job—or we are not. If we do that, it will be a physical impossibility to adjudicate on these claims by the date on which the Bill is supposed to come into operation. If we do not do that, and utilise the present inspectors of the Ministry, the position becomes that the referees will have to judge on precisely the same advice as the Minister will decide upon if the Amendment were not carried.
    That is the point to which we are brought. What is the advantage of adopting the Amendment? The right hon. Gentleman said the applicant will have the satisfaction of having his case judged by an impartial outsider. The late Mr. Keir Hardie once said he would believe in independent arbitration if somebody could find him an independent
    1788
    arbitrator. If we cannot find that in dependent arbitrator, at least we might make sure that we get a responsible arbitrator, and in relation to this House the Minister is a much more responsible arbitrator than the referees suggested. As to appeals from the Minister's decision, I say nothing at present, because it would be out of order at this stage. I will conclude my remarks by saying, first, that the proposal in the Amendment is impracticable from considerations of time; secondly, that it would give us a less responsible machine than the machine suggested in the Bill; and, thirdly, that if experience of unemployment insurance legislation is not to be any criterion, then so far from this being a more satisfactory course than the course proposed by the Minister, all the evidence shows that it will be less satisfactory.
    Sir F. HALL: Listening to this discussion one would imagine that the cases of some 400,000 or 500,000 widows will have to be dealt with, but in fact this matter concerns only what I may call the pre-Act widows. The Minister of Health indicated yesterday that he might have 2,000 cases a day coming before him, and, with all due deference, I say no Minister of Health could be expected to deal with that number. The work would fall on the members of his staff, and I know the Civil Service and have the greatest possible confidence in it, but in view of the difficulties that are likely to arise in regard to the question of "Normal occupation" I think it would assist the Minister and the Department if the procedure proposed in the Amendment were adopted. I have been in this House for more years than I care to remember, and I have sat on a good many committees upstairs, and whenever it has been pro posed to leave these important matters in the hands of a Minister I have always objected—it would be out of order for me to recall the circumstances of all those cases—and therefore I am sure the Minister will not think there is anything personal to him in the attitude I have taken up. No one on this side of the House has any doubt as to his integrity—let no one for a moment imagine that that question arises—but, as Members of Parliament, we all know how cases are brought to us and we are asked to use our influence with the powers that be to get this matter or that matter set right.

    1789
    I would remind hon. Members that in some of these cases it will be a question of going back 30 or 40 years before a decision can be given. I do not agree with the hon. Member for Wolverhampton, West (Mr. W. J. Brown) that there is no such thing as an independent arbitrator. I should be very sorry if I thought it was not possible to secure an independent and unbiased opinion about matters. There are heaps of people who would be only too glad to give their assistance and their advice in unravelling the difficulties which are bound to arise. The poor widows with whom they deal will be in a very difficult position, and I am sure anyone who undertook the duty would give every care to see that even more than justice is done—wherever they could, they would stretch a point in favour of the widow. I can see difficulties if the Minister of Health is to be placed in that position. Their cases will require a lot of care and attention, and if he has to say "I am not sure in this case" and "I am not sure in that case" when trying to give a decision, he may be put in the position of saying, "The easiest way over this difficulty is to give a decision in favour of the applicant."
    Last night I listened to a speech from the hon. Member for Kettering (Mr. Perry), who undoubtedly has great experience in these matters. As far as he was concerned, he said that members of the staff under the right hon. Gentleman, instead of having an antipathy to the importation, if I may use that word, of other referees, would welcome the assistance which they would be able to give in the discharge of these important duties. I see nothing that can possibly operate against it. As regards the hon. Member for Acton (Mr. Shillaker), he has apparently pre-judged this case already. He, with the great knowledge that he has, has come to the conclusion that there will be very few, if any, cases that will have to be gone into. I am sure the Minister of Health would only wish that that was likely to be so, but it will not be so. There will be many difficulties, and, where we are expending public money, it is our duty and our right to see that every care and every attention is given so that there shall be fair adjudication with regard to the matters coming under this Bill, and
    1790
    that only by the Clauses in the Bill will decisions be arrived at.
    Captain EDEN rose—
    HON. MEMBERS: Divide!
    Captain EDEN: I am astonished that there should be any suggestion that the Committee should come to a decision at this stage, when we have yet to receive any cogent answer from the Government to the arguments that have been put for ward. Last night the Minister of Health based his defence almost exclusively on the contents of the Act of 1925, but I submit that that is a defence which does not by any means meet the case at issue. I am not myself prepared to maintain that in every respect the Act of 1925 was so correct that the right hon. Gentleman would be justified in basing his defence upon it. I have every respect for the late Minister of Health, but I should not be able to uphold the contention that he himself, or even my right hon. Friend the Member for West Woolwich (Sir K. Wood), was entirely untinged with the taint of bureaucracy. [Interruption.] I thought that hon. Gentlemen below the Gangway would be surprised; they have not yet learned what burueaucracy is. We above the Gangway still feel some anxiety at the spread of bureaucracy, and we see with very little pleasure the Minister of Health basing his power in respect of this matter exclusively upon the action of my right hon. Friend in 1925. I think we must ask for some more convincing explanation than that.
    Nor were the arguments of the right hon. Gentleman the Member for Shettleston (Mr. Wheatley) very convincing, though they were certainly extremely illuminating. I think it is the first time in this Parliament that we have had the privilege of seeing the right hon. Gentle man throwing a life-line to the Government; it was a most interesting new role that he was playing, and it is interesting to know that he was playing it on an occasion which, of course, fits in extremely well with his Socialist views. The right hon. Gentleman told us that it was quite wrong to retain, for instance, a condition of affairs in which the State and the applicant were in opposite camps, and that such cases should not arise, but that they should be in the same camp. I would ask the Committee to consider whether, when cases do occur,

    1791
    though it may be rarely, when the State and the applicant are in different camps, it is not infinitely preferable that the arbiter who has to decide shall not be one of those who are concerned in the result of the arbitration. I think that that is one of the strongest reasons why we should ask that some outside authority should be the final power by whom a decision is taken, and not the Minister himself.
    Nobody, of course, suggests that the Minister is biased in these matters, nor does anyone suggest that it is the Minister who decides these matters; and it is for that reason that we maintain that a mere bureaucratic decision is not one which this Committee should take, or which the House should take, or which the country outside, which instinctively dislikes such decisions, would wish to see incorporated in this Bill. I have every respect for the right hon. Gentleman and his Department, but I do not think that he is always right. Still less do I think that he can expect us to believe that he will be always right. This is not a power that he should have; it is not a power that he should wish to have. I confess that it is surprising to me that any Minister should wish to have this responsibility placed upon him. I should have thought that he would have been only too glad to find some means of placing the responsibility, in a measure, upon some impartial arbitrator. The hon. Member for West Wolverhampton (Mr. W. J. Brown) may think it difficult to find an impartial arbitrator, but that is no reason why the House should not turn its attention to that task. What we have to devise is the best method possible in an imperfect world, and, with all apologies to the Minister of Health, he is not the best method possible even in this imperfect world.
    I do hope that the Committee, including hon. Members of the Liberal party below the Gangway, will take an especial interest in this matter, because it is just one of those rare occasions which arise when the Committee should express itself as a Committee, irrespective of the Front Benches—much as we admire them—who have actually to use these powers which they are seeking and which they are asking us to give. Some of us in the last Parliament protested against the extension of these bureaucratic powers, and we were not always successful. [Interruption.] If the hon. Member had listened to the Debates, he would know that. We did protest against the extension of these bureaucratic powers, and here is an occasion where, so far, no justification whatever has been given us by the Minister except that it is in the Act of 1925. That will not do, because next year there will be another Act, and the Minister will then say that it is in the Act of 1929. That is no answer. We want a reasoned justification for these definite bureaucratic powers which the Minister is asking us to give. I hope that the Parliamentary Secretary will give us such a reply, and will go a little further afield than merely falling back on a minor precedent under a previous Act. If she does not, I hope that this Committee will exert itself as a Committee and express the determination that bureaucratic powers shall not be yet further extended.
    Mr. GREENWOOD rose in his place, and claimed to move," That the Question be now put."
    Question put, "That the Question be now put."
    The Committee divided: Ayes, 310; Noes, 145.

    Division No. 16.]

    AYES.

    [5.55 p.m.

    Adamson, Rt. Hon. W. (Fife, West)

    Batey, Joseph

    Bromfield, William

    Adamson, W. M. (Staff., Cannock)

    Beckett, John (Camberwell, Peckham)

    Bromley, J.

    Addison, Rt. Hon. Dr. Christopher

    Bellamy, Albert

    Brothers, M.

    Alexander, Rt. Hon. A. V. (Hillsbro')

    Benn, Rt. Hon. Wedgwood

    Brown, C. W. E. (Notts. Mansfield)

    Alpass, J. H.

    Bennett, Captain E. N. (Cardiff, Central)

    Brown, Ernest (Leith)

    Ammon. Charles George

    Bennett, William (Battersea, South)

    Brown, James (Ayr and Bute)

    Angell, Norman

    Benson, G.

    Brown, W. J. (Wolverhampton, West)

    Arnott, John

    Bentham, Dr. Ethel

    Buchanan, G.

    Aske, Sir Robert

    Bevan, Aneurln (Ebbw Vale)

    Burgess, F. G.

    Attlee, Clement Richard

    Birkett, W. Norman

    Buxton, C. R. (Yorks. W. R. Elland)

    Ayles, Walter

    Blindell, James

    Buxton, Rt. Hon. Noel (Norfolk, N.)

    Baker, John (Wolverhampton, Bilston)

    Bowen, J. w.

    Caine, Derwent Hall-

    Baldwin, Oliver (Dudley)

    Bowerman, Rt. Hon. Charles W.

    Cameron, A. G.

    Barnes, Alfred John

    Broad, Francis Alfred

    Cape, Thomas

    Barr, James

    Brockway, A. Fenner

    Carter, W. (St. Pancras, S. W.)

    Charleton, H. C.

    Jowitt, Rt. Hon. W. A.

    Potts, John S.

    Chater, Daniel

    Kedward, R. M. (Kent, Ashford)

    Price, M. P.

    Church, Major A. G.

    Kelly, W. T.

    Quibell, D. J. K.

    Cluse, W. S.

    Kennedy, Thomas

    Ramsay, T. B. Wilson

    Clynes, Rt. Hon. John R.

    Kenworthy, Lt.-Com. Hon. Joseph M.

    Rathbone, Eleanor

    Cocks, Frederick Seymour

    Kinley, J.

    Richards, R.

    Compton, Joseph

    Kirkwood, D.

    Richardson, R. (Houghton-le-Spring)

    Cowan, D. M.

    Knight, Holford

    Riley, Ben (Dewsbury)

    Daggar, George

    Lambert, Rt. Hon. George (S. Molton)

    Riley, F. F. (Stockton-on-Tees)

    Dallas, George

    Lang, Gordon

    Ritson, J.

    Dalton, Hugh

    Lathan, G.

    Roberts, Rt. Hon. F. O. (W. Bromwich)

    Davies, E. C. (Montgomery)

    Law, Albert (Bolton)

    Romeril, H. G.

    Davies, Rhys John (Westhoughton)

    Law, A. (Rosendale)

    Rosbotham, D. S. T.

    Day, Harry

    Lawrence, Susan

    Rothschild, J. de

    Denman, Hon. R. D.

    Lawrie, Hugh Hartley (Stalybridge)

    Rowson, Guy

    Dickson, T.

    Lawson, John James

    Russell, Richard John (Eddisbury)

    Dudgeon, Major C. R.

    Lawther, W. (Barnard Castle)

    Salter, Dr. Alfred

    Dukes, C.

    Leach, W.

    Samuel, Rt. Hon. Sir H. (Darwen)

    Ede, James Chuter

    Lee, Frank (Derby, N. E.)

    Samuel, H. W. (Swansea, West)

    Edge, Sir William

    Lee, Jennie (Lanark, Northern)

    Sanders, W. S.

    Edmunds, J. E.

    Lees, J.

    Sandham, E.

    Edwards, C. (Monmouth, Bedwellty)

    Lewis, T. (Southampton)

    Sawyer, G. F.

    Edwards, E. (Morpeth)

    Lindley, Fred W.

    Scott, James

    Egan, W. H.

    Lloyd, C. Ellis

    Sexton, James

    Elmley, Viscount

    Longbottom, A, W.

    Shakespeare, Geoffrey H.

    England, Colonel A.

    Longden, F.

    Shaw, Rt. Hon. Thomas (Preston)

    Evans, Capt. Ernest (Welsh Univer.)

    Lowth, Thomas

    Shepherd, Arthur Lewis

    Foot, Isaac

    Lunn, William

    Sherwood, G. H.

    Forgan, Dr. Robert

    Macdonald, Gordon (Ince)

    Shield, George William

    Freeman, Peter

    MacDonald, Rt. Hon. J. R. (Seaham)

    Shiels, Dr. Drummond

    Gardner, B. W. (West Ham, Upton)

    Macdonald, Sir M. (Inverness)

    Shillaker, J. F.

    Gardner, J. P. (Hammersmith, N.)

    McElwee, A.

    Shinwell, E.

    George, Rt. Hon. D. Lloyd (Car'vn)

    McEntee, V. L.

    Short, Alfred (Wednesbury)

    George, Major G. Lloyd (Pembroke)

    Mackinder, W.

    Simmons, C. J.

    Gibbins, Joseph

    McKinlay, A.

    Simon, E. D. (Manch'ter, Withington)

    Gill, T. H.

    MacLaren, Andrew

    Simon, Rt. Hon. Sir John

    Gillett, George M.

    Maclean, Sir Donald (Cornwall, N.)

    Sinclair, Sir A. (Caithness)

    Glassey, A. E.

    Maclean, Nell (Glasgow, Govan)

    Sinkinson, George

    Gosling, Harry

    Mac Neill-Weir, L.

    Sitch, Charles H.

    Gossling, A. G.

    Macpherson, Rt. Hon. James I.

    Smith, Alfred (Sunderland)

    Gould, F.

    McShane, John James

    Smith, Ben (Bermondsey, Rotherhithe)

    Graham, D. M. (Lanark, Hamilton)

    Malone, C. L'Estrange (N'thampton)

    Smith. Frank (Nuneaton)

    Graham, Rt. Hon. Wm. (Edin., Cent.)

    Mander, Geoffrey le M.

    Smith, H. B. Lees (Keighley)

    Greenwood, Rt. Hon. A. (Colne).

    Mansfield, W.

    Smith, Rennie (Penistone)

    Grenfell, D. R. (Glamorgan)

    March, S.

    Smith, Tom (Pontefract)

    Griffith, F. Kingsley (Middlesbro' W.)

    Markham, S. F.

    Smith, W. R. (Norwich)

    Griffiths, T. (Monmouth, Pontypool)

    Marley, J.

    Snowden, Rt. Hon. Philip

    Groves, Thomas E.

    Mathers, George

    Snowden, Thomas (Accrington)

    Grundy, Thomas W.

    Matters, L. W.

    Sorensen, R.

    Hall, F. (York, W. R., Normanton)

    Maxton, James

    Spero, Dr. G. E.

    Hall, G. H. (Merthyr Tydvil)

    Melville, J. B.

    Stamford, Thomas W.

    Hall. Capt. W. P. (Portsmouth. C.)

    Messer, Fred

    Stephen, Campbell

    Hamilton, Mary Agnes (Blackburn)

    Millar, J. D.

    Stewart, J. (St. Rollox)

    Hamilton, Sir R. (Orkney & Zetland)

    Mills, J. E.

    Strachey, E. J. St. Loe

    Hardie, George D.

    Milner, J.

    Strauss, G. R.

    Harris, Percy A.

    Montague, Frederick

    Sullivan, J.

    Hartshorn, Rt. Hon. Vernon

    Morgan, Dr. H. B.

    Sutton, J. E.

    Hastings, Dr. Somerville

    Morley, Ralph

    Taylor, R. A. (Lincoln)

    Haycock, A. W.

    Morris-Jones, Dr. J. H. (Denbigh)

    Taylor, W. B. (Norfolk, S. W.)

    Hayday, Arthur

    Morrison, Herbert (Hackney, South)

    Thomas, Rt. Hon. J. H. (Derby)

    Hayes, John Henry

    Morrison, Robert C. (Tottenham, N.)

    Thorne, W. (West Ham, Plaistow)

    Henderson, Right Hon. A. (Burnley)

    Mort, D. L.

    Thurtle, Ernest

    Henderson, Arthur, junr. (Cardiff, S.)

    Moses, J. J. H.

    Tillett, Ben

    Henderson, W. W. (Middx., Enfield)

    Mosley, Lady C. (Stoke-on-Trent)

    Tinker, John Joseph

    Herriotts, J.

    Mosley, Sir Oswald (Smethwick)

    Toole, Joseph

    Hirst, G. H. (York W. R. Wentworth)

    Muff, G.

    Tout, W. J.

    Hirst, W. (Bradford, South)

    Muggeridge, H. T.

    Townend, A. E.

    Hoffman, P. C.

    Murnin, Hugh

    Trevelyan, Rt. Hon. Sir Charles

    Hollins, A.

    Nathan, Major H. L.

    Turner, B.

    Hopkin, Daniel

    Naylor, T. E.

    Vaughan, D. J

    Hore-Belisha, Leslie

    Noel Baker, P. J.

    Viant, S. P.

    Horrabin, J. F.

    Oldfield, J. R.

    Walker, J.

    Hudson, James H. (Huddersfield)

    Oliver, P. M. (Man., Blackley)

    Wallace, H. W.

    Hunter, Dr. Joseph

    Owen, Major G. (Carnarvon)

    Wallhead, Richard C.

    Hutchison, Maj.-Gen. Sir R.

    Palin, John Henry

    Watkins, F. C.

    Isaacs, George

    Paling, Wilfrid

    Watson, W. M. (Dunfermline)

    Jenkins, W. (Glamorgan, Neath)

    Palmer, E. T.

    Watts-Morgan, Lt.-Col. D. (Rhondda)

    John, William (Rhondda, West)

    Parkinson, John Allen (Wigan)

    Wellock, Wilfred

    Johnston, Thomas

    Perry, S. F.

    Welsh, James (Paisley)

    Jones, Henry Haydn (Merioneth)

    Peters, Dr. Sidney John

    Welsh, James C. (Coatbridge)

    Jones, J. J. (West Ham, Silvertown)

    Pethick-Lawrence, F. W.

    West, F. R.

    Jones, Rt. Hon Leif (Camborne)

    Phillips, Dr. Marion

    Westwood, Joseph

    Jones, Morgan (Caerphilly)

    Picton-Tubervill, Edith

    Wheatley, Rt. Hon. J.

    Jones, T. I. Mardy (Pontypridd)

    Pole, Major D. G.

    Whiteley, Wilfrid (Birm., Ladywood)

    Jowett, Rt. Hon. F. W.

    Ponsonby, Arthur

    Wilkinson, Ellen C.

    1794

    1795

    Williams, David (Swansea, East)

    Wilson, J. (Oldham)

    Wright, W. (Rutherglen)

    Williams, Dr. J. H. (Lianelly)

    Wilson, R. J. (Jarrow)

    Young, R. S. (Islington, North)

    Williams, T. (York, Don Valley)

    Winterton, G. E. (Leicester, Loughb'gh)

    Wilson, C. H. (Sheffield, Attercliffe)

    Wise, E. F.

    TELLERS FOR THE AYES.—

    Mr. Whiteley and Mr. T. Henderson.

    NOES.

    Acland-Troyte, Lieut.-Colonel

    Grattan-Doyle, Sir N.

    Peake, Capt. Osbert

    Albery, Irving James

    Greaves-Lord, Sir Walter

    Percy, Lord Eustace (Hastings)

    Allen, Sir J. Sandeman (Liverp'l., W.)

    Greene, W. P. Crawford

    Peto, Sir Basil E. (Devon, Barnstaple)

    Amery, Rt. Hon. Leopold C. M. S.

    Grenfell, Edward C. (City of London)

    Pilditch, Sir Philip

    Atholl, Duchess of

    Gretton, Colonel Rt. Hon. John

    Pownall, Sir Assheton

    Atkinson, C.

    Gunston, Captain D. W.

    Purbrick, R.

    Balniel, Lord

    Hacking, Rt. Hon. Douglas H.

    Ramsbotham, H.

    Beaumont, M. W.

    Hall, Lieut.-Col. Sir F. (Dulwich)

    Reid, David D. (County Down)

    Bennett, Sir Albert (Nottingham, C.)

    Hanbury, C.

    Remer, John R.

    Bourne, Captain Robert Croft

    Hannon, Patrick Joseph Henry

    Rentoul, Sir Gervais S.

    Bowyer, Captain Sir George E. W.

    Harvey, Major S. E. (Devon, Totnes)

    Roberts, Sir Samuel (Ecclesall)

    Brass, Captain Sir William

    Haslam, Henry C.

    Rodd, Rt. Hon. Sir James Rennell

    Brown, Brig.-Gen. H. C. (Berks, Newb'y)

    Heneage, Lieut.-Colonel Arthur P.

    Ruggles-Brise, Lieut.-Colonel E. A.

    Buchan, John

    Hennessy, Major Sir G. R. J.

    Russell, Alexander West (Tynemouth)

    Buckingham, Sir H.

    Herbert, S. (York, N. R., Scar. & Wh'by)

    Salmon, Major I.

    Bullock, Captain Malcolm

    Hoare, Lt.-Col. Rt. Hon. Sir S. J. G.

    Sandeman, Sir N. Stewart

    Burton, Colonel H. W.

    Hope, Sir Harry (Forfar)

    Simms, Dr. John M. (Co. Down)

    Butler, R. A.

    Howard-Bury, Colonel C. K.

    Skelton, A. N.

    Castlestewart, Earl of

    Hudson, Capt. A. U. M. (Hackney, N.)

    Smith, Louis W. (Sheffield, Hallam)

    Cautley, Sir Henry S.

    Hunter-Weston, Lt.-Gen. Sir Aylmer

    Smith, R. W. (Aberd'n & Kinc'dine, C.)

    Cayzer, Sir C. (Chester, City)

    Hurd, Percy A.

    Smith-Carington, Neville W.

    Chamberlain, Rt. Hon. N. (Edgbaston)

    Hurst, Sir Gerald B.

    Smithers, Waldron

    Christie, J. A.

    James, Lieut.-Colonel Hon. Cuthbert

    Somerset, Thomas

    Churchill, Rt. Hon. Winston Spencer

    Kindersley, Major G. M.

    Somerville, D. G. (Willesden, East)

    Colfox, Major William Philip

    King, Commodore Rt. Hon. Henry D.

    Southby, Commander A. R. J.

    Colville, Major D. J.

    Lamb, Sir J. Q.

    Spender-Clay, Colonel H.

    Cranbourne, Viscount

    Lane Fox, Col. Rt. Hon. George R.

    Stanley, Lord (Fylde)

    Crichton-Stuart, Lord C.

    Leighton, Major B. E. P.

    Stanley, Maj. Hon. O. (W'morland)

    Crookshank, Cpt. H. (Lindsey, Gainsbro)

    Lewis, Oswald (Colchester)

    Stuart, J. C. (Moray and Nairn)

    Culverwell, C. T. (Bristol, West)

    Locker-Lampson, Rt. Hon. Godfrey

    Sueter, Rear-Admiral M. F.

    Cunliffe-Lister, Rt. Hon. Sir Philip

    Long, Major Eric

    Titchfield, Major the Marquess of

    Davies, Dr. Vernon

    Lymington, Viscount

    Todd, Capt. A. J.

    Davies, Maj. Geo. F. (Somerset, Yeovil)

    Macdonald, Capt. P. D. (I. of W.)

    Train, J.

    Davison, Sir W. H. (Kensington, S.)

    Macquisten, F. A.

    Vaughan-Morgan, Sir Kenyon

    Duckworth, G. A. V.

    MacRobert, Rt. Hon. Alexander M.

    Ward, Lt.-Col. A. L. (Kingston-on-Hull)

    Dugdale, Capt. T. L.

    Maitland, A. (Kent, Faversham)

    Wardlaw-Milne, J. S.

    Eden, Captain Anthony

    Makins, Brigadier-General E.

    Waterhouse, Captain Charles

    Everard, W. Lindsay

    Margesson, Captain H. D.

    Wells, Sydney R.

    Falle, Sir Bertram G.

    Meller, R. J.

    Wilson, G. H. A. (Cambridge U.)

    Fermoy, Lord

    Mitchell-Thomson, Rt. Hon. Sir W.

    Windsor-Clive, Lieut.-Colonel George

    Fielden, E. B.

    Monsell, Eyres, Com. Rt. Hon. Sir B.

    Winterton, Rt. Hon. Earl

    Ford, Sir P. J.

    Moore, Sir Newton J. (Richmond)

    Wolmer, Rt. Hon. Viscount

    Forestier-Walker, Sir L.

    Moore, Lieut.-Colonel T. C. R. (Ayr)

    Womersley, W. J.

    Fremantle, Lieut.-Colonel Francis E.

    Morrison, W. S. (Glos., Cirencester)

    Wood, Rt. Hon. Sir Kingsley

    Ganzoni, Sir John

    Morrison-Bell, Sir Arthur Clive

    Young, Rt. Hon. Sir Hilton

    Gault, Lieut.-Col. Andrew Hamilton

    Muirhead, A. J.

    Gibson, C. G. (Pudsey & Otley)

    Newton, Sir D. G. C. (Cambridge)

    TELLERS FOR THE NOES—

    Gilmour, Lt.-Col. Rt. Hon. Sir John

    Nicholson, Col. Rt. Hn. W. G. (Ptrsf'ld)

    Sir Frederick Thomson and Sir

    Glyn, Major R. G. C.

    O'Neill, Sir H.

    George Penny.

    Graham, Fergus (Cumberland, N.)

    Ormsby-Gore, Rt. Hon. William

    Question put accordingly, "That the words 'The Minister' stand part of the Clause."
    The Committee divided: Ayes, 311; Noes, 147.

    Division No. 17.]

    AYES.

    [6.7 p.m.

    Adamson. Rt. Hon. W. (Fife, West)

    Bennett, Captain E. N. (Cardiff, Central)

    Burgess, F. G.

    Adamson, W. M. (Staff., Cannock)

    Bennett, William (Battersea, South)

    Buxton, C. R. (Yorks. W. R. Elland)

    Addison, Rt. Hon. Dr. Christopher

    Benson, G.

    Buxton, Rt. Hon. Noel (Norfolk, N.)

    Alexander, Rt. Hon. A. V. (Hillsbro')

    Bentham, Dr. Ethel

    Calne, Derwent Hall-

    Alpass, J. H.

    Bevan, Aneurin (Ebbw Vale)

    Cameron, A. G.

    Ammon, Charles George

    Birkett, W. Norman

    Cape, Thomas

    Angell, Norman

    Blindell, James

    Carter, W. (St. Pancras, S. W.)

    Arnott, John

    Bowen, J. W.

    Charleton, H. C.

    Aske, Sir Robert

    Bowerman, Rt. Hon. Charles W.

    Chater, Daniel

    Attlee, Clement Richard

    Broad, Francis Alfred

    Church, Major A. G.

    Ayles, Walter

    Brockway, A. Fenner

    Cluse, W. S.

    Baker, John (Wolverhampton, Bilston)

    Bromfield, William

    Clynes, Rt. Hon. John R.

    Baldwin, Oliver (Dudley)

    Bromley, J.

    Cocks, Frederick Seymour

    Barnes, Alfred John

    Brothers, M.

    Compton, Joseph

    Barr, James

    Brown, C. W. E. (Notts. Mansfield)

    Cowan, D. M.

    Batey, Joseph

    Brown, Ernest (Leith)

    Daggar, George

    Beckett, John (Camberwell, Peckham)

    Brown, James (Ayr and Bute)

    Dallas, George

    Bellamy, Albert

    Brown, W. J. (Wolverhampton, West)

    Dalton, Hugh

    Benn, Rt. Hon. Wedgwood

    Buchanan, G.

    Davies, E. C. (Montgomery)

    Davies, Rhys John (Westhoughton)

    Lawrence, Susan

    Rowson, Guy

    Day, Harry

    Lawrie, Hugh Hartley (Stalybridge)

    Russell, Richard John (Eddisbury)

    Denman, Hon. R. D.

    Lawson, John James

    Salter, Dr. Alfred

    Dickson, T.

    Lawther, W. (Barnard Castle)

    Samuel, Rt. Hon. Sir H. (Darwen)

    Dudgeon, Major C. R.

    Leach, W.

    Samuel, H. W. (Swansea, West)

    Dukes, C.

    Lee, Frank (Derby, N. E.)

    Sanders, W. S.

    Ede, James Chuter

    Lee, Jennie (Lanark, Northern)

    Sandham, E.

    Edge, Sir William

    Lees, J.

    Sawyer, G. F.

    Edmunds, J. E.

    Lewis, T. (Southampton)

    Scott, James

    Edwards, C. (Monmouth, Bedwellty)

    Lindley, Fred W.

    Sexton, James

    Edwards, E. (Morpeth)

    Lloyd, C. Ellis

    Shakespeare, Geoffrey H.

    Egan, W. H.

    Longbottom, A. W.

    Shaw, Rt. Hon. Thomas (Preston)

    Elmley, Viscount

    Longden, F.

    Shepherd, Arthur Lewis

    England, Colonel A.

    Lowth, Thomas

    Sherwood, G. H.

    Evans, Capt. Ernest (Welsh Univer.)

    Lunn, William

    Shield, George William

    Foot, Isaac

    Macdonald, Gordon (Ince)

    Shiels, Dr. Drummond

    Forgan, Dr. Robert

    MacDonald, Rt. Hon. J. R. (Seaham)

    Shillaker, J. F.

    Freeman, Peter

    Macdonald, Sir M. (Inverness)

    Shinwell, E.

    Gardner, B. W. (West Ham, Upton)

    McElwee, A.

    Short, Alfred (Wednesbury)

    Gardner, J. P. (Hammersmith, N.)

    McEntee, V. L.

    Simmons, C. J.

    George, Rt. Hon. D. Lloyd (Car'vn)

    Mackinder, W.

    Simon, E. D. (Manch'ter, Withington)

    George, Major G. Lloyd (Pembroke)

    McKinlay, A.

    Simon, Rt. Hon. Sir John

    Gibbins, Joseph

    MacLaren, Andrew

    Sinclair, Sir A. (Caithness)

    Gill, T. H.

    MacNeill-Weir, L.

    Sinkinson, George

    Gillett, George M.

    Maclean, Sir Donald (Cornwall, N.)

    Sitch, Charles H.

    Glassey, A. E.

    Maclean, Nell (Glasgow, Govan)

    Smith, Alfred (Sunderland)

    Gosling, Harry

    Macpherson, Rt. Hon. James I.

    Smith, Ben (Bermondsey, Rotherhithe)

    Gossling, A. G.

    McShane, John James

    Smith, Frank (Nuneaton)

    Gould, F.

    Malone, C. L'Estrange (N'thampton)

    Smith, H. B. Lees (Keighley)

    Graham, D. M. (Lanark, Hamilton)

    Mander, Geoffrey le M.

    Smith, Rennie (Penistone)

    Graham, Rt. Hon. Wm. (Edin., Cent.)

    Mansfield, W.

    Smith, Tom (Pontefract)

    Greenwood, Rt. Hon. A. (Colne).

    March, S.

    Smith, W. R. (Norwich)

    Grenfell, D. R. (Glamorgan)

    Markham, S. F.

    Snowden, Rt. Hon. Philip

    Griffith, F. Kingsley (Middlesbro' W.)

    Marley, J.

    Snowden, Thomas (Accrington)

    Griffiths, T. (Monmouth, Pontypool)

    Mathers, George

    Sorensen, R.

    Groves, Thomas E.

    Matters, L. W.

    Spero, Dr. G. E.

    Grundy, Thomas W.

    Maxton, James

    Stamford, Thomas W.

    Hall, F. (York, W. R., Normanton)

    Melville, J. B.

    Stephen, Campbell

    Hall, G. H. (Merthyr Tydvil)

    Messer, Fred

    Stewart, J. (St. Rollox)

    Hall, Capt. W. P. (Portsmouth, C.)

    Millar, J. D.

    Strachey, E. J. St. Loe

    Hamilton, Mary Agnes (Blackburn)

    Mills, J. E.

    Strauss, G. R.

    Hamilton, Sir R. (Orkney & Zetland)

    Milner, J.

    Sullivan, J.

    Hardle, George D.

    Montague, Frederick

    Sutton, J. E.

    Harris, Percy A.

    Morgan, Dr. H. B.

    Taylor, R. A. (Lincoln)

    Hartshorn, Rt. Hon. Vernon

    Morley, Ralph

    Taylor, W. B. (Norfolk, S. W.)

    Hastings, Dr. Somerville

    Morris-Jones, Dr. J. H. (Denbigh)

    Thomas, Rt. Hon. J. H. (Derby)

    Haycock, A. W.

    Morrison, Herbert (Hackney, South)

    Thorne, W. (West Ham, Plaistow)

    Hayday, Arthur

    Morrison, Robert C. (Tottenham, N.)

    Thurtle, Ernest

    Hayes, John Henry

    Mort, D. L.

    Tillett, Ben

    Henderson, Right Hon. A. (Burnley)

    Moses, J. J. H.

    Tinker, John Joseph

    Henderson, Arthur, junr. (Cardiff, S.)

    Mosley, Lady C. (Stoke-on-Trent)

    Toole, Joseph

    Henderson, W. W. (Middx., Enfield)

    Mosley, Sir Oswald (Smethwick)

    Tout, W. J.

    Herriotts, J.

    Muff, G.

    Townend, A. E.

    Hirst, G. H. (York W. R. Wentworth)

    Muggeridge, H. T.

    Trevelyan, Rt. Hon. Sir Charles

    Hirst, W. (Bradford, South)

    Murnin, Hugh

    Turner, B.

    Hoffman, P. C.

    Nathan, Major H. L.

    Vaughan, D. J.

    Hollins, A.

    Naylor, T. E.

    Viant, S. P.

    Hopkin, Daniel

    Noel Baker, P. J.

    Walker, J.

    Hore-Belisha, Leslie

    Oldfield, J. R.

    Wallace, H. W.

    Horrabin, J. F.

    Oliver, P. M. (Man., Blackley)

    Wallhead, Richard C.

    Hudson, James H. (Huddersfield)

    Owen, Major G. (Carnarvon)

    Watkins, F. C.

    Hunter, Dr. Joseph

    Palin, John Henry

    Watson, W. M. (Dunfermline)

    Hutchison, Maj.-Gen. Sir R.

    Paling, Wilfrid

    Watts-Morgan, Lt.-Col. D. (Rhondda)

    Isaacs, George

    Palmer, E. T.

    Wedgwood, Rt. Hon. Josiah

    Jenkins, W. (Glamorgan, Neath)

    Parkinson, John Allen (Wigan)

    Wellock, Wilfred

    John, William (Rhondda, West)

    Perry, S. F.

    Welsh, James (Paisley)

    Johnston, Thomas

    Peters, Dr. Sidney John

    Welsh, James C. (Coatbridge)

    Jones, Henry Haydn (Merioneth)

    Pethick-Lawrence, F. W.

    West, F. R.

    Jones, J. J. (West Ham, Silvertown)

    Phillips, Dr. Marion

    Westwood, Joseph

    Jones, Rt. Hon Leif (Camborne)

    Picton-Tubervill, Edith

    Wheatley, Rt. Hon. J.

    Jones, Morgan (Caerphilly)

    Pole, Major D. G.

    Whiteley, Wilfrid (Birm., Ladywood)

    Jones, T. I. Mardy (Pontypridd)

    Ponsonby, Arthur

    Wilkinson, Ellen C.

    Jowett, Rt. Hon. F. W.

    Potts, John S.

    Williams, David (Swansea, East)

    Jowitt, Rt. Hon. W. A.

    Price, M. P.

    Williams, Dr. J. H. (Llanelly)

    Kedward, R. M. (Kent, Ashford)

    Quibell, D. J. K.

    Williams, T. (York, Don Valley)

    Kelly, W. T.

    Ramsay, T. B. Wilson

    Wilson, C. H. (Sheffield, Attercliffe)

    Kennedy, Thomas

    Rathbone, Eleanor

    Wilson, J. (Oldham)

    Kenworthy, Lt.-Com. Hon. Joseph M.

    Richards, R.

    Wilson, R. J. (Jarrow)

    Kinley, J.

    Richardson, R. (Houghton-le-Spring)

    Winterton, G. E. (Leicester, Loughb'gh)

    Kirkwood, D.

    Riley, Ben (Dewsbury)

    Wise, E. F.

    Knight, Holford

    Riley, F. F. (Stockton-on-Tees)

    Wright, W. (Rutherglen)

    Lambert, Rt. Hon. George (S. Molton)

    Ritson, J.

    Young, R. S. (Islington, North)

    Lang, Gordon

    Roberts, Rt. Hon. F. O. (W. Bromwich)

    Lathan, G.

    Romeril, H. G.

    TELLERS FOR THE AYES.—

    Law, Albert (Bolton)

    Rosbotham, D. S. T.

    Mr. Whiteley and Mr. T. Henderson.

    Law, A. (Rosendale)

    Rothschild, J. de

    1798

    1799

    NOES.

    Acland-Troyte, Lieut.-Colonel

    Grattan-Doyle, Sir N.

    Peake, Capt. Osbert

    Albery, Irving James

    Greaves-Lord, Sir Walter

    Percy, Lord Eustace (Hastings)

    Allen, Sir J. Sandeman (Liverp'l., W.)

    Greene, W. P. Crawford

    Peto, Sir Basil E. (Devon, Barnstaple)

    Amery, Rt. Hon. Leopold C. M. S.

    Grenfell, Edward C. (City of London)

    Pilditch, Sir Philip

    Astor, Viscountess

    Gritten, W. G. Howard

    Pownall, Sir Assheton

    Atholl, Duchess of

    Gunston, Captain D. W.

    Purbrick, R.

    Atkinson, C.

    Hacking, Rt. Hon. Douglas H.

    Ramsbotham, H.

    Balniel, Lord

    Hall, Lleut.-Col. Sir F. (Dulwich)

    Reid, David D. (County Down)

    Beaumont, M. W.

    Hanbury, C.

    Remer, John R.

    Bird, Ernest Roy

    Hannon, Patrick Joseph Henry

    Rentoul, Sir Gervals S.

    Bourne, Captain Robert Croft

    Harvey, Major S. E. (Devon, Totnes)

    Roberts, Sir Samuel (Ecclesall)

    Bowyer, Captain Sir George E. W.

    Haslam, Henry C.

    Rodd, Rt. Hon. Sir James Rennell

    Brass, Captain Sir William

    Heneage, Lieut.-Colonel Arthur P.

    Ross, Major Ronald D.

    Brown, Brig.-Gen. H. C. (Berks, Newb'y)

    Hennessy, Major Sir G. R. J.

    Ruggles-Brise, Lieut.-Colonel E. A.

    Buchan, John

    Herbert, S. (York, N. R., Scar. & Wh'by)

    Russell, Alexander West (Tynemouth)

    Buckingham, Sir H.

    Hoare, Lt.-Col. Rt. Hon. Sir S. J. G.

    Salmon, Major I.

    Burton, Colonel H. W.

    Hope, Sir Harry (Forfar)

    Sandeman, Sir N. Stewart

    Butler, R. A.

    Howard-Bury, Colonel C. K.

    Simms, Dr. John M. (Co. Down)

    Castlestewart, Earl of

    Hudson, Capt. A. U. M. (Hackney, N.)

    Skelton, A. N.

    Cautley, Sir Henry S.

    Hunter-Weston, Lt.-Gen. Sir Aylmer

    Smith, Louis W. (Sheffield, Hallam)

    Cayzer, Sir C. (Chester, City)

    Hurd, Percy A.

    Smith, R. W. (Aberd'n & Kinc'dine, C.)

    Chamberlain, Rt. Hon. N. (Edgbaston)

    Hurst, Sir Gerald B.

    Smith-Carington, Neville W.

    Christie, J. A.

    James, Lieut.-Colonel Hon. Cuthbert

    Smithers, Waldron

    Churchill, Rt. Hon. Winston Spencer

    Kindersley, Major G. M.

    Somerset, Thomas

    Colfox, Major William Philip

    King, Commodore Rt. Hon. Henry D.

    Somerville, D. G. (Willesden, East)

    Colville, Major D. J.

    Lamb, Sir J. Q.

    Southby, Commander A. R. J.

    Cranbourne, Viscount

    Lane Fox, Col. Rt. Hon. George R.

    Spender-Clay, Colonel H

    Crichton-Stuart, Lord C.

    Leighton, Major B. E. P.

    Stanley, Lord (Fylde)

    Crookshank, Cpt. H. (Lindsey, Gainsbro)

    Lewis, Oswald (Colchester)

    Stanley, Maj. Hon. O. (W'morland)

    Culverwell, C. T. (Bristol, West)

    Locker-Lampson, Rt. Hon. Godfrey

    Stuart, J. C. (Moray and Nairn)

    Cunliffe-Lister, Rt. Hon. Sir Philip

    Long, Major Eric

    Sueter, Rear-Admiral M. F.

    Davies, Dr. Vernon

    Lymington, Viscount

    Thomas, Major L. B. (King's Norton)

    Davies, Maj. Geo. F. (Somerset, Yeovil)

    Macdonald, Capt. P. D. (I. of W.)

    Thomson, Sir F.

    Davison, Sir W. H. (Kensington, S.)

    Macquisten, F. A.

    Todd, Capt. A. J.

    Duckworth, G. A. V.

    Mac Robert, Rt. Hon. Alexander M.

    Train, J.

    Dugdale, Capt. T. L.

    Maltland, A. (Kent, Faversham)

    Vaughan-Morgan, Sir Kenyon

    Eden, Captain Anthony

    Makins, Brigadier-General E.

    Ward, Lt.-Col. A. L. (Kingston-on-Hull)

    Everard, W. Lindsay

    Margesson, Captain H. D.

    Wardlaw-Milne, J. S.

    Falle, Sir Bertram G.

    Meller, R. J.

    Waterhouse, Captain Charles

    Fermoy, Lord

    Mitchell-Thomson, Rt. Hon. Sir W.

    Wells, Sydney R.

    Fielden, E. B.

    Monsell, Eyres, Com. Rt. Hon. Sir B.

    Wilson, G. H. A. (Cambridge U.)

    Ford, Sir P. J.

    Moore, Sir Newton J. (Richmond)

    Windsor-Clive, Lieut.-Colonel George

    Forestier-Walker, Sir L.

    Moore, Lieut.-Colonel T. C. R. (Ayr)

    Winterton, Rt. Hon. Earl

    Fremantle, Lieut.-Colonel Francis E.

    Morrison, W. S. (Glos., Cirencester)

    Wolmer, Rt. Hon. Viscount

    Ganzoni, Sir John

    Morrison-Bell, Sir Arthur Clive

    Womersley, W. J.

    Gault, Lieut.-Col. Andrew Hamilton

    Muirhead, A. J.

    Wood, Rt. Hon. Sir Kingsley

    Gibson, C. G. (Pudsey & Otley)

    Newton, Sir D. G. C. (Cambridge)

    Young, Rt. Hon. Sir Hilton

    Gilmour, Lt.-Col. Rt. Hon. Sir John

    Nicholson, Col. Rt. Hn. W. G. (Ptrsf'ld)

    Glyn, Major R. G. C.

    O'Neill, Sir H.

    TELLERS FOR THE NOES.—

    Graham, Fergus (Cumberland, N.)

    Ormsby-Gore, Rt. Hon. William

    Sir George Fenny and Major the

    Marquess of Titchfield.

    The CHAIRMAN: The next Amendment which I select is one in the name of the hon. Member for Blackley (Mr. Philip Oliver).
    Mr. MUGGERIDGE: On a point of Order. I want to ask whether it might not be possible to ration the time for the discussion of these Amendments, in order that a great deal of repetition and waste of time might be prevented?
    The CHAIRMAN: That is not a point of Order.
    Mr. PHILIP OLIVER: I beg to move, in page 2, line 1, to leave out the words "(whose decision shall be final and conclusive)," and to insert instead thereof the words:
    "from whose decision the applicant shall have a right of appeal in accordance with
    1800
    Sub-section (2) of Section twenty-nine of the principal Act."
    This is the principle which is recognised under the principal Act with regard to referees under national insurance, and I hope that the Minister will be able to accept this very reasonable Amendment, especially when one realises that he hopes this evening to reach the distant pages of Clause 15. If he desires to do this, sooner or later he must begin to accept some of the suggestions which are placed before him with all respect from the Members on this side of the House. A great number of the cases which will come before the Minister will, of course, merely be subject to automatic decisions. All the claims, under paragraph (i), of those widows whose husbands at some time within three years before death registered as members of an Approved

    1801
    Society or as deposit contributors will obviously be claims which can be settled one way or the other in a moment of time through departmental channels.
    When we come to paragraph (ii), we are faced, as has already been pointed out, with an entirely different kind of case—the case of the widow whose husband had a normal occupation which at some time within three years before his death was employment in respect of which contributions under the principal Act would have been payable if that Act had been in force at that time. As the right hon. Gentleman the Member for West Woolwich (Sir K. Wood) has already shown, the people in this class include men who died as long as 40 years ago, and the decision as to whether the widows of such men are really within the Act or not may be one which is extra ordinarily difficult to decide. Forty years back, at school, we used to sing a song, "Forty years on," referring to the times of to-day. We have to go back 40 years. Many people who were alive then are now dead and evidence is extremely difficult to obtain. Everybody who has any knowledge of the processes of courts of law knows how extraordinarily difficult it is to establish a right of prescription 40 years ago. It is one of the most difficult things in a court of law to obtain real evidence of what happened, and what was the state of property 40 years ago. Under this paragraph, the Minister has to try and go back 40 years and discover what would have been insurable occupation in those days.
    That being so, it is only right and proper that, as we are placing upon the Minister this very difficult decision, there should be a right of appeal. We propose that the right of appeal should be general and should cover all the cases whether they are in paragraph (i) or in paragraph (ii). There will be very few cases of appeal under paragraph (i), but there may be many cases of appeal under paragraph (ii). The Under-Secretary of State for Scotland earlier to-day said that the Minister had only reserved to himself the right of appeal on one point, and that is the one point on which the Minister ought not to have reserved that right.
    This is a far more difficult point than nearly all the other points on which there
    1802
    is a right of appeal to the Minister. It is not only a difficult point but a very important one. A county court or a trained Judge will occupy an hour or two hours over some dispute involving £5 or £10, but when you come to a question like this it is not a matter of £5 or £10, but a matter of a pension which might involve hundreds of pounds. If we use all the instruments of the law in order to come to a decision on a question of £5 or £10, surely there ought to be some appeal from the Minister's decision on a matter of such real importance. We hope that the Government, in the interests of time and in the interests of widows, will accept our proposal and agree to the insertion of a method of appeal. I was very sorry to hear earlier in the Debate an hon. Member state that in his view it was impossible to obtain an impartial arbitrator. I trust that that is not the view of the majority of hon. Members on the benches opposite.
    Supposing we had fallen into such a low state of honour that an impartial arbitrator could not be found, no harm would be done to widows I suppose that you would turn down their appeals and not go any further, but no harm would be done to them. They would not be worse off. But, if two or three just men can be found to form an impartial tribunal or become referees, there is a chance, at any rate, that some of the wrongs and injustices done to widows may be remedied. As we know, the Minister is sometimes wrong. Many Members in this House have had reason to correspond with the Minister upon decisions with regard to pensions, and the Mnister has sometimes had to admit that he was wrong. He can make mistakes, and therefore the right of appeal ought to be given, especially when we are considering such persons as widows. The widows come to us and ask questions about these matters, and we all know how tremendously hard it is to have to say to one of these widows that the Ministry has turned their case down. The first thing that they ask is: "Is there not somebody else to whom we can appeal?" Whether such a person is going to be just or unjust, partial or impartial, I think that this House and the Government ought to give the widow an opportunity of making the appeal she wishes to make.
    Mr. KINGSLEY GRIFFITH: I want to support the very powerful appeal which my hon. Friend has put forward. This, after all, is eminently a judicial matter. It is not a matter for purely administrative decision. If there be any matter in which an ordinarily constituted court may be the final people to give a decision it ought to be one of this nature. I should have imagined that the Minister himself would not want the tremendous responsibility of being the person to give the final decision. I should have thought that he would welcome someone who in the majority of cases, would probably confirm what he had decided. I would appeal to hon. Members opposite generally. I am sure that if the boot were on the other leg and it was the last Ministry which was in power and they were, in a similar way, excluding the right of appeal in matters of this kind, they would feel very aggrieved on behalf of those whom they represent. They may now have a Minister in whom they have confidence, but it may not always be so. I can most strongy echo what was said by the proposer of the Amendment, that it is a tremendous means of allaying discontent if people feel that their case, whatever its merits may be, has been properly investigated. It is not only a question of arriving at a right decision. It is also a question of giving people the idea that every single consideration that can be advanced in their favour has been properly heard. I hope that the Minister will agree to accept this very helpful and simple Amendment.
    Mr. SANDERS: I am not quite sure whether there is unanimity on the other side with regard to the reasons for these Liberal Amendments having been moved. I was much struck by the argument put forward by the right hon. Gentleman the Member for West Woolwich (Sir K. Wood) who seemed to be very anxious to provide work for barristers who are unemployed, a matter which might be referred to the Lord Privy Seal. On the other hand, I find that many hon. Gentle men who are urging this Amendment from the other section of the Opposition seem to fear that the Ministry of Health will not be impartial in dealing with these cases, or that the widows will not feel that the Minister of Health has been impartial. I am not sure that the widows will feel that there is any more impar-
    1804
    tiality to be found in Referees than there is to be found in the Minister of Health, seeing the experience that we have had in regard to Referees and their actions concerning unemployed insured people. I am always very suspicious, as a layman, of the very powerful organisation which backs a demand for the employment of more lawyers. I have the greatest respect and admiration for lawyers, but I share the fear expressed by a celebrated Member of this House, many years ago, a Member who, I believe, has the esteem and admiration of hon. Members on the other side, Edmund Burke, who warned the House about the influence of lawyers.
    Mr. FOOT: When did he do that?
    Mr. SANDERS: The hon. Member will find it in the works of Edmund Burke.
    Mr. FOOT: Will the hon. Member produce the work?
    Mr. SANDERS: My point is, that what is wanted on behalf of these widows is someone to help them to prepare their case, not so much a Referee, and I would advise hon. Members in every constituency to see what they can do to establish a poor man's lawyer who, without fee, will assist the widows to make their case in proper form—widows particularly for whom evidence will have to be collected going back 10, 15 or even 40 years. That is the real necessity from which the widows suffer. Their need is not for a Referee, but for someone to prepare their case properly before it goes to the Minis try of Health. In that direction the activities of hon. Members of this House might be directed.
    Mr. L. SMITH: I am sorry that the Amendment standing in my name is not to be called, and I would ask the Committee to allow me to refer to some of the financial points that would be covered by my Amendment.
    The DEPUTY - CHAIRMAN (Mr. Dunnico): The hon. Member must con fine himself to the Amendment before the Committee.
    Mr. SMITH: May I respectfully submit that my Amendment is a most important one? I presume that it is only time which does not allow it to be called. Seeing that we are discussing the question of limiting the powers of the

    1805
    Minister, perhaps I might make a point on that ground. Some of the Amendments on the Order Paper would not be necessary were it not for the fact that the scheme goes far beyond a contributory basis. That would be a sounder basis, and if that principle had been adopted these Amendments would not be necessary. The Act must be administered not only from the heart but also from the head. I have no doubt that when cases are brought before the Minister, backed by a great deal of pressure from those who bring the cases to his notice, he will give undiluted sympathetic support to the cases, and I have no doubt that he will get a good deal of support from the Parliamentary Secretary. In these difficult days the administration of the Act must be considered also from the head, and my reason for suggesting the words, "with the approval of the Treasury"—
    The DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN: The hon. Member must confine his remarks to the question contained in the Amendment be fore the Committee. I cannot allow a discussion on the financial side now.
    Mr. SMITH: We are going through desperately difficult times. The growing costs of the social services are a very heavy load.
    Mr. FOOT: I support the Amendment, and I should like to reply to the hon. Member for Battersea, North (Mr. Sanders) who has misinterpreted the desire of those who sit on these benches. Never have we made any indictment of the Minister of Health on the ground of his partiality. What we have said is that, being human, he is liable to make mistakes and that there ought to be some machinery set up to enable a mistake to be rectified. There is something in the contention that when a widow has had her case dealt with—a case that means the difference between penury and some modest comfort in her later days—that decision should be made the subject of an appeal, if necessary. The stand we take is, that in the principal Act of 1925 there were words introduced to ensure that the decision of the Minister should be final and conclusive; but so far as the Act of 1925 was concerned that provision applied only to a minor part of the Measure. The difference now is that that provision is made to apply to the
    1806
    major part of the present Measure. Under the Act of 1925 that provision applied to comparatively few cases, but practically the whole of the cases, I sup pose 19 out of 20 cases under the new Measure, are now made subject to this provision that the decision of the Minister shall be final.
    I do not know that it was right to include that provision in the Act of 1925, but there must be a very much stronger argument than has been brought here to day to induce us to believe that it is right to take that phrase, applied to a small part of the Act of 1925, and apply it practically to the whole of the amending Act of 1929. In this matter we think that our Amendment is so right that it ought to go to a Division, and I hope that there will be no suggestion of obstruction. I remember very well that on the Second Reading the Parliamentary Secretary said that she could not understand hon. Members speaking in support of a certain line of action, and failing to support that line of action by their votes in the Lobby. Therefore, it is not out of any desire to obstruct or to occupy time, but simply an attempt to reach to the high ideal of political sincerity which the Parliamentary Secretary put before us on the Second Reading, that we press our Amendment.
    I wish the hon. Member for North Battersea had been a little more particular in his reference to a Member of this House who, unfortunately, is no longer here to answer for himself. Edmund Burke represented the City of Bristol, and was, I suppose, the greatest philosopher who has ever brought his mind to bear upon British politics; but he took such a line through his life that practically all sides can quote some passage in support of their views. It is possible for the hon. Member for North Battersea to find a disconnected sentence of Burke that might support what he said to-night, but no one who has read the writings of Edmund Burke and has studied his writings could accept the very general and superficial interpretation put; upon them by the hon. Member for North Battersea. I had occasion on Friday-morning last, in this House, to draw attention to the fact that when Edmund Burke was speaking in this House—not upon this site but upon the site of St. Stephen's Chapel—he stated that love of

    1807
    liberty was an essential feature of the lawyer in every sense, that it was the love of liberty that brought about the American revolution, and that the lawyer by his training was enabled to stop the approach of tyranny in every tainted field. When the hon. Member for North Battersea speaks disparaging words about those who have in past days worked for his liberty, it is really a case of the child forgetting the kindnesses and care of his parents in earlier years.
    The submission that we make is that we were asked at the beginning of this Session to constitute ourselves into a Council of State. It is not intended that when a Bill leaves the hands of the drafts man that it is something written upon tablets of stone; that it is something beyond human improvement. If I may quote Edmund Burke again, he said on one occasion that it was marvellous how the proposals that were made by distinguished men could be improved by ordinary folk.
    Mr. STEPHEN: When did he say that?
    Mr. FOOT: I should be very happy to give to my hon. Friend the precise chapter and verse. There are a good many volumes of Burke. There is an opportunity after a Bill has left the hands of the supermen and the draftsmen for the ordinary folk in the House to improve it. There ought to be a league of ordinary people to keep the extra ordinary people in their proper place. Our Amendment will commend itself to those people outside who are watching the progress of our Debates. I have not the slightest doubt that if we could take the opinions of the people outside, those who will come within the limits of this Measure, that they would approve the granting of the power of appeal where very substantial interests are at stake. Seeing that we have later on to fight for very much more important matters than this and that we desire to reach Clause 15 some time before the morning sun breaks upon us, I hope that, even now, the Parliamentary Secretary will be able to tell us that we have made out our case in good faith, and, in our desire to improve the Bill, as we were invited to do.
    Mr. BUCHANAN: It gives one a certain pleasure to support the Government
    1808
    on this Bill. I am not going to follow the hare that has been raised by the mention of Mr. Burke. I hope the Government will refuse to accept the Amendment. I have listened to the case for it and it seems to be this, that the Minister of Health may make mistakes, that he is human, therefore there ought to be an appeal. That assumes that a court of referees, or some other judicial body, cannot make mistakes. [HON. MEMBERS: "No!"] There is to be no appeal from them. They are to be final. The Minister makes mistakes, and we must have an appeal. The tribunal makes mistakes, but we are not to have an appeal. I agree with his submission that the 1925 Act only applied to a small part of the claimants. I have had some experience of the tribunals, possibly more experience than any other Member of this Committee. I have appeared before the tribunal for more widows in Scot land than any other hon. Member, and I say that I would sooner go to the Minister, whether he be Tory, Liberal or Labour.
    Mr. FOOT: Would the oases to which the hon. Member refers be cases which the Minister has turned down?
    Mr. BUCHANAN: No, what happens is this. A widow whose pension is disallowed is entitled to appeal to the tribunal. In Scotland the chairman of the tribunal is a lawyer. I am dealing with what I know. In Glasgow, Sheriff McClure appears, and takes the chair. The widow comes in to make her appeal. She sits on one side of the table, and the representative of the Ministry of Health sits on the other. A trained lawyer appears on behalf of the Minister of Health, and he is a man who is very trained in this class of business. There you have the poor woman by her self, and the Ministry of Health represented by a trained lawyer. I go to the tribunal and I meet this lawyer. I may have a certain standing and power which others have not, but even an ordinary lawyer going for the first time before this tribunal would not be on anything like terms of equality with the trained lawyer.
    Sir ROBERT ASKE: You prefer the widow to stop at home?
    Mr. BUCHANAN: No, and when the hon. Member has been in the House of

    1809
    Commons as long as I have he will agree that the House of Commons is a much better place to raise grievances like this than these tribunals. Take the Ministry of Pensions. The right hon. Member for Ross and Cromarty (Mr. Macpherson) just before the General Election was very critical of the Government because certain constituents of his, ex-soldiers, had been badly treated, and he was making an earnest plea on behalf of these men who, he said, were entitled to a pension.
    Mr. MACPHERSON: I was dealing with the question of "genuinely seeking work."
    Mr. BUCHANAN: Yes, I was wrong. The right hon. Member was making an earnest and honest plea on behalf of decent men in his constituency who had been refused benefit by the Court of Referees for not genuinely seeking work, and he could not raise the case because the tribunal had considered and decided them. I prefer to come to the Minister of Health or the Minister of Pensions in this House when a benefit is refused. Take the Minister of Pensions. Every hon. Member must have hundreds of cases in which wrong has been done to the applicant. You go to the Minister of Pensions, and in every case his answer is the same. He says that they have appeared before the appeal tribunal, and the decision of that tribunal is final. In this case if hon. Members of the Liberal party have a number of cases which have not been properly decided they can come to the House, put down the salary of the Minister of Health and move a Vote of Censure on him if he has done wrong. They can constantly question him in this House, and charge him with doing wrong. With some considerable experience of the working of the Pensions Act in Scotland, I say that I would much sooner have the right of appeal on the Floor of this House.
    During the last week of office of the last Government I appeared before this neutral tribunal, and I argued a case which was turned down. I went to the Under-Secretary for Scotland at the time, the hon. and gallant Member for Kelvingrove (Major Elliot), who admitted that I had a very good case, and that if he had the power to intervene he would do so, but he said they had been to the tri-
    1810
    bunal—which cannot make a mistake—and they had given a decision, and by the Act of Parliament he could not alter it. That was his reply. It was a question as to whether a person had paid 104 contributions. I argued the matter, and although the hon. and gallant Member admitted that I had a reasonable case, he said that as I had exnausted my legal rights he had no power to alter the decision. I say that I prefer an appeal to Parliament. I think the head of a Department should take the decision, and not hide behind his subordinates. In connection with pensions wrong decisions are given, and in connection with the Ministry of Labour wrong decisions are constantly being given, and they are not subject to review. We are muzzled, whereas if the Minister was responsible there is a check in this House against wrong decisions. If a wrong decision is given against a widow under this Bill, we can attack the Minister in this House. I hope the Amendment will not be carried.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: I think it would be well if I intervened at this point. We have debated an earlier Amendment which was clearly fantastic. The Amendment now put forward is merely that certain appeals from a decision of the Minister should go to the referees. I understand and appreciate the point of view of hon. Members opposite in wishing to protect the interests of the insured persons. I am in hearty agreement with the desire to protect the interests of the claimants, but I should like the Committee to understand what has led me to take the view I have on this Amendment. In the first place, I must ask hon. Members opposite to get into their minds the question we are discussing. The implication running through a number of ill-informed speeches is that this Bill utterly destroys the right of appeal. Nothing could be further from the truth. No right of appeal which exists under the Act of 1925 is destroyed by this Bill. Under the Clause we are now discussing the only question at issue is the determination of the insurable status of the husband of the widow. That is the one question which is reserved to the Minister. On all other questions the right of appeal remains intact.
    Sir R. ASKE: There is no right of appeal given in respect of any right conferred under this Bill. The only right

    1811
    of appeal is given in Clause 16, which relates to matters not arising under this Bill at all, but to matters arising under the principal Act.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: The hon. Member must pardon me. We are not taking away from insured persons any single right of appeal which they have to-day. We are not worsening their position at all. There is only one question at issue. The question of the age of the applicant, the marriage of the applicant, death and residence, and service, are all questions on which appeals can be made by all applicants under this Bill.
    Sir R. ASKE: I am sorry to interrupt but this is a very important matter. What I am putting to the right hon. Gentleman is this, that all the pensions given under this new Bill are not new pensions and new rights, and the pro visions of the Act of 1925 do not apply at all to the pensions given under this Bill. Unless there is an express right of appeal given by this Bill in respect of these pensions there is no right of appeal whatever.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: There are, of course, new pensions on new grounds. That is true. But all these claims for pensions have precisely the same rights of appeal as the present pensioners.
    Mr. ATKINSON: Where are they given these rights in this Bill?
    Mr. GREENWOOD: If hon. Members will look at the beginning of this Clause, they will see these words:
    "be entitled to a widow's pension payable in accordance with the provisions of the Widows', Orphans', and Old Age Contributory Pensions Act, 1925"
    and in so far as these provisions are not modified by this Bill they still apply. I want hon. Members to realise that on all these other questions which may be in doubt there is still remaining, as there was under the 1925 Act, the right of appeal to the referees.
    Major NATHAN: May I refer the right hon. Member to the definition in Section 44 of the 1925 Act? Under that Section a pension is specifically defined as:
    "a pension under this Act and a pension under the Old Age Pensions Acts, 1908 to 1924, which is payable by virtue of this Act."
    1812
    There is nothing I have found in the amending Bill which brings a pension under the amending Bill within the definition of Section 44 of the Act.
    7.0 p.m.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: The original Act of 1925 and this Bill must be construed together. Under Clause 24 (1) of this Bill, it is made perfectly clear that this Bill shall foe read as one with the Act of 1925. We are depriving nobody of any rights of appeal enjoyed under the Act of 1925. The one question which is in issue now is that of normal employment. I want to refer again to Section 18 of the Act of 1925, not for the purpose of making any mere debating point but for reasons of substance. We are following in this Bill the procedure of the Act of 1925 under which the question of the normal occupation of the husband of the pre-Act widow with children was reserved to the Minister. Presumably that decision was taken because the Act of 1925 was built upon the National Health Insurance Acts, and questions of insurability were necessarily bound up with the National Health Insurance Act itself. The question as to whether a person is or is not insurable has always been dealt with under the Insurance Act itself by the Minister, for the reason that it raises highly technical questions. It is not a question merely of weighing evidence; it is a question of whether a particular man's job, when it has been tracked down, does fall within the category of insurable occupations or not. It is not a simple matter. However learned in the law people may be, it does not follow that they are able to understand that question any better.
    There has been built up from 1912 to this day in the Ministry of Health year by year a large body of knowledge on this complex question, and I know of no people who could adjudicate on the question of insurability better than those who have been devoting all their time to deciding this particular kind of question, not only as to the Pensions Act but also as to the National Health Insurance Act. Remember that when you are taking decisions about insurability, you are not merely taking them on the particular case or on questions of old age and widows' pensions, but you are taking them on a much wider issue as affecting the whole working of the National

    1813
    Insurance Acts. I am not responsible for the way this legislation is built up, but our system of insurance to-day is tied hand and foot to the National Health Insurance scheme, and decisions respecting insurability so far as pensions are concerned, are bound to have repercussions on the National Health Insurance scheme.
    It is vital, in the interests of good ad ministration, that we should have uniformity in administration. Hon Members will see the importance of having some common standard, a common application of the law. Whatever may be the case about marriage and death certificates and so on, I am not satisfied that on this particular point of insurability you can get uniformity of decision by a body of referees. It is for that reason, I imagine, that my predecessor kept to himself the power of determining this question of insurable status. He did it twice over in his Bill, because from his experience of administration he felt it was one of the questions which were not suitable to put to a referee but which ought to be decided by people who had special and detailed knowledge of what did and what did not constitute an insurable employment.
    The House should remember that we are only discussing this single question of insurable status and not some of the questions raised earlier. Insurable status can be substantiated in two ways. There are two alternative tests under the Bill. One was whether the husband was registered as a member of an approved society or was a deposit contributor. There his insurability is proved by that and the question is quite simple. The other test is whether the husband had a normal insurable occupation for three years before his death. It is on that that questions may rise. In many cases the point will be proved by fairly definite evidence in the possession of the applicant, but, when we are dealing with widows who lost thir husbands 30 or 40 years ago, it is clear that we are getting away from the possibility of producing written evidence. There it will be a case not of some hard-hearted person, an inspector of the department, going round and seeing a widow and holding a full inquisition into the insurable status of the husband, but it will be a case—as has occurred with the pre-Act widow with children—of the inspector going round as
    1814
    a friendly, helpful person, desiring to help the widow to produce the necessary evidence of her husband's qualifications as an insured person. I should have thought that the experience of these inspectors going round in this friendly way, backed by the experience of the department as to what is and what is not an insurable occupation, would provide very adequate machinery for doing justice.
    It may be said by hon. Members, "We must have something lying beyond that, a Court of Appeal, a Law Court." Such a body would be in no better position to judge the insurable status of the husband than the skilled person who has already done it and made the decision. On the contrary, I should imagine that, once cases of this kind come before the referee, there would be a much severer standard of legal evidence required than there would normally be. What you really want to find out is what the husband was and the referee, when it comes to him, has to give a legal decision. Now what is the result? There have been cases and there are cases now under the Act of 1925 which have been pending a very considerable time because of the inevitable delay through the system of appeal to the referee. Even with a perfectly straight forward case we have a delay of a few months at a very considerable cost. If you add to the responsibilities of these part-time people, who are not primarily engaged on this work, the responsibility of dealing with the insurable status, we shall either have very substantially to in crease the numbers of these people, who are now part of the new despotism, or we shall have to allow these cases to fall more and more into arrears.
    One further point on this question of the history of this problem of the insurable status and insurability. In the original National Health Insurance Act of 1911 provision was made by the right hon. Member for Carnarvon Boroughs (Mr. Lloyd George) in his earlier days for an appeal to the County Court. That did not work and, when the right hon. Gentleman was Prime Minister, assisted by his little handmaiden, the right hon. Member for West Woolwich (Sir K. Wood), who did the work for him, he came for ward in the Bill of 1920 in order to cut out appeals to the County Court. Why was the appeal to the County Court cut out? It was cut out, partly because of

    1815
    the delay which had been caused, and also because the County Court decisions did not agree on the question of insurability and that meant chaos in the working of a scheme of this kind.
    It is because I see the difficulties which arise from varying and conflicting decisions on questions of insurability that it seems to me that this is not really a practicable question to remit to the referees. All experience of Insurance Acts up to date has shown—and every Minister has approved of it—that this highly technical question is one that ought to be settled by the people who understand it, and that other questions are suitable subjects for appeal to some other body. With that explanation, I hope the Committee will see that I am not trying to keep powers which I think I ought not to have, or to take new powers to myself. I am merely maintaining the existing powers of the Minister and the right of appeal as it exists to-day, but reserving as it has been reserved apart from the very unfortunate experiment of the County Courts under the Act of 1911, the right of the Department to determine this question of insurability. That question is even more important to-day than it was in 1911. It is a question the decision of which ought to rest with the Department responsible for administering the whole system of health insurance. That decision ought not to lie with people who are in no way concerned with the implications which may arise on any decision regarding insurability.
    Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: The Debate on this Amendment has become very interesting, and it raises a series of questions on which quite evidently there can be legitimate differences of opinion. The Minister is right in saying that the Bill does not take away any rights of appeal enjoyed under the Act of 1925, but he was incorrect in attributing a statement to that effect to hon. Members behind me. That statement emanated from hon. Members below the Gangway, and I think it arose from the fact that those hon. Members had not studied sufficiently some of the Clauses, and particularly Clause 24, of the Bill. It still remains true that the cases which come under this particular Clause are not subject to appeal, and they are, of course, the bulk
    1816
    of the cases which are touched by the Bill. The position is that the words
    "whose decision shall be final and conclusive,"
    are inconsistent with there being, at the same time, an appeal, because, if the decision is final and conclusive, there can be no appeal. Following on this Amendment, there is an Amedment in the name of the hon. Member for Gravesend (Mr. Albery) to leave out the words
    "whose decision shall be final and conclusive."
    It might be thought that there was some difference between that Amendment and the Amendment now before us, but there is no difference whatever, because the effect of my hon. Friend's Amendment would be to bring the provisions of this Clause under Sub-section (2) of Section 29 of the principal Act, which is the sub stance of the present Amendment. The two Amendments are really identical, and the effect of both would be that the decisions of the Minister, instead of being final and conclusive, would be subject to the appeal provided for in Sub-section (2), Section 29, of the principal Act.
    The Minister has told us over and over again that he is only following the precedent set by me, and it is true that in the provision dealing with pre-Act widows under the Act of 1925 similar words occur, and, in fact, the decision was reserved to the Minister. I do not quarrel with the right hon. Gentleman's account of the difficulties of appeal, the desirability of uniformity, and the powerful considerations which influenced me and my advisers at the time. It is necessary that I should explain why I am now supporting an appeal in these cases when there was no such appeal in the Act of 1925. My explanation, in a sentence, is that the circumstances which are to be subject to the Minister's decision in this case, are so much more remote; they are so much more suceptible of different interpretations, there is so much less unimpeachable evidence to be obtained in support of them and they affect so many more people, that, it seems to me, the case now differs, not merely in degree but actually in kind from the case of that limited number of pre-Act widows who came under the Act of 1925 and

    1817
    whose cases were limited in time, owing to the fact that they were only those who had children under 14 years of age.
    Therefore, although I agree with the right hon. Gentleman, that some difficulties may be caused by giving an appeal, yet the circumstances are so different that I consider that a new procedure should properly be applied to the cases which will come under this Measure. The right hon. Gentleman said among other things that lawyers would not be better judges of insurability than the Minister. It is not merely a question of insurability which is at stake. That is one of the questions and a very important question, but another question is whether a man's normal occupation was, in fact, what it is claimed to have been at a particular time. That is a question on which the opinion of one or more referees is likely to be quite as valuable as that even of the experts in the Ministry of Health, and that is certainly a consideration which ought not to be kept out of account. Then the right hon. Gentleman says there is going to be delay and I think he suggested that cases which would have been settled quickly—possibly in favour of the widow—are going to be unduly delayed by the fact that there is an appeal. But surely the appeal would be made in the cases where the widow had been "turned down," and the widow would not complain of delay if the result was that she got a pension, which in the first instance had been refused.
    I cannot see much in that argument, but there is another consideration which has weighed with me and which has been confirmed by the speech of the hon. Member for Gorbals (Mr. Buchanan). That was an illuminating speech. It threw a lurid light on the hon. Member's ideas of the way in which judicial functions should be exercised. The Minister under this Bill is to exercise a final and conclusive judgment. Apparently if he gives that judgment in favour of the widow, the hon. Member will say nothing. But if, in the exercise of his judicial functions and on the advice of those experts to whom he has paid a well-merited tribute, the right hon. Gentleman gives his judgment against the widow, what is going to be the hon. Member's procedure? He is going to come down to the House of Commons, with his friends to fortify him, and violently
    1818
    attack the Minister here and in the Press and continue to put pressure on the Minister until the Minister says, "After all, on second thoughts I think I will alter my decision." We find in a later Clause of the Bill that this unhappy Minister is never to have any peace on this subject. We know what the position of the Minister is now, when the hon. Member for Gorbals sees him in his room.
    Mr. BUCHANAN: I never see him in his room.
    Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: When the hon. Member puts questions on the Paper and violently attacks the Minister, the right hon. Gentleman now says, "I am very sorry; I should like to intervene if possible in this particular case, but the law now lays it down that the case must go to a tribunal, and the tribunal's decision is final. They have given their decision, and there is nothing more that I can do, and, with every sympathy, I am very sorry that I am obliged to leave the matter where it is." But the right hon. Gentleman will not even have that protection in this Bill, because without any new facts being brought up, the Minister under Clause 16 lays himself open to continuous pressure from the hon. Member for Gorbals, as long as he remains Minister. I can quite see that the position is going to be an extremely embarrassing and difficult one and therefore in his own interest—and not merely in the interest of the present Minister—
    Mr. KIRKWOOD: Watch the Greeks when they bring you gifts.
    Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: As I say, not merely the present Minister, but other Ministers will find such a position embarrassing and a Minister ought not to be put in that position. There ought to be an appeal from his decision to some impartial body which cannot be worked upon in the way I have described. For all these reasons, in spite of the fact that I did not consider an appeal necessary in the Act of 1925, I say that an appeal is necessary in the changed conditions and I support the Amendment.
    Sir HERBERT SAMUEL: The Minister last night, when a similar point was under discussion, sheltered himself behind the Act of 1925 and said that he was merely following the procedure laid down by the

    1819
    right hon. Gentleman the Member for Edgbaston (Mr. Chamberlain). Now the right hon. Gentleman the Member for Edgbaston has disavowed that precedent and has said that in his view the case now before the Committee is entirely different in certain respects from the case with which he was dealing. To-day, the Minister has further sheltered himself be hind our Act of 1911, and it devolves upon me to point out that the case here is not similar to the case dealt with in 1911. The Minister said that under the Act of 1911 there was a technical point to be decided and that it could better be decided by the technical officers of the Department rather than by placing it, with evidence, before an outside tribunal. The Minister said: "When a man's job has been tracked down, the only question that arises is whether or not his work is an insurable occupation." But in con temporary cases, the question of whether a man's work is insurable or not is the only question which does arise. The man's job is easily "tracked down," and he is or is not in an insurable occupation, and there is a very narrow point to be decided by technical officers within the Department.
    In this Bill you are dealing with two questions: (a) Was this particular occupation insurable or not? (b) Was this man 20 years ago in that occupation or not? That is the point which will give rise to difficulty, that is the point which needs examination, that is where a Department may easily go wrong, and that is where, on the first inquiry, a widow who may not know all the facts may not present her case effectively. That is the reason why we say that this case cannot be disposed of simply by saying it is on all fours with the cases dealt with under the Act of 1911 and that therefore there is no other point to be considered.
    I appeal to hon. Members opposite, in the interests of these women, not lightly to say that they must be content simply with the decision of the Department and be denied access to a tribunal. The right hon. Gentleman the Minister of Health says he is not a man who desires to concentrate all power within his own Department, that he preserves all the rights of appeal wherever they have hitherto been granted, and that this is a wholly exceptional matter. That must have been
    1820
    very distasteful to the hon. Member for Gorbals (Mr. Buchanan), who endeavoured to convince the Committee that appeals were very bad things and that we ought not to have them at all.
    Mr. BUCHANAN: Hear, hear!
    Sir H. SAMUEL: The hon. Member agrees with my observation. Therefore, the right hon. Gentleman, in order to meet the position of the hon. Member for Gorbals, ought to abolish appeals altogether. Is that the view of hon. Members opposite in general? I am sure it is not. The hon. Member for Gorbals takes a purely individual view, which carries no conviction to hon. Members opposite, with regard to the great majority of cases. Why then should it carry conviction with regard to this point? He says that these detailed, difficult cases, as to whether or not individual persons were in insurable occupation 20 or 30 years ago, can be settled by personal conversations between individual Members and particular Ministers. But for one case that could be dealt with in such a manner, which happens to come to the notice of an hon. Member and which he happens to press in this House, there must be 50 unknown, undealt with, where possibly injustice may have been done. Surely Parliament cannot legislate on the assumption that these detailed, difficult, and sometimes remote cases can be settled on the Floor of the House, as the hon. Member says, or by interviews between particular Members and particular Ministers. There must be some regular procedure set up, and for these reasons I commend most heartily the Amendment of my hon. Friend to the attention of the Committee.
    Mr. HOLFORD KNIGHT: I would remind the Committee that one of the oldest principles of English justice is that where there is a grievance there should be a remedy. Like other Members of the Committee, I have been moved from time to time by the accounts which my hon. Friend the Member for Gorbals (Mr. Buchanan) has given in this House of his endeavours to get justice before appellant tribunals. I put a perfectly simple case to the right hon. Gentleman in charge of the Bill, that supposing after the adjudication of the Department the claimant has a grievance, where is that grievance to be considered?
    Mr. BUCHANAN: I would like—
    Mr. KNIGHT: I beg my hon. Friend to assist the business of the Committee by not interrupting unduly. I am simply commending the view to my right hon. Friend—and I am certain it is a view which will at once commend itself to my hon. and learned Friend the Attorney-General—that where a grievance may arise under the operation of this Bill, provision should be available for satisfying the aggrieved person that the grievance will be reviewed by some qualified authority. I am casting no aspersions on the Department, but let me remind the right hon. Gentleman that as the ambit of social legislation widens and widens, you get more and more people brought within its operation who are very sensitive about, and indeed extremely suspicious of, lawyers. Frankly, I think that suspicion is often well founded. That suspicion arises, and therefore some means of meeting and perhaps of ending it should be found. For reasons advanced from Various quarters, it is clear that a right of appeal does not remain in regard to numerous cases which will arise under the Bill, and therefore it is in the interests of justice to provide a remedy where a remedy is required. I beg my right hon. Friend that he should take steps, in conjunction, if I may suggest it with all respect, with the learned Attorney-General, to make quite certain that in all cases of grievance arising under this Bill there will be avail able a remedy. I would suggest to my right hon. Friend that he should give an assurance that this matter will be reconsidered, and perhaps on the Report Stage he might find himself in a position to make proposals which will satisfy the point. If he agrees to that course, I hope the hon. Member opposite who is responsible for the Amendment will with draw it.
    Major COLFOX: It is difficult for me to understand why it is that the Minister of Health so strongly opposes this very moderate Amendment. To judge by many of the speeches to which one has listened, one would think that an alternative is being proposed and that a decision by the Minister on the one hand or by a court of referees on the other is proposed, but that, of course, is not the case. The procedure must clearly be, if this Amendment is incorporated in the
    1822
    Bill, that first the claim will be considered by the representative of the Ministry, and if it is allowed, that finishes the matter. It is only in cases where the applicant has failed to substantiate a claim that it will go to an appeal tribunal. In resisting the Amendment, the Ministry are in fact curtailing the possibility of indigent widows getting pensions, which the party opposite profess to wish them to have. They are doing exactly the contrary from what they professed to be doing, because they are reducing the opportunities for widows to obtain pensions. It is true, of course, as the Minister said, that he is not depriving any existing applicant of any existing right by this Bill, but this Bill does not deal with cases under the existing law. It brings in a totally new class of people, and for this totally new class, unless this Amendment is accepted, there will be absolutely no right of appeal.
    When the Bill says that the decision of the Minister shall be final and conclusive, does that mean that it is final and binding with regard to the Minister himself, or is he in a position later on, either on the production of further evidence or without any further evidence, to reverse his own decision, which the Bill says is final and conclusive? If in fact the Minister is bound by this phrase and his decision is binding, then the point made by the hon. Member for Gorbals (Mr. Buchanan) is of no avail, because the hon. Member would like this question of the granting of pensions to become the sport of party politics. He would like the decision as to who is or who is not to get a pension to be left to the play of party politics and political influence. He would like, he has told us, as a final resort, to have each case where an applicant has been refused a pension debated on the Floor of the House and decided by a party majority in this House. I can imagine nothing more disastrous for the good of the people of this country, for the good administration of an Act of Parliament, or for the good of the widows themselves than to allow this question of the granting of a pension to become the sport of party politics, as is desired by the hon. Member opposite. It is rather an eye-opener to me that he should have been so very frank in his statement of aims and in saying that that was his desire, and if there were no other reasons for incorporating this Amend-

    1823
    ment in the Bill, that speech by itself would, to my mind, provide ample justification and in fact would have pointed to the absolute necessity for the inclusion of the Amendment. To leave a matter of this sort to the unfettered discretion of an individual Minister, who can be indefinitely pestered by party politicians, to whatever party they may belong, to reverse and modify his decisions ad infinitum, seems to me to be perfectly preposterous, and I shall support the Amendment.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: May I put this point to the hon. Member who moved the Amendment, because I am very anxious to find a way out? There are really two points before us. There is the question of insurability, and there is the question as to whether an insurable employment was the normal employment of a man. As I gather, the main brunt of the charge against me is on this question of normal employment, not on the question of insurability. I think the question may arise as to whether employment shown to be insurable was or was not the normal employment of the individual. I can see a case there for allowing an appeal, but at the same time I hope hon. Members will see that I have some case for saving the Clause with regard to insurability, which is a very technical point. If the hon. Member who moved the Amendment agrees, I am prepared, in consultation with him if he likes, to furnish an Amendment for the Report stage which will bring the question of normal employment within the ambit of appeal, while retaining this narrower question of insurability for decision by the Minister.
    Mr. LLOYD GEORGE: I am very glad that the Minister of Health has met what I consider to be the very powerful case which has been made out. I am not going into the question of the Act of 1911, it is so many years ago, but I think that having regard to the promise the right hon. Gentleman has made to reconsider the matter and to put down an Amendment to deal with the more substantial cases, I should advise my hon. Friend to withdraw his Amendment.
    Captain CROOKSHANK: Will the Minister also bear in mind the other point, that it is not only the normality
    1824
    of the employment, but the insurability which has been raised by the right hon. Member for Edgbaston (Mr. Chamberlain).
    Mr. GREENWOOD: I should like to be firm on that point. I have indicated that I will consider the point of normal occupation. I should not like to mislead the Committee.
    Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: This is in some respects a joint Amendment, and I would like to say, on behalf of my hon. Friends behind me, that we must see the Amendment of the right hon. Gentleman before we can say if we are satisfied, and we must reserve the right to continue our Amendment if the right hon. Gentleman's Amendment does not satisfy us. If that be agreed, I should advise my hon. Friend not to proceed with his Amendment.
    Amendment, by leave, withdrawn.
    Mr. ATKINSON: I beg to move, in page 2, to leave out from the word "that" in line 3 to the word "or" in line 6, and to insert instead thereof the words:
    "his normal occupation was, at the time of his death, such as would have been employment in respect of which contributions would have been payable under the principal Act if that Act had been then in force."
    If the Minister means what he has already said, he will have difficulty in resisting this Amendment, because there is a very serious departure from the principle of the original Act in Sub-sections 1 (a, i and ii). You, Sir, may think it would be fitting to consider at the same time a later Amendment which deals with the same point in connection with Sub-section (1, a, ii). The point is this: Under the principal Act the test of whether a widow with children was entitled to come in was whether she was the widow of a man whose normal occupation at the time of his death had been or would have been insurable. The words of my Amendment are taken from the words used in the principal Act where the two points that stand out in the qualification are, first, that the employment is insurable, and, second, that it was the man's normal employment at the time of his death. In Sub-section (1, a, i), both points have been departed from. There is not a word about normal employment nor about the time of death. A new

    1825
    period is introduced—three years before death—and the test is whether the deceased was registered as a member of an approved society or as a deposit contributor.
    Let the Committee realise what this means. A woman with children has to prove that her husband was normally employed at the time of his death in an insurable occupation, whereas what the widow under this Bill has to prove is that, for one week, perhaps, three years before his death her husband was registered as a member of an approved society. A man may have been registered for a week, proved thoroughly unfit for his work, or have taken to drink, or been convicted of theft and spent the three years in prison. His widow can claim. The contrast is striking, and there can be no reason for it. We were told most emphatically last night that the machinery and the principles were to be the same in the two Measures. Just test the unfairness. You may have a widow asking for a pension on the ground that she has three children, and she has something far more onerous to prove than a woman living in the same street with no children. The inconsistency is quite intolerable, and it is grossly unfair. The same point arises under Sub-section (1, a, ii). There you have the reference to the term "normal," and I should like to know why it is there and not in Sub section (1, a, i). On the ground of consistency, and in order to make the association with insurable employment more complete, I move the Amendment which stands in my name.
    The PARLIAMENTARY SECRETARY to the MINISTRY of HEALTH (Miss Lawrence): The effect of these two Amendments taken together is, first of all, to get rid of Sub-section (1, a, i). The hon. Member says that a man may have been insured for only a day or two before his death, but the Sub-section actually proposes a definite test that is capable of easy confirmation. We have the records of the approved societies, and, as a matter of fact, people do not join these societies unless they are seriously insured members. If a man has gone through all the trouble and formality of joining an approved society, we may take it that he has not only one or two stamps. Deposit contributors do not sent in their cards until they have sufficient to entitle
    1826
    them to money. We find from the records of the societies that membership of an approved society is a test of solid insurance and a very much better one than that proposed by the hon. Member.
    The hon. Member is slightly in error in thinking that the only test in the Act of 1925 is that of normal employment. That test is contained in Sub-section (18, e), but in Sub-section (18, a) of the same Act an insurance test is used. Sub section (18, a) roughly corresponds with Sub-section (1, a, i) of the Bill, and Sub section (18, e) with Sub-section (1, a, ii) of the Bill. The point at issue between is whether "the time of his death" or "some time within three years" is to be the test.
    8.0 p.m.
    As to Sub-section (1, a, ii) the phrase "at the time of his death" is a phrase which, in practice, has been found extremely difficult to administer, even if you only go back for a few years. It is very difficult to prove what a widow's late husband was doing in certain cases at the time of his death, within only a week of his death. It is very much easier to give a certificate to the effect that the man was working at his normal insurable occupation. If, however, you are to go back for a very long term of years, it is absolutely impossible for a woman to prove what her husband was doing, and it is much easier to give evidence to show that a man was habitually employed at his normal occupation. For instance you may go into a village and make inquiries and be told that the man in question was employed by "Mr. So-and-so," who is a well-known employer. If the Amendment were carried it would not be in harmony with the Act of 1925, and it would undoubtedly cut out a great number of women who have a strong and good claim to a widow's pension. I, therefore, hope that this Amendment will not be pressed. It can only do a great deal of harm, and it may result in the loss of pensions to a number of deserving persons.
    Mr. ATKINSON: I do not think the Parliamentary Secretary is right in her reference to Section 18 (e). I think that Section also refers to the time of death.
    Miss LAWRENCE: The hon. Gentle man is quite right, but Section 18 (a) deals with an insured occupation and Section 18 (e) deals with a person's

    1827
    normal occupation. What is at issue is "time of death" as against "some time within three years."
    Mr. ATKINSON: My objection is to the inconsistency of the whole thing, and that you are applying a much severer test for the widows with children than you are going to apply to the widows without children. And if experience has shown that the new test is the better and fairer one, then I think the Parliamentary Secretary might go a little further and apply the new test to the original Act. If she will say whether that is possible, it would certainly meet all the objections that I have put forward. If it is fair to the new widows it is surely fair to the new widows with children.
    Miss LAWRENCE: In my humble position I cannot, I am afraid, give such a definite assurance as is asked for by the hon. Gentleman. I can only promise to convey his views to my right hon. Friend the Minister of Health, who will, I have no doubt, give them careful consideration.
    Mr. ATKINSON: In view of what the Parliamentary Secretary has said, that consideration will be given to the possibility of bringing in widows with children, I beg to ask leave to withdraw my Amendment.
    Amendment, by leave, withdrawn.
    Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: I beg to move, in page 2, line 3, to leave out the words "at some time," and to insert instead thereof the words "for a period of at least twelve months."
    My Amendment deals with a rather different point from that raised by my hon. and learned Friend. I am inclined to agree that, if you are going to fix a moment of time as necessary to establish the right of a widow or the claim of a widow to a pension, it may make things more difficult, and it is right that the widow shall not miss her claim because she cannot bring evidence that her husband had been employed at a particular moment of time in his normal occupation. Therefore, I do not quite agree with my hon. and learned Friend in the Amendment which has just been under discussion. But I am now more concerned with a more difficult point. It will be noted that a little further down
    1828
    I have a similar Amendment to line 7, and in fact I have put down Amendments both to paragraph (i) and to paragraph (ii) in the same words, because the same words are applicable to each of the two paragraphs. But, as a matter of fact, I attach much more importance to my Amendment as regards the second paragraph than I do to my Amendment as it concerns the first. I cannot, how ever, very well confine my remarks to the second paragraph, because it might well prejudice me if I had not moved the Amendment to insert similar words in paragraph (i). Therefore, if I am in order, I would like to put forward my argument in the case of both these paragraphs on this first Amendment. In that case, of course, I cannot ask to take a separate Division on the two Amendments, but I will accept the decision of the Committee as to both of them on the first one.
    Granting, as I have already said, the difficulty of laying it down that the occupation of a man who died more than a generation ago was of a particular character at a particular moment of time, yet, I think, one must agree that it is really almost absurd when you say that his normal occupation is to be determined by what he was "at some time" within a period of three years. What does the phrase "at some time" mean? As far as paragraph (i) is concerned, I am inclined to agree with the Parliamentary Secretary that people do not go and become members of approved societies or deposit contributors for a week at a time, and then go out. If they go into one or the other, they do it with a serious purpose, and they remain within one or the other. Therefore, I cannot attach very much importance to these words as they apply to the first paragraph. Of course, I have already expressed my disagreement with the provisions of this Bill, and with the provisions of this Clause in particular, but we have passed that stage now. We have passed the Second Reading of the Bill, and I now have to treat this Clause in the light of the fact that the House of Commons as a whole has approved the Second Reading of the Bill. Therefore, I have accepted the opinion that it is desirable that widows of men who belong to what we, roughly and rather loosely, call "the insurable class" should be the widows who are brought in under this paragraph.

    1829
    What I am concerned with now is that the paragraph should not be so drawn as possibly to bring in to this class the widows of men who did not belong to what we agreed is an insurable class. I admit that the original Act was in some Cases unequal and unfair. It created many hard cases, but we should make many still harder cases if there were brought in under this paragraph the widows of people who did not belong to an insurable class. I contend that the phrase "at some time" is too vague a phrase to use in this connection. You must, at least, specify time which is long enough to give a reasonable presumption of normality. Under the paragraph as it now stands, to state that a man's occupation is his normal occupation, one has merely to show that he has been employed in that occupation for a week or even a day. A day is "some time" I believe. I do not know in what way the phrase "at some time" may actually be denned. To say that you are to let in anybody who, some body dimly remembers that on some occasion they had reason to believe, was employed in such and such a position for one day at some date is far too vague.
    The long discussion we had a little time ago when the Minister was forced by the power of the arguments used to agree to bring in an Amendment on Report, turned on the argument of whether a man was or was not in fact engaged in an occupation that he believed to be insurable under the terms of the Bill. I put it to the Committee that the task of determining whether a man was normally employed in an insurable occupation—a task which the experts will have to perform—would be much simplified if there were a more concrete definition than these words. There may be a difference of opinion as to period. Some hon. Members may say that 12 months is too long, but I would point out that I have not said a continuous 12 months, and I do not think that that period can be considered as unreasonable in order to settle whether a man's normal occupation was of a particular kind over a period of three years. At the same time I am not wedded to 12 months. I think that it is a reasonable time, but other hon. Members may be satisfied with a
    1830
    shorter period, and I would not quarrel about that, but I appeal to the Parliamentary Secretary to tell us what she understands by these words and what is the shortest time which she would consider would be covered by the words "at some time"? I ask her to consider whether it would not be much better for the sake of the clarity of the Bill and simplification of working, that some specified time should be put in so that those who are to decide on the cases, which we are all agreed are going to be most difficult, can say with greater certainty what can properly be described as being normally employed in an insurable occupation.
    Lieut.-Colonel Sir A. LAMBERT WARD: In two of these paragraphs we have the ambiguous term "at some time," and it is advisable that some thing more definite should be substituted. Wording like that leads to so much of the litigation which always follows when a new Act is put upon the Statute Book. I am certain that if this ambiguous term is left in the Bill, the actual meaning will not be decided until it has gone through the Law Courts up to the House of Lords. Such litigation not only throws a considerable volume of expense upon the country indirectly, but casts a slur upon those who are responsible for drafting the Bills of this House. That could be avoided if some specific time were inserted. I do not say that 12 months or even six months is the right period, but some minimum time should be laid down. I could understand it if the object of the Bill were to bring everybody within its scope, but many classes of people are left out; a large number of people who require the benefit of the Bill and deserve it as much as those who are brought in are left out. If the object were to bring everybody in, this might be the best way of doing it, but as many classes are left out, those classes who are being brought in should be named in a much more definite and certain way.
    Mr. L. SMITH: When I first read the wording of the Bill, it occurred to me that the words "at some time" must create a great deal of difficulty in the future. I am wondering what the Minister of Health would do in the case of a man who might have been, during this period years ago, a small contractor. He may

    1831
    have been doing work in a village as a master man in a small way, but, owing to slackness of trade or difficulty in finding enough employment as a master man, he may have accepted employment with another contractor for one week during those three years. It would, therefore be difficult for the Minister, in the first place, to find out with whom he was employed, and, in the second place, to decide whether he would come under this Bill. Then again, I am thinking of a man who may be a master man in a small way, and for reasons of his own may, for one week during the three years, have been employed in some factory. How difficult it would be for the Minister in that case to find out with what firm he had been engaged. I do not know whether 12 months, which is one-third of the period under consideration, is too long, but the words "at some time" will cause a great deal of difficulty in administration. Whatever period be taken, I consider that, having in mind the instances to which I have referred, some alteration must be made.
    Mr. PALMER: The Committee should bear in mind the main purpose of this provision. The intention, as I under stand it, is to provide for an insured class with a view to bringing in the pre-Act widow. "at some time" might be rendered "any time," and it is clear that it means any time within the three years, in order to establish whether the husband of a widow was insured under the Act through an approved society or as a deposit contributor. Under this provision, the Minister has to determine the title to benefit, and the intention of this Clause, as far as I undersand it, is that it should be as wide as it is possible to make it with safety, and as simple as possible administratively. If you begin to restrict the operations of this Clause by introducing this period of one year, or any other such period you restrict the powers of the Minister to bring within the Bill the deserving and necessitous widows—
    Sir K. WOOD: No, not necessitous!
    Mr. PALMER: I say, "Yes." I say hon. Members opposite have been pleading all the time for these necessitous widows to come into the scheme, and yet every Amendment they have tabled has had the effect or the objective of cramping our effort to bring in the maximum
    1832
    number of widows. The Committee ought to see through the purpose of the Opposition, as distinct from the purpose of the Government. It is the purpose of the Government to bring in a certain number of pre-Act widows, and it is necesary that these two Sub-sections should be drafted in this manner to en sure that no really deserving case, no case of hardship, whether that of the widow of an actually insured person or of a person in the insurable class, is left out. This drafting of the Clause ought to stand if the Minister is to give effect to the object of providing for this particular group of pre-Act widows.
    Captain CROOKSHANK: The hon. Member for Greenwich (Mr. Palmer) has fallen into an error. At no time has it been the policy of the party which I support to restrict the scope of the Bill or the number of widows who are to benefit by this legislation. What we have maintained is that, granted a certain sum of money is available to the Chancellor of the Exchequer, it is the duty of this Committee to see that that money is distributed in the best possible manner. It is not for us to say whether the money is available or not, and I may remark that the Chancellor of the Exchequer has never yet graced these proceedings, and we have had no information from the Treasury. But assuming that a certain sum is available over a period of years for distribution amongst a certain section of widows, our object is to see that it goes to those who most require it. There fore the hon. Member for Greenwich is in error in saying we have been trying to restrict the scope of the Measure and that his party wants to give these pensions to the maximum number of widows. The maximum number is fixed by the financial provisions of the Bill and we are only trying to divert the stream of gold provided by the Chancellor into the field of widows who are most in need of it. I am sorry I should have been diverted from what is relevant to the views expressed by the hon Member.
    Mr. PALMER: Which, if I may say so, you have not disposed of.
    Captain CROOKSHANK: The hon. Member is a little premature. I was submitting a few preliminary observations on the remarks he had made. He must not be in too great a hurry. This Amendment seeks to lay down a particular

    1833
    period of time for the very good reason that the phrase "at some time" is too vague a definition in an Act of Parliament and will require too much interpretation. What we have done so far is to decide that pensions should after a certain date be granted to widows of the age of 55. That is the only thing settled so far. The next thing is that the Minister must be satisfied that the husband of the widow was at some time within three years before his death registered as a member of an approved society. Earlier in the Debate we had it from the Minister that his Department will have no difficulty in tracking these particular cases. Records are available in pretty complete detail, and as he claims that in matters of insurance law his Department is practically infallable there will be no difficulty in deciding whether a man was or was not a member of an approved society; but while there may be no physical difficulty in ascertaining that fact, we say it is quite reasonable to lay it down that he must have been a member of that approved society for some period.
    The Minister more or less gives away the case by inserting the words "at some time." He evidently has some period of time in his mind, and the suggestion of my right hon. Friend in his Amendment that it should be a period of at least 12 months is an invitation to the hon. Lady the Parliamentary Secretary to ex plain how far she would be prepared to go on these lines. The difficulty we are up against is that, whether the Minister likes it or not, there are in the Bill certain limitations on the number of widows of 55 who are going to get pensions. That is due on the one hand to the policy of the Minister in breaking away from the pledges of his Leader the Prime Minister, and, on the other hand, it is due to the promises held out by the Home Secretary at the election. What the Minister has done is to choose this arbitrary line of 55 and add conditions to it. We want to make sure that those conditions, such as they are, will bring no further in justices and create no further anomalies among the widows who will not, unfortunately, come within the scope of this Measure.
    I invite the hon. Lady to say why some period should not be inserted in the Bill in place of this very vague phrase "at some time." As the Bill stands to-day,
    1834
    the Minister is the final arbiter and his Department will have the last word with regard to these different categories of people. It is not my right hon. Friend the Member for Edgbaston (Mr. Chamberlain), or myself, or any others who sup port this Amendment, who are suggesting that this should be one of the qualifications of a widow for a pension. That is what the Minister has put into the Bill; it is not our proposal. As the Department will be the final judge, it is up to this Committee to see that we have some indication of what is meant by the words "at some time." It does not seem to me to be absolutely fair to put that responsibility upon the Department, at any rate until we see what fresh Amendments the right hon. Gentleman is going to produce later. So far, there is no way of appealing from the Department. I hope the hon. Lady will give us a clear explanation of any reasons she may have, if she has any, for not accepting this Amendment. Otherwise, I suggest that she should, in the very charming manner in which she could, accept the Amendment, and take it from me that the remarks which fell from the hon. Member behind her just now with regard to our trying to restrict the maximum number of widows to come within this Measure are entirely without foundation.
    Mr. JOHN BAKER: It is some satisfaction to Members on this side of the Committee to get an admission from Members on the other side that at least this Amendment is restrictive. Person ally I have felt that the whole of the Amendments "moved from the other side have been restrictive, and that the desire is to reduce the numbers coming under the Act; or that, if that be not so, granting to hon. Members opposite the intelligence which we believe they have, all these Amendments are merely blocking Amendments moved in the hope of wrecking the Bill. I hope that some Member speaking from the other side, either in the discussion on this Amendment or on some of the other Amendments, will tell us that they are going to drop the bunkum of trying to persuade this Committee that they are only moving these Amendments with a view to saving money so that other categories of persons can be included who in their opinion ought to come within the scope of the Bill.

    1835
    Last week, in the discussion on an Amendment, I asked a speaker to tell me, before he resumed his seat, if he could give a single instance of a person who will not get a pension under this Bill and who would get a pension under any of the Amendments moved by the Opposition up to the present. Unless we are given some categories of people who can be thus covered, I shall continue to hold the view that hon. Members opposite are mere obstructionists. There has been some talk to-night on the question of proving length of time in connection with this Amendment. Surely it is more difficult to prove a long time than a short time. Under the Act that we are trying to amend there are people who have lost widows' pensions because their husbands died an hour-and-a-half before the Act came into operation, and if this Amendment were in force there might be people dying who had worked 11 months and two weeks and whose widows would lose a pension because the period of 12 months was insisted upon.
    Captain WATERHOUSE: Has the hon. Member considered the case of the widow whose age is 54 years, 11 months and one day?
    Mr. BAKER: You want to ask the Minister of Health that question—
    The CHAIRMAN: It is becoming the custom for hon. Members to address one another across the Floor. I must remind them that, if they wish to address questions to hon. or right hon. Gentlemen on the other side, they should do so through me.
    Mr. BAKER: I do not see what bearing the hon. and gallant Member's question has on the point under discussion. I suggest to you, Sir, that, if there is anyone in this Committee of whom he should ask that question, it is his own colleague the late Minister of Health. What I am arguing is that this Amendment is intentionally restrictive, that it is intended to be exclusive, that it will have the effect of depriving some widow of a pension, and that that is its object. I shall continue to believe that that is its object until hon. Members opposite give us some categories of persons who ought to be included in this Bill and are being left out. One of the supporters of the
    1836
    Amendment said that a man might be a master-man and, for some reasons of his own, might work for one week as a workman. But, if he were a master-man and were under the necessity of working even for one week as a workman so that he might live, he is surely sufficiently poverty-stricken to be classed in with the workers of the country, and his widow ought to be entitled to a pension under this Bill. Another case is that of a master-man who admittedly might not have any work, might not have any contract, and his financial position might be such as to compel him, by reason of his poverty, to seek work as an ordinary workman. The widow and dependants of a man of that type would be excluded by the people opposite from the operation of this Bill.
    The CHAIRMAN: I would point out to the hon. Member that, in my intervention just now, I was not rebuking him for referring to other hon. Members, but only drawing his attention to the fact that he should address the Committee through me.
    Mr. BAKER: I thought that I was telling you, Sir, of the wickedness of my colleagues on the opposite side of the Committee, and I thought that for once I was in order. I am not in agreement with them. I think I have said that quite emphatically, and I hope that they are going, as I said last week, to save their face and withdraw their Amendment.
    Major GEORGE DAVIES: We sympathise with the hon. Member for Bilston (Mr. J. Baker) in the difficulty he finds in conforming to the recognised usages of this Assembly, but I think it hardly lies in his mouth to accuse us of wanting to put restrictive provisions into the Bill. Indeed, towards the end of his speech, he wandered away from the line of country that he had been following, and took up a question which has already been debated at some length in connection with this Measure, namely, whether the provisions of this extraordinary Bill should apply to those who could prove need or not, because some of his examples were simply examples on the question of need.
    As to whether we are attempting in this Amendment to include further restric-

    1837
    tions, I would like to draw the attention of the Committee to the fact that from the very commencement there are restrictive Clauses in the Bill itself. For example, the very fact that a fixed age has been put in is in itself a restriction, and the hon. Member himself has alluded to the difficulties attendant upon any fixed provision as to amount or period or age. In doing so he has merely drawn attention to what is inevitable in any Measure or regulation which sets a limit. There was a provision during the War with regard to those who went overseas, whereby those who landed before mid night on the 31st December received a certain decoration, while those who landed just after midnight were not en titled to it. Admittedly, those who are on the dividing line suffer from a restriction. If you lay down an age of 75, 65, 55, or whatever you like, those who fall just below it suffer from the restriction. Therefore, so far as the general argument on the question of restriction is concerned, it is completely immaterial.
    In this Bill, as in many Acts of Parliament, some restrictive provision as to date or period is inevitable. Those who do not just fall within the purview of the Measure are, so to speak, out of luck. We have to admit that, and this Bill in its restrictions, which already exist and which have already been passed by the Committee, does not depart from that fact of introducing certain restrictions which of themselves must create hard ships which did not exist before the restrictions were put forward. Hon. Members opposite cannot get away from that, which is our fundamental objection to the Bill. It is all very well to charge us with being hard hearted, whereas they are all soft hearted. I say nothing about heads, because I might be called to order. But it is really pointless, when we are arguing a Bill like this, to fling across the Floor of the House the sort of charges which the Minister of Health himself has flung in an airy way at us, and if we suggest anything in retaliation there is immediately a great uproar that we have insulted hon. Members opposite. I trust that no hon. Member, particularly the hon. Member for Rochdale (Mr. Kelly), who knows me well, would think I would be so rash as to endeavour to insult hon. Members opposite. What is sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander, and it
    1838
    does not assist in the passage of the Bill to indulge in that sort of back chat and repartee.
    The hon. Member who has just spoken spent a great deal of his time in pointing out how wicked we were in trying to introduce a further restriction. It is admitted that it is a further restriction, but not in order to cut out certain deserving people. It is aimed, in common with all the Amendments we have put down, to say that if you once depart from what was admittedly a restrictive provision, the one that was applicable in the original Act, the question of insurable and contributory cases, you land yourself into a morass of difficulties, and we are trying to prevent hon. Members opposite from getting deep into a morass by following the will of the wisps which are put forward from their Front Bench, and to put in front of them a true light which will bring their feet back to firmer land.
    With regard to the actual merits of the Amendment, when we were children and had fruit tarts we used to say, "This year, next year, some time, never!" The first two and the last are perfectly desirable measures to put into an Act of Parliament because you know where you are, but Acts of Parliament have to be interpreted by the Courts, and when you use such an expression as "sometimes" you are simply asking for trouble. It seems to me entirely unsatisfactory that the right hon. Gentleman should seriously suggest that there should be this vague phrase in an Act of Parliament. I am not wedded to the actual period of 12 months.
    The hon. Member who spoke last was talking about need, just because it is restrictive, but I am sure he would be the first to admit that there should be a certain restriction that people who are well off and do not need assistance should not have it. When you have once departed from a restrictive covenant that can be enforced with a minimum of unfairness you get into a morass, and it is the duty of the Committee to try to restrict those restrictions as much as we can. That is the objective in this Amendment because, when you have a vague expression like this, in the first place it conveys different opinions to different minds. We are seeking, from a practical point of view, to remedy cer-

    1839
    tain unfairnesses, injustices and grievances which undoubtedly arise under the original Measure. That is common property. The question is what is the wisest way to do it. We consider that amongst the many unwise ways one of the unwisest has been selected. Nevertheless, having that before us, we have to admit that the doors have been opened wide to allow people whom neither side of the Committee wishes to see included, included. We are prevented by words which have been already passed from going back to that, but that does not alter the fact that we have still the problem before us of endeavouring to confine this unexpected largesse on the part of the Chancellor of the Exchequer into those channels where it will do the greatest amount of really deserved good. That is our objective all through, and it is the same objective in this Amendment, because while admittedly it may result in restricting certain people who under these vague words would get benefits, it would have a two-fold result. One is that by the particular restriction it will give us scope, under the maximum amount that has been voted into the financial provision, to include some people whom hon. Members opposite would desire to see included and who are excluded by the terms of the Bill. In the second place, it gives us a more concise, a more legal and a more satisfactory interpretation of what is meant.
    The hon. Lady may point out that 12 months is an unsatisfactory period and that nine, six or three would be better. Surely those perfectly definite periods would be incomparably better than this vague "some time." What does it mean? Does it mean a minute or an hour? One of the functions of the Committee is so to discuss and think out these problems ahead that, as far as we can, we can do what the Judges in our Courts always do. They say, "We have to interpret what is in the Act of Parliament and not what those who framed it meant or thought would be in it." That applies with increased force to this Amendment, so I hope hon. Members opposite, and particularly the hon. Lady, will realise that in bringing it forward we are really seeking to give a definite description of what the qualifications shall he and not leaving it in
    1840
    this vague way. If, as the result of this, a certain restrictive Measure is incorporated into the Bill, it will only be one of a number of infinitely more unsatisfactory and burdensome restrictions which we have already found. There fore, I trust the Amendment, or some modification of it, will commend itself to those in charge of the Bill and will be met in the spirit in which it has been put forward.
    Miss LAWRENCE: Far be it from me to charge anyone with so vile a crime as obstruction. I only say that, sitting with my pencil in my hand trying to take notes of the hon. and gallant Gentleman's speech, I could not find any point at all to take down. I did my very best, but I really could not gather any relation between his eloquent speech and this very narrow and technical Amendment.
    Major DAVIES: That is because the point of my speech was so blunt com pared with the point of the hon. Lady's pencil.
    Miss LAWRENCE: The right hon. Gentleman the Member for Edgbaston (Mr. Chamberlain), with the consent of your predecessor, Sir, and for the convenience of the Committee, asked that the two Amendments in his name should be debated together.
    Sir K. WOOD: No, my right hon. Friend in my presence expressly pointed out that the second Amendment raised a point altogether different from the first.
    Miss LAWRENCE: The right hon. Gentleman's memory must have failed him.
    Sir K. WOOD: Oh, no!
    Miss LAWRENCE: I think it is very bad for the right hon. Gentleman to go on saying "No, no." The right hon. Gentleman's memory has failed him, as he will see when he looks at the OFFICIAL REPORT. His right hon. Friend spoke of the two Amendments. He said that the first Amendment, which he was actually moving, was the weaker case of the two, that he was disposed to admit that membership of an approved society was a solid test. He said that in regard to the second, "at some time," the case was very strong. He did, therefore, discuss the two Amendments together.
    Sir K. WOOD: No, no!
    Miss LAWRENCE: He proceeded to discuss the second Amendment, and it is within the recollection of every Member of the Committee that he said that "the one which I actually move is not the stronger of the two." He thought the two things were so similar that with the permission of the Chairman he desired to discuss the two together. I think I must ask that the right hon. Gentleman, as my voice is weaker than his, should remain silent until I have finished. The right hon. Gentleman did not address anything in an effective way regarding the Amendment to which he was actually speaking. He admitted that membership of an approved society was bona fide evidence of real insurance, because a man could not join an approved society for a week or two. He then addressed his remarks to the second Amendment standing in his name, and argued very acutely that one would not say that normal employment "at some time" was a reasonable condition. "Normal" employment does not come into the first. Hon. Members will remember that the whole force of his eloquence was addressed to the fact that normal employment at some time should be normal employment within a period of three years.
    Sir K. WOOD: On a point of Order. I am sorry to interrupt the hon. Lady, but I really must put a point of Order now in case we have a misunderstanding as to the discussion. My right hon. Friend expressly observed in your absence that he reserved his right—because there might be some misapprehension about it—to put his case on the later Amendment in page 2, line 7, to leave out the words "at some time" and to insert instead thereof the words "for a period of at least twelve months." This Amendment, as he says, raises a different issue altogether, and all I want to be clear about is that we should not be discussing on this Amendment another matter which is altogether of a different nature. I want to avoid any misunderstanding or discussion upon the wrong Amendment. There are two different reasons for the two Amendments, and, as I understand the position, we are now discussing the first Amendment and not the second.
    9.0 p.m.
    Miss LAWRENCE: On that point of Order, Mr. Chairman, you will observe
    1842
    that the discussion circled round "normal" employment. "Normal" employment does not occur in the first Amendment, and the right hon. Gentleman spent the greater part of his speech in arguing that it was preferable to have 12 months of normal employment and not normal employment "at some time."
    Sir K. WOOD: I do not mind as long as it is expressly preserved to my right hon. Friend or to myself or to some of my hon. Friends whose names are put down to that Amendment to have the right to put our case as regards that particular matter.
    The CHAIRMAN: I must point out to the right hon. Gentleman and the hon. Lady that I was not present when such an arrangement was discussed, and the Deputy-Chairman has forgotten to tell me if there was any such arrangement. I will inquire into the matter.
    Sir K. WOOD: There was no arrangement.
    Miss LAWRENCE: I will proceed to answer the speech of the right hon. Gentleman on the second Amendment, on the point which was discussed by the Committee, as to whether our proposal that normal employment "at some time" within three years shall qualify for pensions. The right hon. Gentleman has said that that is absurd; that we must substitute for normal employment—
    The CHAIRMAN: It is very difficult for me. If it was not agreed that the Amendment in line 7 should come under discussion, any reference to it at the moment is out of order.
    Miss LAWRENCE: My trouble is—
    The CHAIRMAN: There is a difference of opinion in the Committee and until I find out who is right I cannot allow the discussion on the second Amendment.
    Miss LAWRENCE: You will have observed, since you have been in the Chair, that we have been discussing normal employment.
    Sir K. WOOD: No.
    Miss LAWRENCE: Oh, yes! We have been discussing not whether the fact that a member shall be in an approved society

    1843
    "at some time" will be sufficient justification, but whether "normal" employment was sufficient justification, and hon. Members have been talking about "normal" employment.
    The CHAIRMAN: All I know at the moment is that the question before the Committee is, in Clause 1, page 2, line 3, to leave out the words, "at some time" and to insert instead thereof the words, "for a period of at least twelve months." I understand that the arguments on that Amendment may have impinged on the argument of the next Amendment, and until I know the exact position the second Amendment is not before the Committee and at the moment I cannot accept a discussion upon it.
    Miss LAWRENCE: Of course, I bow at once to your ruling, but it is very hard upon me. I know that these things are necessary. I am entirely unable to answer any of the speeches to which I have listened and of which I have taken notes. Not one of the speakers has dealt with the point of the first Amendment. Not one has dealt with the point that membership of an approved society must be for 12 months. The proposer of the Amendment only touched upon that and said he was inclined to agree that membership of an approved society was in itself satisfactory evidence of effective insurance. As that is the case, I cannot reply to a single one of the speeches I have heard. I can only sit down, saying that the Mover himself agreed with my statement on the previous Amendment that membership of an approved society was satisfactory evidence, and that all the speeches were on the question of employment. I have to apologise to hon. Members that I have no argument which is in order.
    Sir K. WOOD: I will endeavour to address myself to the Amendment and, if I can, to give some reason why it should receive the consideration of the Committee and induce the right hon. Gentle man to give some reply on behalf of the Government. In regard to the little controversy which I regret I should have had with anyone opposite—[HON. MEMBERS: "Oh!"]—a personal controversy, I would point out that my right hon. Friend distinctly stated the difference
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    between the two Amendments. It will be found that no agreement whatever was made in connection with the matter.
    HON. MEMBERS: That is not so.
    The CHAIRMAN: There is no need to make contradictions across the Floor of the House. I am making inquiries.
    Mr. McKINLAY: Why should the right hon. Gentleman pursue a thing that you have ruled out?
    Sir K. WOOD: The hon. Member, who is a new Member, will perhaps learn in time—
    Mr. McKINLAY: I am not going to be lectured as a new Member by anyone in this House.
    The CHAIRMAN: The hon. Member must not interrupt.
    Sir K. WOOD: It is recognised that, when some observation is made from the benches opposite, there is always the right of reply on the other side to any statement that may have been made. The hon. Member will no doubt learn that in the course of time. The Amendment with which we have to deal is one of sub stance not only from the drafting point of view but from the point of view of the people who may be entitled to receive a pension under the Bill. Take the question of drafting. I do not know whether the right hon. Gentleman has any precedent—he may have—but it is not within my recollection that at any time in any Act of Parliament, especially in connection with what we may call the rights of particular individuals to pensions—
    The CHAIRMAN: The Deputy-Chair man sends me word that he understood discussion on the second Amendment would also be included. In those circumstances, one Debate will satisfy the Committee.
    Sir K. WOOD: Whatever the Deputy-Chairman says, we shall be agreeable to take it. I am content to accept such a Ruling, but there was no undertaking and no suggestion of an undertaking to that effect. I am now prepared to discuss both Amendments, and that will widen the scope of the Debate. At no time so far as I know has the vague expression "at some time," appeared in an Act of Parliament. It has been a matter of considerable criticism by the Judges who

    1845
    have to interpret Acts of Parliament that both Houses are loose and careless in the expressions that they incorporate in Acts of Parliament, and that it places a very undue burden upon the Judges as to their interpretation. There have been constant criticisms during many years to that effect. I wonder what will be said if we permit such a phrase as "at some time," to pass a Committee of the House of Commons to-night.
    Mr. GEORGE OLIVER: That surely is not difficult.
    Sir K. WOOD: The hon. Member says that that is not difficult. I am only a Member of what is called the lower branch of the legal profession. The hon. Member belongs to what is called the higher branch, so called because it gets the higher fees. No doubt, in the course of the Debate, he will explain why he does not think that the expression "at some time" is a difficult one. Not having the experience which the hon. Member has of legal matters, I confess that the words "at some time" rather astonish me. I can never hope to aspire but perhaps the hon. Member may aspire to occupy a position on the judicial bench. I wonder what he would say if he had to endeavour to define and interpret an Act of Parliament which said that at some time within three years before his death a man was registered as a member of an approved society, or as a deposit contributor. Speaking from that high judicial eminence, I think he would speak in terms of the severest condemnation of a vague and unsatisfactory term of that kind.
    My first criticism is that that particular phrase from the point of view of drafting and judicial interpretation is most unsatisfactory, because it is uncertain. I hope to hear the hon. Member for Ilkeston (Mr. G. Oliver) tell us what in his opinion that particular phrase means. Possibly that argument may be dismissed as technical, and it may be said that it is a minor point, and that if anything does go wrong with this particular phrase, Parliament may amend it in future. My objection, and the objection of my right hon. Friend, is not a technical objection but one which goes to the very substance of the proposal incorporated in the Bill. The
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    House of Commons, in its wisdom, having approved the expenditure of this large sum of money, and having rejected the proposal that this sum of money should be divided on more equal and fairer terms, we have to see whether we can in any way make the Measure more fair and more just. In some respects there has been no more unfair and no more unjust Measure ever proposed to the House. If we examine the Measure from that point of view, we get an illustration of the innumerable inequalities and injustices which arise in connection with this proposal.
    If you say that at some time within three years he was registered as a member of an approved society, or was a deposit contributor, certain conseqences may follow. There is no more difficult case, as hon. Members who are acquainted with the work of national insurance will agree, than what is called the man who goes out of insurance on account of the income limit. He may, under this particular provision, be in national insurance for a short time only, but by the progress he makes with his particular employer his salary is raised above what is called the national insurance income limit, and immediately and automatically he goes out of national insurance. The Minister of Health has said that this Bill is definitely incorporated with our national insurance system; and, for good or ill, that is the effect of the principal Act and of the Bill now before the Committee. What is the result? If you use these words "at some time" without giving any definition at all you will find yourself face to face with another grave inequality. For instance, you will find a widow whose husband was a small shopkeeper, or a man just over the income limit as far as national insurance is concerned. She is getting nothing at all out of the £80,000,000 which is being given as a free gift in connection with the Socialist Government's proposals. Another person may be in a much happier and more favourable position because for a short period of time, a week or a fortnight within three years before his death, her husband, owing to the peculiar circumstances of his case, registered as a member of an approved society.
    No one can defend a position of that kind from the point of view of equality

    1847
    or justice. It would be most unfair if this Amendment is not made; it would be unfair that the mere whim of registering as a member of an approved society should entitle a man's widow to a pension of 10s. a week for life without any contribution at all, while, on the other hand, the widow of a man who happened by a few shillings to be over the particular limit of income should get no pension. It is very necessary to avoid, as far as we can, the inequalities and in justices of these proposals. I do not think it is possible altogether, but, as far as we can, we should endeavour to do so, and it may be some reply to the widow of a man who has been so excluded to say that in the Act of Parliament it is laid down that for a certain period the deceased man was a member of an approved society or was a deposit contributor. That, at any rate, would be some reply, but to say to the person excluded from the provisions of this Bill that at some time within three years before his death the husband was registered as a member of an approved society cannot but bring more injustices and grievances and disappointments. That is one of the points of view we put forward in connection with a member of an approved society.
    Take the next case, which I have no doubt the Minister of Health has considered and upon which no doubt he will reply, the case of the deposit contributor. According to this proposal the deceased man must have been at some time before his death a deposit contributor. There is nothing upon which general knowledge is so insufficient and incomplete as that of deposit contributors. People believe that the average deposit contributor is a man in bad health who has been forced into the deposit contributor class. That is certainly not the case as regards a great number of people who belong to this class to-day. A large number who belong to this class are those who have neglected to join an approved society; they have not taken the necessary steps largely owing to their own carelessness and a lack of consideration for the benefits which would come to them; and they fall into the deposit contributor class. Is it the proposal of the Government that because a man such as that,
    1848
    at some time within three years before his death, fell into the deposit contributor class his widow is to receive a pension, in contradistinction to the case of a widow under 55 years of age? That is obviously another grave injustice, and certainly we shall hear a great deal more of that and of the other matter before this Bill has been long upon the Statute Book. I understand it is your desire, Mr. Chairman, that we should discuss the other Amendment of my right hon. Friend as well?
    The CHAIRMAN: I did not say it was my desire, but I understand that was the arrangement made.
    Sir K. WOOD: If that be so, I will now proceed to deal with what I may call the second part of these proposals. The other Amendment is in identical terms, but has a different implication. We are proposing in Sub-section (1, a, ii) to leave out the words "at some time," and to insert instead thereof the words "for a period of at least twelve months." If hon. Members will look at this proposal they will see that the difficulty which arises in connection with Sub section (1, a, i) is doubled when we come to Sub-section (1, a, ii), because you have no test as to whether a person was within three years before his death registered as a member of an approved society or was a deposit contributor. Here you have a much more difficult situation. Whoever undertakes this work will have to find whether his normal occupation was at some time within the said period employment in respect of which contributions under the principal Act would have been payable if that Act had been in force at that time. What the Lord Chief Justice would say about that provision I do not know. He would probably write another book. Certainly, the arguments which have been advanced for giving some definition in respect of Sub-section (1, a, i) are doubly reinforced when you come to the very vague and difficult question of interpreting Sub-section (1, a, ii). You have to go back to events of 40 years ago, and you have no test as to whether a man was a member of an approved society or whether he was a deposit contributor. All you have to do is to ascertain, according to the Bill, what his normal occupation was at some time within the said period.

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    I do suggest to anyone who wants to do the right and fair thing in connection with these proposals that obviously the phrase "at some time" ought to have some definition. Hon. Gentlemen who said it was easy to define the matter must have been thinking of Sub-section (1, a, i). I do not think even they could define in very precise terms what "sometime" means in dealing with the question of normal occupation. We have at any rate demonstrated the danger of this particular phrase in this particular connection. My right hon. Friend the Member for Edgbaston (Mr. Chamberlain) has made a proposal that there should be inserted the words "for a period of at least 12 months." That, at any rate, does give some preciseness and is a definition that is worthy of consideration. We are not tied to it, and if the right hon. Gentleman thinks it is too long a time he can make his own suggestion. We were accused at the beginning of the Debate of endeavouring to restrict the proposals under this Bill. That is a grave misconception of the arguments advanced from this bench. We have endeavoured to make the Bill fairer and more just, and if this particular Amendment were carried it would at any rate permit a number of people who will be excluded from these proposals, and who will bitterly resent it, to have some opportunity of getting their case considered. If the matter is hot considered in this Committee these people will demand consideration at the hands of Members in all parts of the House, if not now, at any rate when they come to face their constituents.
    Captain BOURNE: I had not intended to intervene in the Debate, but as the second Amendment will not be called I wish to make a few observations.
    Sir BASIL PETO: Did I understand the Chair to say we were to have only one Debate on the two Amendments or one on each Amendment, because I feel that the arguments for the second Amendment are much stronger and are different from those for the first Amendment?
    The CHAIRMAN: I said I understood the arrangement of the House was that there should be one discussion upon the two Amendments and that there would be two Divisions if necessary.
    Captain BOURNE: With regard to the first part of the Amendment, dealing with Sub-section (1, a, i), my main objection is purely drafting. There is some uncertainty as to what is meant by the words "at some time." The hon. Member for Ilkeston (Mr. G. Oliver) interrupted my right hon. Friend, who retorted that the hon. Member would at some time be a Judge of the High Court. In that case the words "at some time" referred to future events, but in this case we are dealing with the past. If a man has been registered for one week within the period before his death he will have been registered "at some time." In my opinion, as a humble student of the drafting of Acts of Parliament, that is absurd. This is a matter of some importance, because as far as I can understand the object of Sub-section (1, a, i) the whole point is to prove that the man was in fact a bona fide member of an approved society or a bona fide deposit contributor. The words which we are debating, "at some time," do import a certain amount of uncertainty of a somewhat undesirable character which might have to be interpreted in the Law Courts. I cannot help thinking that there should be some period inserted. I am not wedded to 12 months, but when you come to Sub-section (1, a, ii) I cannot make out, as it is drafted, what on earth it means. A man either has a normal occupation or he has not, but I cannot see how he can have a normal occupation "at some time." If his normal occupation is that of bricklayer but he temporarily goes on digging trenches, does he become normally a navvy?
    Mr. ARNOTT: Is the hon. Member trying to bring in the late Chancellor of the Exchequer under this Bill, because he was a bricklayer?
    Captain BOURNE: The hon. Member has raised a very interesting point as regards normal occupation. I think the right hon. Gentleman might reasonably claim that his normal occupation was that of a Cabinet Minister, but also it might be held that he was at some time employed as a bricklayer. [HON. MEMBERS: "But he has not left a widow!"] There is always a chance in the uncertainty of this life that he might leave a widow who might claim a pension under the Clause. It is very important when claims are put up that the conditions under which such claims are made should

    1851
    be perfectly definite. It is impossible to say that a man's normal occupation was at some time something. We can say his normal occupation was, in a period of three years, a certain job, but to say that "at some time," which I conclude in this case means "at any given moment," his normal occupation was something, seems to me a gross misuse of the English language. If the occupation was normal it must have been his normal occupation during the period in which contributions would have been payable if the principal Act had been in force. I quite agree that he might have changed after a period of time from one occupation to another, but it seems to me, as this Clause is drafted, that there will be a very great difficulty for the appeal tribunal, which I understand the right
    hon. Gentleman is prepared to set up, in interpreting this part of the Clause, and in deciding what was the normal occupation of any deceased man at some time. The difficulty would not be eased when we remember that some of these claims may go back for a very considerable period. In the interest of better drafting I urge the right hon. Gentleman to consider this point and to see if he cannot find some words a little more explicit than those in the Clause.
    Mr. GREENWOOD rose in his place, and claimed to move, "That the Question he now put."
    Question put, "That the Question be now put."
    The Committee divided: Ayes, 303; Noes, 106.

    Division No. 18.]

    AYES.

    [9.37 p.m.

    Adamson, Rt. Hon. W. (Fife, West)

    Cowan, D. M.

    Hayes, John Henry

    Adamson, W. M. (Staff., Cannock)

    Daggar, George

    Henderson, Right Hon. A. (Burnley)

    Addison, Rt. Hon. Dr. Christopher

    Dallas, George

    Henderson, Arthur, junr. (Cardiff, S.)

    Alexander, Rt. Hon. A. V. (Hillsbro')

    Davies, E. C. (Montgomery)

    Henderson, Thomas (Glasgow)

    Alpass, J. H.

    Davies, Rhys John (Westhoughton)

    Henderson, W. W. (Middx., Enfield)

    Ammon, Charles George

    Day, Harry

    Herriotts, J.

    Angell, Norman

    Denman, Hon. R. D.

    Hirst, G. H. (York W. R. Wentworth)

    Arnott, John

    Dickson, T.

    Hirst, W. (Bradford, South)

    Aske, Sir Robert

    Dudgeon, Major C. R.

    Hoffman, P. C.

    Attlee, Clement Richard

    Dukes, C.

    Hollins, A.

    Ayles, Walter

    Ede, James Chuter

    Hopkin, Daniel

    Baker, John (Wolverhampton, Bilston)

    Edge, Sir William

    Hore-Belisha, Leslie

    Baldwin, Oliver (Dudley)

    Edmunds, J. E.

    Horrabin, J. F.

    Barnes, Alfred John

    Edwards, C. (Monmouth, Bedwellty)

    Hudson, James H. (Huddersfield)

    Barr, James

    Edwards, E. (Morpeth)

    Hunter, Dr. Joseph

    Batey, Joseph

    Egan, W. H.

    Hutchison, Maj.-Gen. Sir R.

    Beckett, John (Camberwell, Peckham)

    Elmley, Viscount

    Isaacs, George

    Bellamy, Albert

    England, Colonel A.

    Jenkins, W. (Glamorgan, Neath)

    Benn, Rt. Hon. Wedgwood

    Evans, Capt. Ernest (Welsh Univer.)

    John, William (Rhondda, West)

    Bennett, Captain E. N. (Cardiff, Central)

    Forgan, Dr. Robert

    Johnston, Thomas

    Bennett, William (Battersea, South)

    Freeman, Peter

    Jones, F. Llewellyn- (Flint)

    Benson, G.

    Gardner, B. W. (West Ham, Upton)

    Jones, Henry Haydn (Merioneth)

    Bentham, Dr. Ethel

    Gardner, J. P. (Hammersmith, N.)

    Jones, J. J. (West Ham, Silvertown)

    Bevan, Aneurin (Ebbw Vale)

    George, Major G. Lloyd (Pembroke)

    Jones, Rt. Hon Leif (Camborne)

    Birkett, W. Norman

    George, Megan Lloyd (Anglesea)

    Jones, Morgan (Caerphilly)

    Blindell, James

    Gibbins, Joseph

    Jowett, Rt. Hon. F. W.

    Bowen, J. W.

    Gill, T. H.

    Jowitt, Rt. Hon. W. A.

    Bowerman, Rt. Hon. Charles W.

    Gillett, George M.

    Kedward, R. M. (Kent, Ashford)

    Broad, Francis Alfred

    Glassey, A. E.

    Kelly, W. T.

    Brockway, A. Fenner

    Gosling, Harry

    Kennedy, Thomas

    Bromfield, William

    Gossling, A. G.

    Kenworthy, Lt.-Com. Hon. Joseph M.

    Bromley, J.

    Gould, F.

    Kinley, J.

    Brothers, M.

    Graham, D. M. (Lanark, Hamilton)

    Kirkwood, D.

    Brown, C. W. E. (Notts, Mansfield)

    Gray, Milner

    Knight, Holford

    Brown, Ernest (Leith)

    Greenwood, Rt. Hon. A. (Colne).

    Lambert, Rt. Hon. George (S. Molton)

    Brown, James (Ayr and Bute)

    Grenfell, D. R. (Glamorgan)

    Lang, Gordon

    Buchanan, G.

    Griffith, F. Kingsley (Middlesbro' W.)

    Lathan, G.

    Burgess, F. G.

    Griffiths, T. (Monmouth, Pontypool)

    Law, Albert (Bolton)

    Burgin, Dr. E. L.

    Groves, Thomas E.

    Law, A. (Rosendale)

    Buxton, C. R. (Yorks. W. R. Elland)

    Grundy, Thomas W.

    Lawrence, Susan

    Buxton, Rt. Hon. Noel (Norfolk, N.)

    Hall, F. (York, W. R., Normanton)

    Lawrie, Hugh Hartley (Stalybridge)

    Caine, Derwent Hall.

    Hall, G. H. (Merthyr Tydvil)

    Lawson, John James

    Cameron, A. G.

    Hall, Capt. W. P. (Portsmouth, C.)

    Lawther, W. (Barnard Castle)

    Cape, Thomas

    Hamilton, Mary Agnes (Blackburn)

    Leach, W.

    Carter, W. (St. Pancras, S. W.)

    Hamilton, Sir R. (Orkney & Zetland)

    Lee, Frank (Derby, N. E.)

    Charleton, H. C.

    Harbord, A.

    Lee, Jennie (Lanark, Northern)

    Chater, Daniel

    Hardie, George D.

    Lees, J.

    Church, Major A. G.

    Harris, Percy A.

    Lewis, T. (Southampton)

    Cluse, W. S.

    Hartshorn, Rt. Hon. Vernon

    Lindley, Fred W.

    Clynes, Rt. Hon. John R.

    Hastings, Dr. Somerville

    Lloyd, C. Ellis

    Cocks, Frederick Seymour

    Haycock, A. W.

    Longbottom, A. W.

    Compton, Joseph

    Hayday, Arthur

    Longden, F.

    Lowth, Thomas

    Phillips, Dr. Marion

    Sorensen, R.

    Lunn, William

    Picton-Tubervill, Edith

    Spero, Dr. G. E.

    Macdonald, Gordon (Ince)

    Pole, Major D. G.

    Stamford, Thomas W.

    MacDonald, Rt. Hon. J. R. (Seaham)

    Ponsonby, Arthur

    Stephen, Campbell

    McElwee, A.

    Potts, John S.

    Stewart, J. (St. Rollox)

    McEntee, V. L.

    Price, M. P.

    Strauss, G. R.

    Mackinder, W.

    Pybus, Percy John

    Sullivan, J.

    McKinlay, A.

    Quibell, D. J. K.

    Sutton, J. E.

    MacLaren, Andrew

    Ramsay, T. B. Wilson

    Taylor, R. A. (Lincoln)

    Maclean, Sir Donald (Cornwall, N.)

    Raynes, W. R.

    Taylor, W. B. (Norfolk, S.W.)

    Maclean, Neil (Glasgow, Govan)

    Richards, R.

    Thomas, Rt. Hon. J. H, (Derby)

    McShane, John James

    Richardson, R. (Houghton-le-Spring)

    Thorne, W. (West Ham, Plaistow)

    Malone, C. L'Estrange (N'thampton)

    Riley, Ben (Dewsbury)

    Thurtle, Ernest

    Mansfield, W,

    Riley, F. F. (Stockton-on-Tees)

    Tillett, Ben

    March, S.

    Ritson, J.

    Tinker, John Joseph

    Markham, S. F.

    Roberts, Rt. Hon. F. O. (W. Bromwich)

    Toole, Joseph

    Marley, J.

    Robinson, Sir T. (Lancs. Stretford)

    Tout, W. J.

    Mathers, George

    Romeril, H. G.

    Townend, A. E.

    Matters, L. W.

    Rosbotham, D. S. T.

    Trevelyan, Rt. Hon. Sir Charles

    Maxton, James

    Rowson, Guy

    Turner, B.

    Melville, J. B.

    Russell, Richard John (Eddisbury)

    Vaughan, D. J.

    Messer, Fred

    Salter, Dr. Alfred

    Viant, S. P.

    Middleton, G.

    Samuel, H. W. (Swansea, West)

    Walker, J.

    Mills, J. E.

    Sanders, W. S.

    Wallace, H. W.

    Milner, J.

    Sandham, E.

    Wallhead, Richard C.

    Montague, Frederick

    Sawyer, G. F.

    Watkins, F. C.

    Morgan, Dr. H. B.

    Scott, James

    Watson, W. M. (Dunfermline)

    Morley, Ralph

    Scurr, John

    Watts-Morgan, Lt.-Col. D. (Rhondda)

    Morris-Jones, Dr. J. H. (Denbigh)

    Sexton, James

    Wellock, Wilfred

    Morrison, Herbert (Hackney, South)

    Shakespeare, Geoffrey H.

    Welsh, James (Paisley)

    Morrison, Robert C. (Tottenham, N.)

    Shaw, Rt. Hon. Thomas (Preston)

    Welsh, James C. (Coatbridge)

    Mort, D. L.

    Shepherd, Arthur Lewis

    West, F. R.

    Moses, J. J. H.

    Sherwood, G. H.

    Westwood, Joseph

    Mosley, Lady C. (Stoke-on-Trent)

    Shield, George William

    Wheatley, Rt. Hon. J.

    Mosley, Sir Oswald (Smethwick)

    Shiels, Dr. Drummond

    Whiteley, Wilfrid (Birm., Ladywood)

    Muff, G.

    Shillaker, J. F.

    Wilkinson, Ellen C.

    Muggeridge, H. T.

    Shinwell, E.

    Williams, David (Swansea, East)

    Murnin, Hugh

    Short, Alfred (Wednesbury)

    Williams, Dr. J. H. (Lianelly)

    Noel Baker, P. J.

    Simmons, C. J.

    Williams, T. (York, Don Valley)

    Oldfield, J. R.

    Simon, E. D. (Manch'ter, Withington)

    Wilson, C. H. (Sheffield, Attercliffe)

    Oliver, George Harold (Ilkeston)

    Sinkinson, George

    Wilson, J. (Oldham)

    Oliver, P. M. (Man., Blackley)

    Smith, Alfred (Sunderland)

    Wilson, R. J. (Jarrow)

    Owen, Major G. (Carnarvon)

    Smith, Ben (Bermondsey, Rotherhithe)

    Winterton, G. E. (Leicester, Loughb'gh)

    Owen, H. F. (Hereford)

    Smith, Frank (Nuneaton)

    Wise, E. F.

    Palin, John Henry

    Smith, H. B. Lees (Keighley)

    Wright, W. (Rutherglen)

    Paling, Wilfrid

    Smith, Rennie (Penistone)

    Young, R. S. (Islington, North)

    Palmer, E. T.

    Smith, Tom (Pontefract)

    Perry, S. F.

    Smith, W. R. (Norwich)

    TELLERS FOR THE AYES.—

    Peters, Dr. Sidney John

    Snowden, Rt. Hon. Philip

    Mr. Allen Parkinson and Mr. Whiteley.

    Pethick-Lawrence, F. W.

    Snowden, Thomas (Accrington)

    NOES.

    Acland-Troyte, Lieut.-Colonel

    Fremantle, Lieut.-Colonel Francis E.

    Makins, Brigadier-General E.

    Atholl, Duchess of

    Ganzoni, Sir John

    Margesson, Captain H. D.

    Atkinson, C.

    Gault, Lieut.-Col. Andrew Hamilton

    Mason, Colonel Glyn K.

    Beamish, Rear-Admiral T. P. H.

    Gibson, C. G. (Pudsey & Otley)

    Mitchell-Thomson, Rt. Hon. Sir W.

    Beaumont, M. W.

    Gilmour, Lt.-Col. Rt. Hon. Sir John

    Monsell, Eyres, Com. Rt. Hon. Sir B.

    Bevan, S. J. (Holborn)

    Glyn, Major R. G. C.

    Moore, Sir Newton J. (Richmond)

    Birchall, Major Sir John Dearman

    Graham, Fergus (Cumberland, N.)

    Moore, Lieut.-Colonel T. C. R. (Ayr)

    Bourne, Captain Robert Croft

    Grattan-Doyle, Sir N.

    Morrison Hugh (Wilts, Salisbury)

    Bracken, B.

    Greene, W. P. Crawford

    Morrison, W. S. (Glos., Cirencester)

    Brown, Brig.-Gen. H. C. (Berks, Newb'y)

    Gritten, W. G. Howard

    Muirhead, A. J.

    Buckingham, Sir H.

    Gunston, Captain D. W.

    Oman, Sir Charles William C.

    Butler, R. A.

    Hall, Lieut.-Col. Sir F. (Dulwich)

    Peake, Captain Osbert

    Castlestewart, Earl of

    Hannon, Patrick Joseph Henry

    Penny, Sir George

    Chadwick, Sir Robert Burton

    Harvey, Major S. E. (Devon, Totnes)

    Peto, Sir Basil E. (Devon, Barnstaple)

    Chapman, Sir S.

    Henderson, Capt. R. R. (Oxf'd, Henley)

    Purbrick, R.

    Christie, J. A.

    Heneage, Lieut.-Colonel Arthur P.

    Rawson, Sir Cooper

    Colfox, Major William Philip

    Hennessy, Major Sir G. R. J.

    Remer, John R.

    Crichton-Stuart, Lord C.

    Hoare, Lt.-Col. Rt. Hon. Sir S. J. G.

    Roberts, Sir Samuel (Ecclesall)

    Crookshank, Cpt. H. (Lindsey, Gainsbro)

    Hudson, Capt. A. U. M. (Hackney, N.)

    Ross, Major Ronald D.

    Croom-Johnson, R. P.

    Hunter-Weston, Lt.-Gen. Sir Aylmer

    Ruggles-Brise, Lieut.-Colonel E. A.

    Culverwell, C. T. (Bristol, West)

    Hurd, Percy A.

    Russell, Alexander West (Tynemouth)

    Davies, Dr. Vernon

    James, Lieut.-Colonel Hon. Cuthbert

    Sandeman, Sir N. Stewart

    Davies, Maj. Geo. F. (Somerset, Yeovil)

    Kindersley, Major G. M.

    Savery, S. S.

    Eden, Captain Anthony

    King, Commodore Rt. Hon. Henry D.

    Sinclair, Col. T. (Queen's U., Belfst)

    Elliot, Major Walter E.

    Lamb, Sir J. Q.

    Smith-Carington, Neville W.

    Everard, W. Lindsay

    Lane Fox, Col. Rt. Hon. George R.

    Smithers, Waldron

    Falle, Sir Bertram G.

    Law, Sir Alfred (Derby, High Peak)

    Somerset, Thomas

    Fielden, E. B.

    Leighton, Major B. E. P.

    Somerville, D. G. (Willesden, East)

    Fison, F. G. Clavering

    Lewis, Oswald (Colchester)

    Spender-Clay, Colonel H.

    Ford, Sir P. J.

    Macdonald, Capt. P. D. (I. of W.)

    Stuart, J. C. (Moray and Nairn)

    Forestier-Walker, Sir L.

    Mac Robert, Rt. Hon. Alexander M.

    Sueter, Rear-Admiral M. F.

    1854

    1855

    Thomas, Major L. B. (King's Norton)

    Ward, Lt.-Col. A. L. (Kingston-on-Hull)

    Wood, Rt. Hon. Sir Kingsley

    Thomson, Sir F.

    Wardlaw-Milne, J. S.

    Tinne, J. A.

    Waterhouse, Captain Charles

    TELLERS FOR THE NOES.—

    Titchfield, Major the Marquess of

    Wells, Sydney R.

    Captain Sir George Bowyer and Sir Victor Warrender.

    Train, J.

    Wilson, G. H. A. (Cambridge U.)

    Tryon, Rt. Hon. George Clement

    Windsor-Clive, Lieut.-Colonel George

    Question put accordingly, "That the words 'at some time' stand part of the Clause."
    The Committee divided: Ayes, 307; Noes, 118.

    Division No. 19.]

    AYES.

    [9.48 p.m.

    Adamson, Rt. Hon. W. (Fife, West)

    Evans, Capt. Ernest (Welsh Univer.)

    Lambert, Rt. Hon. George (S. Molton)

    Adamson, W. M. (Staff., Cannock)

    Foot, Isaac

    Lang, Gordon

    Addison, Rt. Hon. Or. Christopher

    Forgan, Dr. Robert

    Lathan, G.

    Alexander, Rt. Hon. A. V. (Hillsbro')

    Freeman, Peter

    Law, Albert (Bolton)

    Alpass, J. H.

    Gardner, B. W. (West Ham, Upton)

    Law, A. (Rosendale)

    Ammon, Charles George

    Gardner, J. P. (Hammersmith, N.)

    Lawrence, Susan

    Angell, Norman

    George, Major G. Lloyd (Pembroke)

    Lawrie, Hugh Hartley (Stalybridge)

    Arnott, John

    George, Megan Lloyd (Anglesea)

    Lawson, John James

    Aske, Sir Robert

    Gibbins, Joseph

    Lawther, W. (Barnard Castle)

    Attlee, Clement Richard

    Gill, T. H.

    Leach, W.

    Ayles, Walter

    Gillett, George M.

    Lee, Frank (Derby, N.E.)

    Baker, John (Wolverhampton, Bilston)

    Glassey, A. E.

    Lee, Jennie (Lanark, Northern)

    Baldwin, Oliver (Dudley)

    Gosling, Harry

    Lees, J.

    Barnes, Alfred John

    Gossling, A. G.

    Lewis, T. (Southampton)

    Barr, James

    Gould, F.

    Lindley, Fred W.

    Batey, Joseph

    Graham, D. M. (Lanark, Hamilton)

    Lloyd, C. Ellis

    Beckett, John (Camberwell, Peckham)

    Graham, Rt. Hon. Wm. (Edin., Cent.)

    Longbottom, A. W.

    Bellamy, Albert

    Gray, Milner

    Longden, F.

    Benn, Rt. Hon. Wedgwood

    Greenwood, Rt. Hon. A. (Colne)

    Lowth, Thomas

    Bennett, Captain E.N. (Cardiff, Central)

    Grenfell, D. R. (Glamorgan)

    Lunn, William

    Bennett, William (Battersea, South)

    Griffith, F. Kingsley (Middlesbro' W.)

    Macdonald, Gordon (Ince)

    Benson, G.

    Griffiths, T. (Monmouth, Pontypool)

    MacDonald, Rt. Hon. J. R. (Seaham)

    Bentham, Dr. Ethel

    Groves, Thomas E.

    Macdonald, Sir M. (Inverness)

    Bevan, Aneurin (Ebbw Vale)

    Grundy, Thomas W.

    McElwee, A.

    Birkett, W. Norman

    Hall, F. (York, W.R., Normanton)

    McEntee, V. L.

    Blindell, James

    Hall, G. H. (Merthyr Tydvil)

    Mackinder, W.

    Bowen, J. W.

    Hall, Capt. W. p. (Portsmouth, C.)

    McKinlay, A.

    Bowerman, Rt. Hon. Charles W.

    Hamilton, Mary Agnes (Blackburn)

    Maclean, Sir Donald (Cornwall, N.)

    Broad, Francis Alfred

    Hamilton, Sir R. (Orkney & Zetland)

    Maclean, Neil (Glasgow, Govan)

    Brockway, A. Fenner

    Harbord, A.

    McShane, John James

    Bromfield, William

    Hardie, George D.

    Malone, C. L'Estrange (N'thampton)

    Bromley, J.

    Harris, Percy A.

    Mansfield, W.

    Brothers, M.

    Hartshorn, Rt. Hon. Vernon

    March, S.

    Brown, C. W. E. (Notts, Mansfield)

    Hastings, Dr. Somerville

    Markham, S. F.

    Brown, Ernest (Leith)

    Haycock, A. W.

    Marley, J.

    Brown, James (Ayr and Bute)

    Hayday, Arthur

    Mathers, George

    Buchanan, G.

    Hayes, John Henry

    Matters, L. W.

    Burgess, F. G.

    Henderson, Right Hon. A. (Burnley)

    Maxton, James

    Burgin, Dr. E. L.

    Henderson, Arthur, Junr. (Cardiff, S.)

    Melville, J. B.

    Buxton, C. R. (Yorks. W. R. Elland)

    Henderson, Thomas (Glasgow)

    Messer, Fred

    Buxton, Rt. Hon. Noel (Norfolk, N.)

    Henderson, W. W. (Middx., Enfield)

    Middleton, G.

    Caine, Derwent Hall-

    Herriotts, J.

    Millar, J. D.

    Cameron, A. G.

    Hirst, G. H. (York, W. R.,Wentworth)

    Mills, J. E.

    Cape, Thomas

    Hirst, W. (Bradford, South)

    Milner, J.

    Carter, W. (St. Pancras, S.W.)

    Hoffman, P. C.

    Montague, Frederick

    Charleton, H. C.

    Hollins, A.

    Morgan, Dr. H. B.

    Chater, Daniel

    Hopkin, Daniel

    Morley, Ralph

    Church, Major A. G.

    Hore-Belisha, Leslie

    Morris-Jones, Dr. J. H. (Denbigh)

    Cluse, W. S.

    Horrabin, J. F.

    Morrison, Herbert (Hackney, South)

    Clynes, Rt. Hon. John R.

    Hudson, James H. (Huddersfield)

    Morrison, Robert C. (Tottenham, N.)

    Cocks, Frederick Seymour

    Hunter, Dr. Joseph

    Mort, D. L.

    Compton, Joseph

    Hutchison, Maj.-Gen. Sir R.

    Moses, J. J. H.

    Daggar, George

    Isaacs, George

    Mosley, Lady C. (Stoke-on-Trent)

    Dallas, George

    Jenkins, W. (Glamorgan, Neath)

    Mosley, Sir Oswald (Smethwick)

    Dalton, Hugh

    John, William (Rhondda, West)

    Muff, G.

    Davies, E. C. (Montgomery)

    Johnston, Thomas

    Muggeridge, H. T.

    Davies, Rhys John (Westhoughton)

    Jones, F. Llewellyn- (Flint)

    Murnin, Hugh

    Day, Harry

    Jones, Henry Haydn (Merioneth)

    Newman, Sir R. H. S. D. L. (Exeter)

    Denman, Hon. R. D.

    Jones, J. J. (West Ham, Silvertown)

    Oldfield, J. R.

    Dickson, T.

    Jones, Rt. Hon Leif (Camborne)

    Oliver, George Harold (Ilkeston)

    Dudgeon, Major C. R.

    Jones, Morgan (Caerphilly)

    Oliver, P. M. (Man., Blackley)

    Dukes, C.

    Jowett, Rt. Hon. F. W.

    Owen, Major G. (Carnarvon)

    Ede, James Chuter

    Jowitt, Rt. Hon. W. A.

    Owen, H. F. (Hereford)

    Edge, Sir William

    Kedward, R. M. (Kent, Ashford)

    Palin, John Henry

    Edmunds, J. E.

    Kelly, W. T.

    Paling, Wilfrid

    Edwards, C. (Monmouth, Bedwellty)

    Kennedy, Thomas

    Palmer, E. T.

    Edwards, E. (Morpeth)

    Kenworthy Lt.-Com. Hon. Joseph M.

    Perry, S. F.

    Egan, W. H.

    Kinley, J.

    Peters, Dr. Sidney John

    Elmley, Viscount

    Kirkwood, D.

    Pethick-Lawrence, F. W.

    England, Colonel A.

    Knight, Holford

    Phillips, Dr. Marion

    Picton-Tubervill, Edith

    Shiels, Dr. Drummond

    Townend, A. E.

    Pole, Major D. G.

    Shillaker, J. F.

    Trevelyan, Rt. Hon. Sir Charles

    Ponsonby, Arthur

    Shinwell, E.

    Turner, B.

    Potts, John S.

    Short, Alfred (Wednesbury)

    Vaughan, D. J.

    Price, M. P.

    Simmons, C. J.

    Viant, S. P.

    Pybus, Percy John

    Simon, E. D. (Manch'ter, Withington)

    Walker, J.

    Quibell, D. J. K.

    Sinkinson, George

    Wallace, H. W.

    Ramsay, T. B. Wilson

    Smith, Alfred (Sunderland)

    Wallhead, Richard C.

    Raynes, W. R.

    Smith, Ben (Bermondsey, Rotherhithe)

    Watkins, F. C.

    Richards, R.

    Smith, Frank (Nuneaton)

    Watson, W. M. (Dunfermline)

    Richardson, R. (Houghton-le-Spring)

    Smith, H. B. Lees (Keighley)

    Watts-Morgan, Lt.-Col. D. (Rhondda)

    Riley, Ben (Dewsbury)

    Smith, Rennie (Penistone)

    Wellock, Wilfred

    Riley, F. F. (Stockton-on-Tees)

    Smith, Tom (Pontefract)

    Welsh, James (Paisley)

    Ritson, J.

    Smith, W. R. (Norwich)

    Welsh, James C. (Coatbridge)

    Roberts, Rt. Hon. F. O. (W. Bromwich)

    Snowden, Rt. Hon. Philip

    West, F. R.

    Robinson, Sir T. (Lancs, Stretford)

    Snowden, Thomas (Accrington)

    Westwood, Joseph

    Romeril, H. G.

    Sorensen, R.

    Wheatley, Rt. Hon. J.

    Rosbotham, D. S. T.

    Spero, Dr. G. E.

    Whiteley, Wilfrid (Birm., Ladywood)

    Rowson, Guy

    Stamford, Thomas W.

    Wilkinson, Ellen C.

    Russell, Richard John (Eddisbury)

    Stephen, Campbell

    Williams, David (Swansea, East)

    Salter, Dr. Alfred

    Stewart, J. (St. Rollox)

    Williams, Dr. J. H. (Llanelly)

    Samuel, H. W. (Swansea, West)

    Strauss, G. R.

    Williams, T. (York, Don Valley)

    Sanders, W. S.

    Sullivan, J.

    Wilson, C. H. (Sheffield, Attercliffe)

    Sandham, E.

    Sutton, J. E.

    Wilson, J. (Oldham)

    Sawyer, G. F.

    Taylor R. A. (Lincoln)

    Wilson, R. J. (Jarrow)

    Scott, James

    Taylor, W. B. (Norfolk, S.W.)

    Winterton, G. E. (Leicester, Loughb'gh)

    Scurr, John

    Thomas, Rt. Hon. J. H. (Derby)

    Wise, E. F.

    Sexton, James

    Thorne, W. (West Ham, Plaistow)

    Wright, W. (Rutherglen)

    Shakespeare, Geoffrey H.

    Thurtle, Ernest

    Young, R. S. (Islington, North)

    Shaw, Rt. Hon. Thomas (Preston)

    Tillett, Ben

    Shepherd, Arthur Lewis

    Tinker, John Joseph

    TELLERS FOR THE AYES.—

    Sherwood, G. H.

    Toole, Joseph

    Mr. Allen Parkinson and Mr. Whiteley.

    Shield, George William

    Tout, W. J.

    NOES.

    Acland-Troyte, Lieut.-Colonel

    Gault, Lieut.-Col. Andrew Hamilton

    Percy, Lord Eustace (Hastings)

    Albery, Irving James

    Gibson, C. G. (Pudsey & Otley)

    Peto, Sir Basil E. (Devon, Barnstaple)

    Atholl, Duchess of

    Gilmour, Lt.-Col. Rt. Hon. Sir John

    Purbrick, R.

    Atkinson, C.

    Glyn, Major R. G. C.

    Ramsbotham, H.

    Baldwin, Rt. Hon. Stanley (Bewdley)

    Graham, Fergus (Cumberland, N.)

    Rawson, Sir Cooper

    Beamish, Rear-Admiral T. P. H.

    Grattan-Doyle, Sir N.

    Remer, John R.

    Beaumont M. w.

    Greene, W. P. Crawford

    Roberts, Sir Samuel (Ecclesall)

    Bevan, S. J. (Holborn)

    Gritten, W. G. Howard

    Rodd, Rt. Hon. Sir James Rennell

    Birchall, Major Sir John Dearman

    Gunston, Captain D. W.

    Ross, Major Ronald D.

    Bourne, Captain Robert Croft

    Hall, Lieut.-Col. Sir F. (Dulwich)

    Ruggles-Brise, Lieut.-Colonel E. A.

    Bowyer, Captain Sir George E. W.

    Hannon, Patrick Joseph Henry

    Russell, Alexander West (Tynemouth)

    Bracken, B.

    Harvey, Major S. E. (Devon, Totnes)

    Sandeman, Sir N. Stewart

    Brown, Brig.-Gen. H. C. (Berks, Newb'y)

    Henderson, Capt. R. R. (Oxf'd, Henley)

    Savery, S. S.

    Buckingham, Sir H.

    Heneage, Lieut.-Colonel Arthur P.

    Sinclair, Col. T. (Queen's U., Belfast)

    Butler, R. A.

    Hennessy, Major Sir G. R. J.

    Skelton, A. N.

    Castlestewart, Earl of

    Hoare, Lt.-Col. Rt. Hon. Sir S. J. G.

    Smith-Carington, Neville W.

    Chadwick, Sir Robert Burton

    Hudson, Capt. A. U. M. (Hackney, N.)

    Smithers, Waldron

    Chamberlain, Rt. Hon. N. (Edgbaston)

    Hunter-Weston, Lt.-Gen. Sir Aylmer

    Somerset, Thomas

    Chapman, Sir S.

    Hurd, Percy A.

    Somerville, D. G. (Willesden, East)

    Christie, J. A.

    James, Lieut.-Colonel Hon. Cuthbert

    Spender-Clay, Colonel H.

    Colfox, Major William Philip

    Kindersley, Major G. M.

    Stanley, Lord (Fylde)

    Cranbourne, Viscount

    King, Commodore Rt. Hon. Henry D.

    Stanley, Maj. Hon. O. (W'morland)

    Crichton-Stuart, Lord C.

    Lamb, Sir J. Q.

    Stuart, J. C. (Moray and Nairn)

    Crookshank, Cpt.H. (Lindsey, Gainsbro)

    Lane Fox, Rt. Hon. George R.

    Sueter, Rear-Admiral M. F.

    Croom-Johnson, R. P.

    Law, Sir Alfred (Derby, High Peak)

    Thomas, Major L. B. (King's Norton)

    Culverwell, C. T. (Bristol, West)

    Leighton, Major B. E. P.

    Thomson, Sir F.

    Cunliffe-Lister, Rt. Hon. Sir Philip

    Lewis, Oswald (Colchester)

    Tinne, J. A.

    Davies, Dr. Vernon

    Macdonald, Capt. P. D. (I. of W.)

    Titchfield, Major the Marquess of

    Davies, Maj. Geo. F. (Somerset, Yeovil)

    MacRobert, Rt. Hon. Alexander M.

    Train, J.

    Duckworth, G. A. V.

    Makins, Brigadier-General E.

    Tryon, Rt. Hon. George Clement

    Dugdale, Capt. T. L.

    Margesson, Captain H. D.

    Ward, Lt.-Col. A. L. (Kingston-on-Hull)

    Eden, Captain Anthony

    Mason, Colonel Glyn K.

    Wardlaw-Milne, J. S.

    Elliot, Major Walter E.

    Mitchell-Thomson, Rt. Hon. Sir W.

    Waterhouse, Captain Charles

    Everard, W. Lindsay

    Monsell, Eyres, Com. Rt. Hon. Sir B.

    Wells, Sydney R.

    Falle, Sir Bertram G.

    Moore, Sir Newton J. (Richmond)

    Wilson, G. H. A. (Cambridge U.)

    Fielden, E. B.

    Moore, Lieut.-Colonel T. C. R. (Ayr)

    Windsor-Clive, Lieut.-Colonel George

    Fison, F. G. Clavering

    Morrison, Hugh (Wilts, Salisbury)

    Wood, Rt. Hon. Sir Kingsley

    Ford, Sir P. J.

    Morrison, W. S. (Glos., Cirencester)

    Forestier-Walker, Sir L.

    Muirhead, A. J.

    TELLERS FOR THE NOES.—

    Fremantle, Lieut.-Colonel Francis E.

    Oman, Sir Charles William C.

    Sir George Penny and Sir Victor Warrender.

    Ganzoni, Sir John

    Peake, Captain Osbert

    Sir K. WOOD: I understand that, in the circumstances, Mr. Chairman, you may wish to make a statement. Perhaps I have myself contributed to a misunderstanding which exists as to whether an
    agreement was come to on the Amendment standing in my name. As you know, I would not desire to press anything that you do not think fair.
    The CHAIRMAN: There has been an unfortunate misunderstanding in Committee as to the two Amendments that were to be disposed of. I think the Parliamentary Secretary rose to reply, and I prevented her from making her reply. I think she should do so, and there might perhaps be one speech and only one on the other side. The next Amendment I take is that in the name of Mr. Greenwood.
    Mr. ALBERY: May I ask if I am to understand that my Amendment—in page 2, line 3, to leave out the words, "within three years before his death"—is left out?
    The CHAIRMAN: It is in the power of the Chairman to select Amendments, and I have not selected it.
    Mr. ALBERY: I recognise that it is in the power of the Chairman, but the Amendment raises an entirely different point.
    The CHAIRMAN: I am not prepared to argue whether it raises a different point or not; I have not selected it.
    Mr. ALBERY: I am not referring to the Amendment of my hon. Friend, but the one in the name of myself and that of my hon. Friend the Member for Devonport (Mr. Hore-Belisha) which raises a very material point.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: I beg to move, in page 2, line 4, after the word "death," to insert the words
    "or, if he lived to attain the age of seventy, within three years before the date on which he attained that ago."
    Prior to 1926, when the principal Act came into force, the insurance life of an employed person was regarded as ending at the age of 70, when the contributions ceased to be paid. It seems only right, therefore, that, in the case of a man dying after he reached 70, the three years prior to his reaching that age should be taken into account. As the Bill stands now, if a man were to die at, say, 77, 78 or 79, the last three years of his life would be taken into account. As during that time he would have ceased to be a contributor under the Act, his approved society, probably knowing very little about him, it would be difficult to deal with the case, whereas for the three years up to 70 there are, of course, full records.
    Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: I do not think, if I understood this Amendment aright, that I ought to offer any opposition to it. I am not quite certain from the explanation of the right hon. Gentleman whether I am correct in my interpretation of it, because he several times used the phrase: "If he were to die now," but I under stood that this was entirely a matter of people who died before 1926. I only just rise to make quite certain that we are not under any misapprehension on this matter, and that it does only refer to people who died before 1926.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: That is quite right; I am sorry if I used the wrong phrase.
    Lieut.-Colonel HENEAGE: I would like to ask for an explanation on one point. We are very interested to see the figure of 70 used here. We should like to know why it is not 65 and why the figure of 70 has been decided on. It is not in accordance with provisions of previous Acts.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: As I have stated, it is because, prior to the Act coming into force, up to the age of 70, people were regarded as insurable persons and contributions were paid in respect of them and their records are available for the last two years of their life before they reached the age of 70.
    Amendment agreed to.
    The CHAIRMAN: The next Amendment, standing in the name of one of the hon. Members for Devonport, may be, I think, covered by the Minister's Amendment on page 75.
    Mr. HORE-BELISHA: With very great respect, I submit that the Minister's Amendment on page 75 deals with an entirely different point. I would ask your permission to be allowed to argue the matter, because my Amendment affects a very large and deserving class of person. I need hardly say that if I am satisfied by the statement of the Minister that these persons to whom I refer are covered by the Bill I shall, of course, withdraw my Amendment, but I hope to convince you, Mr. Young, that the Amendment is one of substance.
    The CHAIRMAN: Mr. Hore-Belisha.
    Mr. HORE-BELISHA: I beg to move, in page 2, line 5, after the word

    1861
    "society," to insert the words "or of the Navy, Army, and Air Force Insurance Fund."
    I am very much obliged to you, Sir, for your Ruling, but I would point out, in the first place, that I am not one of the hon. Members for Devonport, I am the only hon. Member for Devonport. [Interruption.] I am not surprised that some hon. Members opposite should be seeing two of us. The Committee will have observed that, in the case of every widow who is to be given a pension under this sub-section of the Act, her husband must have been at some time within three years before his death registered as a member of an approved society or as a deposit contributor. No mention is made in this sub-section of the Navy, Army and Air Force Insurance Fund, and it is in order to ensure that these persons who at one time or another in their lives come under this fund shall receive their right that I move this Amendment. If this Amendment is carried the sub-section will read as follows:
    "that he was at some time within three years before his death registered as a member of an approved society, or of the Navy, Army, and Air Force Insurance Fund, or as a deposit contributor;"
    It will be within the knowledge of the Committee that the Health Insurance Act of 1911 established a special fund known as the Navy, Army and Air Force Insurance Fund for sailors, soldiers and airmen. What is the position in regard to those who come within that fund? Their position is this: that a man, while he remains in the Navy, Army or Air Force, remains insured under the Health Insurance Act through this particular fund. What happens to him when he is discharged? Paragraph (e) of Section 59 of the National Health Insurance Act of 1924 states:
    "A man of the Forces discharged from service as such, who proves that the state of his health is such that he cannot obtain admission to an approved society may, if he so elects, on making application to the Minister in the prescribed manner within three months of his discharge or such longer time as may be prescribed, become, subject to regulations made after consultation with the Admiralty, Army Council, and Air Council, entitled to benefits (other than additional benefits) at the ordinary rates."
    Therefore, a man who is discharged may, within three months, apply to the Minister to remain under this particular
    1862
    fund on the grounds of ill-health. My first point is this. Suppose that he does not apply; suppose that he is a proud man, or a man who despairs of the condition of his health, and fails to make this application. He ceases to be insured for the purposes of the Health Insurance Act and, therefore, in my submission, he loses all entitlement to benefit, either under this particular sub-section, or if he is not a person normally in insurable employment. He has ceased to be a sailor, soldier or airman; he has not joined any approved society; he is living, it may be, on a chicken farm, or somewhere else, and he dies, and his widow will fail to get a pension under this Bill. I know perfectly well that that is not the intention of the Minister or of anybody sitting behind him; it is not their intention to exclude any man on the ground that he cannot become a member of an approved society.
    There is another category of persons who will not come under Sub-section (1, a, ii), and who are also covered by my Amendment. Suppose that a man, at the conclusion of the South African war, left the Army, with tuberculosis or any other sort of ill-health and he died, say, in 1905. His widow would get a pension under this Act because, within three years of his discharge, the man was an insured person for the purposes of this Act, but, if he died two years later, his widow would not come under this Act, although exactly the same person to-day would have the optional right of applying to the Minister to remain a beneficiary under the Navy, Army and Air Force Insurance Fund. Therefore, there are two categories of persons for whom I ask consideration; one, the man who has failed to make application to remain a member of the Navy, Army and Air Force Insurance Fund; his widow will not get a pension. Secondly, there is a person who can never have made application because the Insurance Act was not in force, and there is nobody to say at this date whether or not he could properly have exercised that option. A man may continue in disablement benefit for a large number of years, and, providing he is drawing that disablement benefit and dies, it does not matter how long ago he left the Service—it may be 10 years—he has been getting disablement benefit, and, therefore, he remains within the ambit of this Act. If he lived at a time when there was no such

    1863
    disablement benefit, he would only get entitlement to pension from a date three years subsequent to the date on which he left the Army. I am sure I have said enough to show that there are two classes of persons who may benefit if this Amendment is accepted, and I commend it to the goodwill of the Minister.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: As I understand it, the hon. Gentleman wishes to raise this as a query rather than as a definite Amendment.
    Mr. HORE-BELISHA: I said that I am quite prepared to withdraw my Amendment if the right hon. Gentleman can show that these persons are covered.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: If a man is incapacitated, his widow would not lose her rights under this Bill because his period of incapacity followed on his Army service. In the case of a man who, on leaving the Army, does not become a member of the special fund, he does not thereupon cease to be an insured person for the purposes of this Bill. He becomes a deposit contributor and he would still be insured so long as he remained a deposit contributor and his wife would be eligible to receive a pension.
    Lieut.-Colonel HENEAGE: I do not quite see that point, because the Minister's own Amendment reads as follows:
    "that during the late War he served in the naval, military, or air forces of the Crown."
    If it is necessary to deal with those who served in the War, surely it is necessary to mention all those who have actually served in the Navy, Army and Air Force. I understand that that is the purpose of the Mover of this Amendment. The Minister must explain why it is necessary to mention those who served in the late War, for apparently what he says is that every man who served in the Army, Navy or Air Force is at the present time
    covered. I am not satisfied that they are so covered.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: I should prefer to deal with the question when we reach my Amendment.
    Captain GUNSTON: I want to raise a point which was not made by the Minister of Health with regard to this Amendment. With regard to the soldier or sailor who served in the South African War, which ended some considerable time before this fund was set up, can the right hon. Gentleman assure us that the rights of those men will be safeguarded under this Bill?
    Sir B. PETO: The widow of a man who served in the South African War and retired from service within three years after the end of the War, and did not enter into insurable employment, but engaged say, in a chicken farm or something of that kind, would under this Amendment be entitled to the benefits of this Clause. Under the Minister's Amendment, however, it seems quite clear that the widow of such a man would not be entitled to those benefits.
    Mr. HORE-BELISHA: If the Minister will be good enough to assure me that he will look into the points which I have raised between now and the Report stage, and, if they are not covered, undertake to accept this Amendment or to move one him self, I will be quite prepared to withdraw.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: I think my hon. Friend's point has been substantially met, but, if he does not feel that it has been covered, I will consider the matter further before the Report Stage.
    Mr HORE-BELISHA: I beg to ask leave to withdraw the Amendment. [HON. MEMBERS: "No."]
    Question put, "That those words be there inserted."
    The Committee divided: Ayes, 128; Noes, 294.

    Division No. 20.]

    AYES.

    [10.22 p.m.

    Acland-Troyte, Lieut.-Colonel

    Bowyer, Captain Sir George E. W.

    Christie, J. A.

    Albery, Irving James

    Bracken, B.

    Cranbourne, Viscount

    Atkinson, C.

    Brown, Brig.-Gen.H.C. (Berks, Newb'y)

    Crichton-Stuart, Lord C.

    Baldwin, Rt. Hon. Stanley (Bewdley)

    Buckingham, Sir H.

    Crookshank, Cpt.H. (Lindsey, Gainsbro)

    Balniel, Lord

    Bullock, Captain Malcolm

    Croom-Johnson, R. P.

    Beamish, Rear-Admiral T. P. H.

    Burgin, Dr. E. L.

    Culverwell, C. T. (Bristol, West)

    Beaumont M. W.

    Butler, R. A.

    Cunliffe-Lister, Rt. Hon. Sir Philip

    Bentham, Dr. Ethel

    Castlestewart, Earl of

    Davies, Dr. Vernon

    Bevan, s. J. (Holborn)

    Chadwick, Sir Robert Burton

    Davies, Maj. Geo. F. (Somerset, Yeovil)

    Birchall, Major Sir John Dearman

    Chamberlain, Rt. Hon. N. (Edgbaston)

    Duckworth, G. A. V.

    Bourne, Captain Robert Croft

    Chapman, Sir S.

    Dugdale, Capt. T. L.

    Edmondson, Major A. J.

    Law, Sir Alfred (Derby, High Peak)

    Savery, S. S.

    Elliot, Major Walter E.

    Leighton, Major B. E. P.

    Sinclair, Col. T. (Queen's U., Belfast)

    Everard, W. Lindsay

    Lewis, Oswald (Colchester)

    Smith, Louis W. (Sheffield, Hallam)

    Falle, Sir Bertram G.

    Lymington, Viscount

    Smith-Carington, Neville W.

    Fielden, E. B.

    Macdonald, Capt. P. D. (I. of W.)

    Smithers, Waldron

    Fison, F. G. Clavering

    MacRobert, Rt. Hon. Alexander M.

    Somerset, Thomas

    Ford, Sir P. J.

    Makins, Brigadier-General E.

    Somerville, D. G. (Willesden, East)

    Forestier-Walker, Sir L.

    Margesson, Captain H. D.

    Southby, Commander A. R. J.

    Fremantle, Lieut.-Colonel Francis E.

    Mason, Colonel Glyn K.

    Spender-Clay, Colonel H.

    Ganzoni, Sir John

    Meller, R. J.

    Stanley, Lord (Fylde)

    Gault, Lieut.-Col. Andrew Hamilton

    Mitchell-Thomson, Rt. Hon. Sir W.

    Stanley, Maj. Hon. O. (W'morland)

    Gibson, C. G. (Pudsey & Otley)

    Monsell, Eyres, Com. Rt. Hon. Sir B.

    Stuart, J. C. (Moray and Nairn)

    Gilmour, Lt.-Col. Rt. Hon. Sir John

    Moore, Lieut.-Colonel T. C. R. (Ayr)

    Sueter, Rear-Admiral M. F.

    Glyn, Major R. G. C.

    Morrison Hugh (Wilts, Salisbury)

    Thomas, Major L. B. (King's Norton)

    Gower, Sir Robert

    Morrison, W. S. (Glos., Cirencester)

    Thomson, Sir F.

    Graham, Fergus (Cumberland, N.)

    Muirhead, A. J.

    Tinne, J. A.

    Grattan-Doyle, Sir N.

    Oman, Sir Charles William C.

    Titchfield, Major the Marquess of

    Greene, W. P. Crawford

    O'Neill, Sir H.

    Train, J.

    Gritten, W. G. Howard

    Peake, Capt. Osbert

    Tryon, Rt. Hon. George Clement

    Gunston, Captain D. W.

    Penny, Sir George

    Ward, Lt.-Col. A. L. (Kingston-on-Hull)

    Hall, Lieut.-Col. Sir F. (Dulwich)

    Percy, Lord Eustace (Hastings)

    Wardlaw-Milne, J. S.

    Hannon, Patrick Joseph Henry

    Peto, Sir Basil E. (Devon, Barnstaple)

    Warrender, Sir Victor

    Harvey, Major S. E. (Devon, Totnes)

    Purbrick, R.

    Waterhouse, Captain Charles

    Henderson, Capt. R. R. (Oxf'd, Henley)

    Ramsbotham, H.

    Wells, Sydney R.

    Hennessy, Major Sir G. R. J.

    Rawson, Sir Cooper

    Wilson, G. H. A. (Cambridge U.)

    Hoare, Lt.-Col. Rt. Hon. Sir S. J. G.

    Remer, John R.

    Windsor-Clive, Lieut.-Colonel George

    Hudson, Capt. A. U. M. (Hackney, N.)

    Roberts, Sir Samuel (Ecclesall)

    Wolmer, Rt. Hon. Viscount

    Hunter-Weston, Lt.-Gen. Sir Aylmer

    Rodd, Rt. Hon. Sir James Rennell

    Womersley, W. J.

    Hurd, Percy A.

    Ross, Major Ronald D.

    Wood, Rt. Hon. Sir Kingsley

    James, Lieut.-Colonel Hon. Cuthbert

    Ruggles-Brise, Lieut.-Colonel E. A.

    King, Commodore Rt. Hon. Henry D.

    Russell, Alexander West (Tynemouth)

    TELLERS FOR THE AYES.—

    Lamb, Sir J. Q.

    Samuel, A. M. (Surrey, Farnham)

    Colonel Heneage and Major Colfox.

    Lane Fox, Rt. Hon. George R.

    Sandeman, Sir N. Stewart

    NOES.

    Adamson, Rt. Hon. W. (Fife, West)

    Compton, Joseph

    Hastings, Dr. Somerville

    Adamson, W. M. (Staff., Cannock)

    Daggar, George

    Haycock, A. W.

    Addison, Rt. Hon. Dr. Christopher

    Dallas, George

    Hayday, Arthur

    Alexander, Rt. Hon. A. V. (Hillsbro')

    Dalton, Hugh

    Henderson, Right Hon. A. (Burnley)

    Alpass, J. H.

    Davies, E. C. (Montgomery)

    Henderson, Arthur, junr. (Cardiff, S.)

    Ammon, Charles George

    Davies, Rhys John (Westhoughton)

    Henderson, Thomas (Glasgow)

    Angell, Norman

    Day, Harry

    Henderson, W. W. (Middx., Enfield)

    Arnott, John

    Denman, Hon. R. D.

    Herriotts, J.

    Aske, Sir Robert

    Dickson, T.

    Hirst, G. H. (York W. R. Wentworth)

    Attlee, Clement Richard

    Dudgeon, Major C. R.

    Hirst, W. (Bradford, South)

    Ayles, Walter

    Dukes, C.

    Hoffman, P. C.

    Baker, John (Wolverhampton, Bilston)

    Ede, James Chuter

    Hollins, A.

    Baldwin, Oliver (Dudley)

    Edge, Sir William

    Hopkin, Daniel

    Barnes, Alfred John

    Edmunds, J. E.

    Horrabin, J. F.

    Barr, James

    Edwards, C. (Monmouth, Bedwellty)

    Hudson, James H. (Huddersfield)

    Batey, Joseph

    Edwards, E. (Morpeth)

    Isaacs, George

    Beckett, John (Camberwell, Peckham)

    Egan, W. H.

    Jenkins, W. (Glamorgan, Neath)

    Bellamy, Albert

    Elmley, Viscount

    John, William (Rhondda, West)

    Benn, Rt. Hon. Wedgwood

    Evans, Capt. Ernest (Welsh Univer.)

    Johnston, Thomas

    Bennett, Captain E.N. (Cardiff, Central)

    Forgan, Dr. Robert

    Jones, F. Llewellyn- (Flint)

    Bennett, William (Battersea, South)

    Freeman, Peter

    Jones, Henry Haydn (Merioneth)

    Benson, G.

    Gardner, B. W. (West Ham, Upton)

    Jones, J. J. (West Ham, Silvertown)

    Bentham, Dr. Ethel

    Gardner, J. P. (Hammersmith, N.)

    Jones, Rt. Hon Leif (Camborne)

    Bevan, Aneurin (Ebbw Vale)

    George, Major G. Lloyd (Pembroke)

    Jones, Morgan (Caerphilly)

    Birkett, W. Norman

    George, Megan Lloyd (Anglesea)

    Jowett, Rt. Hon. F. W.

    Blindell, James

    Gibbins, Joseph

    Jowitt, Rt. Hon. W. A.

    Bowen, J. W.

    Gill, T. H.

    Kedward, R. M. (Kent, Ashford)

    Bowerman, Rt. Hon. Charles W.

    Gillett, George M.

    Kelly, W. T.

    Broad, Francis Alfred

    Glassey, A. E.

    Kennedy, Thomas

    Brockway, A. Fenner

    Gosling, Harry

    Kinley, J.

    Bromfield, William

    Gossling, A. G.

    Kirkwood, D.

    Bromley, J.

    Gould, F.

    Lambert, Rt. Hon. George (S. Molton)

    Brothers, M.

    Graham, D. M. (Lanark, Hamilton)

    Lang, Gordon

    Brown, C. W. E. (Notts. Mansfield)

    Graham, Rt. Hon. Wm. (Edin., Cent.)

    Lathan, G.

    Brown, Ernest (Leith)

    Greenwood, Rt. Hon. A. (Colne).

    Law, Albert (Bolton)

    Brown, James (Ayr and Bute)

    Grenfell, D. R. (Glamorgan)

    Law, A. (Rosendale)

    Buchanan, G.

    Griffith, F. Kingsley (Middlesbro' W.)

    Lawrence, Susan

    Burgess, F. G.

    Griffiths, T. (Monmouth, Pontypool)

    Lawrie, Hugh Hartley (Stalybridge)

    Buxton, C. R. (Yorks. W. R. Elland)

    Groves, Thomas E.

    Lawson, John James

    Buxton, Rt. Hon. Noel (Norfolk, N.)

    Grundy, Thomas W.

    Lawther, W. (Barnard Castle)

    Caine, Derwent Hall

    Hall, F. (York, W.R., Normanton)

    Leach, W.

    Cameron, A. G.

    Hall, G. H. (Merthyr Tydvil)

    Lee, Frank (Derby, N.E.)

    Cape, Thomas

    Hall, Capt. W. P. (Portsmouth, C.)

    Lee, Jennie (Lanark, Northern)

    Carter, W. (St. Pancras, S.W.)

    Hamilton, Mary Agnes (Blackburn)

    Lees, J.

    Charleton, H. C.

    Hamilton, Sir R. (Orkney & Zetland)

    Lewis, T. (Southampton)

    Chater, Daniel

    Harbord, A.

    Lindley, Fred W.

    Cluse, W. S.

    Hardie, George D.

    Lloyd, C. Ellis

    Clynes, Rt. Hon. John R.

    Harris, Percy A.

    Longbottom, A. W.

    Cocks, Frederick Seymour

    Hartshorn, Rt. Hon. Vernon

    Longden, F.

    1866

    1867

    Lowth, Thomas

    Pethick-Lawrence, F. W.

    Stamford, Thomas W.

    Lunn, William

    Phillips, Dr. Marion

    Stephen, Campbell

    Macdonald, Gordon (Ince)

    Pole, Major D. G.

    Stewart, J. (St. Rollox)

    MacDonald, Rt. Hon. J. R. (Seaham)

    Ponsonby, Arthur

    Strachey, E. J. St. Loe

    McElwee, A.

    Potts, John S.

    Strauss, G. R.

    McEntee, V. L.

    Price, M. P.

    Sullivan, J.

    Mackinder, W.

    Pybus, Percy John

    Sutton, J. E.

    McKinlay, A.

    Quibell, D. J. K.

    Taylor, R. A. (Lincoln)

    MacLaren, Andrew

    Raynes, W. R.

    Taylor, W. B. (Norfolk, S.W.)

    Maclean, Sir Donald (Cornwall, N.)

    Richards, R.

    Thomas, Rt. Hon. J. H. (Derby)

    Maclean, Neil (Glasgow, Govan)

    Richardson, R. (Houghton-le-Spring)

    Thorne, W. (West Ham, Plaistow)

    McShane, John James

    Riley, Ben (Dewsbury)

    Thurtle, Ernest

    Malone, C. L'Estrange (N'thampton)

    Riley, F. F. (Stockton-on-Tees)

    Tillett, Ben

    Mansfield, W.

    Ritson, J.

    Tinker, John Joseph

    March, S.

    Roberts, Rt. Hon. F. O. (W. Bromwich)

    Toole, Joseph

    Markham, S. F.

    Robinson, Sir T. (Lanes, Stretford)

    Tout, W. J.

    Marley, J.

    Romeril, H. G.

    Townend, A. E.

    Mathers, George

    Rosbotham, D. S. T.

    Trevelyan, Rt. Hon. Sir Charles

    Matters, L. W.

    Rothschild, J. de

    Turner, B.

    Maxton, James

    Rowson, Guy

    Vaughan, D. J.

    Melville, J. B.

    Russell, Richard John (Eddisbury)

    Viant, S. P.

    Messer, Fred

    Salter, Dr. Alfred

    Walker, J.

    Middleton, G.

    Samuel, H. W. (Swansea, West)

    Wallace, H. W.

    Millar, J. D.

    Sanders, W. S.

    Wallhead, Richard C.

    Milner, J.

    Sandham, E.

    Watkins, F. C.

    Montague, Frederick

    Sawyer, G. F.

    Watson, W. M. (Dunfermline)

    Morgan, Dr. H. B.

    Scott, James

    Watts-Morgan, Lt.-Col. D. (Rhondda)

    Morley, Ralph

    Scurr, John

    Wellock, Wilfred

    Morris-Jones, Dr. J. H. (Denbigh)

    Sexton, James

    Welsh, James (Paisley)

    Morrison, Herbert (Hackney, South)

    Shaw, Rt. Hon. Thomas (Preston)

    Welsh, James C. (Coatbridge)

    Morrison, Robert C. (Tottenham, N.)

    Shepherd, Arthur Lewis

    West, F. R.

    Mort, D. L.

    Sherwood, G. H.

    Westwood, Joseph

    Moses, J. J. H.

    Shield, George William

    Wheatley, Rt. Hon. J.

    Mosley, Lady C. (Stoke-on-Trent)

    Shiels, Dr. Drummond

    Whiteley, William (Blaydon)

    Mosley, Sir Oswald (Smethwick)

    Shillaker, J. F.

    Whiteley, Wilfrid (Birm., Ladywood)

    Muff, G.

    Shinwell, E.

    Wilkinson, Ellen C.

    Muggeridge, H. T.

    Short, Alfred (Wednesbury)

    Williams, David (Swansea, East)

    Murnln, Hugh

    Simmons, C. J.

    Williams, Dr. J. H. (Llanelly)

    Naylor, T. E.

    Simon, E. D. (Manch'ter, Withington)

    Williams, T. (York, Don Valley)

    Newman, Sir R. H. S. D. L. (Exeter)

    Sinkinson, George

    Wilson, C. H. (Sheffield, Attercliffe)

    Noel Baker, P. J.

    Sitch, Charles H.

    Wilson, J. (Oldham)

    Oldfield, J. R.

    Smith, Alfred (Sunderland)

    Wilson, R. J. (Jarrow)

    Oliver, George Harold (Ilkeston)

    Smith, Ben (Bermondsey, Rotherhithe)

    Winterton, G. E. (Leicester, Loughb'gh)

    Owen, Major G. (Carnarvon)

    Smith, Frank (Nuneaton)

    Wise, E. F.

    Owen, H. F. (Hereford)

    Smith, H. B. Lees (Keighley)

    Wright, W. (Rutherglen)

    Palin, John Henry

    Smith, Tom (Pontefract)

    Young, R. S. (Islington, North)

    Palmer, E. T.

    Smith, W. R. (Norwich)

    Parkinson, John Allen (Wigan)

    Snowden, Rt. Hon. Philip

    TELLERS FOR THE NOES.—

    Perry, S. F.

    Sorensen, R.

    Mr. Hayes and Mr. Paling.

    Peters, Dr. Sidney John

    Spero, Dr. G. E.

    Mr. HORE-BELISHA: I beg to move, in page 2, line 6, after the word "contributor," to insert the words:
    "or was a policeman not entitled to the benefits of the Police Pensions Act, 1921."
    I can understand many of the characteristics of the Conservative party, but I really cannot understand them placing party advantage before the claims of the Army, Navy, or Air Force. I feel that those people have a far greater security in the right hon. Gentleman's promise to look into the matter before the Report—
    Major COLFOX: What has this to do with the police?
    The CHAIRMAN: It is utterly impossible for me to hear what the hon. Member is saying.
    Mr. MILLS: I rise to a point of information.
    The CHAIRMAN: The hon. Member cannot rise to a point of information.
    Mr. MILLS: I wish to ask your Ruling, whether an hon. Member can be deprived of his right to vote because of the defective electrical wiring of the bath rooms?
    The CHAIRIMAN: I am sure, if there is anything wrong with the wiring of the bath room, the attention of the right Department will be drawn to it.
    Mr. HORE-BELISHA: The Sub-section, with these words inserted, would read:
    "That he was at some time within three years before his death registered as a member of an approved society or as a deposit contributor, or was a policeman not entitled to the benefits of the Police Pensions Act, 1921."
    That, in my submission, would include within this Clause the widows of all

    1869
    policeman who do not receive pensions at the present day. As the Committee is aware, the Police Pension Act, 1921, gave pensions to the widows of certain policemen. The relative Section of the Act, which is Section 3 (a), reads as follows:
    "Where a member of a police force who, having joined the force after the 1st day of September, 1918, has completed five years' approved service, dies whilst serving in the force, or whilst in receipt of a pension from a police authority, or in consequence of any disease or injury on account of which he retired from a police force, his widow shall be entitled to a widow's ordinary pension."
    It has transpired that certain widows of policemen have pensions. They have pensions if their husbands joined the police force after the first day of September, 1918, and completed five years of approved service. The first point that arises is, that if the policeman died before five years' approved service had been completed, the widow gets no pension either under this Section or under any other Act. I seek to have that widow brought in. There is another category of widows, namely, widows who became such before the Police Pensions Act, 1918. Everybody knows that the pre-War policeman served under more arduous conditions than the present-day policeman. He served for a very small emolument, and at the end of it his wife received no pension. His emolument was 35s.; to-day the emolument is over £3 a week, and the policeman has a very good pension. Everybody would wish to bring in the police widow who became a widow before 1918. She did not come in under the principal Act because the employment of her husband was an excepted employment under the principal Health Insurance Act of 1911.
    In Part II of the First Schedule of that Act there are excepted those persons who are in employment under the Crown or any local or other public authority, where the Insurance Commissioners certify that the terms of the employment are such as to secure provision in respect of sickness and disablement on the whole not less favourable than the corresponding benefits conferred by this Act. In those days there were no pensions for widows under a health insurance scheme. Therefore, those widows were excepted,
    1870
    and are at this moment without pension. My object is to make certain that those widows will get a pension. In the first place, I desire that the widows of men who have completed five years' service under this Act will get a pension, and, secondly, I plead for the whole of the pre-1918 widows. My object is to get them a pension, and not to score any advantage in a party Division which might leave some of them out. I want an assurance from the Minister either that they are in or that by the Report stage he will bring them in. If he will make that declaration, I shall be perfectly satisfied. My object is to bring these widows in. Surely, that is a perfectly legitimate object, and everyone who has the cause of these widows at heart will want to be satisfied.
    I want to acknowledge the courtesy of the Parliamentary Secretary—an hon. Lady who has not only won a just reputation for her skill in Debate, but has taken a great deal of pains outside this House to convince me that these widows are in. She has written me upon the subject and asked me to interview the permanent officials. It is clear, however, that a Ministerial declaration is not an Act of Parliament, and one wants to be satisfied that the Act of Parliament is going to cover these people. Earlier in the Debate we discussed whether or not the Minister should be a Mussolini or not, and we decided that the Minister's decision is to be final and conclusive. If his decision is to be final and conclusive, subject to an appeal to the court of referees, nobody is going to appeal against his generosity. They are only going to appeal when he is not generous. If he will solemnly assure me that all these persons to whom I have referred are within the Bill, I should be perfectly satisfied, but, if they are not, I want him to assure me that between now and the Report stage he will make sure that they will be covered before the Bill goes any further.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: There are two categories of police widows to which the hon. Member has referred. As the Bill stands, without this proposed Amendment, the position is that a policeman who served with the police force before the Police Pensions Act of 1918 was a person whose normal occupation would be such as to entitle his widow to a pension,

    1871
    and, indeed, if he died within three years after leaving the police force. That is so far as the widow of the pre-Police Pensions Act era is concerned. They are, I am advised, well within the Bill. In the case of the later widows, the position is different. From 1918 onwards there was a Police Pensions Act, and there was another Act of 1921, under which certain conditions were laid down. What the hon. Member is asking me to do in this second category is something which really is not my business. He is asking for an amendment of the Police Pensions Act, 1921.
    It would be very difficult, where there is a definite scheme laid down, the conditions of which are known to all policemen when they enter the police force, to come in with entirely different conditions covering them as well. Moreover, it would be a serious thing, and I am sure the Committee would never entertain it, to give a pension to people who had been dismissed the police force for some reason or other. There have been notorious cases recently. Clearly, that was not contemplated by the principal Act and is not contemplated now. I feel that I cannot touch the question of the post-Police Pensions Act widows because they have their own scheme which is run quite independent of this Bill. The hardest case is that of the pre-Police Pensions Act widow. These widows are within, the Bill, but I cannot give an undertaking to bring within the Measure all the people who have fallen through the meshes of the 1921 Act because they should be dealt with by an Amendment of that Act and not by any change in this Bill.
    Sir F. HALL: I am delighted to hear that the pre-Police Pensions Act, 1918, widows are included in the Bill. I have not been able to find the particular Clause by which they are covered and, although I naturally accept the statement of the Minister of Health, I should be very grateful if he would point out the particular provision in the Bill which covers them. I raised this matter in 1919, and have done so ever since, because I have always thought that the widow of the pre-September 1918 policeman, who had served 19 or 20 years in the force and had carried out his duties in a perfectly satisfactory manner, ought not to be deprived of her pension because he left the
    1872
    force before the 31st August, 1918. The change which came on the 1st September, 1918, provided that if the policeman had served for five years only then his widow got a pension. I am not desirous of detaining the Committee and, although I have no doubt these widows have been included, I want to make perfectly certain that such is the case. I am sure that hon. Members in all parts of the House will be desirous of seeing that the pre-Police Pensions Act, 1918, widows come under the Bill.
    Mr. O. STANLEY: I want to emphasise the point put by the hon. and gallant Member for Camberwell (Sir F. Hall).
    Lieut-Colonel WATTS-MORGAN: It has been answered.
    Mr. STANLEY: If the hon. and gallant Member for East Rhondda (Lieut.-Colonel Watts-Morgan) wishes to address the Committee I am perfectly prepared to give way. I have taken no part hitherto in the discussion and I am certainly entitled to put a question now, and I have every intention of doing so however much the hon. and gallant Member may interrupt. The hon. Member for Devonport (Mr. Hore-Belisha) brushed the matter aside by saying that the Minister's decision was final and, therefore, that you should abide by his decision. That decision surely must be limited to exactly what is in the Bill. I am asking on what the Minister bases his contention. If it is Sub-section (i, a, ii), seeing that the police were definitely excluded from the principal Act, I cannot see how they could be brought in under that definition. In point of fact, the police before 1911 would not have been in insurable occupation and could not have been brought in under Sub-section (1, a, ii). I am perfectly satisfied that the Minister must be right, but I should like to know exactly under what provision the police are brought in under this Bill.
    Miss LAWRENCE: May I explain this point? Policemen are out because the Minister has given a certificate. Post-Act policemen are out under Section 9 (1) (iv) of the principal Act. They are out because the Minister had given a certificate that they had equivalent benefits. That is the only reason that keeps the post-War widow in these cases out of the 1926 Act. If it had not been

    1873
    for the equivalent benefits, they would be in under the 1925 Act. The policeman would be in under that Act if the Minister had not given a certificate that they were covered. The police are out of the Act by virtue of his certificate. The widows of police who died before 1918 were widows of people who were not covered by the certificate, and who were in exactly the same condition as any other insurable persons. Therefore, those men who died before 1918, being insurable persons and not covered by statutory exemption, come in under Sub-section 1 (a, ii) of this Bill. I think that has made the point clear.
    Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: I should like to ask one question for information. I understood the right hon. Gentleman to say, with respect to the widows of those policemen who died before the 1918 Act, that they would come in under paragraph 2 but only if they had died within three years after leaving their occupation. The question I ask is, if that be correct, where is the provision made which imposes that condition? There is nothing about it in the Bill, and it must be by virtue of some other provision. I should like to know where the reference is.
    Miss LAWRENCE: My point is that the widows of policemen who died before 1918 are in exactly the same position as any other widows, service in the police force being insurable for this purpose. If a policeman should leave the force and take up a non-insurable occupation after a certain time, he would be out, but his service in the force counts as an insurable occupation for the purposes of this Act, and every condition with regard to the other pre-war widows applies to the widows of policemen who come under paragraph 1 (a, ii).
    Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: That is not an answer to my question. The Minister said that the pensions could only be claimable by those widows whose husbands had died within three years after ceasing to be policemen. I am asking what was the provision of the Act which imposed that particular condition.
    Miss LAWRENCE: No. In the case of pre-Act widows, their husbands have to be in insurable occupations within three years of death. The police service counts as an insurable occupation exactly as if such men had been carpenters or bricklayers.
    1874
    The men who served in the police are in exactly the same position as those in any other insurable occupation. If they leave their insured trade and take up another trade, which is not insurable, they get away from the terms of the Measure altogether, being uninsurable persons. If one bears in mind that the policeman is in an insurable trade everything becomes clear. If he leaves the police force, however, and takes up the position of, shall we say, a bank manager, he is out; but the police force is, for all these purposes an insurable trade and every provision with regard to widows applies to them.
    Lord EUSTACE PERCY: There is one eventuality to which the hon. Lady did not refer. What about the policeman who retires on pension and dies after five years? Has his widow no claim?
    Miss LAWRENCE: A pre-1918 policeman?
    Lord E. PERCY: Yes.
    Miss LAWRENCE: What pension did a pre-1918 policeman get?
    Lord E. PERCY: Of course, a policeman retiring before 1918 after a certain period of service got a pension, and, no doubt, an adequate one. If a policeman retired on pension before 1918 and spent five years in retirement—doing nothing but living in retirement—would his widow have no claim at all?
    Miss LAWRENCE: If the man left his insurable occupation and did not take up another insurable occupation within three years, then, of course, he would be just like everybody else under the same conditions.
    Mr. J. JONES: I appreciate the great sympathy for policemen expressed by hon. Members opposite. Having been in their hands once or twice I have an equal sympathy with them. But this Bill deals with a contributory pensions scheme. [HON. MEMBERS: "No!"] Perhaps hon. Members will allow me to finish. It takes a long time for Conservative Members to understand what we are saying. In this instance we are dealing with pensions for those who have contributed hut the principle has 'been extended to those who were not contributors. The point has been raised about those men who, having served in the police before 1918,

    1875
    may have left the police and gone into other employments, and the question is whether they have joined contributory employment or not—whether they belong to the class of people whose widows are entitled to benefit under this Bill. [Interruption.] I know exactly what hon. Members opposite mean and it is not what I mean. They want to give policemen special privileges as against dock labourers.
    11.0 p.m.
    If a dock labourer who has been a contributor and paid in for years, since the original Act became law, leaves the docks and goes into other employment which is not insurable, he does not stand a ghost of a chance of coming in afterwards. Why this love for the policeman and neglect of the docker? It is because hon. Members opposite always look to the policeman to help them to break a strike. Give them all the same treatment. A docker leaves the docks and gets some other kind of employment which is not insurable, and no one proposes that his widow should get a pension. There is no Amendment down for the docker. I am looking forward to the time when we shall have an all-inclusive pension scheme, a non-contributory pension scheme, under which it will not be a question of who you are, or what you are, or how you are, but of getting pensions just as the Lord Tom Noddies get their pensions. We have some of these people to-day who have been drawing pensions for over 100 years and who will keep on drawing them, and no contributions expected, yet when we ask for the same treatment for the common workman, we are told we are asking for something for nothing, by the experts, who have never done anything for nothing in their lives, and have been taking something for nothing ever since they were born. Give the policemen's widows pensions if you like, but there are other workmen entitled to equal if not better treatment than the police. Plenty of my friends are policemen, and if we had not been so friendly, I might not have been here so often. We want fair treatment all round for every man and woman who works. When pensions are being discussed, I suggest that to raise the question of what trade you are in is ridiculous. Every useful worker in the country is entitled to a pension, and the only people who ought not to get a
    1876
    pension are those who never work and never intend to work.
    Mr. BUCHANAN: On a point of Order. The hon. Member for Devonport (Mr. Hore-Belisha) submitted to you, Sir, in submitting this Amendment, that policemen in two classes should be brought in; first, the pre-1918 policemen, and then the policemen covered by the Act of 1921. My point of Order is with regard to the second class, that either it is out of order or it would be in order for us also to move an Amendment bringing in the shopkeeper. I understood that you ruled it out of order to extend it to spinsters and others because it would widen the scope of the Bill and was outside the original Act.
    The CHAIRMAN: As far as I understand the Amendment, I do not see that I can rule it out of order. The Amendment is not broken up in the way the hon. Member has explained to the Committee, and it is for the Minister to say which part he will take.
    Mr. BUCHANAN: You say that the Amendment is not broken up, but, as it reads at the moment, it includes policemen, an important class which, in my view, are by Act of Parliament deliberately excluded. I ask: Is it in order to bring in a class which is deliberately excluded, and, if so, would it be in order to bring in shopkeepers as well?
    Mr. HORE-BELISHA: My hon. Friend is labouring under a misapprehension. The Order Paper is evidence in another place that it would be in order to bring in the widows of shopkeepers or any other class. There is an Amendment shortly to be moved by the Minister of Health himself in regard to the Navy and Army which will bring in people who were normally shopkeepers and have joined the Services. We are dealing, not with pensions for policemen as my hon. Friend seems to think, but with police widows, and they belong to the same insurable class as any other section of the community, for it was feared, unless he moved the Amendment, that they would be ruled out, and they would be the only persons in this class of the community who would be, through no intention of the Government or anybody else.
    Mr. SHAKESPEARE: One point worries me. The Amendment of my hon.

    1877
    Friend the Member for Devonport (Mr. Hore-Belisha) would, in effect, have brought in all the widows of policemen who became widows before the Pensions Act of 1918. I understood from the Minister that his Amendment was not necessary because they were covered by Sub-section (1, a, i). Suppose that a policeman left the force in 1908 by retiring, and he died any time between 1912 and 1918. His widow is not allowed a pension under this Sub-section. Am I right or wrong? If I am right, as I think I am, it surely is not a sufficient answer to my hon. Friend that the case of the pre-Act widow is covered by Subsection (1, a, i). There must be a large class of those who died and left a gap of four years between their retirement and their death. If this be true in the case of the policemen, how much more true must it be in other cases. Many of us objected to those words, "who died within three years," and we were not allowed to move an Amendment. Not having been allowed to move an Amendment, we found that in the very next Amendment a large class of persons were excluded whom we wanted to get in.
    The CHAIRMAN: The Amendment on the Paper, so far as I understood it, included a number of people about whom we were doubtful. I therefore did not rule the Amendment out of order.
    Mr. REMER: I want to ask the Parliamentary Secretary a question with regard to the widows of policemen. I will give a specific case. There is a widow of a policeman in my constituency who had been a contributor to the Police Pensions Fund for three years. The policeman died while he was still in the force. His wife was a young woman about 45, and there were children of school age. As I understand it, under the Act of 1925, that widow, if her husband had been following any occupation than the police force, would have received a pension. Under the 1925 Act, owing to the fact that the police were allowed to contract out, she did not do so, because the contributions were less than the Government's scheme and because the benefits were more than the Government's scheme. There was, however, this qualification, that before she could qualify, the policeman had to be a contributor for, I think, not five years but seven years. The point I want to put is:
    1878
    Where, in this Bill, is it provided that the 1925 widow, if I may use that expression, who was brought under the Act, the widow with school children, will now receive a pension? I cannot find it anywhere, and I shall be glad if the hon. Lady will answer that specific point, because it is quite clear from the answer which she gave that a widow of that class is not dealt with in any way. I am only bringing this forward, because I think that there are other cases of a similar character where widows of policemen, even with her explanation, who will not come under the Bill and will be deprived of their pensions. I think that the matter requires more elucidation.
    Miss LAWRENCE: The policeman's widow who has children comes under 1925 Act provided that her husband died before 1918. If he died after 1918—
    Mr. REMER: This policeman only died 18 months ago.
    Miss LAWRENCE: A policeman who died 18 months ago was an exempted man and had got his own service pension.
    Mr. REMER: No, under the Act of 1925 it is provided that he gets a pension if there are 104 stamps on his card. Before his widow can get a police widow's pension under the Police Act of 1921, he must have been a subscriber to the Police Pension Fund for, I think it was, 10 years—[HON. MEMBERS: "Five years."] Certainly, for five years. This is the point which I am trying to put to the hon. Lady. In that interval of from two to five years, this woman's husband having only been insured under the Police Pension Fund for 3½ years, she was out of the Police Pension Fund and deprived of her pension under the Act of 1925. I cannot find anything in the Bill which covers that specific point.
    Miss LAWRENCE: Policemen are in an insured trade; if a policeman has been in for too short a time, his widow does not get a pension. Every restriction which applies to a man in an insurable occupation applies to the policeman.
    Mr. REMER: Is that in the present Bill?
    Miss LAWRENCE: It is in two Acts. Policemen are only covered by virtue of the certificate of the Minister, which only applies to policemen post 1918. Therefore, quite aside from the certificate of the Minister and the 1918 Act, the people who were not exempt by a certificate fall into the general class of insured persons. All the restrictions apply equally to policemen as policemen as to bricklayers as bricklayers.
    Sir B. PETO: I want to put it to the Committee that the only satisfactory thing we can do is to see that the words which are moved by the hon. Member for Devonport (Mr. Hore-Belisha) are inserted. From the answer of the Minister and of the Parliamentary Secretary, it is abundantly clear that there are large gaps in the pre-1918 class of policemen's widows who will not receive any pension at all. Apart from the case of the policeman who retires upon his small pension, and does not follow an insurable occupation, there is a much larger class of people who are not able to find suitable insurable occupation, and who eke out their meagre pay with some other occupation. 'Why should the widows of these people be without pensions? The hon. Member for Silvertown (Mr. J. Jones) asked why the widows of policemen should be treated any better than other widows. The reason is that these women, who belong to the now rapidly diminishing class of widows of the pre-1918 policeman, acted during a long life as unpaid assistants to their husbands, carrying on work for which they received nothing.
    In Clause 1 of this Bill we are providing pensions for a very large number—some 500,000—of women, simply because they are widows, not in return for any contribution whatever; and we are at the same time excluding a considerable number of widows of policemen, who not only deserve a pension as much as any other class, but deserve it far more, if public money that is to be handed out, than any other class of which I can conceive. They have been searching female prisoners, cleaning out the police stations, and doing things of that kind, for years, and have received no pay. Under these provisions a man has to die within three years of his retirement from the force to enable his wife to qualify for a pension. To leave out the widows for whom we
    1880
    are pleading would be a blot on the work of this Committee. Therefore, I shall press the hon. Member for Devonport (Mr. Hore-Belisha) to proceed with this Amendment in order to make assurance doubly sure; though, in fact, I do not think it is sure at all that all these police widows who are in receipt of no pension at present will receive pensions of 10s. a week under this Bill. It has taken nearly an hour of explanation from the Minister and the Parliamentary Secretary to convince some Members of the Committee that even some of these widows are in, but there has been no attempt to convince us that they are all in, and, if that is so, the only satisfactory thing to do is to put in these words.
    Major COLFOX: The last speech of the Parliamentary Secretary has pointed out one at least of the difficulties into which the Government have fallen, as was inevitable when they abandoned the contributory principle of the 1925 Act. A policeman's widow is not entitled to receive pension unless and until her husband has contributed for five years, whereas the widow of any man in an ordinary occupation is (entitled to a pension after her husband has contributed for two years. We have included in this Bill the widows of a great many men who have not contributed at all, and so why should we exclude the widow of a policeman who has not contributed for five years but who may have contributed for two, three or four years? Obviously this is a gross injustice, and points to one of the dangers into which the Government have rushed owing to the fact that they have introduced this extremely ill-considered and ill-thought out measure, based on no underlying principle. Once you abandon, as has been done on this occasion, the contributory principle on which the great Act of 1925 was founded, you are bound to flounder deeper and deeper into the mire of difficulty. This is only one of the early difficulties into which the Government have fallen, and, if I were a prophet—which, thank goodness, I am not—I should foretell that they will find themselves, before the end of the Committee stage of this Bill, floundering deeper and ever deeper into the slough of their own despond.
    Major DAVIES: I think the hon. Lady has satisfied, to a certain extent,

    1881
    some of the anxieties which have been legitimately expressed from this side of the Committee; but in her reply she did admit that there was definitely excluded a certain class of police widows, a class which has constantly been the subject of pressure on varying Governments for a considerable number of years. This is a matter which a great many of us have very deeply at heart, and it is not sufficient to say, "Your Government did not do it." We will admit that they did not, and previous Governments did not do it. But that does not alter the fact that there has been—not through anyone's deliberate act, but that makes no difference in the result—there has been a certain number of cases of very undeserved hardship; and if there is here an opportunity of righting some of that hardship, it seems to me that we are justified in pressing it.
    This class is not numerically a very large one. It is a class which, with the passage of time, naturally gets less year by year. But that does not alter the exceedingly deserving nature of the case. I do not suppose that there is one Member in any quarter of the Committee who has not in his constituency a certain number—very few, but a certain number—of these cases of policemen who, having faithfully served the Crown during their period of service, came into pensions before these Acts. They retired on their pensions, which were miserable enough having regard to the present cost of living, but which were considered adequate at the time they were laid down. They have eked out an existence, aided very often by the charity of friends or neighbours and relatives in the villages, but not carrying on any particular sort of occupation, and certainly not any insurable occupation; and the position of these retired policemen is this, that if and when their turn comes to die they leave their wives absolutely penniless, with nothing facing them except the charity of their friends and neighbours or the union. I feel that, while we were dealing with a matter which was on a contributory basis, they could not be included; but this Bill has admittedly got far away from any such restrictive provision as a contributory one, and therefore we are entitled now to press this matter. Indeed, the right hon. Gentleman himself is bringing forward certain Amendments, not with the
    1882
    object of widening a contributory restriction, but simply as a general act of humanity, in the case of another section that he thinks it desirable to include, and the arguments for those Amendments of the right hon. Gentleman are precisely those which I put forward for these particular cases.
    The hon. Lady herself admitted a little earlier in the evening that these cases were excepted because, as she quite logically said, there were not insurable persons, not being in an insurable occupation because they were so shortsighted as to live on their meagre pensions, instead of adding to the overstocked labour market of to-day. It seems to me that, if ever there was a case with a sound basis of logic, of need, and of sheer humanity, this is such a case, and, as the number is limited, it cannot overload the financial provisions of the Bill. I do say that these cases are deserving of the sympathetic consideration of this Committee. With regard to this particular Amendment, I confess I am somewhat confused as to the Clauses and provisions which it is said to cover, but I am quite prepared to take the word of the Minister of Health and the Parliamentary Secretary. They have admitted that these particular ones for whom I am speaking are excluded from the terms of the Bill and therefore I ask that in order to include them the Amendment should be accepted because three-quarters of them are admittedly covered by the Amendment, but that fraction that I speak of are not covered and therefore if the whole Amendment is accepted, it merely makes assurance doubly sure for those already included and it includes these others. I ask them to consider the Amendment from that point of view.
    Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: I am sure the Committee is very much indebted to the Parliamentary Secretary for her very lucid explanation of the somewhat difficult points which have been raised by the Amendment, and she has brought out in a way that makes the situation absolutely transparent that under the provisions of the Bill there will be excluded widows of certain policemen of the pre-1918 period who died more than three years after they left the police force. The hon. Lady has explained with equal lucidity

    1883
    that not only does that apply to the widows of certain policemen but it will apply to all uninsurable persons and we see that once again there is a large class of people who are left out of the Bill. The justification is rather interesting because it appears to lie in the fact that the Government is endeavouring as far as possible to parallel the positions of this Act and the contributory Act. Are the two cases parallel? Of course if you have a contributory system, to preserve the financial basis of your scheme you must have certain statutory conditions. You must have first of all a minimum number of contributions paid. Unless you ensure that you will have people coming in for benefits who have not paid their share of the contributions, and the whole financial basis of the scheme will be wrecked. Therefore there is every sound reason why we should impose these conditions in the case of a contributory scheme. The scheme under this Clause is not contributory at all. It is a free, gratis and for nothing scheme.
    I cannot see how the Government can defend the exclusion of any class of persons who are really in need of pensions from the operation of the Clause. I find myself in rather a difficult position in considering what my course of action should be. It is arguable that either of two opposite courses might be taken by my hon. Friends. Some of them, have advocated for years the claims of this class of widows. They see in the Clause an opportunity of righting what they believe has been a great hardship and injustice for which they had pleaded in vain for a good number of years. I cannot see any logical reason why they should not be satisfied. They would be perfectly right in my opinion in taking the opportunity that is presented to them of endeavouring to get that wrong righted. On the other hand, I look at it from another point of view. I say if you are going to bring in another class of widows who are not to be subject to the same conditions as those who are brought in under the contributory system, again you are going to add to the grievances of those who have paid contributions and who find themselves barred from the benefits that are given to those who have not paid contributions. It seems to me that the injustice falls so
    1884
    strongly that I cannot vote for the Amendment. But it certainly is an interesting position to find the Government now in their explanation of the actual meaning of the Clause having to admit that a fresh class that no one had thought of before had been excluded from the provisions of the Clause on the ground that they must be brought under the same conditions as though they had contributed when in fact they have not contributed anything at all.
    Mr. ERNEST BROWN: I cannot agree with the last observation of the right hon. Gentleman. People who were studying the Act did see that a certain class was to be left out, and that fact led some hon. Members and myself to seek an Amendment to leave out three years. We realised that you cut out a very large class of persons, and I should like to see that class put in. The Committee were in a difficulty because in the discretion of the Chair the Amendment was not called. We are now in the difficulty, that if we vote for the Amendment we are going to give a certain section of that big class a privilege.
    There are a number of hon. Members on all sides of the Committee in a real dilemma as to what they shall do with their vote. None of us wants to make party advantage out of this particular class of persons. [HON. MEMBERS: "Oh!"] At least I am not concerned with doing so. I can see no objection to one going down to address a mass of people, who might say: "Here is a docker, a shipwright or an engineer who has left a widow, who is cut out because there happened to be in the Act this provision about the three years." If we can be assured that the Minister will consider the whole of the class concerned by this Amendment—
    Mr. HORE-BELISHA: Who are "we?" You are speaking for yourself.
    Mr. BROWN: I am not asking the hon. Member for Devonport (Mr. Hore-Belisha) to speak for me.
    Mr. HORE-BELISHA: Donot use the word "we."
    Mr. BROWN: I am entitled to use the word "we," and I am using the word deliberately, because several hon. Members have spoken to me during the pro-

    1885
    gress of the Debate about the dilemma in which I find myself. In that sense I am using the word "we." It is extremely difficult under the drafting of the Bill to make an Amendment which would bring in widows and other persons equally as deserving as the widows in the Bill, if we are to make an exception of this kind. I cannot vote for the Amendment unless I can be assured that an alteration will be made at a later stage of the Bill to
    bring in the whole of the class cut out by the three years limit within the ambit of the Bill.
    Mr. JOHNSTON rose in his place, and claimed to move, "That the Question be now put."
    Question put, "That the Question be now put."
    The Committee divided: Ayes, 267; Noes, 104.

    Division No. 21.]

    AYES.

    [11.40 p.m.

    Adamson, Rt. Hon. W. (Fife, West)

    Gibbins, Joseph

    Lees, J.

    Adamson, W. M. (Staff., Cannock)

    Gill, T. H.

    Lewis, T. (Southampton)

    Addison, Rt. Hon. Dr. Christopher

    Glassey, A. E.

    Lindley, Fred W.

    Alexander, Rt. Hon. A. V. (Hillsbro')

    Gossling, A. G.

    Lloyd, C. Ellis

    Alpass, J. H.

    Gould, F.

    Longbottom, A. W.

    Ammon, Charles George

    Graham, D. M. (Lanark, Hamilton)

    Longden, F.

    Angell, Norman

    Gray, Milner

    Lunn, William

    Arnott, John

    Greenwood, Rt. Hon. A. (Colne)

    Macdonald, Gordon (Ince)

    Aske, Sir Robert

    Grenfell, D. R. (Glamorgan)

    MacDonald, Rt. Hon. J. R. (Seaham)

    Ayles, Walter

    Griffith, F. Kingsley (Middlesbro' W.)

    McElwee, A.

    Baker, John (Wolverhampton, Bilston)

    Griffiths, T. (Monmouth, Pontypool)

    McEntee, V. L.

    Baldwin, Oliver (Dudley)

    Grundy, Thomas W.

    Mackinder, W.

    Barr, James

    Hall, F. (York, W.R., Normanton)

    McKinlay, A.

    Batey, Joseph

    Hall, G. H. (Merthyr Tydvll)

    MacLaren, Andrew

    Beckett, John (Camberwell, Peckham)

    Hall, Capt. W. P. (Portsmouth, C.)

    McShane, John James

    Bellamy, Albert

    Hamilton, Mary Agnes (Blackburn)

    Malone, C. L'Estrange (N'thampton)

    Benn, Rt. Hon. Wedgwood

    Harbord, A.

    Mansfield, W.

    Bennett, Captain E. N. (Cardiff, Central)

    Hardle, George D.

    Marley, J.

    Bennett, William (Battersea, South)

    Hartshorn, Rt. Hon. Vernon

    Mathers, George

    Benson, G.

    Haycock, A. W.

    Matters, L. W.

    Bentham, Dr. Ethel

    Hayday, Arthur

    Melville, J. B.

    Bevan, Aneurin (Ebbw Vale)

    Hayes, John Henry

    Messer, Fred

    Birkett, W. Norman

    Henderson, Arthur, junr. (Cardiff, S.)

    Middleton, G.

    Blinded, James

    Henderson, Thomas (Glasgow)

    Millar, J. D.

    Bowen, J. W.

    Henderson, W. W. (Middx., Enfield)

    Mills, J. E.

    Bowerman, Rt. Hon. Charles W.

    Herriotts, J.

    Milner, J.

    Broad, Francis Alfred

    Hirst, G. H. (York, W.R.,Wentworth)

    Montague, Frederick

    Brockway, A. Fenner

    Hirst, W. (Bradford, South)

    Morgan, Dr. H. B.

    Bromfield, William

    Hoffman, P. C.

    Morley, Ralph

    Brothers, M.

    Hollins, A.

    Morrison, Herbert (Hackney, South)

    Brown, C. W. E. (Notts, Mansfield)

    Hopkin, Daniel

    Morrison, Robert C. (Tottenham, N.)

    Brown, Ernest (Leith)

    Hore-Belisha, Leslie

    Mort, D. L.

    Brown, James (Ayr and Bute)

    Horrabin, J. F.

    Moses, J. J. H.

    Buchanan, G.

    Hudson, James H. (Huddersfield)

    Mosley, Lady C. (Stoke-on-Trent)

    Burgess, F. G.

    Hunter, Dr. Joseph

    Mosley, Sir Oswald (Smethwick)

    Burgin, Dr. E. L.

    Hutchison, Maj.-Gen. Sir R.

    Muff, G.

    Caine, Derwent Hall-

    Isaacs, George

    Murnin, Hugh

    Cameron, A. G.

    Jenkins, W. (Glamorgan, Neath)

    Nathan, Major H. L.

    Cape, Thomas

    John, William (Rhondda, West)

    Newman, Sir R. H. S. D. L. (Exeter)

    Carter, W. (St. Pancras, S.W.)

    Johnston, Thomas

    Noel Baker, P. J.

    Charleton, H. C.

    Jones, F. Llewellyn- (Flint)

    Oldfield, J. R.

    Chater, Daniel

    Jones, Henry Haydn (Merioneth)

    Oliver, George Harold (Ilkeston)

    Church, Major A. G.

    Jones, J. J. (West Ham, Silvertown)

    Oliver, P. M. (Man., Blackley)

    Cluse, W. S.

    Jones, Rt. Hon. Leif (Camborne)

    Owen, Major G. (Carnarvon)

    Cocks, Frederick Seymour

    Jones, Morgan (Caerphilly)

    Owen, H. F. (Hereford)

    Compton, Joseph

    Jones, T. I. Mardy (Pontypridd)

    Paling, Wilfrid

    Daggar, George

    Jowett, Rt. Hon. F. W.

    Palmer, E. T.

    Dallas, George

    Jowitt, Rt. Hon. W. A.

    Parkinson, John Allen (Wigan)

    Dalton, Hugh

    Kedward, R. M. (Kent, Ashford)

    Perry, S. F.

    Davies, E. C. (Montgomery)

    Kelly, W. T.

    Peters, Dr. Sidney John

    Denman, Hon. R. D.

    Kennedy, Thomas

    Pethick-Lawrence, F. W.

    Dickson, T.

    Kinley, J.

    Phillips, Dr. Marion

    Dudgeon, Major C. R.

    Lambert, Rt. Hon. George (S. Molton)

    Ponsonby, Arthur

    Dukes, C.

    Lang, Gordon

    Potts, John S.

    Ede, James Chuter

    Lansbury, Rt. Hon. George

    Price, M. P.

    Edge, Sir William

    Lathan, G.

    Pybus, Percy John

    Edmunds, J. E.

    Law, Albert (Bolton)

    Quibell, D. J. K.

    Edwards, E. (Morpeth)

    Law, A. (Rosendale)

    Ramsay, T. B. Wilson

    Egan, W. H.

    Lawrence, Susan

    Rathbone, Eleanor

    Elmley, Viscount

    Lawrie, Hugh Hartley (Stalybridge)

    Raynes, W. R.

    Evans, Capt. Ernest (Welsh Univer.)

    Lawson, John James

    Richards, R.

    Foot, Isaac

    Lawther, W. (Barnard Castle)

    Richardson, R. (Houghton-le-Spring)

    Freeman, Peter

    Leach, W.

    Riley, F. F. (Stockton-on-Tees)

    Gardner, B. W. (West Ham, Upton)

    Lee, Frank (Derby, N.E.)

    Roberts, Rt. Hon. F. O. (W. Bromwich)

    George, Major G. Lloyd (Pembroke)

    Lee, Jennie (Lanark, Northern)

    Romeril, H. G.

    Rosbotham, D. S. T.

    Rowson, Guy

    Smith, Rennie (Penistone)

    Wallhead, Richard C.

    Russell, Richard John (Eddisbury)

    Smith, Tom (Pontefract)

    Watkins, F. C.

    Salter, Dr. Alfred

    Smith, W. R. (Norwich)

    Watson, W. M. (Dunfermline)

    Samuel, H. W. (Swansea, West)

    Snowden, Thomas (Accrington)

    Watts-Morgan, Lt.-Col. D. (Rhondda)

    Sanders, w. S.

    Sorensen, R.

    Wellock, Wilfred

    Sandham, E.

    Spero, Dr. G. E.

    Welsh, James (Paisley)

    Sawyer, G. F.

    Stamford, Thomas W.

    Welsh, James C. (Coatbridge)

    Scott, James

    Stephen, Campbell

    West, F. R.

    Scurr, John

    Strachey, E. J. St. Loe

    Westwood, Joseph

    Shakespeare, Geoffrey H.

    Strauss, G. R.

    Whiteley, Wilfrid (Birm., Ladywood)

    Shaw, Rt. Hon. Thomas (Preston)

    Sullivan, J.

    Whiteley, William (Blaydon)

    Shepherd, Arthur Lewis

    Sutton, J. E.

    Wilkinson, Ellen C.

    Sherwood, G. H.

    Taylor R. A. (Lincoln)

    Williams, David (Swansea, East)

    Shield, George William

    Taylor,' W. B. (Norfolk, S.W.)

    Williams, Dr. J. H. (Llanelly)

    Shiels, Dr. Drummond

    Thorne, W. (West Ham, Plaistow)

    Williams, T. (York, Don Valley)

    Shillaker, J. F.

    Thurtle, Ernest

    Wilson, C. H. (Sheffield, Attercliffe)

    Shinwell, E.

    Tinker, John Joseph

    Wilson, J. (Oldham)

    Short, Alfred (Wednesbury)

    Toole, Joseph

    Wilson, R. J. (Jarrow)

    Simmons, C. J.

    Tout, W. J.

    Winterton, G. E. (Leicester, Loughb'gh)

    Sinkinson, George

    Townend, A. E.

    Wise, E. F.

    Sitch, Charles H.

    Turner, B.

    Young, R. S. (Islington, North)

    Smith, Alfred (Sunderland)

    Vaughan, D. J.

    Smith, Ben (Bermondsey, Rotherhithe)

    Viant, S. P.

    TELLERS FOR THE AYES.—

    Smith, Frank (Nuneaton)

    Walker, J.

    Mr. Charles Edwards and Mr. A. Barnes.

    Smith, H. B. Lees (Keighley)

    Wallace, H. W.

    NOES.

    Acland-Troyte, Lieut.-Colonel

    Gilmour, Lt.-Col. Rt. Hon. Sir John

    Russell, Alexander West (Tynemouth)

    Albery, Irving James

    Gower, Sir Robert

    Salmon, Major I.

    Atkinson, C.

    Graham, Fergus (Cumberland, N.)

    Samuel, A. M. (Surrey, Farnham)

    Balfour, George (Hampstead)

    Greene, W. P. Crawford

    Samuel, Samuel (W'dsworth, Putney)

    Balniel, Lord

    Gunston, Captain D. W.

    Sandeman, Sir N. Stewart

    Beamish, Rear-Admiral T. P. H.

    Hacking, Rt. Hon. Douglas H.

    Savery, S. S.

    Beaumont, M. W.

    Hannon, Patrick Joseph Henry

    Skelton, A. N.

    Bevan, S. J. (Holborn)

    Harvey, Major S. E. (Devon, Totnes'

    Smith, Louis W. (Sheffield, Hallam)

    Bourne, Captain Robert Croft

    Henderson, Capt. R. R. (Oxf'd, Henley)

    Smith-Carington, Neville W.

    Bowyer, Captain Sir George E. W.

    Heneage, Lieut.-Colonel Arthur P.

    Smithers, Waldron

    Bracken, B.

    Howard-Bury, Colonel C. K.

    Somerset, Thomas

    Bullock, Captain Malcolm

    Hudson, Capt. A. U. M. (Hackney, N.)

    Somerville, D. G. (Willesden, East)

    Butler, R. A.

    Lamb, Sir J. Q.

    Southby, Commander A. R. J.

    Castlestewart, Earl of

    Lymington, Viscount

    Spender-Clay, Colonel H.

    Chamberlain, Rt. Hon. N. (Edgbaston)

    Mac Robert, Rt. Hon. Alexander M.

    Stanley, Lord (Fylde)

    Christie, J. A.

    Makins, Brigadier-General E.

    Stanley, Maj. Hon. O. (W'morland)

    Colfox, Major William Philip

    Margesson, Captain H. D.

    Stuart, J. C. (Moray and Nairn)

    Colville, Major D. J.

    Mason, Colonel Glyn K.

    Thomas, Major L. B. (King's Norton)

    Cranbourne, Viscount

    Mitchell-Thomson, Rt. Hon. Sir W.

    Thomson, Sir F.

    Crookshank, Cpt.H. (Lindsey,Gainsbro)

    Monsell, Eyres, Com. Rt. Hon. Sir B.

    Tinne, J. A.

    Croom-Johnson, R. P.

    Moore, Lieut.-Colonel T. C. R. (Ayr)

    Titchfield, Major the Marguess of

    Culverwell, C. T. (Bristol, West)

    Morrison, Hugh (Wilts, Salisbury)

    Todd, Capt. A. J.

    Cunliffe-Lister, Rt. Hon. Sir Philip

    Morrison, W. S. (Glos., Cirencester)

    Tryon, Rt. Hon. George Clement

    Davies, Dr. Vernon

    Morrison-Bell, Sir Arthur Clive

    Ward, Lt.-Col. A.L. (Kingston-on-Hull)

    Davies, Maj. Geo. F. (Somerset, Yeovil)

    Muirhead, A. J.

    Wardlaw-Milne, J. S.

    Duckworth, G. A. V.

    Oman, Sir Charles William C.

    Warrender, Sir Victor

    Dugdale, Capt. T. L.

    O'Neill, Sir H.

    Waterhouse, Captain Charles

    Edmondson, Major A. J.

    Peake, Captain Osbert

    Wells, Sydney R.

    Elliot, Major Walter E.

    Percy, Lord Eustace (Hastings)

    Wilson, G. H. A. (Cambridge U.)

    Everard, W. Lindsay

    Peto, Sir Basil E. (Devon, Barnstaple)

    Wolmer, Rt. Hon. Viscount

    Falle, Sir Bertram G.

    Ramsbotham, H.

    Womersley, W. J.

    Fison, F. G. Clavering

    Remer, John R.

    Wood, Rt. Hon. Sir Kingsley

    Ford, Sir P. J.

    Rentoul, Sir Gervals S.

    Fremantle, Lieut.-Colonel Francis E.

    Roberts, Sir Samuel (Ecclesall)

    TELLERS FOR THE NOES.—

    Ganzoni, Sir John

    Rodd, Rt. Hon. Sir James Rennell

    Major Sir George Hennessy and Sir George Penny.

    Gibson, C. G. (Pudsey & Otley)

    Ross, Major Ronald D.

    Question put accordingly, "That those words be there inserted."
    The Committee divided; Ayes, 135; Noes, 229.

    Division No. 22.]

    AYES.

    [11.51 p.m.

    Acland-Troyte, Lieut.-Colonel

    Bourne, Captain Robert Croft

    Croom-Johnson, R. P.

    Albery, Irving James

    Bowyer, Captain Sir George E. W.

    Culverwell, C. T. (Bristol, West)

    Aske, Sir Robert

    Bracken, B.

    Davies, Dr. Vernon

    Astor, Viscountess

    Bullock, Captain Malcolm

    Davies, E. C. (Montgomery)

    Atkinson, C.

    Burgin, Dr. E. L.

    Davies, Maj. Geo. F. (Somerset, Yeovil)

    Balfour, George (Hampstead)

    Butler, R. A.

    Duckworth, G. A. V.

    Balniel, Lord

    Castlestewart, Earl of

    Dugdale, Capt. T. L.

    Beamish, Rear-Admiral T. P. H.

    Christie, J. A.

    Dudgeon, Major C. R.

    Beaumont, M. W.

    Colfox, Major William Philip

    Edge, Sir William

    Bevan, S. J. (Holborn)

    Colville, Major D. J.

    Edmondson, Major A. J.

    Birkett, W. Norman

    Cranbourne, Viscount

    Elliot, Major Walter E.

    Blindell, James

    Crookshank, Cpt.H. (Lindsey,Gainsbro)

    Elmley, Viscount

    Evans, Capt. Ernest (Welsh Univer)

    MacRobert, Rt. Hon. Alexander M.

    Samuel, Samuel (W'dsworth, Putney)

    Everard, W. Lindsay

    Makins, Brigadier-General E.

    Sandeman, Sir N. Stewart

    Falle, Sir Bertram G.

    Margesson, Captain H. D.

    Savery, S. S.

    Fison, F. G. Clavering

    Mason, Colonel Glyn K.

    Scott, James

    Foot, Isaac

    Millar, J. D.

    Shakespeare, Geoffrey H.

    Ford, Sir P. J.

    Mitchell-Thomson, Rt. Hon. Sir W.

    Skelton, A. N.

    Fremantle, Lieut.-Colonel Francis E.

    Monsell, Eyres, Com. Rt. Hon. Sir B.

    Smith, Louis W. (Sheffield, Hallam)

    Ganzoni, Sir John

    Moore, Lieut.-Colonel T. C. R. (Ayr)

    Smith-Carington, Neville W.

    George, Major G. Lloyd (Pembroke)

    Morrison, Hugh (Wilts, Salisbury)

    Smithers, Waldron

    Gibson, C. G. (Pudsey & Otley)

    Morrison, W. S. (Glos., Cirencester)

    Somerset, Thomas

    Gilmour, Lt.-Col. Rt. Hon. Sir John

    Morrison-Bell, Sir Arthur Clive

    Somerville, D. G. (Willesden, East)

    Glassey, A. E.

    Muirhead, A. J.

    Southby, Commander A. R. J.

    Gower, Sir Robert

    Nathan, Major H. L.

    Spender-Clay, Colonel H.

    Graham, Fergus (Cumberland, N.)

    Newman, Sir R. H. S. D. L. (Exeter)

    Stanley, Lord (Fylde)

    Gray, Milner

    Oliver, P. M. (Man., Blackley)

    Stanley, Maj. Hon. O. (W'morland)

    Greene, W. p. Crawford

    Oman, Sir Charles William C.

    Stuart, J. C. (Moray and Nairn)

    Gunston, Captain D. W.

    O'Neill, Sir H.

    Thomas, Major L. B. (King's Norton)

    Hacking, Rt. Hon. Douglas H.

    Owen, H. F. (Hereford)

    Thomson, Sir F.

    Hannon, Patrick Joseph Henry

    Peake, Captain Osbert

    Tinne, J. A.

    Harbord, A.

    Penny, Sir George

    Titchfield, Major the Marquess of

    Harvey, Major S. E. (Devon, Totnes)

    Peters, Dr. Sidney John

    Todd, Capt. A. J.

    Henderson, Capt. R. R. (Oxf'd, Henley)

    Peto, Sir Basil E. (Devon, Barnstaple)

    Tryon, Rt. Hon. George Clement

    Heneage, Lieut.-Colonel Arthur P.

    Pybus, Percy John

    Ward, Lt.-Col. A.L. (Kingston-on-Hull)

    Hennessy, Major Sir G. R. J.

    Ramsay, T. B. Wilson

    Wardlaw-Milne, J. S.

    Hore-Belisha, Leslie

    Ramsbotham, H.

    Warrender, Sir Victor

    Howard-Bury, Colonel C. K.

    Remer, John R.

    Waterhouse, Captain Charles

    Hudson, Capt. A. U. M. (Hackney, N.)

    Rentoul, Sir Gervals S.

    Wells, Sydney R.

    Hunter, Dr. Joseph

    Roberts, Sir Samuel (Ecclesall)

    Wilson, G. H. A. (Cambridge U.)

    Jones, F. Llewellyn. (Flint)

    Rodd, Rt. Hon. Sir James Rennell

    Wolmer, Rt. Hon. Viscount

    Jones, Henry Haydn (Merioneth)

    Ross, Major Ronald D.

    Womersley, W. J.

    Kedward, R. M. (Kent, Ashford)

    Russell, Alexander West (Tynemouth)

    Wood, Rt. Hon. Sir Kingsley

    Lamb. Sir J. Q.

    Russell, Richard John (Eddisbury)

    Lambert, Rt. Hon. George (S. Molton)

    Salmon, Major I.

    TELLERS FOR THE AYES.—

    Lymington, Viscount

    Samuel, A. M. (Surrey, Farnham)

    Major-General Sir Robert Hutchison and Major Owen.

    NOES.

    Adamson, Rt. Hon. W. (Fife, West)

    Ede, James Chuter

    Lathan, G.

    Adamson, W. M. (Staff., Cannock)

    Edmunds, J. E.

    Law, Albert (Bolton)

    Addison, Rt. Hon. Dr. Christopher

    Edwards, E. (Morpeth)

    Law, A. (Rosendale)

    Alexander, Rt. Hon. A. V. (Hillsbro')

    Egan, W. H.

    Lawrence, Susan

    Alpass, J. H.

    Freeman, Peter

    Lawrie, Hugh Hartley (Stalybridge)

    Ammon, Charles George

    Gardner, B. W. (West Ham, Upton)

    Lawson, John James

    Angell, Norman

    Gibbins, Joseph

    Lawther, W. (Barnard Castle)

    Arnott, John

    Gill, T. H.

    Leach, W.

    Ayles, Walter

    Gossling, A. G.

    Lee, Frank (Derby, N.E.)

    Baker, John (Wolverhampton, Bliston)

    Gould, F.

    Lee, Jennie (Lanark, Northern)

    Baldwin, Oliver (Dudley)

    Graham, D. M. (Lanark, Hamilton)

    Lees, J.

    Barr, James

    Greenwood, Rt. Hon. A. (Colne).

    Lewis, T. (Southampton)

    Batey, Joseph

    Grenfell, D. R. (Glamorgan)

    Lindley, Fred W.

    Beckett, John (Camberwell, Peckham)

    Grundy, Thomas W.

    Lloyd, C. Ellis

    Bellamy, Albert

    Hall, F. (York, W.R., Normanton)

    Longbottom, A. W.

    Benn, Rt. Hon. Wedgwood

    Hall, G. H. (Merthyr Tydvil)

    Longden, F.

    Bennett, Captain E.N. (Cardiff, Central)

    Hall. Capt. W. P. (Portsmouth, C.)

    Lunn, William

    Bennett, William (Battersea, South)

    Hamilton, Mary Agnes (Blackburn)

    Macdonald, Gordon (Ince)

    Benson, G.

    Hardie, George D.

    MacDonald, Rt. Hon. J. R. (Seaham)

    Bentham, Dr. Ethel

    Hartshorn, Rt. Hon. Vernon

    McElwee, A.

    Bevan, Aneurin (Ebbw Vale)

    Haycock, A. W.

    McEntee, V. L.

    Bowen, J. W.

    Hayday, Arthur

    Mackinder, W.

    Bowerman, Rt. Hon. Charles W.

    Henderson, Arthur, Junr. (Cardiff, S.)

    McKinlay, A.

    Broad, Francis Alfred

    Henderson, Thomas (Glasgow)

    MacLaren, Andrew

    Brockway, A. Fenner

    Henderson, W. W. (Middx., Enfield)

    McShane, John James

    Bromfield, William

    Herriotts, J.

    Malone, C. L'Estrange (N'thampton)

    Brothers, M.

    Hirst, G. H. (York, W.R.,Wentworth)

    Mansfield, W.

    Brown, C. W. E. (Notts. Mansfield)

    Hirst, W. (Bradford, South)

    Marley, J.

    Brown, James (Ayr and Bute)

    Hoffman, P. C.

    Mathers, George

    Buchanan, G.

    Hollins, A.

    Matters, L. W.

    Burgess, F. G.

    Hopkin, Daniel

    Melville, J. B.

    Caine, Derwent Hall

    Horrabin, J. F.

    Messer, Fred

    Cameron, A. G.

    Hudson, James H. (Huddersfield)

    Middleton, G.

    Cape, Thomas

    Isaacs, George

    Mills, J. E.

    Carter, W. (St. Pancras, S.W.)

    Jenkins, W. (Glamorgan, Neath)

    Milner, J.

    Charleton, H. C.

    John, William (Rhondda, West)

    Montague, Frederick

    Chater, Daniel

    Johnston, Thomas

    Morgan, Dr. H. B.

    Church, Major A. G.

    Jones, J. J. (West Ham, Silvertown)

    Morley, Ralph

    Cluse, W. S.

    Jones, Morgan (Caerphilly)

    Morrison, Herbert (Hackney, South)

    Cocks, Frederick Seymour

    Jones, T. I. Mardy (Psntyprldd)

    Morrison, Robert C. (Tottenham, N.)

    Compton, Joseph

    Jowett, Rt. Hon. F. W.

    Mort, D. L.

    Daggar, George

    Jowitt, Rt. Hon. W. A.

    Moses, J. J. H.

    Dallas, George

    Kelly. W. T.

    Mosley, Lady C. (Stoke-on-Trent)

    Dalton, Hugh

    Kennedy, Thomas

    Mosley, Sir Oswald (Smethwick)

    Denman, Hon. R. D.

    Kinley, J.

    Murnin, Hugh

    Dickson, T.

    Lang, Gordon

    Muff, G.

    Dukes, C.

    Lansbury, Rt. Hon. George

    Noel Baker, P. J.

    1890

    1891

    Oldfield, J. R.

    Shiels, Dr. Drummond

    Turner, B.

    Oliver, George Harold (Ilkeston)

    Shillaker, J. F.

    Vaughan, D. J.

    Paling, Wilfrid

    Shinwell, E.

    Viant, S. P.

    Palmer, E. T.

    Short, Alfred (Wednesbury)

    Walker, J.

    Parkinson, John Allen (Wigan)

    Simmons, C. J.

    Wallace, H. W.

    Perry, S. F.

    Sinkinson, George

    Wallhead, Richard C.

    Pethick-Lawrence, F. W.

    Sitch, Charles H.

    Watkins, F. C.

    Phillips, Dr. Marion

    Smith, Alfred (Sunderland)

    Watson, W. M. (Dunfermline)

    Ponsonby, Arthur

    Smith, Ben (Bermondsey, Rotherhithe)

    Watts-Morgan, Lt.-Col. D. (Rhondda)

    Potts, John S.

    Smith, Frank (Nuneaton)

    Wellock, Wilfred

    Price, M. P.

    Smith, H. B. Lees (Keighley)

    Welsh, James (Paisley)

    Quibell, D. J. K.

    Smith, Rennie (Penlstone)

    Welsh, James C. (Coatbridge)

    Rathbone, Eleanor

    Smith, Tom (Pontefract)

    West, F. R.

    Raynes, W. R.

    Smith, W. R. (Norwich)

    Westwood, Joseph

    Richards, R.

    Snowden, Thomas (Accrington)

    Whiteley, William (Blaydon)

    Richardson, R. (Houghton-le-Spring)

    Sorensen, R.

    Whiteley, Wilfrid (Birm., Ladywood)

    Riley, F. F. (Stockton-on-Tees)

    Spero, Dr. G. E.

    Wilkinson, Ellen C.

    Roberts, Rt. Hon. F. O. (W. Bromwich)

    Stamford, Thomas W.

    Williams, David (Swansea, East)

    Romeril, H. G

    Stephen, Campbell

    Williams, Dr. J. H. (Llanelly)

    Rosbotham, D. S. T.

    Strachey, E. J. St. Loe

    Williams, T. (York, Don Valley)

    Rowson, Guy

    Strauss, G. R.

    Wilson, C. H. (Sheffield, Attercliffe)

    Salter, Dr. Alfred

    Sullivan, J.

    Wilson, J. (Oldham)

    Samuel, H. W. (Swansea, West)

    Sutton, J. E.

    Wilson, R. J. (Jarrow)

    Sanders, W. S.

    Taylor R. A. (Lincoln)

    Winterton, G. E. (Leicester, Loughb'gh)

    Sandham, E.

    Taylor, W. B. (Norfolk, S.W.)

    Wise, E. F.

    Sawyer, G. F.

    Thorne, W. (West Ham, Plaistow)

    Young, R. S. (Islington, North)

    Scurr, John

    Thurtle, Ernest

    Shaw, Rt. Hon. Thomas (Preston)

    Tinker, John Joseph

    TELLERS FOR THE NOES.—

    Shepherd, Arthur Lewis

    Toole, Joseph

    Mr. Charles Edwards and Mr. A. Larnes.

    Sherwood, G. H.

    Tout, W. J.

    Shield, George William

    Townend, A. E.

    Sir K. WOOD: I beg to move, in page 2, line 7, to leave out the words "at some time," and to insert instead thereof the words:
    "for a period of at least twelve months."
    I move this Amendment formally, in order to get a reply.
    Miss LAWRENCE: The Bill says that the person shall have been normally in insurable employment at some time during the three years before his death, and the Amendment says that instead of being normally employed at some time during the three years he shall have been normally employed for 12 months during the three years. In dealing with these people we may be going back for 40 years, and it may be very difficult to determine the exact time during which that normal employment was carried on. Would a man who had been in uninsurable employment during three years and who took one week's insurable employment come under the word "normal"? No. That man would be a man who was normally in uninsurable employment and exceptionally in insurable employment. Then people say, "What a vague word is 'normal,' and how difficult to interpret!" My mind goes back to the time during last Session when we were asking for a definition of "wholly or mainly," when we put forward the plea, on the same lines as the right hon. Gentleman and his friends are doing now, that "mainly" was too vague a word. I remember that
    1892
    the right hon. Gentleman then said that "wholly or mainly" was a term that anyone with common sense could interpret, and I say precisely the same thing now with regard to "normal." It connotes a fairly long period of settled conditions, not in exceptional employment for a week or two, but normally. In the discussion on the Eating and Valuation (Apportionment) Act, the right hon. Gentleman said, as I say now, that for a word of this sort to be interpreted by the common sense of the community was better than to have a narrow definition, such as putting in 12 months would be, a thing which would cut out a great number of the people whose husbands died a long time ago. You might prove that someone was a wheelwright's labourer, we will say, and was in the employment of a firm for a long time.
    But you might find it very difficult indeed to prove exactly from the books and records you can obtain from an employer or a manager that the man was in regular employment. We say, therefore, that the term "normal", which anybody can interpret, is a much better definition n and less likely to cut people out than exactly twelve months. We say that "normal" is a very much better word on exactly the same ground as we say that "during the period" is a better term than "upon the date", and we prefer it to the right hon. Gentleman's twelve months.
    Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: I must say I find the reply of the Parliamentary Secretary exceedingly disappointing; it altogether fails to meet the difficulties which I put forward when I was moving this Amendment. It is really no use to say that the whole thing turns on the word "normally"; it does not. "Normal" is one of the factors, but it is normal occupation, not during an indefinite period, but at some time. My contention was that you could not have a normal occupation "at some time"; it must be "for some time", or else it would not be normal. I should be quite ready to put in a shorter time than twelve months, but we have accepted the view that the people to be brought in under this Bill are to be widows of men who were normally in what is called insurable employment; that is to say, employment which would have been insurable at the time they were employed if the Insurance Act had been in force at that time. The Parliamentary Secretary says it means that a person was employed, say, as a wheelwright or in some works for a long time. It is quite clear that the evidence in these cases is not going to be exact evidence of written records. That has been laid down by the Parliamentary Secretary, and it is accepted in all parts of the House. What has to be accepted is evidence that may be available from persons who have knowledge of the man who served them, whose insurance is in question, or whose widow is in question, evidence of the sort of occupation which was his normal occupation.
    We want to be sure that we are not going to bring in people whom the Government do not want to bring in, whose normal occupation was not insurable. It is no argument to say that if a person is proved to have been employed in an insurable occupation for one week, but was in uninsurable occupation most of the time, that person's occupation was uninsurable. That is not the evidence that is going to be given.
    The evidence is that at some time a person was employed in a certain occupation, an insurable occupation. If he was employed at that time in that insurable occupation, it might well be argued that that was his normal occupation, but there would be no evidence given as to what was his occupation at a certain time. As the Bill is drawn, with these very loose words "at some time," as applied to normal occupation, the door is left wide open for widows whose husbands were normally not in insurable occupation to be able to establish their claims. We are not going to have further discussion on this point; I can only put the case as I have put it to the Committee. The reply which has been made seems to me to be entirely unsatisfactory and insufficient, and we shall now have to put it to the test of a Division.
    Question put, "That the words proposed to be left out stand part of the Clause."
    The Committee divided: Ayes, 254; Noes, 97.

    Division No. 23.]

    AYES.

    [12.12 a.m.

    Adamson, Rt. Hon. W. (Fife, West)

    Brockway, A. Fenner

    Dudgeon, Major C. R.

    Adamson, W. M. (Staff., Cannock)

    Bromfield, William

    Dukes, C.

    Addison, Rt. Hon. Dr. Christopher

    Brothers, M.

    Ede, James Chuter

    Alexander, Rt. Hon. A. V. (Hillsbro')

    Brown, C. W. E. (Notts, Mansfield)

    Edge, Sir William

    Alpass, J. H.

    Brown, Ernest (Leith)

    Edmunds, J. E.

    Ammon, Charles George

    Brown, James (Ayr and Bute)

    Edwards, E. (Morpeth)

    Arnott, John

    Buchanan, G.

    Elmley, Viscount

    Aske, Sir Robert

    Burgess, F. G.

    Foot, Isaac

    Ayles, Walter

    Burgin, Dr. E. L.

    Freeman, Peter

    Baker, John (Wolverhampton, Bilston)

    Caine, Derwent Hall-

    Gardner, B. W. (West Ham, Upton)

    Baldwin, Oliver (Dudley)

    Cameron, A. G.

    George, Major G. Lloyd (Pembroke)

    Barnes, Alfred John

    Cape, Thomas

    Gibbins, Joseph

    Barr, James

    Carter, W. (St. Pancras, S.W.)

    Gill, T. H.

    Batey, Joseph

    Charleton, H. C.

    Glassey, A. E.

    Bellamy, Albert

    Chater, Daniel

    Gossling, A. G.

    Benn, Rt. Hon. Wedgwood

    Church, Major A. G.

    Gould, F.

    Bennett, Captain E.N. (Cardiff,Central)

    Cluse, W. S.

    Graham, D. M. (Lanark, Hamilton)

    Bennett, William (Battersea, South)

    Cocks, Frederick Seymour

    Gray, Milner

    Benson, G.

    Compton, Joseph

    Greenwood, Rt. Hon. A. (Colne).

    Bentham, Dr. Ethel

    Daggar, George

    Grenfell, D. R. (Glamorgan)

    Bevan, Aneurin (Ebbw Vale)

    Dallas, George

    Griffith, F. Kingsley (Middlesbro' W.)

    Birkett, W. Norman

    Dalton, Hugh

    Griffiths, T. (Monmouth, Pontypool)

    Blindell, James

    Davies, E. C. (Montgomery)

    Grundy, Thomas W.

    Bowen, J. W.

    Denman, Hon. R. D.

    Hall, F. (York, W.R., Normanton)

    Broad, Francis Alfred

    Dickson, T.

    Hall, G. H. (Merthyr Tydvil)

    Hall. Capt. W. P. (Portsmouth, C.)

    Mackinder, W.

    Shield, George William

    Hamilton, Mary Agnes (Blackburn)

    McKinlay, A.

    Shiels, Dr. Drummond

    Harbord, A.

    MacLaren, Andrew

    Shillaker, J. F.

    Hardie, George D.

    McShane, John James

    Shinwell, E.

    Hartshorn, Rt. Hon. Vernon

    Malone, C. L'Estrange (N'thampton)

    Short, Alfred (Wednesbury)

    Haycock, A. W.

    Mansfield, W.

    Simmons, C. J.

    Hayday, Arthur

    Marley, J.

    Sinkinson, George

    Hayes, John Henry

    Mathers, George

    Sitch, Charles H.

    Henderson, Arthur, junr. (Cardiff, S.)

    Matters, L. W.

    Smith, Alfred (Sunderland-)

    Henderson, Thomas (Glasgow)

    Melville, Sir James

    Smith, Frank (Nuneaton)

    Henderson, W. W. (Middx., Enfield)

    Messer, Fred

    Smith, H. B. Lees (Keighley)

    Herrlotts, J.

    Middleton, G.

    Smith, Rennie (Penistone)

    Hirst, G. H. (York W. R. Wentworth)

    Millar, J. D.

    Smith, Tom (Pontefract)

    Hirst, W. (Bradford, South)

    Mills, J. E.

    Smith, W. R. (Norwich)

    Hoffman, P. C.

    Milner, J.

    Snowden, Thomas (Accrington)

    Hollins, A.

    Montague, Frederick

    Sorensen, R.

    Hopkin, Daniel

    Morgan, Dr. H. B.

    Spero, Dr. G. E.

    Hore-Belisha, Leslie

    Morley, Ralph

    Stamford, Thomas W.

    Horrabin, J. P.

    Morrison, Herbert (Hackney, South)

    Stephen, Campbell

    Hudson, James H. (Huddersfield)

    Mort, D. L.

    Strachey, E. J. St. Loe

    Hunter, Dr. Joseph

    Moses, J. J. H.

    Strauss, G. R.

    Hutchison, Maj.-Gen. Sir R.

    Mosley, Lady C. (Stoke-on-Trent)

    Sullivan, J.

    Isaacs, George

    Mosley, Sir Oswald (Smethwick)

    Sutton, J. E.

    Jenkins, W. (Glamorgan, Neath)

    Muff, G.

    Taylor, R. A. (Lincoln)

    John, William (Rhondda, West)

    Murnin, Hugh

    Taylor, W. B. (Norfolk, S.W.)

    Johnston, Thomas

    Nathan, Major H. L.

    Thorne, W. (West Ham, Plaistow)

    Jones, F. Llewellyn- (Flint)

    Newman, Sir R. H. S. D. L. (Exeter)

    Thurtle, Ernest

    Jones, Henry Haydn (Merioneth)

    Oldfield, J. R.

    Tinker, John Joseph

    Jones, J. J. (West Ham, Silvertown)

    Oliver, George Harold (Ilkeston)

    Toole, Joseph

    Jones, Rt. Hon Leif (Camborne)

    Oliver, P. M. (Man., Blackley)

    Tout, W. J.

    Jones, Morgan (Caerphilly)

    Owen, Major G. (Carnarvon)

    Townend, A. E.

    Jones, T. I. Mardy (Pontypridd)

    Owen, H. F. (Hereford)

    Turner, B.

    Jowett, Rt. Hon. F. W.

    Paling, Wilfrid

    Vaughan, D. J.

    Jowitt, Rt. Hon. Sir W. A.

    Palmer, E. T.

    Viant, S. P.

    Kedward, R. M. (Kent, Ashford)

    Parkinson, John Allen (Wigan)

    Walker, J.

    Kelly, W. T.

    Perry, S. F.

    Wallace, H. W.

    Kennedy, Thomas

    Peters, Dr. Sidney John

    Wallhead, Richard C.

    Kinley, J.

    Pethick-Lawrence, F. W.

    Watkins, F. C.

    Lambert, Rt. Hon. George (S. Molton)

    Phillips, Dr. Marion

    Watson, W. M. (Dunfermline)

    Lang, Gordon

    Price, M. P.

    Watts-Morgan, Lt.-Col. D. (Rhondda)

    Lansbury, Rt. Hon. George

    Pybus, Percy John

    Wellock, Wilfred

    Lathan, G.

    Quibell, D. J. K.

    Welsh, James (Paisley)

    Law, Albert (Bolton)

    Ramsay, T. B. Wilson

    Welsh, James C. (Coatbridge)

    Law, A. (Rosendale)

    Raynes, W. R.

    West, F. R.

    Lawrence, Susan

    Richards, R.

    Westwood, Joseph

    Lawrie, Hugh Hartley (Stalybridge)

    Richardson, R. (Houghton-le-Spring)

    Whiteley, Wilfrid (Birm., Ladywood)

    Lawson, John James

    Riley, F. F. (Stockton-on-Tees)

    Whiteley, William (Blaydon)

    Lawther, W. (Barnard Castle)

    Romeril, H. G.

    Wilkinson, Ellen C.

    Leach, W.

    Rosbotham, D. S. T.

    Williams, David (Swansea, East)

    Lee, Frank (Derby, N. E.)

    Rowson, Guy

    Williams, Dr. J. H. (Llanelly)

    Lee, Jennie (Lanark, Northern)

    Salter, Dr. Alfred

    Williams, T. (York, Don Valley)

    Lees, J.

    Samuel, H. W. (Swansea, West)

    Wilson, C. H. (Sheffield, Attercliffe)

    Lewis, T. (Southampton)

    Sanders, W. S.

    Wilson, J. (Oldham)

    Lindley, Fred W.

    Sandham, E.

    Wilson, R. J. (Jarrow)

    Lloyd, C. Ellis

    Sawyer, G. F.

    Winterton, G. E. (Leicester, Loughb'gh)

    Longbottom, A. W.

    Scott, James

    Wise, E. F.

    Longden, F.

    Scurr, John

    Young, R. S. (Islington, North)

    Lunn, William

    Shakespeare, Geoffrey H.

    Macdonald, Gordon (Ince)

    Shaw, Rt. Hon. Thomas (Preston)

    TELLERS FOR THE AYES.—

    McElwee, A.

    Shepherd, Arthur Lewis

    Mr. Benjamin Smith and Mr. Charles Edwards.

    McEntee, V. L.

    Sherwood, G. H.

    NOES.

    Acland-Troyte, Lieut.-Colonel

    Davies, Dr. Vernon

    Harvey, Major S. E. (Devon, Totnes)

    Albery, Irving James

    Davies, Maj. Geo. F. (Somerset, Yeovil)

    Henderson, Capt. R. R. (Oxf'd, Henley)

    Allen, W. E. D. (Belfast, W.)

    Duckworth, G. A. V.

    Heneage, Lieut.-Colonel Arthur P.

    Astor, Viscountess

    Dugdale, Capt. T. L.

    Hennessy, Major Sir G. R. J.

    Balfour, George (Hampstead)

    Edmondson, Major A. J.

    Howard-Bury, Colonel C. K.

    Balniel, Lord

    Elliot, Major Walter E.

    Hudson, Capt. A. U. M. (Hackney, N.)

    Beamish, Rear-Admiral T. P. H.

    Everard, W. Lindsay

    Lamb, Sir J. Q.

    Beaumont, M. W.

    Falle, Sir Bertram G.

    Lymington, Viscount

    Boothby, R. J. G.

    Fison, F. G. Clavering

    MacRobert, Rt. Hon. Alexander M.

    Bourne, Captain Robert Croft

    Ford, Sir P. J.

    Margesson, Captain H. D.

    Bracken, B.

    Fremantle, Lieut.-Colonel Francis E.

    Mason, Colonel Glyn K.

    Bullock, Captain Malcolm

    Ganzoni, Sir John

    Mitchell-Thomson, Rt. Hon. Sir W.

    Butler, R. A.

    Gibson, C. G. (Pudsey & Otley)

    Monsell, Eyres, Com. Rt. Hon. Sir B.

    Castle Stewart, Earl of

    Gilmour, Lt.-Col. Rt. Hon. Sir John

    Morrison, W. S. (Glos., Cirencester)

    Chamberlain, Rt. Hon. N. (Edgbaston)

    Gower, Sir Robert

    Morrison-Bell, Sir Arthur Clive

    Colfox, Major William Philip

    Grace, John

    Muirhead, A. J.

    Colville, Major D. J.

    Graham, Fergus (Cumberland, N.)

    O'Neill, Sir H.

    Cranbourne, Viscount

    Greene, W. P. Crawford

    Peake, Captain Osbert

    Crookshank, Cpt.H. (Llndsey, Gainsbro)

    Gunston, Captain D. W.

    Peto, Sir Basil E. (Devon, Barnstaple)

    Culverwell, C. T. (Bristol, West)

    Hacking, Rt. Hon. Douglas H.

    Ramsbotham, H.

    Cunliffe-Lister, Rt. Hon. Sir Philip

    Hannon, Patrick Joseph Henry

    Remer, John R.

    1896

    1897

    Rentoul, Sir Gervals S.

    Somerset, Thomas

    Wardlaw-Milne, J. S.

    Roberts, Sir Samuel (Ecclesall)

    Somerville, D. G. (Willesden, East)

    Warrender, Sir Victor

    Rodd, Rt. Hon. Sir James Rennell

    Southby, Commander A. R. J.

    Waterhouse, Captain Charles

    Ross, Major Ronald D.

    Spender-Clay, Colonel H.

    Wells, Sydney R.

    Russell, Alexander West (Tynemouth)

    Stanley, Lord (Fylde)

    Wilson, G. H. A. (Cambridge U.)

    Salmon, Major I.

    Stanley, Maj. Hon. O. (W'morland)

    Wolmer, Rt. Hon. Viscount

    Samuel, Samuel (W'dsworth, Putney)

    Stuart, J. C. (Moray and Nairn)

    Womersley, W. J.

    Sandeman, Sir N. Stewart

    Thomas, Major L. B. (King's Norton)

    Wood, Rt. Hon. Sir Kingsley

    Savery, S. S.

    Thomson, Sir F.

    Skelton, A. N.

    Titchfield, Major the Marquess of

    TELLERS FOR THE NOES.—

    Smith, Louis W. (Sheffield, Hallam)

    Todd, Capt. A. J.

    Sir George Penny and Captain Sir George Bowyer.

    Smith-Carington, Neville W.

    Tryon, Rt. Hon. George Clement

    Smithers, Waldron

    Ward, Lt.-Col. A. L. (Kingston-on-Hull)

    Mr. REMER: I beg to move, in page 2, line 11, after the word "time" to insert the words:
    "Provided in each case that his income within five years of his death had not exceeded five hundred pounds per annum."
    This Amendment calls attention to another of the anomalies and injustices of this Bill as drafted. It is to me a matter of considerable anxiety that under this Bill a number of people will receive pensions who do not need them and a great many people will be left without pensions who really do need them. During consideration of this Clause we have on repeated occasions tried to amend it so as to remove these anomalies and this Amendment provides one of the few opportunities left to us on which we can try to bring common sense into the minds of the Minister and the Parliamentary Secretary. On every Amendment we have put forward so far the Minister has stubbornly refused to give us a logical answer to our arguments; and I now ask whether it is right that the widow of a man who has had £500 a year for four years eleven months and three weeks before his death and in one week was in insurable occupation should receive a pension? That is what the Bill says as now put forward. Nothing could be more grotesque or absurd, and I think the Amendment ought to commend itself to the serious attention of the Minister. A great many cases have been quoted, and I should not be allowed to quote them again, but there must be in the mind of every hon. Member opposite a guilty conscience; he must know perfectly well that this is a vote-catching scheme. It is going to create anomalies and grievances throughout the land, and I deplore the fact that hon. Members opposite are allowing the miseries of the people to be used for vote-catching purposes. I do not think that the widow of anyone with an income of £500 a year is entitled to a pension, and I feel sure that after consideration the
    1898
    right hon. Gentleman will be prepared to accept this most reasonable Amendment.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: This Amendment, again, raises the question of the means limit, which has already been fully discussed in the Committee; but, of all the Amendments that have been put down, this is perhaps the strangest. Consider what it means. It would impose, besides the test of membership of the insurable class, a further means test. We are told that the hon. Member wishes to rid the Bill of anomalies and injustices, but this is a kind of Amendment that really creates them. In the preceding paragraphs it is laid down that the test is to be applied for the last three years—a reasonable period. This Amendment would necessitate a scrutiny of the incomes of the husbands of applicants for pensions for the previous five years. The hon. Member tells the Committee of the case of a man who for four years, 11 months and three weeks has an income at the rate of £500 a year, who for the last week suddenly falls into the insurable class, and then, after a week dies—
    Mr. REMER: I cannot allow the right hon. Gentleman to misquote me. I said that the man might for one week in the five years be in an insurable occupation; I did not say the last week.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: I beg the hon. Member's pardon. If the man for one week in the five years was engaged in an insurable occupation, and for the rest of the five years was earning an income of £10 per week, clearly that one week would not indicate what his normal occupation was.
    Mr. REMER: If I may interrupt the right hon. Gentleman for a moment, I know people in the motor industry at the present moment who are earning as much as £13 a week.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: A man who fell into the insurable class for one week. A

    1899
    man may be a manual worker earning £10 a week and still be in the insurable class.
    An HON. MEMBER: What about the brain workers?
    Mr. GREENWOOD: The hon. Member must restrain himself. The Amendment amounts to this, that if for one year of the previous five years, whatever the other four years may be, a man earns more than £500, his widow is to be denied the pension, although he was of the insurable class. It is not that he should be earning £500 for five years; it is, if for one year he earns £500 but in the remaining four years earns, perhaps, only 40 shillings a week, his widow is to be deprived of the pension. [HON. MEMBERS: NO.] I will read the words of the Amendment:
    "Provided in each case that his income within five years of his death had not exceeded five hundred pounds per annum."
    That certainly does cover the case of a man who at one year during that period of time—
    HON. MEMBERS: No.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: But I so read the Amendment, and, if the hon. Member wished to say anything else, he ought to have altered his Amendment.
    Mr. REMER: That is not my reading of it.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: I cannot be responsible for the way that the hon. Member reads the Amendment.
    Mr. REMER: I cannot be responsible for the way that you read it, either.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: It may well be that within this period of five years a man was in the insurable class for three years or more, and yet, because for one or two years this income was exceeded, notwithstanding the three years prior to his death being spent in insurable occupation, his widow is to be deprived of the pension. That cannot be defended either in this House or in the country. It will create anomalies that hon. Members opposite will find it utterly impossible to defend. We have to try to reduce the number of anomalies in the Bill, and we have succeeded, but this would create a new injustice, and I imagine that the Committee will agree with me that it ought to be rejected.
    Mr. REMER: The right hon. Gentleman said that he had reduced anomalies. Can he name one anomaly that he has reduced in the course of the Committee stage of this Bill?
    Amendment negatived.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: I beg to move, in page 2, line 11, at the end, to insert the words:
    "(iii) that during the late war he served in the naval, military, or air forces of the Crown, or as a master or seaman for a period of not less than two years and was entitled to be insured whilst so serving, and died within three years of the termination of that period; or"
    I propose at a later stage to move a further Amendment, which I might now read to complete the run as it will appear in the Bill:
    "(iv) that having joined the naval or military forces of the Crown for temporary service only in connection with any war previous to the late war, he served during that war as a man of those forces for a period of not less than two years and died within three years of the termination of that period, or,"
    HON. MEMBERS: Is that Amendment printed?
    Mr. GREENWOOD: No, it is not printed.
    Mr. REMER: At what stage of the Bill does this come?
    Mr. GREENWOOD: Clause 1, page 2, line 11; it reads on immediately after the Amendment printed on the paper. I cannot move it now, because there are some Amendments to my first Amendment that must come before it. The Committee will see that this Amendment that I shall move does cover several of the Amendments to my Amendment that are on the Order Paper. The Amendment that I have moved is intended to apply to the case of a man who served during the late War, but who, in civil life, before he joined the Army, had not a normal occupation of insurable employment, with the result that the condition of Clause one, 1 (a) (ii) would not have satisfied the question of normal occupation in his case. As regards the first condition of membership of an approved society or insurance as a voluntary contributor, some of the men not of the insurable class who went to the army during the late war may have become registered as members of an approved society or as deposit contributors, but as a matter of

    1901
    fact, a very large number did not do so. There is no record of them in the Navy, Army or Air Force Insurance Fund, although technically they were really members of that fund during their period of service. In the principal Act of 1925, Section 44 (5), special provision was made whereby men who served in the late War were deemed to be insured and contributions were deemed to have been paid in respect of them during their period of service, and by reason of the provision in the principal Act the widow of such a man was able to establish a right to a pension under Section 18 if the period of the man's service was not less than two years and if he died within the normal period of insurance following the end of his service.
    This is an attempt to continue that principle and to apply it to the people who now come within the scope of the Bill. Words have been inserted to make the position clear with regard to members of the Mercantile Marine. It is understood that there are certain members of the Mercantile Marine to whom the concession given to the men of the Forces should apply and whose widows are not members of a society. The later Amendments have been drafted with a view to meeting a case put in Committee. They will bring in not only those who served in the late war but also those who served in earlier wars. My Amendment is confined to the Naval and Military Forces, because there was no Air Force in the earlier wars, and the provisions are so framed that the same conditions, in effect, will apply as are applied in the present Amendment under the principal Act. I imagine that the Committee will give its support to the Amendment which is designed to cover as far as possible the point raised with regard to the Army, Navy, Air Force and Mercantile Marine.
    Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: I beg to move, "That the Chairman do report Progress, and ask leave to sit again."
    I think the Committee will agree that they are in a position of great difficulty in regard to this Amendment of the Minister, by reason of the fact that it appears to have been materially altered by a manuscript Amendment not put down on the Paper, and of which the Minister has been good enough to hand
    1902
    us a rather mutilated copy. He has only one copy which I have had no time to study, and as far as I know other hon. Members in the House have not seen a copy. I am in the greatest doubt as to the proposal. The alteration is part of the new Amendment. I have an Amendment down to leave out the words "during the late war." I do not know whether the Minister is going to accept that Amendment or whether it is covered by the Amendment which he has read out and which it was not possible to follow because it was too long and too complicated; and I imagine there are other hon. Members who have Amendments down on the Paper who will be in the same position as myself. It seems to me that in the circumstances it is almost impossible to discuss our Amendments to this Amendment until we have had a little time to consider the Amendment which the Minister has put down. It appears to me, therefore, that the only course before the Committee is to report Progress so as to obtain a little more time to consider the new Amendment, see what it means, and, if necessary, change some of the Amendments on the Paper.
    Sir K. WOOD: Hon. Members in all parts of the House will agree that we have reached a very important part of this Bill. We are coming to the portion which is making provision for members of the Naval, Military, and Air Forces. The proposals of the Government are contained in the Bill, and they have been before the Committee for some considerable time, but about a quarter of an hour ago or ten minutes ago we had handed to us an Amendment of the greatest importance, inasmuch as it is presented by the Minister in charge of the Bill. It is to the following effect:
    "Having joined the naval or military Forces of the Crown for temporary service only in connection with any war previous to the late war, he served—"
    I think it is intended to read—
    "during that war as a member of those Forces for a period of not less than two years and died within three years of the termination of that period."
    It is obviously impossible for us to give consideration to an important Amendment of that character at the present time and in the present circumstances. It is not fair play to the Committee, and it is certainly not doing justice to the

    1903
    people who sure to benefit under the provisions of this Bill. I think a stage of the evening has now been reached when we might report Progress and ask leave to sit again. It will give the right hon. Gentleman an opportunity of again considering this matter and putting his Amendment on the Order Paper. When he looks at it again, he might put it into another and more intelligible form. In any event, we ought to have time to consider a proposal of this character. I do not know why the right hon. Gentleman has not put this Amendment on the Paper. We should certainly have an opportunity for careful perusal of it. My right hon. Friend and myself have Amendments down to remedy some of the defects of the Government's proposals. They have been on the Paper for some days and there is no suggestion that there is anything wrong with them. These proposals are in general keeping with the way in which the Government have proceeded with the Bill. They present to us an important Amendment in an unintelligible manuscript form at this hour of the evening, and in the interests of every member of the Committee time should be given to consider it. For all these reasons, I think the Motion ought to be carried.
    Lieut.-Colonel HENEAGE: I should like to add several reasons why we should report Progress. First of all, I understand that the Amendment only deals with people who temporarily joined the Services. What does that mean? Does it mean that the people who really belonged to the Services—
    Mr. GREENWOOD: On a point of Order. The hon. Member is discussing the substance of an Amendment which is not before the Committee.
    Lieut.-Colonel HENEAGE: I have several other arguments. Let me ask this, what is meant by "the late war"? I should like to know how many wars there have been in India. There was a certain amount of warfare in the defence of Shanghai which hon. Members opposite—[Interruption].
    The DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN: Order. The Question before the Committee is that I report Progress and ask leave to Bit again. The hon. and gallant Member is not entitled to discuss anything except what is before the Committee.
    Lieut.-Colonel HENEAGE: I venture to suggest for the consideration of yourself and the Committee that there are a great many reasons why we should report Progress and consider the fresh point of view. We have not had any explanation from the Government on a very important point [Interruption]. I venture to suggest that that is an additional reason why we should report Progress. First of all, we have a new Amendment which we have not had an opportunity of seeing and considering along with the Amendments to the Government Amendment. I submit that it is extremely hard for hon. Members opposite who have not had an opportunity of seeing this new Amendment.
    The DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN: Order. The hon. and gallant Member is not entitled to discuss what is past. He is only entitled to discuss the Motion now before the Committee. I would ask him to keep to that Question rigidly.
    Sir B. PETO: A very large number of Members on this side of the House both above and below the gangway have followed every stage of this Bill with the greatest attention and have moved Amendments from time to time which they have always taken the precaution to put on the Order Paper well before the day when the matter would be discussed, thus giving the Government every opportunity of considering them. We have now suddenly come to a point when an Amendment is sprung upon us, which Members in all parts of the House have had no opportunity of seeing, and which has an obvious bearing on, and possibly extending in some directions and limiting in other directions, what is before this Committee at the present time. The Government's first Amendment has been on the Order Paper for a considerable number of days. It has been there long enough to be altered to its present form from that in which it first appeared on the Order Paper and there have also been on the Order Paper a number of Amendments which hon. Members in different parts of the House proposed to move, to extend in some directions the proposals of the Government. Never in my experience in the House has there been a situation precisely parallel to the present one, when the whole work of the Committee is rendered literally impossible by the action of the

    1905
    Government. Therefore, it is quite clear to me, at any irate, although I have often heard Motions made to report Progress at this hour of the night that there never has been a case so completely justified for that course than the occasion in which we now find ourselves.
    To-day at Question Time the Prime Minister indicated that he hoped to get through to Clause 15 of the Bill. Therefore, the Minister had full notice some ten hours ago from his leader, the Leader of the House, that he proposed to proceed far beyond the present point at which we have reached. The Minister knew quite well that this difficulty would occur, and he could have taken measures, if it was impossible to have put the Amendment on the Order Paper, to have circulated it to all Members of the House who have been taking an active interest in the Debate. That course would have allowed us to have seen what he was going to propose. He has not allowed any of us on this side of the House to see what he intended to propose. He did not hand to the Leader of the Opposition, as far as these debates are concerned, on the Front Bench, a copy of the Amendment until a few moment ago, and then it was in quite unintelligible form so far as I have heard it read. For these reasons, I think it is hardly necessary to add anything in support of the Motion. I am confident that the Committee ought not to proceed further until we have the Government proposals on the Paper and have had at least the whole of Wednesday to consider them. That would give us a reasonable opportunity of judging what these proposals amount to, and how they may affect a very large number of people. We should not discuss what we do not understand. [Interruption.] As the Opposition, it is our duty to sift these matters and know what the Government do propose. For those reasons, I support the Motion.
    Mr. BALFOUR: I have heard many Debates in this House on Motions to report Progress. I have heard them on Motions of great moment. I have listened to them on several occasions when obviously there was nothing before the House but obstruction tactics; but, in a fairly long and certainly varied experience of this House, I have never known an occasion—
    Mr. W. THORNE: Rubbish!
    1.0 a.m.
    Captain GUNSTON: Is it in order for an hon. Gentleman to use such a term in connection with the arguments of another hon. Gentleman?
    Sir B. BETO: Mr. Chairman, I wish to call your attention to the fact that the hon. Member for Plaistow (Mr. Thorne) shouted the word "rubbish."
    The DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN: The expression is not one that ought ordinarily to be used.
    HON. MEMBERS: Withdraw!
    Sir B. PETO: I ask the hon. Member to withdraw.
    The DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN: I did not hear any remark that I could ask the hon. Member for Plaistow (Mr. Thorne) to withdraw.
    Mr. BALFOUR: When I was interrupted, I was making what I thought was quite a serious contribution to the debate. I intended to endeavour to bring back the Committee to a due sense of proportion of the gravity of the matter. [Interruption.] Hon. Members opposite jeer and laugh at that. With longer experience, they will understand that in this House we are passing legislation which will be inscribed on the Statute Book and which affects the liberties of the people of this country. I submit, from a long experience of this House—and any hon. Member who has sat through the last eleven years here will bear me out—that never has there been submitted a Motion to report Progress which should more commend itself to the attention of the Committee than the Motion submitted to-night.
    Let me look at this Motion, analyse it, and endeavour to see whether what I have said is justified or not. I will say nothing about the Amendments or the details of what we are likely or not likely to do, but will confine myself entirely to the question of reporting Progress. We are asked to-night to consider seriously and pass legislation on a Motion made by the Minister. Can any hon. Gentleman on the other side tell me now in reasonably clear and logical language what the Amendment is? Can any hon. Gentleman opposite give us the words so that we can rise, as we are entitled to do, and move appropriate Amendments to the proposed

    1907
    Amendment? Of course, he cannot. Leaving aside all question of party and treating this as a House of Commons matter, am I not right? Does it not appeal to reason that we cannot consider the Amendment thoughtfully and word by word. I am on sure ground when I say that never has there been a Motion submitted to this House to report Progress which should better command the attention of hon. Gentlemen opposite.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: I do not wish the Committee to think that I have treated it with any discourtesy. It is by pure mischance that the Amendment was not on the Order Paper to-day. I expected that it would be there. I take full responsibility for it not being on the Paper, and I expect to be forgiven, so that we may make further progress.
    As I listened to the right hon. Gentleman (Sir K. Wood) reading the words of the Amendment out in measured tones, I felt proud of the handiwork of my advisers, for I never heard a clearer Amendment in my life than this one. It is an attempt to meet the wishes of many Members of the Committee, and I suggest that hon. Members opposite have chosen a very bad battle ground for a Motion of this kind. I can imagine what would have happened had we been sitting on the opposite side and had proposed a Motion to report Progress in connection with the Fighting Services. It would have been said that we were acting in a most unpatriotic manner. This new Amendment is not a restrictive Amendment. Anybody who has heard it read twice ought at least to understand the substance of it and I am not saying that he would necessarily understand all its implications—[Interruption]. Many hon. Members—[Interruption].
    Sir P. FORD: Is the right hon. Gentleman entitled to use insulting language to Members on this side?
    The DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN: I think the expression of the right hon. Gentleman is largely a matter of taste.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: I make no comment except to say that it is a personal question, and on that there may be differences of opinion. The Amendment is one designed to bring within the ambit
    1908
    of the Bill people who served in the Forces of the Crown in the wars prior to the late War. I cannot discuss it now, but I am justified in going forward with the Amendment. It represents an addition to the benefits of the Bill, and it will bring more people within the Bill. This Motion is postponing not merely the completion of the Bill, but also the coming into the Bill of this new class of people whom hon. Members opposite desire to be brought into it. There is no case whatever for the Committee reporting Progress. I hope it will continue to sit.
    Sir WILLIAM MITCHELL-THOMSON: I am a very old Member of this House, and I have heard many Motions for reporting Progress, but I do not think I have ever heard a motion for reporting Progress so strongly justified as this has been by the speech of the Minister of Health. I am not going to say anything recriminatory at all. I am appealing to the right hon. Gentleman and to the good sense of the Committee. We have reached a point at which the right hon. Gentleman tells us that, through no fault of his own, but owing to a pure accident, an Amendment, which is undoubtedly extremely important, has not appeared upon the Paper. The right hon. Gentleman was good enough to supply us with a copy. On looking at that copy I find that, recently as the drafting of that Amendment has evidently been completed, actually the manuscript copy has no less than three amendments made in ink. We have not had time to apply our minds very much to the language of the Amendment. It is an exceedingly difficult thing to do in the absence of time and opportunity for reference, but we have already discovered two or three points in which it is deficient and on which we propose to bring two or three Amendments.
    Meantime, it is extraordinarily difficult that we should be moving Amendments to an Amendment which is not on the Paper. Let the Committee proceed to discuss the Amendment the right hon. Gentleman is moving first with regard to Sub-section (1, a iii). Then let us report Progress and start afresh thereafter, with the other Amendment on the Paper. I do appeal to hon. Members opposite to agree that at this early hour of the morning that is a much more reasonable

    1909
    course than indulging in the course of moving an Amendment which is unknown to a large part of this Committee.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: I cannot possibly accept the Motion to report Progress at this stage. We have made no progress. I am prepared to move the Amendment which is on the Order Paper and not to move the further Amendment but to put it down for the Report stage so that Members may have time to put down Amendments to it. If that offer is not accepted, then clearly I shall have to do my best to get this matter decided.
    Sir W. MITCHELL-THOMSON: I would suggest that if the right hon. Gentleman takes that course, he will have to re-commit the Bill, because I do not think the Amendment could be moved on the Report stage.
    Mr. MILLS: The hon. Member for Hampstead (Mr. Balfour) and the right hon. Gentleman who has just finished, have wept crocodile tears. They say that the Amendment is without precedent. I remember, and the right hon. Gentleman remembers also, the occasion in 1921 when a handful of us kept the House here from a quarter to three one day until ten minutes past one next day, during which time the then Minister of War was moving manuscript Amendments which he could not explain without the help of the gentleman who is now Lord Carson. The hon. Member for Silverstown (Mr. J. Jones) caused diversion that evening. That night there was one continual series of manuscript Amendments. They characterised the whole sitting. I have no doubt five minutes in the library would provide numberless precedents.
    Major DAVIES: I think a great many Members on the other side of the House do not appreciate the true proportion of this matter. Whatever may be the occasional departures from the proper Rules of Procedure, this is supposed to be a debating assembly, and, in order to carry on discussion properly, it is right for Members of this House to have before them, except in cases of special emergency or when the matter is trivial, that which is being discussed. This Motion is not trivial or obstructive. Hon. Members opposite are obviously party men supporting a Government whose object is to get along with this
    1910
    legislation. At the same time they are Members of the House of Commons whose first duty it is to consider a Debate and to know what is being proposed, and every matter which comes before it. This is a matter which has not come before us. Now some Members see it, and now others do not. Now some Members understand it and now others do not. Members opposite are overcome with hilarity and amusement at the situation so that they cannot realise that here is a vital matter at stake which reflects upon the dignity of this assembly in the eyes of the nation. There are a great many of us, not only on this side, who are vitally interested in those portions of the Bill affecting the widows of men who have served their country. [Interruption.] This is no joke; this is a serious affair. Here is an Amendment with very far-reaching effects with regard to the pensions of the widows of those who have served their country well. Yet we do not know, in the first place, the terms of that Amendment. It is all very well for the right hon. Gentleman to get up and read it once or twice at that Box and to pass over one typewritten copy, but that is merely a stultification of Debate. No Debate can be conducted on those lines.
    I challenge anyone to say that he knows what the wording of the Amendment is, what its implications are, and what are the exceptions which it makes to the Bill now before us. The right hon. Gentleman says that this Amendment is one which he has brought forward to meet certain views which have been put from this side of the House. We give him full credit for that, but, even though that be so, we do not know what steps he has taken to meet our views or what the wording of his Amendment is, and we have had not an opportunity of bringing forward Amendments of substance, which he might quite possibly accept if brought forward in due form, to his proposed Amendment. Under those conditions, if we go ahead on the basis which the right hon. Gentleman wishes, we are taking a quite unprecedented step. It is all very well for the hon. Member for Dartford (Mr. Mills) to say that he remembers something similar in 1921. I was not there at the time, but I was able to study what happened and study it in writing in a form available to every Member of the House and not merely

    1911
    passed across the Floor of the House. The matters then discussed were easily understood, but this is a complicated matter.
    This is an effort by the Minister to try and meet certain points of view which have impressed him when fairly put forward. We admit his good faith, but we have a right to say that this Amendment should be available to us for full consideration. There are two or three points on which I would like to move Amendments to his proposal, but I am not prepared to scribble my Amendments down on the back of an envelope and hand them over to be read by the clerks at the Table. That is how we are handicapped. It is under these conditions that we are to debate an Amendment of which we do not only not know the terms, but which we are informed has rendered nugatory a large number of our Amendments. That is not the right way to do
    business. I suggest, therefore, that the righ hon. Gentleman should meet us and give us an opportunity of seeing his Amendment in print. It is, of course, not his fault that it is not on the Order Paper, but that does not alter the situation with which the Committee is faced. It is no use trying to railroad Amendments through Committee in this fashion. The Amendment should be on the Paper so that every Member may consider it, its implications, and its meaning, and decide what, if any, Amendments to it are needed. For those reasons, I support the Motion.
    Mr. Greenwood rose in his place, and claimed to move, "That the Question be now put."
    Question put, "That the Question be now put."
    The Committee divided: Ayes, 247; Noes, 90.

    Division No. 24.]

    AYES.

    [1.25 a.m.

    Adamson, Rt. Hon. W. (Fife, West)

    Denman, Hon. R. D.

    Jenkins, W. (Glamorgan, Neath)

    Adamson, W. M. (Staff., Cannock)

    Dickson, T.

    John, William (Rhondda, West)

    Addison, Rt. Hon. Dr. Christopher

    Dudgeon, Major C. R.

    Johnston, Thomas

    Alexander, Rt. Hon. A. V. (Hillsbro')

    Dukes, C.

    Jones, F. Llewellyn- (Flint)

    Alpass, J. H.

    Ede, James Chuter

    Jones, J. J. (West Ham, Silvertown)

    Ammon, Charles George

    Edge, Sir William

    Jones, Morgan (Caerphilly)

    Arnott, John

    Edmunds, J. E.

    Jones, T. I. Mardy (Pontypridd)

    Aske, Sir Robert

    Edwards, E. (Morpeth)

    Jowett, Rt. Hon. F. W.

    Ayles, Walter

    Elmley, Viscount

    Jowitt, Rt. Hon. Sir W. A.

    Baker, John (Wolverhampton, Bilston)

    Foot, Isaac

    Kedward, R. M. (Kent, Ashford)

    Baldwin, Oliver (Dudley)

    Freeman, Peter

    Kelly, W. T.

    Barnes, Alfred John

    Gardner, B. W. (West Ham, Upton)

    Kennedy, Thomas

    Barr, James

    George, Major G. Lloyd (Pembroke)

    Kinley, J.

    Batey, Joseph

    Gibbins, Joseph

    Lambert, Rt. Hon. George (S. Molton)

    Bellamy, Albert

    Gill, T. H.

    Lang, Gordon

    Benn, Rt. Hon. Wedgwood

    Glassey, A. E.

    Lansbury, Rt. Hon. George

    Bennett, Captain E. N. (Cardiff, Central)

    Gossling, A. G.

    Lathan, G.

    Bennett, William (Battersea, South)

    Gould, F.

    Law, Albert (Bolton)

    Benson, G.

    Graham, D. M. (Lanark, Hamilton)

    Law, A. (Rosendale)

    Bentham, Dr. Ethel

    Gray, Milner

    Lawrence, Susan

    Bevan, Aneurin (Ebbw Vale)

    Greenwood, Rt. Hon. A. (Coine)

    Lawrie, Hugh Hartley (Stalybridge)

    Birkett, W. Norman

    Grenfell, D. R. (Glamorgan)

    Lawson, John James

    Blindell, James

    Griffith, F. Kingsley (Middlesbro' W.)

    Lawther, W. (Barnard Castle)

    Bowen, J. w.

    Griffiths, T. (Monmouth, Pontypool)

    Leach, W.

    Broad, Francis Alfred

    Grundy, Thomas W.

    Lee, Frank (Derby, N. E.)

    Brockway, A. Fenner

    Hall, F. (York, W.R., Normanton)

    Lee, Jennie (Lanark, Northern)

    Bromfield, William

    Hall, G. H. (Merthyr Tydvil)

    Lewis, T. (Southampton)

    Brothers, M.

    Hall, Capt. W. P. (Portsmouth, C.)

    Lindley, Fred W.

    Brown, C. W. E. (Notts, Mansfield)

    Hamilton, Mary Agnes (Blackburn)

    Lloyd, C. Ellis

    Brown, Ernest (Leith)

    Hardie, George D.

    Longbottom, A. W.

    Brown, James (Ayr and Bute)

    Hartshorn, Rt. Hon. Vernon

    Longden, F.

    Buchanan, G.

    Haycock, A. W.

    Lunn, William

    Burgess, F. G.

    Hayday, Arthur

    Macdonald, Gordon (Ince)

    Burgin, Dr. E. L.

    Hayes, John Henry

    McElwee, A.

    Calne, Derwent Hall

    Henderson, Arthur, Junr. (Cardiff, S.)

    McEntee, V. L.

    Cameron, A. G.

    Henderson, Thomas (Glasgow)

    Mackinder, W.

    Cape, Thomas

    Henderson, W. W. (Middx., Enfield)

    McKinlay, A.

    Carter, W. (St. Pancras, S.W)

    Herriotts, J.

    MacLaren, Andrew

    Charleton, H. C.

    Hirst, G. H. (York W. R. Wentworth)

    McShane, John James

    Chater, Daniel

    Hirst, W. (Bradford, South)

    Malone, C. L'Estrange (N'thampton)

    Church, Major A. G.

    Hoffman, P. C.

    Mansfield, W.

    Cluse, W. S.

    Hollins, A.

    Marley, J.

    Cocks, Frederick Seymour

    Hopkin, Daniel

    Mathers, George

    Compton, Joseph

    Hore-Belisha, Leslie

    Matters, L. W.

    Daggar, George

    Horrabin, J. F.

    Melville, Sir James

    Dallas, George

    Hudson, James H. (Huddersfield)

    Messer, Fred

    Dalton, Hugh

    Hunter, Dr. Joseph

    Middleton, G.

    Davies, E. C. (Montgomery)

    Isaacs, George

    Millar, J. D.

    Mills, J. E.

    Salter, Dr. Alfred

    Thorne, W. (West Ham, Plaistow)

    Milner, J.

    Samuel, H. W. (Swansea, West)

    Thurtle, Ernest

    Montague, Frederick

    Sanders, W. S.

    Tinker, John Joseph

    Morgan, Dr. H. B.

    Sandham, E.

    Toole, Joseph

    Morley, Ralph

    Sawyer, G. F.

    Tout, W. J.

    Morrison, Herbert (Hackney, South)

    Scott, James

    Townend, A. E.

    Mort, D. L.

    Scurr, John

    Turner, B.

    Moses, J. J. H.

    Shakespeare, Geoffrey H.

    Vaughan, D. J.

    Mosley, Lady C. (Stoke-on-Trent)

    Shaw, Rt. Hon. Thomas (Preston)

    Walker, J.

    Mosley, Sir Oswald (Smethwick)

    Shepherd, Arthur Lewis

    Wallace, H. W.

    Muff, G.

    Sherwood, G. H.

    Wallhead, Richard C.

    Murnin, Hugh

    Shield, George William

    Watkins, F. C.

    Nathan, Major H. L.

    Shiels, Dr. Drummond.

    Watson, W. M. (Dunfermline)

    Newman, Sir R. H. S. D. L. (Exeter)

    Shillaker, J. F.

    Watts-Morgan, Lt.-Col. D. (Rhondda)

    Oldfield, J. R.

    Shinwell, E.

    Wellock, Wilfred

    Oliver, George Harold (Ilkeston)

    Short, Alfred (Wednesbury)

    Welsh, James (Paisley)

    Oliver, P. M. (Man., Blackley)

    Simmons, C. J.

    Welsh, James C. (Coatbridge)

    Owen, Major G. (Carnarvon)

    Sinkinson, George

    West, F. R.

    Owen, H. F. (Hereford)

    Sitch, Charles H.

    Westwood, Joseph

    Paling, Wilfrid

    Smith, Alfred (Sunderland)

    Whiteley, Wilfrid (Birm., Ladywood)

    Palmer, E. T.

    Smith, Ben (Bermondsey, Rotherhithe)

    Whiteley, William (Blaydon)

    Perry, S. F.

    Smith, Frank (Nuneaton)

    Wilkinson, Ellen C.

    Peters, Dr. Sidney John

    Smith, Rennie (Penistone)

    Williams, David (Swansea, East)

    Pethick-Lawrence, F. W.

    Smith, Tom (Pontefract)

    Williams, Dr. J. H. (Llanelly)

    Phillips, Dr. Marion

    Smith, W. R. (Norwich)

    Williams, T. (York, Don Valley)

    Potts, John S.

    Snowden, Thomas (Accrington)

    Wilson, C. H. (Sheffield, Attercliffe)

    Price, M. P.

    Sorensen, R.

    Wilson, J. (Oldham)

    Pybus, Percy John

    Spero, Dr. G. E.

    Wilson, R. J. (Jarrow)

    Quibell, D. J. K.

    Stamford, Thomas W.

    Winterton, G. E. (Leicester, Loughb'gh)

    Ramsay, T. B. Wilson

    Stephen, Campbell

    Wise, E. F.

    Richards, R.

    Strachey, E. J. St. Loe

    Young, R. S. (Islington, North)

    Richardson, R. (Houghton-le-Spring)

    Strauss, G. R.

    Riley, F. F. (Stockton-on-Tees)

    Sullivan, J.

    TELLERS FOR THE AYES.—

    Romeril, H. G.

    Sutton, J. E.

    Mr. Parkinson and Mr. Charles Edwards.

    Rosbotham, D. S. T.

    Taylor, R. A. (Lincoln)

    Rowson, Guy

    Taylor, W. B. (Norfolk, S.W.)

    NOES.

    Acland-Troyte, Lieut.-Colonel

    Ganzoni, Sir John

    Russell, Alexander West (Tynemouth)

    Albery, Irving James

    Gilmour, Lt.-Col. Rt. Hon. Sir John

    Salmon, Major I.

    Allen, W. E. D. (Belfast, W.)

    Grace, John

    Samuel, Samuel (W'dsworth, Putney)

    Astor, Viscountess

    Graham, Fergus (Cumberland, N.)

    Sandeman, Sir N. Stewart

    Balfour, George (Hampstead)

    Greene, W. P. Crawford

    Savery, S. S.

    Balniel, Lord

    Gunston, Captain D. W.

    Skelton, A. N.

    Beamish, Rear-Admiral T. P. H.

    Hacking, Rt. Hon. Douglas H.

    Smith, Louis W. (Sheffield, Hallam)

    Beaumont, M. W.

    Hannon, Patrick Joseph Henry

    Smith-Carington, Neville W.

    Bourne, Captain Robert Croft

    Harvey, Major S. E. (Devon, Totnes)

    Smithers, Waldron

    Bowyer, Captain Sir George E. W.

    Henderson, Capt. R. R. (Oxf'd, Henley)

    Somerset, Thomas

    Bracken, B.

    Heneage, Lieut.-Colonel Arthur P.

    Somerville, D. G. (Willesden, East)

    Butler, R. A.

    Hennessy, Major Sir G. R. J.

    Southby, Commander A. R. J.

    Castle Stewart, Earl of

    Howard-Bury, Colonel C. K.

    Spender-Clay, Colonel H.

    Chamberlain, Rt. Hon. N. (Edgbaston)

    Hudson, Capt. A. U. M. (Hackney, N.)

    Stanley, Lord (Fylde)

    Colfox, Major William Philip

    Lamb, Sir J. Q.

    Stanley, Maj. Hon. O. (W'morland)

    Colville, Major D. J.

    Long, Major Eric

    Stuart, J. C. (Moray and Nairn)

    Cranbourne, Viscount

    Lymington, Viscount

    Thomas, Major L. B. (King's Norton)

    Crookshank, Cpt. H. (Lindsey, Gainsbro)

    MacRobert, Rt. Hon. Alexander M.

    Titchfield, Major the Marquess of

    Cunliffe-Lister, Rt. Hon. Sir Philip

    Mason, Colonel Glyn K.

    Todd, Capt. A. J.

    Cuiverwell, C. T. (Bristol, West)

    Mitchell-Thomson, Rt. Hon. Sir W.

    Tryon, Rt. Hon. George Clement

    Davies, Dr. Vernon

    Monsell, Eyres, Com. Rt. Hon. Sir B.

    Ward, Lt.-Col. A. L. (Kingston-on-Hull)

    Davies, Maj. Geo. F. (Somerset, Yeovil)

    Morrison, W. S. (Glos., Cirencester)

    Wardlaw-Milne, J. S.

    Duckworth, G. A. V.

    Morrison-Bell, Sir Arthur Clive

    Warrender, Sir Victor

    Dugdale, Capt. T. L.

    Muirhead, A. J.

    Waterhouse, Captain Charles

    Edmondson, Major A. J.

    Penny, Sir George

    Wells, Sydney R.

    Elliot, Major Walter E.

    Peto, Sir Basil E. (Devon, Barnstaple)

    Wolmer, Rt. Hon. Viscount

    Everard, W. Lindsay

    Ramsbotham, H.

    Womersley, W. J.

    Falle, Sir Bertram G.

    Remer, John R.

    Wood, Rt. Hon. Sir Kingsley

    Fermoy, Lord

    Roberts, Sir Samuel (Ecclesall)

    Fison, F. G. Clavering

    Rodd, Rt. Hon. Sir James Rennell

    TELLERS FOR THE NOES.—

    Ford, Sir P. J.

    Ross, Major Ronald D.

    Sir Frederick Thomson and Captain Margesson.

    Question put accordingly, "That the Chairman do report Progress and ask leave to sit again."
    The Committee divided, Ayes, 92; Noes 245.

    Division No. 25.]

    AYES.

    [1.35 a.m.

    Acland-Troyte, Lieut.-Colonel

    Balniel, Lord

    Bracken, B.

    Albery, Irving James

    Beamish, Rear-Admiral T. P. H.

    Butler, R. A.

    Allen, W. E. D. (Belfast, W.)

    Beaumont, M. W.

    Castle Stewart, Earl of

    Astor, Viscountess

    Bourne, Captain Robert Croft

    Chamberlain, Rt. Hon. N. (Edgbaston)

    Balfour, George (Hampstead)

    Bowyer, Captain Sir George E. W.

    Colfox, Major William Philip

    Colville, Major D. J.

    Heneage, Lieut.-Colonel Arthur P.

    Smith, Louis W. (Sheffield, Hallam)

    Cranbourne, Viscount

    Hennessy, Major Sir G. R. J.

    Smith-Carington, Neville W.

    Crookshank, Cpt. H. (Lindsey, Gainsbro)

    Howard-Bury, Colonel C. K.

    Smithers, Waldron

    Cuiverwell, C. T. (Bristol, West)

    Hudson, Capt. A. U. M. (Hackney, N.)

    Somerset, Thomas

    Cunliffe-Lister, Rt. Hon. Sir Philip

    Lamb, Sir J. Q.

    Somerviile, D. G. (Willesden, East)

    Davies, Dr. Vernon

    Long, Major Eric

    Southby, Commander A. R. J.

    Davies, Maj. Geo. F. (Somerset,Yeovil)

    Lymington, Viscount

    Spender-Clay, Colonel H.

    Duckworth, G. A. V.

    MacRobert, Rt. Hon. Alexander M.

    Stanley, Lord (Fylde)

    Dugdale, Capt. T. L.

    Mason, Colonel Glyn K.

    Stanley, Maj. Hon. O. (W'morland)

    Edmondson, Major A. J.

    Mitchell-Thomson, Rt. Hon. Sir W.

    Stuart, J. C. (Moray and Nairn)

    Elliot, Major Walter E.

    Monsell, Eyres, Com. Rt. Hon. Sir B.

    Thomas, Major L. B. (King's Norton)

    Everard, W. Lindsay

    Morrison, W. S. (Glos., Cirencester)

    Thomson, Sir F.

    Falle, Sir Bertram G.

    Morrison-Bell, Sir Arthur Clive

    Titchfield, Major the Marquess of

    Fermoy, Lord

    Muirhead, A. J.

    Todd, Capt. A. J.

    Fison, F. G. Clavering

    Newman, Sir R. H. S. D. L. (Exeter)

    Tryon, Rt. Hon. George Clement

    Ford, Sir P. J.

    Peto, Sir Basil E. (Devon, Barnstaple)

    Ward, Lt.-Col. A. L. (Kingston-on-Hull)

    Fremantle, Lieut.-Colonel Francis E.

    Ramsbotham, H.

    Wardlaw-Milne, J. S.

    Ganzoni, Sir John

    Remer, John R.

    Warrender, Sir Victor

    Gilmour, Lt.-Col. Rt. Hon. Sir John

    Roberts, Sir Samuel (Ecclesall)

    Waterhouse, Captain Charles

    Grace, John

    Rodd, Rt. Hon. Sir James Rennell

    Wells, Sydney R.

    Graham, Fergus (Cumberland, N.)

    Ross, Major Ronald D.

    Wolmer, Rt. Hon. Viscount

    Greene, W. P. Crawford

    Russell, Alexander West (Tynemouth)

    Womersley, W. J.

    Gunston, Captain D. W.

    Salmon, Major I.

    Wood, Rt. Hon. Sir Kingsley

    Hacking, Rt. Hon. Douglas H.

    Samuel, Samuel (W'dsworth, Putney)

    Hannon, Patrick Joseph Henry

    Sandeman, Sir N. Stewart

    TELLERS FOR THE AYES.—

    Harvey, Major S. E. (Devon, Totnes)

    Savery, S. S.

    Sir George Penny and Captain Margesson.

    Henderson, Capt. R. R. (Oxt'd, Henley)

    Skelton, A. N.

    NOES.

    Adamson, Rt. Hon. W. (Fife, West)

    Edwards, E. (Morpeth)

    Lang, Gordon

    Adamson, W. M. (Staff., Cannock)

    Elmley, Viscount

    Lansbury, Rt. Hon. George

    Addison, Rt. Hon. Dr. Christopher

    Foot, Isaac

    Lathan, G.

    Alexander, Rt. Hon. A. V. (Hillsbro')

    Freeman, peter

    Law, Albert (Bolton)

    Alpass, J. H.

    Gardner, B. W. (West Ham, Upton)

    Law, A. (Rosendale)

    Ammon, Charles George

    George, Major G. Lloyd (Pembroke)

    Lawrence, Susan

    Arnott, John

    Gibbins, Joseph

    Lawrie, Hugh Hartley (Stalybridge)

    Aske, Sir Robert

    Gill, T. H.

    Lawson, John James

    Ayles, Walter

    Glassey, A. E.

    Lawther, W. (Barnard Castle)

    Baker, John (Wolverhampton, Bilston)

    Gossling, A. G.

    Leach, W.

    Baldwin, Oliver (Dudley)

    Gould, F.

    Lee, Frank (Derby, N.E.)

    Barnes, Alfred John

    Graham, D. M. (Lanark, Hamilton)

    Lee, Jennie (Lanark, Northern)

    Barr, James

    Gray, Milner

    Lewis, T. (Southampton)

    Batey, Joseph

    Greenwood, Rt. Hon. A. (Colne).

    Lindley, Fred W.

    Bellamy, Albert

    Grenfell, D. R. (Glamorgan)

    Lloyd, C. Ellis

    Benn, Rt. Hon. Wedgwood

    Griffith, F. Kingsley (Middlesbro' W.)

    Longbottom, A. W.

    Bennett, Captain E.N. (Cardiff, Central)

    Griffiths, T. (Monmouth, Pontypool)

    Longden, F.

    Bennett, William (Battersea, South)

    Grundy, Thomas W.

    Lunn, William

    Benson, G.

    Hall, F. (York, W.R., Normanton)

    Macdonald, Gordon (Ince)

    Bentham, Dr. Ethel

    Hall, G. H. (Merthyr Tydvil)

    McElwee, A.

    Bevan, Aneurln (Ebbw Vale)

    Hall. Capt. W. P. (Portsmouth, C.)

    McEntee, V. L.

    Birkett, W. Norman

    Hamilton, Mary Agnes (Blackburn)

    Mackinder, W.

    Blindell, James

    Hardie, George D.

    McKinlay, A.

    Bowen, J. W.

    Hartshorn, Rt. Hon. Vernon

    MacLaren, Andrew

    Broad, Francis Alfred

    Haycock, A. W.

    McShane, John James

    Brockway, A. Fenner

    Hayday, Arthur

    Malone, C. L'Estrange (N'thampton)

    Bromfield, William

    Hayes, John Henry

    Mansfield, W.

    Brothers, M.

    Henderson, Arthur, Junr. (Cardiff, S.)

    Marley, J.

    Brown, C. W. E. (Notts, Mansfield)

    Henderson, Thomas (Glasgow)

    Mathers, George

    Brown, Ernest (Leith)

    Henderson, W. W. (Middx., Enfield)

    Matters, L. W.

    Brown, James (Ayr and Bute)

    Herriotts, J.

    Melville, Sir James

    Buchanan, G.

    Hirst, G. H. (York W. R. Wentworth)

    Messer, Fred

    Burgess, F. G.

    Hirst, W. (Bradford, South)

    Middleton, G.

    Burgin, Dr. E. L.

    Hoffman, P. C.

    Millar, J. D.

    Caine, Demerit Hall

    Hollins, A.

    Mills, J. E.

    Cameron, A. G.

    Hopkin, Daniel

    Milner, J.

    Cape, Thomas

    Hore-Belisha, Leslie

    Montague, Frederick

    Carter, W. (St. Pancras, S.W.)

    Horrabin, J. F.

    Morgan, Dr. H. B.

    Charleton, H. C.

    Hudson, James H. (Huddersfield)

    Morley, Ralph

    Chater, Daniel

    Hunter, Dr. Joseph

    Morrison, Herbert (Hackney, South)

    Church, Major A. G.

    Isaacs, George

    Mort, D. L.

    Cluse, W. S.

    Jenkins, W. (Glamorgan, Neath)

    Moses, J. J. H.

    Cocks, Frederick Seymour

    John, William (Rhondda, West)

    Mosley, Lady C. (Stoke-on-Trent)

    Compton, Joseph

    Johnston, Thomas

    Mosley, Sir Oswald (Smethwick)

    Daggar, George

    Jones, F. Llewellyn- (Flint)

    Muff, G.

    Dallas, George

    Jones, J. J. (West Ham, Silvertown)

    Murnin, Hugh

    Dalton, Hugh

    Jones, Morgan (Caerphilly)

    Nathan, Major H. L.

    Davies, E. C. (Montgomery)

    Jones, T. I. Mardy (Pontypridd)

    Oldfield, J. R.

    Denman, Hon. R. D.

    Jowett, Rt. Hon. F. W.

    Oliver, George Harold (Ilkeston)

    Dickson, T.

    Jowitt, Rt. Hon. Sir W. A.

    Oliver, P. M. (Man., Blackley)

    Dudgeon, Major C. R.

    Kedward, R. M. (Kent, Ashford)

    Owen, Major G. (Carnarvon)

    Dukes, C.

    Kelly, W. T.

    Owen, H. F. (Hereford)

    Ede, James Chuter

    Kennedy, Thomas

    Paling, Wilfrid

    Edge, Sir William

    Kinley, J.

    Palmer, E. T.

    Edmondson, Major A. J.

    Lambert, Rt. Hon. George (S. Molton)

    Perry, S. F.

    1916

    1917

    Peters, Dr. Sidney John

    Shinwell, E.

    Vaughan, D. J.

    Pethick-Lawrence, F. W.

    Short, Alfred (Wednesbury)

    Walker, J.

    Phillips, Dr. Marion

    Simmons, C. J.

    Wallace, H. W.

    Potts, John S.

    Sinkinson, George

    Wallhead, Richard C.

    Price, M. P.

    Sitch, Charles H.

    Watkins, F. C.

    Pybus, Percy John

    Smith, Alfred (Sunderland)

    Watson, W. M. (Dunfermline)

    Quibell, D. J. K.

    Smith, Ben (Bermondsey, Rotherhithe)

    Watts-Morgan, Lt.-Col. D. (Rhondda)

    Ramsay, T. B. Wilson

    Smith, Frank (Nuneaton)

    Wellock, Wilfred

    Richards, R.

    Smith, Rennie (Penistone)

    Welsh, James (Paisley)

    Richardson, R. (Houghton-le-Spring)

    Smith, Tom (Pontefract)

    Welsh, James C. (Coatbridge)

    Riley, F. F. (Stockton-on-Tees)

    Smith, W. R. (Norwich)

    West, F. R.

    Romeril, H. G.

    Snowden, Thomas (Accrington)

    Westwood, Joseph

    Rosbotham, D. S. T.

    Sorensen, R.

    Whiteley, Wilfrid (Birm., Ladywood)

    Rowson, Guy

    Spero, Dr. G. E.

    Whiteley, William (Blaydon)

    Salter, Dr. Alfred

    Stamford, Thomas W.

    Wilkinson, Ellen C.

    Samuel, H. W. (Swansea, West)

    Stephen, Campbell

    Williams, David (Swansea, East)

    Sanders, W. S.

    Strachey, E. J. St. Loe

    Williams, Dr. J. H. (Llanelly)

    Sandham, E.

    Strauss, G. R.

    Williams, T. (York, Don Valley)

    Sawyer, G. F.

    Sullivan, J.

    Wilson, C. H. (Sheffield, Attercliffe)

    Scott, James

    Sutton, J. E.

    Wilson, J. (Oldham)

    Scurr, John

    Taylor, R. A. (Lincoln)

    Wilson, R. J. (Jarrow)

    Shakespeare, Geoffrey H.

    Taylor, W. B. (Norfolk, S.W.)

    Winterton, G. E. (Leicester, Loughb'gh)

    Shaw, Rt. Hon. Thomas (Preston)

    Thorne, W. (West Ham, Plaistow)

    Wise, E. F.

    Shepherd, Arthur Lewis

    Thurtle, Ernest

    Young, R. S. (Islington, North)

    Sherwood, G. H.

    Tinker, John Joseph

    Shield, George William

    Toole, Joseph

    TELLERS FOR THE NOES.—

    Shiels, Dr. Drummond

    Tout, W. J.

    Mr. Parkinson and Mr. Charles Edwards.

    Shillaker, J. F.

    Townend, A. E.

    Question again proposed, "That those words be there inserted."
    Mr. REMER: On a point of Order. May I point out that, although the Amendment in question has been supplied to the Front Benches, many of us on the back benches have not got it? We have several Amendments which we desire to place before you.
    The DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN: The Amendment to which the hon. Member is making reference is not before the Committee.
    Mr. REMER: On a point of Order. I was asking for your protection in the Chair. Is it possible that we could have, through the courtesy of the Minister, the Amendment provided to us so that we could consider it on the back benches as well as on the Front Benches? May I ask for your protection, Sir?
    The DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN: I quite admit that it is always to the convenience of the Committee that the Amendments should be in the hands of hon. Members. That is not a matter for the Chair. [Interruption.] I have already stated in reply to the point raised. It does not lie within my province to remedy the hon. Member's difficulty. I simply express an opinion that it desirable to do so.
    Mr. REMER: On a point of Order. May I suggest to you, Sir, that an ordinary Roneo machine would provide all the Members of the Committee with copies of the Amendment?
    The DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN: The Amendment before the Committee is that moved by the Minister of Health.
    Mr. HORE-BELISHA: I feel great difficulty, and I am sure the Committee will also feel it, with regard to this Amendment. The position, at the present moment, is that the widow of a man who falls within one of the categories mentioned in the first Clause can get a pension at the age of 55. The categories are, firstly, a man who was at some time within three years before his death registered as a member of an approved society or as a deposit contributor; and, secondly, a man whose normal occupation was, at some time within the said period, employment in respect of which contributions under the principal Act would have been payable if that Act had been in force at that time. To those two categories the Minister now desires to add a third—the man who during the late War served in the naval, military or air forces of the Crown, or as a master or seaman, for a period of not less than two years and was entitled to be insured whilst so serving, and died within three years of the termination of that period. This person, whose position is now at stake in the Amendment of the Minister, must have been not less than two years in the forces during the late War. Supposing that the Minister did not move his Amendment, my submission to the Committee is that a man would have been in, if he had not done less than two years' service, because the moment he joined the forces, under the National

    1919
    Health Insurance Act, he became a member of the Navy, Army and Air Force Insurance Fund and entitled on exactly the same basis as every other contributor to a pension under this Act. The Minister now restricts that and says, "You shall not have this pension unless you were the widow of a man who was two years in one of the armed forces of the Crown during the War." Far from extending the provision of this Act, as the right hon. Gentleman doubtless intended to do, in my judgment and subject to correction, the Amendment very severely restricts the benefits of this Act. There is another restriction imposed—that the man must have died within three months of the termination of the period. That cannot be represented as an extension, because that three years' period would have applied in one of those other sections under which, I suggest, he would have come in.
    Therefore, I think we are entitled to have a fuller explanation from the Minister as to the meaning of this Clause. I quite admit that, as far as a master or seaman is concerned, this would appear to be an extension of the Act, and quite a different principle is at stake. If, as I hope, an Amendment is moved to bring in the Mercantile Marine on exactly the same basis as other sections of the community, that will be an entirely different question. I want to draw the attention of the Parliamentary Secretary, who has so ably conducted her part in this Debate, to one point. As she will remember, I moved an Amendment in Committee to insert in Sub-section (1) the words "Navy, Army and Air Force Insurance Fund." If that Amendment had been inserted, there would have been no question whatever but that every person who had served in the forces of the Crown, for however restricted a period, would have drawn benefit under this Act. The reply I received was that they would draw this benefit in any case, and if it was found that they did not, the position would be considered on the Report stage and adjusted. It was on that understanding that I withdrew the Amendment. Had I pressed it to a Division and had the Amendment been obtained the position would have been different. Under this Clause they would receive benefit if they had put in no less
    1920
    than two years in the service of the Crown, whereas under the Amendment they would have had pensions if they had served for any period, long or short.
    Sir BERTRAM FALLE: There is another point which touches the right hon. Gentleman's proposal. It is in connection with the phrase "during the late War." If a man served for not less than two years, are the Government going to take as the end of the War the Armistice or the official end of the War. It is a very serious matter in determining the length of the two years' service. If the Government intend to take the official end of the War it might affect a man's period of service.
    Major NATHAN: I should like further information as to the implications of this Amendment. As I understand it, the position is that there is a class of persons brought in by the Amendment who were in permanent service of the Crown and also those who were in the temporary service of the Crown for the period of the War. The Clause now moved by the Minister is comprehensive and includes all members who were permanently or temporarily employed. In the Act of 1925 it is provided that those widows who are in receipt of a service pension should be disqualified from receiving two pensions. I want to ask the Parliamentary Secretary whether, as I hope, the object of this Amendment is to give to the widows of those who served permanently in the War an additional pension under the Act or whether it is merely the choice of a pension under the Act or a service pension. As regards those who died after the end of the War and were on temporary service only, is it to be understood that they will be receiving a pension under this Act only?
    Major COLFOX: Might I ask what Amendment we are discussing? Is it the Amendment on page 75 or is it the manuscript Amendment which seems to have passed across the Table and of which we in the back benches know nothing?
    The CHAIRMAN: The Amendment before the Committee is that on page 75.
    Sir B. PETO: I did not hear the Amendment of the Minister put by the Chair.
    The CHAIRMAN: I am told by the Deputy-Chairman that the Amendment was put.
    Sir A. LAMBERT WARD: Before the hon. Lady replies I should like to put one point to her. Will she explain the words "was entitled to be insured ". I asked on the Second Reading. Were these words put in to exclude commissioned ranks or will they exclude people who joined up in the ranks and who prior to joining up were outside the ranks of insured persons. Or does it mean that everybody who joined up before the War became ipso facto insured. I do not know whether I have succeeded in making my point clear. Perhaps the hon. Lady will understand what I mean.
    Mr. WARDLAW-MILNE: I should also like to ask a question. I am quite sure it would be easier for the right hon. Lady to have all the questions put at once. There are two things I wish to ask about. If a person who died in the late War served in the "Navy, Army or Air Force," are we to take it that that does not cover anybody who served in the Mercantile Marine? The second point is: What is meant by "master or seaman"? Is that outside the Navy? What about other classes who do not come into the categories of master or seaman?
    Mr. SMITHERS: I will only detain the Committee for a moment, because my hon. Friend who has just spoken has raised a point which I generally raise when I have the opportunity. The words "master or seaman" are those to which I refer. I had an intimate connection with the Merchant Service during the War and saw the wonderful services they performed. I wish to know whether the words "master or seaman" include mates, engineers, officers and all other categories or whether they are only to apply to the Merchant Service as opposed to the other categories of the Naval, Military and Air Services. I would like to ask the Parliamentary Secretary if the points which I have tried to make are dealt with, and, if not, will she see that words are put in during the Report Stage to make these points clear?
    Mr. WOMERSLEY: I should like to know whether, in the definition of seaman, fishermen are included? If so it re-
    1922
    moves a great difficulty from my mind. The Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries knows this point. We have had great difficulty about the question of fishermen. I do not want to have any difficulty about it. I want the hon. Lady to tell me if she includes fishermen in this term?
    2.0 a.m.
    Miss LAWRENCE: Let me begin by saying that soldiers of the Regular Army are what we call peace time and war time soldiers. They are not included in this Amendment at all because such men are insured as members of the Army. Their war services would count as an insured period. These are regular soldiers who enlisted for a fixed period and took part maybe in the late War, and returned to their regiments as part of the establishment. These men are not touched at all. They are in an insurable occupation. What we refer to here is the large number of men who, as volunteers or conscripts, served for the duration of the War. These men were not registered as members of the Army and Navy Fund. A great number of them were not insured technically in the Army and Navy Fund. We are not concerned with the regular service, or as it is called the peace time service. These men were considered in the Act of 1925. All these men were deemed to be insured and contributions were deemed to have been paid for them while on service. If they died within three years of leaving the service their widows got pensions. What is the official end of the War? It is August, 1921. These men were demobilised as quickly as possible. I do not think that you will find that any of the duration class were in the Army at August, 1921. The end of the War is August, 1921.
    Mr. HORE-BELISHA: May I interrupt the hon. Lady? Will she tell me whether it is laid down in the Insurance Act that there is any distinction between the regulars and Kitchener's Army?
    Miss LAWRENCE: The point is this. The men who volunteered did not get the benefit. A great number did not get properly registered in the way the regular Army were registered.
    Mr. HORE-BELISHA: They came into the Fund?
    Miss LAWRENCE: Practically, they did not. They were never registered as

    1923
    being in employment at all. The final end of the war was August, 1921. It has hardly any bearing on the matter at all because these men were demobilised before. A question was raised about the Mercantile Marine. That is a phrase to bring in men of that class who fought during the War. Fishermen who fought in the great War come in under the definition of "masters and seamen."
    Major ROSS: Before the hon. Lady leaves that point, may I ask will that provision cover masters or seamen who served in Allied or neutral ships? I would like the hon. Lady to make that clear to the Committee.
    Miss LAWRENCE: The question has nothing to do with ships. It is masters or seamen who served during the late war.
    Major COLFOX: Does that mean served in any part of the globe?
    Miss LAWRENCE: When one says "the late war" one covers the civilised world. Anyone who fought at sea during the late war knows there were no geographical bounds. I must refer to the last Amendment to point out that there was a similar, though very much smaller, class of comparable persons during other wars who were not in the regular forces. A manuscript Amendment was put in—
    Lieut.-Colonel HENEAGE: Several Members on this side have been ruled out of order for mentioning that Amendment.
    THE CHAIRMAN: I do not know what manuscript Amendment is referred to.
    Miss LAWRENCE: I will leave that point. In this matter we are doing a good turn to the men who served in the late War, and we are doing it very much on the lines of Section 44, sub-section (5) of the Act of 1925.
    Sir W. MITCHELL-THOMSON: I thank the Parliamentary Secretary for the exceedingly clear explanation which she has given, and I only rise for the purpose of drawing her attention to one single phrase. I should like her to direct her attention to the phrase "master or seaman". She told the Committee that she was advised by her
    1924
    experts that it was the proper technical phrase to use to bring within the ambit of this Clause the whole of the mercantile marine. I have the gravest doubt as to whether the phrase "master or seaman" is apt for the purpose, and I will tell her why. If she will look at the Merchant Shipping Act of 189,4, which defines and consolidates the law in regard to merchant shipping, she will find that a definition is given—and, as far as I know, the governing definition—of the words "master and seaman". I will read it:
    "'Master' includes every person except the pilot having command or charge of any ship.
    "'Seaman' includes every person, except masters, pilots and apprentices duly indentured and registered, employed or engaged in any capacity on board any ship."
    If the Committee puts these definitions together it would appear prima facie from the Merchant Shipping Consolidating Act that the words "master" and "seaman" include every person with the specified exceptions of (a) pilots, and (b) apprentices duly indentured and registered; and that I believe to he the state of the law at the moment. I do not think that the words which have been put into the Amendment cover the purpose which it is desired to achieve, and I would ask the Parliamentary Secretary to give further consideration to the point.
    Miss LAWRENCE: I have not the Merchant Shipping Act here, but the words "master and seaman" are used in the National Health Insurance Act, 1924, Section 62. These are the words which are always used in Insurance Acts to cover these men, and I am advised that it is the correct description. If the right hon. Gentleman will look at the National Health Insurance Act, 1924, he will find that the section is headed "Mercantile Marine", and the words used in describing the persons are "master or seaman." If there should be any manner of error it will be set right on Report Stage. But I went into the matter in detail with the officials as to whether pilots were covered, and they assured me, and the Parliamentary draftsman assured me, that these were the right words. If it is the wrong phrase we can put it right later.
    Sir W. MITCHELL-THOMSON: I am much obliged to the hon. Lady; nobody

    1925
    could say fairer. I knew quite well that the words appeared in the Insurance Acts, but I am still of opinion that the words of the Merchant Shipping Act are the governing words, because it is the only Act in which there is a definition of "master" and "seaman." I, therefore, suggest that the matter should receive further consideration before the Report Stage.
    Major NATHAN: I should like to ask the Parliamentary Secretary a question which I put earlier. Shortly, it is this: What is the pension which this Amendment is designed to give, having regard to the provisions of Section 24 (1) of the Act of 1925?
    Sir B. PETO: I want to raise this point which arises out of what the right hon. Gentleman, the Member for South Croydon (Sir W. Mitchell-Thomson), has just pointed out to the Parliamentary Secretary. It may be quite true that the term "master and seaman" may have the comprehensive meaning given, but I would point out that in the particular Sub-section which this Amendment will constitute we are not dealing with the mercantile marine at all. We are dealing mainly with persons concerned in the late War, in the naval, military and air forces of the Crown. As worded, the Amendment is certainly not good English. The governing words are "served in the naval, military or air forces," and it goes on "or as." It ought to repeat the word "served." In my opinion, and I must adhere to it in spite of what the Parliamentary Secretary has said, after those words there ought to be added the words "master or seaman of the Mercantile Marine." That at once raises the further question of whether the provision covers the sea-fishing fleet and pilots. I suggest to the Parliamentary Secretary that it would very much shorten the proceedings if she adopted the words of the Amendment which I put on the Paper some days ago, and after the word "Crown," insert the words "or in the Mercantile Marine or in any sea-fishing vessel." I would wish also to add, as a manuscript Amendment, the words "or as a qualified pilot." I make no apology for handing in an Amendment at this time, because written Amendments are the fashion at the moment. If we put in
    1926
    these words there would be no question about who are included, and there is obviously a doubt as to whether these words, without any reference to the mercantile marine, cover other persons such as cooks on small vessels or coasting vessels, who might not be described as seamen, stewards and people of that sort. If the Government adopt the words "served in the Mercantile Marine and sea fishing vessels" they make it clear that the whole of those who served during the whole of the War in the sea fishing fleets and incurred equal dangers from mines and things of that kind would be included. I want particularly to add "or as qualified pilots." There is nothing in those words contrary to the purpose of the Minister in the Amendment which he has put upon the Paper. The words are certainly good English, which I claim the Amendment is not, and we would make an improvement in the drafting. We would include only those whom the hon. Lady has told the Committee she wishes to include and believes she has included. There is no harm in taking my words. I am not pressing an Amendment upon the Government which they do not want to insert, or asking them to put in some class of people whom the Government have excluded. In order to safeguard my suggested Amendment, I would ask you, Mr. Chairman, to put the present Amendment down to the word "Crown."
    The CHAIRMAN: I cannot have the hon. Gentleman telling me what I have to do.
    Sir B. PETO: I was not telling you, Sir. I was merely asking if you could see your way to take a certain course.
    Miss LAWRENCE: I desire to say that the words "master or seaman" are used in the National Health Insurance Act. They were also used in the Act of 1921. I said that if there was the slightest doubt the matter would he dealt with on the Report stage. In the face of the hon. Member's waste of the time of the Committee by suggesting a frivolous Amendment I would say that to-morrow morning the world will see—for the news will be reported in the papers,—the way in which the Opposition have blocked that Widows Pensions Bill. We spent yesterday and the previous day on Clause I. The world will see perfectly clearly how that Opposition are

    1927
    dealing with the Bill although they did not vote against the Second Reading.
    Mr. BALFOUR: On a point of Order, An Amendment is before the Committee and the Parliamentary Secretary is introducing into the discussion a long disquisition and instructing us. I wish to know, for the guidance of hon. Members opposite, whether that is in order?
    The CHAIRMAN: I am afraid that the objection of the hon. Gentleman could be applied to both sides, but I think it would be much better if the hon. Lady confined herself to the Amendment.
    Miss LAWRENCE: I was dealing with a highly frivolous speech, but I will, in deference to your ruling, Sir, not pursue the subject.
    Lieut.-Colonel HENEAGE: On a point of Order. It is mentioned in the Standing Orders that frivolous speeches are to be dealt with by the Chairman. Is it right that the hon. Lady should make a suggestion that an hon. Member has made a frivolous speech when you have not called that hon. Member to order? May I have an answer?
    Miss LAWRENCE: I think every hon. Member who has taken part in obstruction to-night—
    Sir K. WOOD: Surely, Mr. Young, you heard that phrase. I put it to you, Sir, that it is not an expression which can be permitted, even at this time in the morning.
    The CHAIRMAN: I am afraid that if I ruled the expression out of order I should do so very often. I have only to say that it would be far better if those addressing the Committee would keep more strictly to the Amendment.
    Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: I beg to move, as an Amendment to the proposed Amendment, in line 1, to leave out the words "during the late "War."
    I do not think observations of the character of those of the hon. Lady are calculated to shorten our proceedings. Anybody who was a member of the last House of Commons, and who recollects the proceedings which took place in our Debates during the passage of the Widows', Orphans' and Old Age Contri-
    1928
    butory Pensions Act, will certainly be of opinion that the hon. Lady is in too large a glass house to be throwing stones. I have not risen, however, for the purpose of delaying the proceedings but for the purpose of furthering the proceedings. It will be obvious to the Committee that in putting down this Amendment we are desirous of extracting information on this point because it is clear that we could not leave out the words "during the late War" and leave the Amendment as it would then stand. The idea in our minds is that, whatever the object of the proposed Amendment, it ought not to be confined to persons who served during the late War and that we ought to bring in persons who served in wars preceding the late War. So far as I have been able to understand the purpose of the Amendment our idea is one which has appealed to the Minister and he desires to meet the point contained in the Amendment which we put down. The point still remains doubtful in my mind whether the right hon. Gentleman's manuscript Amendment will carry out the purpose which we had in view. For instance, the words "as a master or seaman" appear in the Amendment on the Paper but I do not think that they occur in the manuscript Amendment. The question then arises whether a person who served as a master or seaman in a war other than the late War would be covered by the Government's Amendment. I said I only rose to further the proceedings and I have not said any more than is necessary to make clear to the Committee the meaning of my Amendment.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: I rise at once to explain this point. It is quite clear that to leave out these words would open the door much wider than the right hon. Gentleman intends. It would bring in anybody who had served since 1912, and that presumably is not what he intends. The purpose of the manuscript Amendment is to meet the case of people who served, but not as professional soldiers, and who served in wars earlier than the Great War. I think that point is covered. As to his point about "master or seaman," that is a matter of historical research. I was informed—I will look into the matter again—that there were no parallel cases to the late War where large numbers of masters and seamen were in one way or another pressed into

    1929
    service. If, on examination, it is shown that there were such cases, I will be glad to consider it and put down an amendment on the Report stage.
    Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: Would it not be better to put in the words? If there were no such persons no one will be injured, but if there were such persons who performed service comparable to that in the Great War, then such cases will not be overlooked, and these men will not be excluded.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: I do not think it can be dealt with so simply as that. If it is found that there are some who should be brought in, any Amendment would have to be safeguarded so as not to bring in all persons who were masters or seamen and were engaged in their normal duty of—shall we say—carrying food to South Africa during the South African War. We must not bring in sections other than those which the Committee wishes to bring in.
    Mr. WARDLAW-MILNE: The position is really a very peculiar one. The hon. Lady in that part of her reply which was most excellent and clear made one point clear. She said quite clearly that the object of this Amendment was not to include any man who would have received benefits by the fact that he was a regular soldier or sailor in the forces of the Crown. If these words are adopted, the result will be that there may be a difference between the benefits which a man's widow would receive under the ordinary pension rights of a member of the forces, and those she would receive under this Bill when it becomes an Act. That is a point which will have to be weighed very carefully. Although it is perfectly clear to us that the intention of the Government is to confine this Amendment to those who served during the War and were not regular soldiers and sailors, it does not exclude the fact that there is nothing in the wording of the Amendment to prevent the widow of a. regular soldier from claiming benefit under this Act. The position would be still more complicated if the proposal of my right hon. Friend were adopted. The Minister might reconsider this matter of "master or seamen" and see if he can get a form of words which will make perfectly clear what the Government mean, and what the Opposition
    1930
    want, and see that these men are not excluded. It might then be necessary to add "in the Mercantile Marine" or some words like that.
    Mr. REMER: On the observations by the right hon. Member and the hon. Lady about making some Amendments on the Report stage I should like to point out to the Committee that on the Report stage the Speaker has the power of selecting Amendments and it is very difficult to get small matters dealt with. Further it is practically certain that this Bill will be certified by Mr. Speaker as a Money Bill and therefore not one line or one comma will be altered in another place. To-night, therefore, is really our only opportunity of bringing forward cases in order to see that the right words are inserted. For these reasons I should like to support the proposal of my right hon. Friend the Member for Edgbaston (Mr. Chamberlain). If the Minister finds there is any objection to the words on the Report Stage he himself can move to have them eliminated. A Government Amendment would be accepted by Mr. Speaker. It is of vital importance that we should deal with these email points while we have the opportunity, and this is the only opportunity we shall get.
    Lieut.-Colonel HENEAGE: If the Committee keeps the words as they are at present the people affected will be of a varying class because the words "late War" have a very indefinite meaning. I raised the point earlier in the Debate and I think it is one of considerable substance. If you took these words to a court of law I think it would be very difficult to get a definition of what the war was. [Interruption.] I shall be glad to give way to any of the hon. Members opposite who have been so extraordinarily silent in the cause of widows' pensions. If they spoke up a bit more in favour of the widows of sailors and soldiers we might get something done. But we have had nothing but interruptions. I do not know who is going to respond to this proposal but if the Minister does so I would suggest that we should have from him some definite information as to the real meaning of the words the "late War." I am aware in the 1925 Act the words "late War" is inserted, but I suggest that it is time we had a proper definition which will safeguard the widows of the men who are affected.

    1931
    [Interruption.] Having regard to the ribald laughter from the other side I am not in the least surprised that their election pledges have been broken.
    Captain CROOKSHANK: I suggest that we ought to leave out these words because I do not think "the late War" is an adequate definition. I think we ought to insert the date when the War started. [Interruption.]
    The CHAIRMAN: I must ask hon. Members on the back benches not to interrupt.
    Captain CROOKSHANK: It would make the Sub-section much clearer if we had the date of the late War. The hon. Lady when she was replying said first of all that the official termination of the War was August, 1921. I should have thought it would have been much better if we had put in the date of the actual hostilities from 1914 to 1918. I do not think the Military Service Acts were in force for two years—
    Mr. BARR: Is it not true that the Military Service Acts were in operation early in 1916?
    Captain CROOKSHANK: I am not quite certain but when the hon. Lady said the conscripts were going to come in, I think she was under a misapprehension and that a great number of people for reasons of age or other reasons would be automatically excluded. We are here causing another great category of anomalies because the Sub-section says that not only must they have served two years—I do not know why it should be two years in regard to the late War—but they must also have died within three years of the termination of hostilities, assuming that the termination of that period means the termination of hostilities. Three years after the termination of hostilities would bring in 1919, 1920, and 1921—that is, the man whose widow is to get a pension must have died before November 1921. Why should there be that gap? The Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Health said that if a man had got this qualification owing to service and afterwards became a small shopkeeper his widow would get a pension. But that apparently would not be so if he died between 1921 and January 4th, 1926. That will create a very large anomaly. It would
    1932
    be much better to give a proper definition of what the date of the War was instead of having this ambiguity as to whether the late War is to cover the official termination of hostilities. The fact that very few people were kept in the Army more than two or three months after the Armistice makes it quite unnecessary to drag in the years 1920 and 1921 as part of the late War period. I hope, therefore, that the Minister will accept the Amendment to the Amendment.
    Amendment to proposed Amendment negatived.
    Sir B. PETO: I beg to move, as an Amendment to the proposed Amendment, in line 2, after the word "Crown," to insert the words
    "or in the Mercantile Marine or in any sea-fishing vessel or as a qualified pilot."
    3.0 a.m.
    In spite of what the Parliamentary Secretary said just now, speaking on the general Amendment, I am still convinced that it can do no possible harm and will certainly clarify the Minister's Amendment, if we adopt the words which I propose. If these words are put in, we include no one except the persons whom the Minister has told us he wishes to include. There is no mention whatever in this section of the Mercantile Marine, and suddenly to bring in masters and seamen without saying anything about the class of vessel that they have served on leaves a grave matter of doubt. The words which I propose are perfectly clear and are good English, which the Government's Amendment is not. I would like to know if the Minister can adduce any reason to show that the words which I propose to put in are not better and more apt for his own purpose. I am quite sure it will satisfy hon. Members on this side of the House who are specially interested in the fishing fleet, particularly the hon. Member for Grimsby (Mr. Womersley), to have those people specified in this Bill. The ordinary man has to read this Bill or have it read to him before he understands what benefits his widow is entitled to. It is no consolation for him to know that under certain Acts certain words are held to mean something or the other. Why cannot the Minister put words in this Bill which everyone can understand? If he wants to get on with his Bill, what can he do better than just rise in his

    1933
    seat and accept these words which can do him no harm?
    Mr. GREENWOOD rose—
    Mr. WOMERSLEY: Before the right hon. Gentleman replies might I ask a question—
    HON. MEMBERS: Order, order!
    The CHAIRMAN: Perhaps it would be convenient if I said to hon. Members below the Gangway that if the Minister sits down the hon. Member for Grimsby (Mr. Womersley) is in Order.
    Mr. WOMERSLEY: The point I wish to raise affects the bulk of my constituents. I should like to know if the definition of "seaman" includes fishermen. I want to be quite certain about it and I should like something on the lines of the Amendment of the hon. Member for Barnstaple (Sir B. Peto) included. I want to be sure that the men who served in the mine boats and patrol boats are in the Act. There is another type of fishermen, namely, share fishermen, who are not introduced into this Clause. Will they be regarded as insured persons for that particular purpose? We want a clear definition from the Minister so that there will be no misunderstanding.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: This question has been raised before. The words in the hon. Baronet's Amendment are really not necessary now because the words of my Amendment really do cover people who served in sea-going vessels. If I may take the point of the hon. Member in regard to share fishermen, these fishermen are now persons within the Insurance Acts and will come into the Bill. The pilot does not come into this Bill because he is not an insurable person, and it is quite clear that we cannot have one small class of people now outside the insurance categories, brought in, without landing ourselves into serious difficulties with everybody who is now outside. The basis of this Bill is to provide pensions for the insured classes. The pilot, not being employed on a contract of service, is not insurable. I am afraid I cannot therefore accept the Amendment.
    Mr. D. G. SOMERVILLE: I want to make an appeal to the Minister. I cannot see why a man engaged in a most hazardous occupation such as that of a pilot should not have the benefit that when he dies his widow becomes entitled
    1934
    to a pension. I cannot imagine a more dangerous or difficult task than that which has to be carried out by the pilot and I do not see why he should be excluded. The pilot is engaged by the month and paid by the month to bring ships in and out of port. There is tremendous danger in carrying out this work. There are collisions in the fog, anchors are carried away and the pilot goes in danger of his life all the time. As he is a paid employé of the harbour board I should like a further explanation as to why he is not in insurable employment. Surely if he is a member of an approved society as I understand pilots are, he is qualified under the Act.
    Captain GUNSTON: I should like to put forward a perfectly legitimate claim for a body of men who have to earn their livelihood under most hazardous conditions. Some hon. Members will know the port of Sharpness at the mouth of the Severn. It is a very dangerous port and these men have to show considerable skill in getting the ships in and out of that port. It is no good the right hon. Gentleman saying to us that men of this class are not in an insured occupation. We on these benches have not been obstructive and have not taken up unnecessary time. Most of the time has been taken up by hon. Members opposite or by hon. Members of the Liberal party. We have not taken an undue share of this Debate, and I appeal to the right hon. Gentleman to be a little reasonable and to accept this Amendment which will include a class of men who are second to none in the maritime history of this country.
    Major COLFOX: I tried a little while ago to put my point to the right hon. Gentleman as briefly as possible but he did not wish then to give way to me. [Interruption].
    The CHAIRMAN: It is impossible for me to follow the Debate if this continues. I do again ask hon. Members on both sides of the House to give a little more attention.
    Mr. GRACE: Is it in order for anybody not inside the House to make any observations?
    Major COLFOX: As I was saying I did my best to put my point to the right hon. Gentleman before he made

    1935
    his reply in order that he might save himself from rising in his place again to answer further questions. My point is that there is another small class of people who are it seems to me likely to be left outside the scope of this Amendment unless a slight addition is made to it. I refer to indentured apprentices on ships. I quite realise of course that most probably most of these indentured apprentices are not married men.
    The CHAIRMAN: If they are not married men they cannot have widows.
    Major COLFOX: That point did not escape even me. I said that probably most of them were not married men. That means of course that only a comparatively small liability would be thrown upon the Exchequer for the very occasional claims that must arise. All the same, I think, in spite of the fact that the Exchequer's liability would be small, that it would be a gross injustice on a deserving class of men if they were left outside the scope of these provisions. It is interesting to note that in the Amendment of the hon. Member for Barnstaple (Sir B. Peto), who is so careful about his English grammar, he makes exactly the same error in the construction of the sentences as is made in the Amendment of which he is criticiser.
    The CHAIRMAN: I must ask the hon. Member to address himself to the Amendment before the Committee.
    Major COLFOX: The construction of an Act of Parliament is a matter of considerable moment, and you, Sir, have already allowed considerable latitude in the discussion of that point.
    The CHAIRMAN: I cannot help an hon. Member explaining that his Amendment is grammatical or otherwise, but that does not mean that hon. Members can discuss a point of grammar when there is an Amendment before the Committee.
    Major COLFOX: The hon. Member stressed the fact that his Amendment was grammatical. I merely in passing wished to point out to him that while he was criticising another Amendment, there was an error in his own. However I will settle that point with him later. I wish to ask the right hon. Gentleman if he will not very seriously consider
    1936
    including within the scope of this Amendment the widows of the indentured apprentices as well.
    Commander SOUTHBY: I wish to ask the right hon. Gentleman whether he will give me some information on one particular point which I do not think has been touched. There is one class of pilot which has not been mentioned at all. I wish to ask the Minister of Health whether, as he has drawn his Amendment, it includes dockyard pilots, who are not necessarily naval men. I presume dockyard servants are included in the Amendment. Do they benefit or not?
    Sir A. LAMBERT WARD: I have a considerable number of share fishermen in my constituency, and it seems to me that their position is not quite clear. The right hon. Gentleman has stated that share fishermen are included, but it seems to me that it is in direct contradiction of the terms of his Amendment, which definitely states:
    "during the late War served in the Naval, Military or Air Forces of the Crown, or as a master or seaman, for a period of not less than two years and was entitled to be insured whilst so serving."
    A share fisherman was not entitled to be insured whilst he was serving as far as I can make out, because he did not come under the Insurance Acts until 1926. Will the right hon. Gentleman tell me if I have misunderstood the wording of the Amendment?
    Lord BALNIEL: Is it in order for the Secretary of State for India to fill a pipe on the Front Bench?
    Sir A. LAMBERT WARD: May I ask for the attention of the right hon. Gentleman to the point I have raised?
    Mr. GREENWOOD: Yes, they are included, but the point does not arise on this particular Amendment.
    Mr. WOMERSLEY: We should have a proper answer from the Minister. I suggest that he has evaded the point. We have cases here of men who served during the War in work of great danger, and at that time most of them were not in insurable occupations. Under the 1928 Act the late Government brought them within the Acts. I want to know if the wording of this Amendment means that these men's widows are barred from re-

    1937
    ceiving a pension under this Bill. If they are I am going to ask that something should be done on their behalf. If they do come in—and I understand the Minister to give that assurance—we know where we are.
    Rear-Admiral BEAMISH: I think we are really in danger of leaving out a certain number of people if we do not accept the Amendment put forward by the hon. Member for Barnstaple (Sir B. Peto). There is the question of "master and seaman." I cannot help feeling that we may exclude a number of mien if we leave it in that way instead of putting in "Mercantile Marine." After all there are the engine room staff, greasers and a number of others like stewards and so on, and in connection with such an important Bill as this we ought to leave no stone unturned in order to make sure that the men who "go down to the sea in ships" are not left out. There is one other case of very great importance about which I would like an answer. Are the lighthouse keepers and the men who man the ships going round the coast look-
    ing after the buoys and the lighting of the coast included? There are also many thousands of watermen who do a great deal of work of considerable danger at times and who ought to be considered. I do not ask these questions in any humorous spirit but because I want information.
    Viscountess ASTOR: I would like the Minister to be very careful before giving a definite answer, because I can assure him that the widows who have been referred to are some of the most necessitous in the country. We who represent seaport towns and naval constituencies know that unless this Amendment is accepted, or unless the Minister gives us a more definite assurance, there will be tremendous hardship.
    Mr. GREENWOOD rose in his place, and claimed to move, "That the Question be now put."
    Question put, "That the Question be now put."
    The Committee divided: Ayes, 241; Noes, 86.

    Division No. 26.]

    AYES.

    [3.26 a.m.

    Adamson, Rt. Hon. W. (File, West)

    Cluse, W. S.

    Hirst, G. H. (York W. R. Wentworth)

    Adamson, W. M. (Staff., Cannock)

    Cocks, Frederick Seymour

    Hirst, W. (Bradford, South)

    Addison, Rt. Hon. Dr. Christopher

    Compton, Joseph

    Hoffman, P. C.

    Alexander, Rt. Hon. A. V. (Hillsbro')

    Daggar, George

    Hollins, A.

    Alpass, J. H.

    Dallas, George

    Hopkin, Daniel

    Ammon, Charles George

    Dalton, Hugh

    Hore-Belisha, Leslie

    Arnott, John

    Davies, E. C. (Montgomery)

    Horrabin, J. F.

    Aske, Sir Robert

    Denman, Hon. R. D.

    Hudson, James H. (Huddersfield)

    Ayles, Walter

    Dickson, T.

    Hunter, Dr. Joseph

    Baker, John (Wolverhampton, Bilston)

    Dudgeon, Major C. R.

    Isaacs, George

    Baldwin, Oliver (Dudley)

    Dukes, C.

    Jenkins, W. (Glamorgan, Neath)

    Barnes, Alfred John

    Ede, James Chuter

    John, William (Rhondda, West)

    Barr, James

    Edge, Sir William

    Johnston, Thomas

    Batey, Joseph

    Edmunds, J. E.

    Jones, F. Llewellyn- (Flint)

    Beckett, John (Camberwell, Peckham)

    Edwards, C. (Monmouth, Bedwellty)

    Jones, J. J. (West Ham, Silvertown)

    Bellamy, Albert

    Edwards, E. (Morpeth)

    Jones, Morgan (Caerphilly)

    Benn, Rt. Hon. Wedgwood

    Elmley, Viscount

    Jones, T. I. Mardy (Pontypridd)

    Bennett, Captain E. N. (Cardiff, Central)

    Foot, Isaac

    Jowett, Rt. Hon. F. W.

    Bennett, William (Battersea, South)

    Freeman, Peter

    Jowitt, Rt. Hon. Sir W. A.

    Benson, G.

    Gardner, B. W. (West Ham, Upton)

    Kedward, R. M. (Kent, Ashford)

    Bentham, Dr. Ethel

    George, Major G. Lloyd (Pembroke)

    Kelly, W. T.

    Bevan, Aneurin (Ebbw Vale)

    Gibbins, Joseph

    Kennedy, Thomas

    Birkett, W. Norman

    Gill, T. H.

    Kinley, J.

    Blindell, James

    Glassey, A. E.

    Lang, Gordon

    Bowen, J. W.

    Gosslinq, A. G.

    Lansbury, Rt. Hon. George

    Broad, Francis Alfred

    Gould, F.

    Lathan, G.

    Brockway, A. Fenner

    Gray, Milner

    Law, Albert (Bolton)

    Bromfield, William

    Greenwood, Rt. Hon. A. (Colne)

    Law, A. (Rosendale)

    Brothers, M.

    Grenfell, D. R. (Glamorgan)

    Lawrence, Susan

    Brown, C. W. E. (Notts, Mansfield)

    Griffith, F. Kingsley (Middlesbro' W.)

    Lawrie, Hugh Hartley (Stalybridge)

    Brown, Ernest (Leith)

    Griffiths, T. (Monmouth, Pontypool)

    Lawson, John James

    Brown, James (Ayr and Bute)

    Hall, F. (York, W.R., Normanton)

    Lawther, W. (Barnard Castle)

    Buchanan, G.

    Hall, G. H. (Merthyr Tydvil)

    Leach, W.

    Burgess, F. G.

    Hall, Capt. W. P. (Portsmouth, C.)

    Lee, Frank (Derby, N.E.)

    Burgin, Dr. E. L.

    Hamilton, Mary Agnes (Blackburn)

    Lee, Jennie (Lanark, Northern)

    Caine, Derwent Hall

    Hardie, George D.

    Lewis, T. (Southampton)

    Cameron, A. G.

    Haycock, A. W.

    Lindley, Fred W.

    Cape, Thomas

    Hayday, Arthur

    Lloyd, C. Ellis

    Carter, W. (St. Pancras, S.W.)

    Henderson, Arthur, junr. (Cardiff, S.)

    Longbottom, A. W.

    Charleton, H. C.

    Henderson, Thomas (Glasgow)

    Longden, F.

    Chater, Daniel

    Henderson, W. W. (Middx., Enfield)

    Lunn, William

    Church, Major A. G.

    Herriotts, J.

    Macdonald, Gordon (Ince)

    McElwee, A.

    Potts, John S.

    Stephen, Campbell

    McEntee, V. L.

    Price, M. P.

    Strachey, E. J. St. Loe

    Mackinder, W.

    Pybus, Percy John

    Strauss, G. R.

    McKinlay, A.

    Quibell, D. J. K.

    Sullivan, J.

    MacLaren, Andrew

    Ramsay, T. B. Wilson

    Sutton, J. E.

    McShane, John James

    Richards, R.

    Taylor, R. A. (Lincoln)

    Malone, C. L'Estrange (N'thampton)

    Richardson, R. (Houghton-le-Spring)

    Taylor, W. B. (Norfolk, S.W.)

    Mansfield, W.

    Riley, F. F. (Stockton-on-Tees)

    Thorne, W. (West Ham, Plaistow)

    Marley, J.

    Romeril, H. G.

    Thurtle, Ernest

    Mathers, George

    Rosbotham, D. S. T.

    Tinker, John Joseph

    Matters, L. W.

    Rowson, Guy

    Toole, Joseph

    Messer, Fred

    Salter, Dr. Alfred

    Tout, W. J.

    Middleton, G.

    Samuel, H. W. (Swansea, West)

    Townend, A. E.

    Mills, J. E.

    Sanders, W. S.

    Vaughan, D. J.

    Milner, J.

    Sandham, E.

    Walker, J.

    Montague, Frederick

    Sawyer, G. F.

    Wallace, H. W.

    Morgan, Dr. H. B.

    Scott, James

    Wallhead, Richard C.

    Morley, Ralph

    Scurr, John

    Watkins, F. C.

    Morrison, Herbert (Hackney, South)

    Shakespeare, Geoffrey H.

    Watson, W. M. (Dunfermline)

    Mort, D. L.

    Shaw, Rt. Hon. Thomas (Preston)

    Watts-Morgan, Lt.-Col. D. (Rhondda)

    Moses, J. J. H.

    Shepherd, Arthur Lewis

    Wellock, Wilfred

    Mosley, Lady C. (Stoke-on-Trent)

    Sherwood, G. H.

    Welsh, James (Paisley)

    Mosley, Sir Oswald (Smethwick)

    Shield, George William

    Welsh, James C. (Coatbridge)

    Muff, G.

    Shiels, Dr. Drummond

    West, F. R.

    Murnin, Hugh

    Shillaker, J. F.

    Westwood, Joseph

    Nathan, Major H. L.

    Shinwell, E.

    Whiteley, Wilfrid (Birm., Ladywood)

    Newman, Sir R. H. S. D, L. (Exeter)

    Short, Alfred (Wednesbury)

    Whiteley, William (Blaydon)

    Oldfield, J. R.

    Simmons, C. J.

    Wilkinson, Ellen C.

    Oliver, George Harold (Ilkeston)

    Sinkinson, George

    Williams, David (Swansea, East)

    Oliver, P. M. (Man., Blackley)

    Sitch, Charles H.

    Williams, Dr. J. H. (Llanelly)

    Owen, Major G. (Carnarvon)

    Smith, Alfred (Sunderland)

    Williams, T. (York, Don Valley)

    Owen, H. F. (Hereford)

    Smith, Frank (Nuneaton)

    Wilson, C. H. (Sheffield, Attercliffe)

    Paling, Wilfrid

    Smith, Rennie (Penistone)

    Wilson, J. (Oldham)

    Palmer, E. T.

    Smith, Tom (Pontefract)

    Wilson, R. J. (Jarrow)

    Parkinson, John Allen (Wigan)

    Smith, W. R. (Norwich)

    Winterton, G. E. (Leicester, Loughb'gh)

    Perry, S. F.

    Snowden, Thomas (Accrington)

    Wise, E. F.

    Peters, Dr. Sidney John

    Sorensen, R.

    Young, R. S. (Islington, North)

    Pethick-Lawrence, F. W.

    Spero, Dr. G. E.

    Phillips, Dr. Marion

    Stamford, Thomas W.

    TELLERS FOR THE AYES—

    Mr. Hayes and Mr. Benjamin Smith.

    NOES.

    Acland-Troyte, Lieut.-Colonel

    Fremantle, Lieut.-Colonel Francis E.

    Russell, Alexander West (Tynemouth)

    Albery, Irving James

    Ganzoni, Sir John

    Salmon, Major I.

    Allen, W. E. D. (Belfast, W.)

    Gilmour, Lt.-Col. Rt. Hon. Sir John

    Samuel, Samuel (W'dsworth, Putney)

    Astor, Viscountess

    Grace, John

    Sandeman, Sir N. Stewart

    Balfour, George (Hampstead)

    Graham, Fergus (Cumberland, N.)

    Savery, S. S.

    Balniel, Lord

    Greene, W. P. Crawford

    Skelton, A. N.

    Beamish, Rear-Admiral T. P. H.

    Gunston, Captain D. W.

    Smith, Louis W. (Sheffield, Hallam)

    Bourne, Captain Robert Croft

    Hacking, Rt. Hon. Douglas H.

    Smith-Carington, Neville W.

    Bowyer, Captain Sir George E. W.

    Hannon, Patrick Joseph Henry

    Smithers, Waldron

    Bracken, B.

    Harvey, Major S. E. (Devon, Totnes)

    Somerset, Thomas

    Bullock, Captain Malcolm

    Henderson, Capt. R. R. (Oxf'd,Henley)

    Somerville, D. G. (Willesden, East)

    Butler, R. A.

    Heneage, Lieut.-Colonel Arthur P.

    Southby, Commander A. R. J.

    Castle Stewart, Earl of

    Hennessy, Major Sir G. R. J.

    Stanley, Lord (Fylde)

    Chamberlain, Rt. Hon. N. (Edgbaston)

    Howard-Bury, Colonel C. K.

    Stanley, Maj. Hon. O. (W'morland)

    Colfox, Major William Philip

    Hudson, Capt. A. U. M. (Hackney, N.)

    Stuart, J. C. (Moray and Nairn)

    Colville, Major D. J.

    Lamb, Sir J. Q.

    Thomas, Major L. B. (King's Norton)

    Cranbourne, Viscount

    Long, Major Eric

    Titchfield, Major the Marquess of

    Crookshank, Cpt. H. (Lindsey,Gainsbro)

    MacRobert, Rt. Hon. Alexander M.

    Todd, Capt. A. J.

    Cuiverwell, C. T. (Bristol, West)

    Mason, Colonel Glyn K.

    Tryon, Rt. Hon. George Clement

    Cunliffe-Lister, Rt. Hon. Sir Philip

    Mitchell-Thomson, Rt. Hon. Sir W.

    Ward, Lt.-Col. A. L. (Kingston-on-Hull)

    Davies, Dr. Vernon

    Monsell, Eyres, Com. Rt. Hon. Sir B.

    Wardlaw-Milne, J. S.

    Davies, Maj. Geo. F. (Somerset, Yeovil)

    Morrison, W. S. (Glos., Cirencester)

    Warrender, Sir Victor

    Duckworth, G. A. V.

    Morrison-Bell, Sir Arthur Clive

    Waterhouse, Captain Charles

    Dugdale, Capt. T. L.

    Muirhead, A. J.

    Wells, Sydney R.

    Edmondson, Major A. J.

    Penny, Sir George

    Womersley, W. J.

    Elliot, Major Walter E.

    Peto, Sir Basil E. (Devon, Barnstaple)

    Wood, Rt. Hon. Sir Kingsley

    Everard, W. Lindsay

    Ramsbotham, H.

    Fermoy, Lord

    Remer, John R.

    TELLERS FOR THE NOES—

    Fison, F. G. Clavering

    Roberts, Sir Samuel (Ecclesall)

    Sir Frederick Thomson and Captain Margesson.

    Ford, Sir P. J.

    Ross, Major Ronald D.

    Question put accordingly, "That those words be there inserted in the proposed Amendment."
    The Committee divided: Ayes, 107; Noes, 215.

    Division No, 27.]

    AYES.

    [3.35 a.m.

    Acland-Troyte, Lieut.-Colonel

    Astor, Viscountess

    Birkett, W. Norman

    Albery, Irving James

    Balfour, George (Hampstead)

    Blindell, James

    Allen, W. E. D. (Belfast, W.)

    Balniel, Lord

    Bourne, Captain Robert Croft

    Aske, Sir Robert

    Beamish, Rear-Admiral T. P. H.

    Bowyer, Captain Sir George E. W.

    Bracken, B.

    Greene, W. P. Crawford

    Roberts, Sir Samuel (Ecclesall)

    Brown, Ernest (Leith)

    Griffith, F. Kingsley (Middlesbro' W.)

    Ross, Major Ronald D.

    Bullock, Captain Malcolm

    Gunston, Captain D. W.

    Russell, Alexander West (Tynemouth)

    Butler, R. A.

    Hacking, Rt. Hon. Douglas H.

    Salmon, Major I.

    Castle Stewart, Earl of

    Hannon, Patrick Joseph Henry

    Samuel, A. M. (Surrey, Farnham)

    Chamberlain, Rt. Hon. N. (Edgbaston)

    Harvey, Major S. E. (Devon, Totnes)

    Sandeman, Sir N. Stewart

    Colfox, Major William Philip

    Henderson, Capt. R. R. (Oxf'd, Henley)

    Savery, S. S.

    Colville, Major D. J.

    Heneage, Lieut.-Colonel Arthur P.

    Scott, James

    Cranbourne, Viscount

    Hennessy, Major Sir G. R. J.

    Shakespeare, Geoffrey H.

    Crookshank, Cpt. H. (Lindsey, Gainsbro)

    Hore-Belisha, Leslie

    Skelton, A. N.

    Cuiverwell, C. T. (Bristol, West)

    Howard-Bury, Colonel C. K.

    Smith, Louis W. (Sheffield, Hallam)

    Cunliffe-Lister, Rt. Hon. Sir Philip

    Hudson, Capt. A. U. M. (Hackney, N.)

    Smith-Carington, Neville W.

    Davies, Dr. Vernon

    Hunter, Dr. Joseph

    Smithers, Waldron

    Davies, E. C. (Montgomery)

    Jones, F. Llewellyn- (Flint)

    Somerset, Thomas

    Davies, Maj. Geo. F. (Somerset, Yeovil)

    Kedward, R. M. (Kent, Ashford)

    Somerville, D. G. (Willesden, East)

    Duckworth, G. A. V.

    Lamb, Sir J. Q.

    Southby, Commander A. R. J.

    Dudgeon, Major C. R.

    MacRobert, Rt. Hon. Alexander M.

    Stanley, Lord (Fylde)

    Dugdale, Capt. T. L.

    Margesson, Captain H D.

    Stanley, Maj. Hon. O. (W'morland)

    Edmondson, Major A. J.

    Mason, Colonel Glyn K.

    Stuart, J. C. (Moray and Nairn)

    Elliot, Major Walter E.

    Mitchell-Thomson, Rt. Hon. Sir W

    Thomas, Major L. B. (King's Norton)

    Elmley, Viscount

    Morrison, W. S. (Glos., Cirencester)

    Titchfield, Major the Marquess of

    Everard, W. Lindsay

    Morrison-Bell, Sir Arthur Clive

    Todd, Capt. A. J.

    Fermoy, Lord

    Muirhead, A. J.

    Tryon, Rt. Hon. George Clement

    Fison, F. G. Clavering

    Nathan, Major H. L.

    Ward, Lt.-Col. A.L. (Kingston-on-Hull)

    Foot, Isaac

    Newman, Sir R. H. S. D. L. (Exeter)

    Wardlaw-Milne, J. S.

    Ford, Sir P. J.

    Oliver, P. M. (Man., Blackley)

    Waterhouse, Captain Charles

    Fremantle, Lieut.-Colonel Francis E.

    Owen, Major G. (Carnarvon)

    Wells, Sydney R.

    Ganzoni, Sir John

    Penny, Sir George

    Womersley, W. J.

    George, Major G. Lloyd (Pembroke)

    Peto, Sir Basil E. (Devon, Barnstaple)

    Wood, Rt. Hon. Sir Kingsley

    Gilmour, Lt.-Col. Rt. Hon. Sir John

    Pybus, Percy John

    Glassey, A. E.

    Ramsay, T. B. Wilson

    TELLERS FOR THE AYES—

    Graham, Fergus (Cumberland, N.)

    Ramsbotham, H.

    Sir Frederick Thomson and Sir Victor Warrender.

    Gray, Milner

    Remer, John R.

    NOES.

    Adamson, Rt. Hon. W. (Fife, West)

    Edge, Sir William

    Lawrence, Susan

    Adamson, W. M. (Staff., Cannock)

    Edmunds, J. E.

    Lawrie, Hugh Hartley (Stalybridge)

    Addison, Rt. Hon. Dr. Christopher

    Edwards, C. (Monmouth, Bedwellty)

    Lawson, John James

    Alexander, Rt. Hon. A. V. (Hillsbro')

    Edwards, E. (Morpeth)

    Lawther, W. (Barnard Castle)

    Alpass, J. H.

    Freeman, Peter

    Leach, W.

    Ammon, Charles George

    Gardner, B. W. (West Ham, Upton)

    Lee, Frank (Derby, N.E.)

    Arnott, John

    Gibbins, Joseph

    Lee, Jennie (Lanark, Northern)

    Ayles, Walter

    Gill, T. H.

    Lewis, T. (Southampton)

    Baker, John (Wolverhampton, Bilston)

    Gossling, A. G.

    Lindley, Fred W.

    Baldwin, Oliver (Dudley)

    Gould, F.

    Lloyd, C. Ellis

    Barnes, Alfred John

    Greenwood, Rt. Hon. A. (Colne)

    Longbottom, A. W.

    Barr, James

    Grenfell, D. R. (Glamorgan)

    Longden, F.

    Batey, Joseph

    Griffiths, T. (Monmouth, Pontypool)

    Lunn, William

    Beckett, John (Camberwell, Peckham)

    Hall, F. (York, W.R., Normanton)

    Macdonald, Gordon (Ince)

    Bellamy, Albert

    Hall, G. H. (Merthyr Tydvil)

    McElwee, A.

    Benn, Rt. Hon. Wedgwood

    Hall, Capt. W. P. (Portsmouth, C.)

    McEntee, V. L.

    Bennett, Captain E. N. (Cardiff,Central)

    Hamilton, Mary Agnes (Blackburn)

    Mackinder, W.

    Bennett, William (Battersea, South)

    Hardle, George D.

    McKinlay, A.

    Benson, G.

    Haycock, A. W.

    MacLaren, Andrew

    Bentham, Dr. Ethel

    Hayday, Arthur

    McShane, John James

    Bevan, Aneurin (Ebbw Vale)

    Henderson, Arthur, junr. (Cardiff, S.)

    Malone, C. L'Estrange (N'thampton)

    Bowen, J. W.

    Henderson, Thomas (Glasgow)

    Mansfield, W.

    Broad, Francis Alfred

    Henderson, W. W. (Middx., Enfield)

    Marley, J.

    Brockway, A. Fenner

    Herriotts, J.

    Mathers, George

    Bromfield, William

    Hirst, G. H. (York, W.R.,Wentworth)

    Matters, L. W.

    Brothers, M.

    Hirst, W. (Bradford, South)

    Messer, Fred

    Brown, C. W. E. (Notts, Mansfield)

    Hoffman, P. C.

    Middleton, G.

    Brown, James (Ayr and Bute)

    Hollins, A.

    Mills, J. E.

    Buchanan, G.

    Hopkin, Daniel

    Milner, J.

    Burgess, F. G.

    Horrabin, J. F.

    Montague, Frederick

    Burgin, Dr. E. L.

    Hudson, James H. (Huddersfield)

    Morgan, Dr. H. B.

    Caine, Derwent Hall

    Isaacs, George

    Morley, Ralph

    Cameron, A. G.

    Jenkins, W. (Glamorgan, Neath)

    Morrison, Herbert (Hackney, South),

    Cape, Thomas

    John, William (Rhondda, West)

    Mort, D. L.

    Carter, W. (St. Pancras, S. W.)

    Johnston, Thomas

    Moses, J. J. H.

    Charleton, H. C.

    Jones, J. J. (West Ham, Silvertown)

    Mosley, Lady C. (Stoke-on-Trent)

    Chater, Daniel

    Jones, Morgan (Caerphilly)

    Mosley, Sir Oswald (Smethwick)

    Church, Major A. G.

    Jones, T. I. Mardy (Pontypridd)

    Muff, G.

    Cluse, W. S.

    Jowett, Rt. Hon. F.W.

    Murnin, Hugh

    Cocks, Frederick Seymour

    Jowitt, Rt. Hon. Sir W. A.

    Oldfield, J. R.

    Compton, Joseph

    Kelly, W. T.

    Oliver, George Harold (Ilkeston)

    Daggar, George

    Kennedy, Thomas

    Paling, Wilfrid

    Dallas, George

    Kinley, J.

    Palmer, E. T.

    Dalton, Hugh

    Lang, Gordon

    Parkinson, John Allen (Wigan)

    Denman, Hon. R. D.

    Lansbury, Rt. Hon. George

    Perry, S. F.

    Dickson, T.

    Lathan, G.

    Pethick-Lawrence, F. W.

    Dukes, C.

    Law, Albert (Bolton)

    Phillips, Dr. Marion

    Ede, James Chuter

    Law, A. (Rosendale)

    Potts, John S.

    1942

    1943

    Price, M. P.

    Smith, Alfred (Sunderland)

    Wallhead, Richard C.

    Quibell, D. J. K.

    Smith, Frank (Nuneaton)

    Watkins, F. C.

    Richards, R.

    Smith, Rennie (Penistone)

    Watson, W. M. (Dunfermline)

    Richardson, R. (Houghton-le-Spring)

    Smith, Tom (Pontefract)

    Watts-Morgan, Lt.-Col. D. (Rhondda)

    Riley, F. F. (Stockton-on-Tees)

    Smith, W. R. (Norwich)

    Wellock, Wilfred

    Romeril, H. G.

    Snowden, Thomas (Accrington)

    Welsh, James (Paisley)

    Rosbotham, D. S. T.

    Sorensen, R.

    Welsh, James C. (Coatbridge)

    Rowson, Guy

    Spero, Dr. G. E.

    West, F. R.

    Salter, Dr. Alfred

    Stamford, Thomas W.

    Westwood, Joseph

    Samuel, H. W. (Swansea, West)

    Stephen, Campbell

    Whiteley, Wilfrid (Birm., Ladywood)

    Sanders, W. S.

    Strachey, E. J. St. Loe

    Whiteley, William (Blaydon)

    Sandham, E.

    Strauss, G. R.

    Wilkinson, Ellen C.

    Sawyer, G. F.

    Sullivan, J.

    Williams, David (Swansea, East)

    Scurr, John

    Sutton, J. E.

    Williams, Dr. J. H. (Llanelly)

    Shaw, Rt. Hon. Thomas (Preston)

    Taylor, R. A. (Lincoln)

    Williams, T. (York, Don Valley)

    Shepherd, Arthur Lewis

    Taylor, W. B. (Norfolk, S.W.)

    Wilson, C. H. (Sheffield, Attercliffe)

    Sherwood, G. H.

    Thorne, W. (West Ham, Plaistow)

    Wilson, J. (Oldham)

    Shield, George William

    Thurtle, Ernest

    Wilson, R. J. (Jarrow)

    Shiels, Dr. Drummond

    Tinker, John Joseph

    Winterton, G. E. (Leicester,Loughb'gh)

    Shillaker, J. F.

    Toole, Joseph

    Wise, E. F.

    Shinwell, E.

    Tout, W. J.

    Young, R. S. (Islington, North)

    Short, Alfred (Wednesbury)

    Townend, A. E.

    Simmons, C. J

    Vaughan, D. J.

    TELLERS FOR THE NOES.—

    Sinkinson, George

    Walker, J.

    Mr. Hayes and Mr. Benjamin Smith.

    Sitch, Charles H.

    Wallace, H. W.

    Question again proposed, "That those words be there inserted."
    Captain BOURNE: Before this Amendment is put there is one point which I want to bring to the attention of the Parliamentary Secretary. I think that this Amendment would preclude the widow of a man, who was insured when he enlisted and who subsequent to enlistment obtained a temporary commission, from obtaining a pension. It seems to me that the words "whilst so serving" would automatically exclude a person who obtained a temporary commission during the War. We know there were very many men who served in the regular Army before the War, retired before the outbreak of War, came back as non-commissioned officers and then got commissions and served during part of the War as officers. It seems very unfair to me that their widows should be deprived of pensions when after all they are people who would normally belong to the insured class. I feel perfectly certain that it is not the intention of the Government to exclude these people, but the wording of the Amendment, as drafted, would exclude them and I would be glad of an assurance from the Minister on this point.
    Sir A. LAMBERT WARD: It seems to me that the position of the share fishermen is still rather obscure. The Minister of Health said definitely at one time that they were included in this Subsection. I understand, however, that he qualifies the remark in some way which I do not understand. I want to put a definite case to the hon. Lady who is now in charge of the Bill. Take the
    1944
    case of a man who, prior to the War, was a share fisherman; who then served for two years on a mine sweeper and died within three years of the termination of the War. Is that man's widow entitled to a pension or is she not? I hope the hon. Lady will give a definite reply—"Yes" or "No"—to that question.
    Lieut.-Colonel HENEAGE: I think that the Committee must press for some definite ruling as to the position of fishermen. I am sure we are sorry to see the Attorney General leave the House at this stage because after all this is a question of definition on which his assistance may be invaluable. I believe that the Parliamentary Secretary and the Minister are both still "in the air" as to how this Bill will really work. I hope that the hon. Lady will give me a reply on this point in her own thoroughly graceful and Parliamentary manner, and assure us that these men are definitely covered. I want to raise some fresh points. I should like to know about the men who man the lifeboats round the coast. These points all show how extremely casual the Government are on this question. They have been slipshod all the way through and it is their extremely obstructive tactics which have kept the Committee so late to-night. I understand that the object of this Bill is to remove certain scandals and anomalies and I would remind the House of the speech of the Lord Privy Seal in which he said that
    "within three months the Labour Government will bring forward a Bill to remove the anomalies and scandals of the Widows Pensions Act."

    1945
    Who can say, after listening to the absurd statements of the Government they have carried out that pledge. I would also remind them of some of their other pledges. The Chancellor of the Exchequer said:—
    "I give a definite pledge that as soon as the Labour Government gets in—"
    The CHAIRMAN: I have already ruled that questions concerning the General Election are not relevant.
    Lieut.-Colonel HENEAGE: I gather, Sir, that you are bound by Standing Orders. We also recognise that election pledges are a very sore subject to the opposite side. [Interruption.] We intend to press and to keep on pressing until we get a satisfactory answer to these points. We intend to see justice done to these widows. I quite understand that the wording of this Amendment as it stands means nothing and it is important to have the definition set out in the Bill.
    Major ROSS: There was one point which was put to the hon. Lady by the hon. Member for Devonport (Mr. Hore-Belisha) and in reply to which she did not give one word of explanation and that was why the period of two years has been introduced into this Clause. I listened with interest to the hon. Lady when she defended on the previous Clauses, having no time limit put in. She said it would be a matter of inconvenience but on what possible ground does she justify a time limit of two years' service in this Clause. I say with all sincerity that it is a very unfair thing that a two years' limit should be introduced in the case of the ex-service man when it is not to be found in the other Clause which relates to this matter. I have not intervened in this Debate up to now, but this is a point of great seriousness, and that is why I am putting it before the Committee at this stage. I should like to tell the hon. Members some of the difficulties as I see them. Supposing two men enlist at the same time. One of them goes out to the front quickly, becomes incapacitated and is out of the service within a year. He does not come within this provision.
    On the other hand, the second man may have been less fit or he may have been attracted by the more contemplative aspects of military life, have gone in for a less hazardous occupation than the first man. His prospects of surviving for
    1946
    two years would be quite good from a material point of view. He, of course, comes in under the Clause, but the man who goes to France and with whom I suggest our sympathy should be to-night, does not. I am trying to put these points within a small compass, and I hope the right hon. Gentleman and the hon. Lady who are in charge of the Bill will so alter it as to bring in the widows of ex-service men on terms at least as good as those which are offered to industrial workers.
    Commander SOUTHBY: I would like to ask if the right hon. Gentleman will give us an assurance upon one point, and that is about the lifeboat men. They have a hazardous occupation and I feel sure it not his intention to exclude them from the benefits of this Act. And I would like to have the assurance that these men are included and will come under the provisions of the Act.
    Miss LAWRENCE: If a man serves in the ranks for two years he comes under the provisions of this Clause. As to share fishermen they will come in. If I may quote—"Cook's sons, duke's sons, and sons of the millionaire" come in. All these people who served two years in the army come in under the Clause whether they were share fishermen, shopkeepers, mechanics—whatever they were. It deals not with their previous occupation but their War service. As to the sad case of the man who went out to France and was one of the early casualties, he does not come in because he comes under the War Pensions scheme.
    Major ROSS: May I interpose for a moment. I can assure the hon. Lady that I know of a case in my own constituency of a man who went to France and lost a leg in the first Battle of Ypres. He came out and worked as a cobbler. He would otherwise have been an insurable man but he worked as a cobbler. He got a pension to start with, but when he died his widow did net get one.
    4.0 a.m.
    Miss LAWRENCE: If they go into insurable occupation, then they and their widows are insurable. Someone said, "Why must you have a minimum of service?" Some people served for only a day technically. If there were no limit, some men who were even a day in the Army would be included.

    1947
    There were also men who enlisted under the Derby scheme and were never called up, and, if you simply included men who were in service, they would also come in. There were eases of men who gave purely nominal service and were never called up at all. You would allow people who were never in any sense participants in the war to come in. Two years was chosen as the period because, if you will look in the Ast, you will see that that time is the period of insurance. I think I have answered the question, and I do hope that I shall not have any more questions as to whether the occupation of men prior to their service has anything to do with it. It does not matter whether they were "shopkeepers, cooks' sons, or dukes' sons, or sons of millionaires."
    Major COLFOX: That is a misquotation.
    Miss LAWRENCE: If the hon. Member will look at the poem from which I have quoted, he will see that the line I have used is repeated at the end of every verse. There are sometimes the words "earl's son", but the line is as I have quoted it; certainly, every section of the population is included in the verse. I hope that I shall have no more questions as to men's previous occupations. It does not matter two pins what was their occupation. They are in on the strength of two years service with the Army, and their previous occupation has nothing whatever to do with it.
    Commander SOUTHBY: Will the hon. Lady say whether this includes men who served in the War in lifeboats?
    Miss LAWRENCE: Yes. Men who served in the lifeboats or the Army or the Navy or the Air Service for two years are in.
    Commander SOUTHBY: I think the hon. Lady misunderstood me. I want to know whether service during the War in the lifeboat service will come under this Bill. I do not mean lifeboatmen who were lifeboatmen and then served in H.M. ships.
    Miss LAWRENCE: I have already said that the ship has nothing to do with it. It is serving in the capacity of master or seaman during the War.
    Commander SOUTHBY: They do not come under that.
    Mr. E. BROWN: May I point out that the lifeboatman is in a voluntary service which is not an insurable occupation? My own father was coxswain of the lifeboat at Torquay. I think the hon. Lady is wrong here.
    Miss LAWRENCE: It is service in the War and not in any vessel on the water that counts. If a man gave service for two years in the War, that is enough.
    Mr. WOMERSLEY: I should be satisfied with the hon. Lady's explanation if it were not for the words, "was entitled to be insured whilst so serving." I want to draw attention to the classes of fishermen who went on fishing service, but could not be described as insured. I do not want to find that we have left them out. The matter wants dealing with while we are threshing out this Amendment. The question is whether it is retrospective. They were made an insurable class in 1920, but at the time they served they were not an insured class.
    Miss LAWRENCE: Whether the men were in an insurable class or not does not matter. All these people were entitled to be insured under special Naval, Military, and Air Force Regulations, but they were not so insured. All the population that were swept into the war, although they had to be insured, were as a matter of fact, not insured, and we are now putting that right. What they were doing before the War does not matter a bit.
    Mr. KELLY: I do not mind hon. Members on the other side looking after the people with whom some of us are very closely concerned. The hon. Member for Epsom (Commander Southby) asked whether the people on the light vessels came under this Bill. Those on the light vessels are already under the insurance scheme and entitled to widows' pensions at the present time.
    Viscountess ASTOR: Not all of them.
    Dr. BURGIN: I hope the Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Health will allow me to put a question which leaves me in some doubt in regard to her remarks as to the Naval, Military and Air Force Service. If I understood

    1949
    aright, it was to this effect, that under the National Health Insurance Act of 1924 service in the Forces was counted as insured and that immediately service was entered upon time began to count for insurance purposes. I understand her, further, to say, with regard to men who enlisted temporarily for the great War, that, although they were entitled to have their service counted for insurance purposes, in fact large numbers were not registered. That was the position as I understood it. It seems to me that very important consequences flow from that result. Under Section 44, Subsection (5) of the Act of 1925, to which the hon. Lady has referred, any period during which a person serves in the Naval, Military or Air Forces of the Crown shall, while so serving, be taken to be the requisite period. I want to know whether this inclusion of a minimum period of two years does not restrict and take away from the rights of a large number of people who under Section 57 of the National Insurance Act were already counted as insured persons by reason of service for any period.
    I do not desire to obstruct in any way. I am, however, most concerned in a Government Amendment intended to widen the Bill, to see that such an Amendment does not take away from those who already have very important rights, and, unless I have misread the Act, or the hon. Lady is in possession of departmental information which does not appear in the copy of the Statute, it does not seem to me as if service with the Crown entitles one to be treated as an insured person, and as if this Amendment would say that the period must be two years before it counts for pension. The example of the men under the Derby Scheme who were enrolled persons and were never called upon do not impress me. This Amendment leaves a man who serves in the trenches for twenty-three months and a few days completely out of the Bill. This is a much larger class than the Derby men who were transferred to Reserve and were never called up.
    It seems to me that when my hon. Friend the hon. Member for Devonport (Mr. Hore-Belisha) moved an earlier Amendment to insert "All persons who were at any time of the Navy, Army or Air Force Insurance Fund" he was really doing a service to the Government,
    1950
    because he was calling attention to words which, if accepted, would automatically include any man who had war service. My hon. Friend withdrew the Amendment, because he received a promise that the matter would be considered by the Government before the Report Stage. He was quite right in withdrawing it at the time, but now that we come to the Bill with the Amendment moved by the Minister, which the right hon. Gentleman suggested as wide enough to include the classes mentioned by the hon. Member for Devonport, we find that, so far from doing that, it appears to be a restrictive Amendment, taking away rights which large numbers of men in the Navy, Army and Air Force appear to possess. I hope the hon. Lady will make it quite clear that all people of the Navy, Army and Air Force Insurance Fund come within the provisions of this Act and that by imposing a time limit of two years she has not reduced the class instead of increasing it.
    Miss LAWRENCE: You must rule out the Navy, Army and Air Force Insurance Fund, because, if you take it as your standard, you cut out a great number of people. The Act of 1925 says that you have to have 104 stamps for 104 weeks' contributions, but it does not give the three years' grace. We say that if a man serves two years and has 104 stamps he can do as he likes for three years, and he will not lose his pension rights. It is an enormously wide concession. Whatever odd jobs a man may get, or if he never got a job at all, it does not matter to his pension.
    Dr. BURGIN: I hope that the hon. Lady will forgive me for pointing out that the three years' extension though a tremendous concession, does not deal with the earlier period of two years. I still do not see the reason why the two years' period is not a restriction on previous rights.
    Mr. GREENWOOD rose in his place, and claimed to move, "That the Question be now put."
    Question put, "That the Question be now put."
    The Committee divided: Ayes, 215; Noes, 102.

    Division No. 28.]

    AYES.

    [4.21 a.m.

    Adamson, Rt. Hon. W. (Fife, West)

    Hirst, W. (Bradford, South)

    Richardson, R. (Houghton-le-Spring)

    Adamson, W. M. (Staff., Cannock)

    Hoffman, P. C.

    Riley, F. F. (Stockton-on-Tees)

    Addison, Rt. Hon. Dr. Christopher

    Hollins, A.

    Romeril, H. G.

    Alexander, Rt. Hon. A. V. (Hillsbro'l

    Hopkin, Daniel

    Rosbotham, D. S. T.

    Alpass, J. H.

    Horrabin, J. F.

    Rowson, Guy

    Ammon, Charles George

    Hudson, James H. (Huddersfield)

    Salter, Dr. Alfred

    Arnott, John

    Isaacs, George

    Samuel, H. W. (Swansea, West)

    Ayles, Walter

    Jenkins, W. (Glamorgan, Neath)

    Sanders, W. S.

    Baker, John (Wolverhampton, Bilston)

    John, William (Rhondda, West)

    Sandham, E.

    Baldwin, Oliver (Dudley)

    Johnston, Thomas

    Sawyer, G. F.

    Barr, James

    Jones, J. J. (West Ham, Silvertown)

    Scurr, John

    Batey, Joseph

    Jones, Morgan (Caerphilly)

    Shaw, Rt. Hon. Thomas (Preston)

    Beckett, John (Camberwell, Peckham)

    Jones, T. I. Mardy (Pontypridd)

    Shepherd, Arthur Lewis

    Bellamy, Albert

    Jowett, Rt. Hon. F. W.

    Sherwood, G. H.

    Benn, Rt. Hon. Wedgwood

    Jowitt, Rt. Hon. Sir W. A.

    Shield, George William

    Bennett, William (Battersea, South)

    Kelly, W. T.

    Shiels, Dr. Drummond

    Benson, G.

    Kennedy, Thomas

    Shillaker, J. F.

    Bentham, Dr. Ethel

    Kinley, J.

    Shinwell, E.

    Bevan, Aneurin (Ebbw Vale)

    Lang, Gordon

    Short, Alfred (Wednesbury)

    Bowen, J. W.

    Lansbury, Rt. Hon. George

    Simmons, C. J.

    Broad, Francis Alfred

    Lathan, G.

    Sinkinson, George

    Brockway, A. Fenner

    Law, Albert (Bolton)

    Sitch, Charles H.

    Bromfield, William

    Law, A. (Rosendale)

    Smith, Alfred (Sunderland)

    Brothers, M.

    Lawrence, Susan

    Smith, Ben (Bermondsey, Rotherhithe)

    Brown, C. W. E. (Notts. Mansfield)

    Lawrie, Hugh Hartley (Stalybridge)

    Smith, Frank (Nuneaton)

    Brown, James (Ayr and Bute)

    Lawson, John James

    Smith, Rennie (Penistone)

    Buchanan, G.

    Lawther, W. (Barnard Castle)

    Smith, Tom (Pontefract)

    Burgess, F. G.

    Leach, W.

    Smith, W. R. (Norwich)

    Caine, Derwent Hall

    Lee, Frank (Derby, N.E.)

    Snowden, Thomas (Accrington)

    Cameron, A. G.

    Lee, Jennie (Lanark, Northern)

    Sorensen, R.

    Cape, Thomas

    Lewis, T. (Southampton)

    Spero, Dr. G. E.

    Carter, W. (St. Pancras, S.W.)

    Lindley, Fred W.

    Stamford, Thomas W.

    Charleton, H. C.

    Lloyd, C. Ellis

    Stephen, Campbell

    Chater, Daniel

    Longbottom, A. W.

    Strachey, E. J. St. Loe

    Church, Major A. G.

    Longden, F.

    Strauss, G. R.

    Cluse, W. S.

    Lunn, William

    Sullivan, J.

    Cocks, Frederick Seymour

    Macdonald, Gordon (Ince)

    Sutton, J. E.

    Compton, Joseph

    McElwee, A.

    Taylor, R. A. (Lincoln)

    Daggar, George

    McEntee, V. L.

    Taylor, W. B. (Norfolk, S.W.)

    Dallas, George

    Mackinder, W.

    Thorne, W. (West Ham, Plaistow)

    Dalton, Hugh

    McKinlay, A.

    Thurtle, Ernest

    Denman, Hon. R. D.

    MacLaren, Andrew

    Tinker, John Joseph

    Dickson, T.

    McShane, John James

    Toole, Joseph

    Dukes, C.

    Mansfield, W.

    Tout, W. J.

    Ede, James Chuter

    Marley, J.

    Townend, A. E.

    Edge, Sir William

    Mathers, George

    Vaughan, D. J.

    Edmunds, J. E.

    Matters, L. W.

    Walker, J.

    Edwards, C. (Monmouth, Bedwellty)

    Messer, Fred

    Wallace, H. W.

    Edwards, E. (Morpeth)

    Middleton, G.

    Wallhead, Richard C.

    Foot, Isaac

    Mills, J. E.

    Watkins, F. C.

    Freeman, Peter

    Milner, J.

    Watson, W. M. (Dunfermline)

    Gardner, B. W. (West Ham, Upton)

    Montague, Frederick

    Watts-Morgan, Lt.-Col. D. (Rhondda)

    Gibbins, Joseph

    Morgan, Dr. H. B.

    Wellock, Wilfred

    Gill, T. H.

    Morley, Ralph

    Welsh, James (Paisley)

    Gossling, A. G.

    Mort, D. L.

    Welsh, James C. (Coatbridge)

    Gould, F.

    Moses, J. J. H.

    West, F. R.

    Greenwood, Rt. Hon. A. (Colne).

    Mosley, Lady C. (Stoke-on-Trent)

    Westwood, Joseph

    Grenfell, D. R. (Glamorgan)

    Mosley, Sir Oswald (Smethwick)

    Whiteley, Wilfrid (Birm., Ladywood)

    Griffiths, T. (Monmouth, Pontypool)

    Muff, G.

    Whiteley, William (Blaydon)

    Grundy, Thomas W.

    Murnin, Hugh

    Wilkinson, Ellen C.

    Hall, F. (York, W.R., Normanton)

    Newman, Sir R. H. S. D. L. (Exeter)

    Williams, David (Swansea, East)

    Hall, G. H. (Merthyr Tydvil)

    Oldfield, J. R.

    Williams, Dr. J. H. (Llanelly)

    Hall. Capt. W. P. (Portsmouth, C.)

    Oliver, George Harold (Ilkeston)

    Williams, T. (York, Don Valley)

    Hamilton, Mary Agnes (Blackburn)

    Owen. H. F. (Hereford)

    Wilson, C. H. (Sheffield, Attercliffe)

    Hardie, George D.

    Palmer, E. T.

    Wilson, J. (Oldham)

    Haycock, A. W.

    Parkinson, John Allen (Wigan)

    Wilson, R. J. (Jarrow)

    Hayday, Arthur

    Perry, S. F.

    Winterton, G. E. (Leicester, Loughb'gh)

    Hayes, John Henry

    Phillips, Dr. Marion

    Wise, E. F.

    Henderson, Arthur, junr. (Cardiff, S.)

    Potts, John S.

    Young, R. S. (Islington, North)

    Henderson, Thomas (Glasgow)

    Price, M. P.

    Henderson, W. W. (Middx., Enfield)

    Pybus, Percy John

    TELLERS FOR THE AYES—

    Herriotts, J.

    Quibell, D. J. K.

    Mr. Barnes and Mr. Wilfrid Paling.

    Hirst, G. H. (York W. R. Wentworth)

    Richards, R.

    NOES.

    Acland-Troyte, Lieut.-Colonel

    Birkett, W. Norman

    Burgin, Dr. E. L.

    Allen, W. E. D. (Belfast, W.)

    Blinded, James

    Butler, R. A.

    Aske, Sir Robert

    Bourne, Captain Robert Croft

    Castle Stewart, Earl of

    Astor, Viscountess

    Bowyer, Captain Sir George E. W.

    Chamberlain, Rt. Hon. N. (Edgbaston)

    Balfour, George (Hampstead)

    Bracken, B.

    Colfox, Major William Philip

    Balniel, Lord

    Brown, Ernest (Leith)

    Colville, Major D. J.

    Beamish, Rear-Admiral T. P. H.

    Bullock, Captain Malcolm

    Cranbourne, Viscount

    1952

    1953

    Crookshank, Cpt.H. (Lindsey, Gainsbro)

    Heneage, Lieut.-Colonel Arthur P.

    Sandeman, Sir N. Stewart

    Culverwell, C. T. (Bristol, West)

    Hennessy, Major Sir G. R. J.

    Savery, S. S.

    Cunliffe-Lister, Rt. Hon. Sir Philip

    Hore-Belisha, Leslie

    Scott, James

    Davies, Dr. Vernon

    Howard-Bury, Colonel C. K.

    Shakespeare, Geoffrey H.

    Davies, E. C. (Montgomery)

    Hudson, Capt. A. U. M. (Hackney, N.)

    Skelton, A. N.

    Davies, Maj. Geo. F. (Somerset, Yeovil)

    Hunter, Dr. Joseph

    Smith, Louis W. (Sheffield, Haliam)

    Duckworth, G. A. V.

    Jones, F. Llewellyn-(Flint)

    Smith-Carington, Neville W.

    Dudgeon, Major C. R.

    Kedward, R. M. (Kent, Ashford)

    Smithers, Waldron

    Dugdale, Capt. T. L.

    Lamb, Sir J. Q.

    Somerset, Thomas

    Edmondson, Major A. J.

    MacRobert, Rt. Hon. Alexander M.

    Somerville, D. G. (Willesden, East)

    Elliot, Major Walter E.

    Margesson, Captain H. D.

    Southby, Commander A. R. J.

    Elmley, Viscount

    Mason, Colonel Glyn K.

    Stanley, Lord (Fylde)

    Everard, W. Lindsay

    Mitchell-Thomson, Rt. Hon. Sir W.

    Stanley, Maj. Hon. O. (W'morland)

    Fison, F. G. Clavering

    Morrison, W. S. (Glos., Cirencester)

    Stuart, J. C. (Moray and Nairn)

    Ford, Sir P. J.

    Morrison-Bell, Sir Arthur Clive

    Thomas, Major L. B. (King's Norton)

    Fremantle, Lieut.-Colonel Francis E.

    Muirhead, A. J.

    Thomson, Sir F.

    Ganzoni, Sir John

    Nathan, Major H. L

    Todd, Capt. A. J.

    George, Major G. Lloyd (Pembroke)

    Oliver, P. M. (Man., Blackley)

    Tryon, Rt. Hon. George Clement

    Gilmour, Lt.-Col. Rt. Hon. Sir John

    Owen, Major G. (Carnarvon)

    Ward, Lt.-Col. A. L. (Kingston-on-Hull)

    Glassey, A. E.

    Penny, Sir George

    Wardlaw-Milne, J. S.

    Graham, Fergus (Cumberland, N.)

    Peters, Dr. Sidney John

    Waterhouse, Captain Charles

    Gray, Milner

    Peto, Sir Basil E. (Devon, Barnstaple)

    Wells, Sydney R.

    Greene, W. P. Crawford

    Ramsay, T. B. Wilson

    Womersley, W. J.

    Griffith, F. Kingsley (Middlesbro' W.)

    Ramsbotham, H.

    Wood, Rt. Hon. Sir Kingsley

    Gunston, Captain D. W.

    Remer, John R.

    Hacking, Rt. Hon. Douglas H.

    Roberts, Sir Samuel (Ecclesall)

    TELLERS FOR THE NOES.—

    Hannon, Patrick Joseph Henry

    Ross, Major Ronald D.

    Major the Marquess of itchfield and Sir Victor Warrender.

    Harvey, Major S. E. (Devon, Totnes)

    Russell, Alexander West (Tynemouth)

    Henderson, Capt. R. R. (Oxf'd, Henley)

    Samuel, Samuel (W'dsworth, Putney)

    Question, "That these words be there inserted," put accordingly, and agreed to.
    Major ELLIOT: I beg to move,
    "That the Chairman do report Progress and ask leave to sit again."
    We have now reached a point when the Committee is going to be asked to embark on the uncharted seas of a manuscript Amendment, not submitted from this side, but from the Government side of the House. With the whole of the Civil Service behind it, with all their advisers, Ministers have only been able to come to the conclusion as to what they wish to submit to this Committee with the last few hours, or indeed within a few minutes of actually coming down to the House. Four hours ago we suggested that we should be glad to have a discussion as briefly as possible on the important Amendment raising issues of very great importance to the ex-service men of the country, the Amendment which has just been added to the Bill. The Minister refused that arrangement and eventually closured the discussion when many Members were still anxious to speak, and when points of considerable importance to the ex-service men of the country still remained to be discussed. Even the lucid mind of the Parliamentary Secretary seemed to me to be a little blurred.
    The DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN: I would remind the hon. and gallant Member that we cannot discuss the decision of the Committee.
    Major ELLIOT: I was trying to point out that the time had arrived when the Committee should report progress and ask leave to sit again, when the acute mind of the Parliamentary Secretary had become blurred. Now it is perfectly clear that the Committee would be in a hopeless position if it were asked to consider not merely the manuscript Amendment, but manuscrift Amendments to the Amendment. The Opposition has submitted, as it has a right to do, certain manuscript Amendments to the manuscript Amendment submitted by the Minister of Health, and certainly if the Minister of Health has a right to submit not merely a manuscript Amendment but a manuscript Sub-section, the Opposition has a perfect right to submit Amendments.
    Hon. Members who sit above and below the gangway opposite find themselves, I am sure, in full agreement with me when I say that all-night sittings do not lead to legislation which is a credit to this House. [Interruption.] I have sat patiently all the evening, and if the hon. Member, for whom I have the greatest respect, desires to debate, let him come into the body of the Committee. We are always glad to have his genial presence. We are always glad to hear his voice, but even the hon. Member who has interrupted is so far exhausted that, instead of joining in debate, he can only indulge in inarticulate ejaculations. On that side of the Committee as well as on this a certain

    1955
    exhaustion has supervened, and it is time we reported progress and asked leave to sit again. We have been more than willing to fall in with the wishes of the Minister. If the Minister could suggest any means by which reasonable discussion can take place on this Measure, of course we would be willing to consider it, but it is useless for any Minister to expect to ride roughshod over the House of Commons. The closure has been moved with remorseless frequency by the Minister this evening. No such scene of persistent and shameful obstruction has taken place on this side as took place when we brought forward the Widows' Pensions Bill, which became the parent Act of which this is merely an amending Bill. It was described by right hon. Members opposite in very extreme terms. The hon. Lady, the Parliamentary Secretary, took part in the debate.
    Miss LAWRENCE: I was not in the House then.
    Major ELLIOT: I was led away by the personality of the hon. Lady the Member for East Middlesbrough (Miss Wilkinson), who sits behind the Parliamentary Secretary. For the moment she overshadowed in my mind her more famous colleague. The Committee is obviously in no fit state to discuss issues of the importance of those which are now being raised. Questions affecting the ex-service men have been raised and summarily dismissed. The Minister has a right to move the Closure and the Committee to accept it, but we are faced with a repetition of this process. We are faced with a continuation of this discussion, and if we have been, as we have, finding ourselves in difficulty with Amendments which are printed and Amendments to these Amendments which are also printed, in what state shall we be when we are asking your guidance, Mr. Chairman, on manuscript Amendments to manuscript Amendments to this Amendment? I submit that the Minister of Health is not doing even his own Bill justice; it is not doing the Committee justice; and it is certainly not doing justice to either of the Opposition parties.
    When Members have been for a long time fastening their attention upon the Clauses of an exceedingly intricate Bill, it is not fair now to embark on a new
    1956
    series of discussions on the basis of an Amendment on which the Minister himself did not decide until this afternoon, and which the Minister himself has four times corrected in his own hand. Outside the one we possess there is not a single copy in "roneo" or in print, and it is impossible for hon. Members to submit any Amendments to it. I say without hesitation that it is not possible to conduct the discussion as it ought to be conducted. It is not possible to examine these grave issues in the way in which they should be examined in justice to those people who are vitally affected by every shade of meaning of the Amendment.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: A similar Motion was moved about four hours ago. I take the hon. Gentleman's word about the time. What has transpired since has not led to such progress as would lead me willingly to accept this Motion. On the Second Heading of this Bill I explained the urgency of it; I said we were working to a time-table. Every member of the House knew that such criticisms and comments as there ought to be should have been put as briefly and concisely as possible. I am not complaining of people speaking on the Bill—far be it from me—but I have had few illustrations of any desire on the part of hon. Members opposite to help me to keep my timetable. Nobody is less anxious than I am to sit at this hour of the night. I have other duties to perform, and I should prefer to be in my bed. It is absurd for the hon. Gentleman to say I am riding roughshod over the Committee. I am not standing here with a majority of 200 behind me. I am told I am here on suffrance. If that be so, I have carried the Committee so far with me with its consent.
    What is the point at issue? The point is that the Amendment to be taken is a manuscript Amendment which is to be taken if this Amendment is not carried. A manuscript Amendment is no new thing. As hon. Members know, very substantial Amendments have been brought before the House in manuscript. The manuscript Amendment with which we have to do our best is quite simple. If hon. Members will co-operate with me, I shall be only too glad to have their co-operation in considering such manuscript Amendments to the Amendment as have already been handed in. Now we have gone so far we

    1957
    ought to make further progress. Not that I am anxious to keep Members away from their homes: but I submit that, having sat so long and achieved so little, we are entitled to ask the Committee to continue sitting to deal with the next Amendment.
    Captain GUNSTON: I rise with an easy conscience, because I have not taken up five minutes of the time of the Committee since four o'clock this afternoon. When the right hon. Gentleman suggests blame, I would have him remember that he would have had much greater progress if he had shown a more accommodating spirit. If he had accepted the Liberal Amendment which he was compelled to accept some hours before he did, he would have made much more progress than he has done. The manuscript Amendments are often introduced to meet points made by the Opposition, but I think we have a right to complain of manuscript Amendments being put in at this time of night. We have another reason for the Motion. During the last hour very disquieting new facts have come to light about ex-service men, and many of us on this side of the Committee are very worried about them. It may be necessary to move another manuscript Amendment to the right hon. Gentleman's Amendment to safeguard the rights of ex-service men's widows. It is very difficult to do that unless the back benchers can have the Amendment before them. The right hon. Gentleman is putting back benchers in a very difficult position indeed.
    Mr. BALFOUR: I ventured to enter a protest when the Minister first indicated he was to submit at this stage a manuscript Amendment. We then moved to report progress. We have got beyond that stage and carried the Amendment which was before the Committee and was on the Order Paper. We have now arrived at the stage of considering whether we should not report progress because we are brought face to face with new business before the Committee—an Amendment which we have not yet heard read from the Chair and to which we know there is a series of manuscript Amendments. I have on
    many occasions listened to debates where manuscript Amendments have been submitted to the House, but they have been manuscript Amendments resulting from the debate. This is a new experience, to have a most important Amendment which should be on the Order Paper for the business of the day, but which is handed across the Table by the Minister to the Leader of the Opposition. To expect us to consider that business is an abuse, an absolute abuse, of the privileges of back benchers on this side.
    If there is any suspicion of obstructive tactics in this Committee, where have the obstructive tactics come from? The only speeches supporting these proposals which have been heard have come from the Minister and the Parliamentary Secretary, with the exception of one speech of a few sentences. It is quite clear that the Government are receiving no assistance in this Debate from their own side. The obstruction, too, is entirely on that side of the House. As a back bench Member, I wish to enter a most emphatic protest against our being asked to push through Measures in this way and to conduct our business in this manner. The Minister gave us his reasons why we should not report Progress. His reasons were urgency and working to a time-table. The tragedy of recent legislation has been urgency and working to a time-table. For heaven's sake, let us take an extra week to get this Bill through, so that when it is finished it will be a workable Measure understanded of the people and covering all the people whom it was meant to include. I do not wish to take up the time of the Committee any further, but simply to make it clear, as a back bench Member of this Committee, that I protest most emphatically against the way the business has been conducted.
    Mr. GREENWOOD rose in his place, and claimed to move, "That the Question be now put."
    Question put, "That the Question be now put."
    The Committee divided: Ayes, 238; Noes, 79.

    Division No. 29.]

    AYES.

    [4.54 a.m.

    Adamson, Rt. Hon. w. (Fife, West)

    Ammon, Charles George

    Baldwin, Oliver (Dudley)

    Adamson, W. M. (Staff., Cannock)

    Arnott, John

    Barr, James

    Addison, Rt. Hon. Dr. Christopher

    Aske, Sir Robert

    Batey, Joseph

    Alexander, Rt. Hon. A. V. (Hillsbro')

    Ayles, Walter

    Beckett, John (Camberwell, Peckham)

    Alpass, J. H.

    Baker, John (Wolverhampton, Bilston)

    Bellamy, Albert

    Benn, Rt. Hon. Wedgwood

    Hudson, James H. (Huddersfield)

    Richards, R.

    Bennett, William (Battersea, South)

    Hunter, Dr. Joseph

    Richardson, R. (Houghton-le-Spring)

    Benson, G.

    Isaacs, George

    Riley, F. F. (Stockton-on-Tees)

    Bentham, Dr. Ethel

    Jenkins, W. (Glamorgan, Neath)

    Romeril, H. G.

    Bevan, Aneurin (Ebbw Vale)

    John, William (Rhondda, West)

    Rosbotham, D. S. T.

    Birkett, W. Norman

    Johnston, Thomas

    Rowson, Guy

    Blindell, James

    Jones, F. Llewellyn- (Flint)

    Salter, Dr. Alfred

    Bowen, J. W.

    Jones, J. J. (West Ham, Silvertown)

    Samuel, H. W. (Swansea, West)

    Broad, Francis Alfred

    Jones, Morgan (Caerphilly)

    Sanders, W. S.

    Brockway, A. Fenner

    Jones, T. I. Mardy (Pontypridd)

    Sandham, E.

    Bromfield, William

    Jowett, Rt. Hon. F. W.

    Sawyer, G. F.

    Brothers, M.

    Jowitt, Rt. Hon. Sir W. A.

    Scott, James

    Brown, C. W. E. (Notts, Mansfield)

    Kedward, R. M. (Kent, Ashford)

    Scurr, John

    Brown, Ernest (Leith)

    Kelly, W. T.

    Shakespeare, Geoffrey H.

    Brown, James (Ayr and Bute)

    Kennedy, Thomas

    Shaw, Rt. Hon. Thomas (Preston)

    Buchanan, G.

    Kinley, J.

    Shepherd, Arthur Lewis

    Burgess, F. G.

    Lang, Gordon

    Sherwood, G. H.

    Burgin, Dr. E. L.

    Lansbury, Rt. Hon. George

    Shield, George William

    Caine, Derwent Hall

    Lathan, G.

    Shiels, Dr. Drummond

    Cameron, A. G.

    Law, Albert (Bolton)

    Shillaker, J. F.

    Cape, Thomas

    Law, A. (Rosendale)

    Shinwell, E.

    Carter, W. (St. Pancras, S.W.)

    Lawrence, Susan

    Short, Alfred (Wednesbury)

    Charleton, H. C.

    Lawrie, Hugh Hartley (Stalybridge)

    Simmons, C. J.

    Chater, Daniel

    Lawson, John James

    Sinkinson, George

    Church, Major A. G.

    Lawther, W. (Barnard Castle)

    Sitch, Charles H.

    Cluse, W. S.

    Leach, W.

    Smith, Alfred (Sunderland)

    Cocks, Frederick Seymour

    Lee, Frank (Derby, N.E.)

    Smith, Ben (Bermondsey, Rotherhithe)

    Compton, Joseph

    Lee, Jennie (Lanark, Northern)

    Smith, Frank (Nuneaton)

    Daggar, George

    Lewis, T. (Southampton)

    Smith, Rennie (Penistone)

    Dallas, George

    Lindley, Fred W.

    Smith, Tom (Pontefract)

    Dalton, Hugh

    Lloyd, C. Ellis

    Smith, W. R. (Norwich)

    Davies, E. C. (Montgomery)

    Longbottom, A. W.

    Snowden, Thomas (Accrington)

    Denman, Hon. R. D.

    Longden, F.

    Sorensen, R.

    Dickson, T.

    Lunn, William

    Spero, Dr. G. E.

    Dudgeon, Major C. R.

    Macdonald, Gordon (Ince)

    Stamford, Thomas W.

    Dukes, C.

    McElwee, A.

    Stephen, Campbell

    Ede, James Chuter

    McEntee, V. L.

    Strachey, E. J. St. Loe

    Edge, Sir William

    Mackinder, W.

    Strauss, G. R.

    Edmunds, J. E.

    McKinlay, A.

    Sullivan, J.

    Edwards, C. (Monmouth, Bedwellty)

    MacLaren, Andrew

    Sutton, J. E.

    Edwards, E. (Morpeth)

    McShane, John James

    Taylor, R. A. (Lincoln)

    Elmley, Viscount

    Mansfield, W.

    Taylor, W. B. (Norfolk, S.W.)

    Foot, Isaac

    Marley, J.

    Thorne, W. (West Ham, Plaistow)

    Freeman, Peter

    Mathers, George

    Thurtle, Ernest

    Gardner, B. W. (West Ham, Upton)

    Matters, L. W.

    Tinker, John Joseph

    George, Major G. Lloyd (Pembroke)

    Messer, Fred

    Toole, Joseph

    Gibbins, Joseph

    Middleton, G.

    Tout, W. J.

    Gill, T. H.

    Mills, J. E.

    Townend, A. E.

    Glassey, A. E.

    Milner, J.

    Vaughan, D. J.

    Gossling, A. G.

    Montague, Frederick

    Walker, J.

    Gould, F.

    Morgan, Dr. H. B.

    Wallace, H. W.

    Gray, Milner

    Morley, Ralph

    Wallhead, Richard C.

    Greenwood, Rt. Hon. A. (Colne)

    Mort, D. L.

    Watkins, F. C.

    Grenfell, D. R. (Glamorgan)

    Moses, J. J. H.

    Watson, W. M. (Dunfermline)

    Griffith, F. Kingsley (Middlesbro' W.)

    Mosley, Lady C. (Stoke-on-Trent)

    Watts-Morgan, Lt.-Col. D. (Rhondda)

    Griffiths, T. (Monmouth, Pontypool)

    Mosley, Sir Oswald (Smethwick)

    Wellock, Wilfred

    Grundy, Thomas W.

    Muff, G.

    Welsh, James (Paisley)

    Hall, F. (York, W.R., Normanton)

    Murnin, Hugh

    Welsh, James C. (Coatbridge)

    Hall, G. H. (Merthyr Tydvil)

    Nathan, Major H. L.

    West, F. R.

    Hall, Capt. W. P. (Portsmouth, C.)

    Newman, Sir R. H. S. D. L. (Exeter)

    Westwood, Joseph

    Hamilton, Mary Agnes (Blackburn)

    Oldfield, J. R.

    Whiteley, Wilfrid (Birm., Ladywood)

    Hardle, George D.

    Oliver, George Harold (Ilkeston)

    Wilkinson, Ellen C.

    Haycock, A. W.

    Oliver, P. M. (Man., Blackley)

    Williams, David (Swansea, East)

    Hayday, Arthur

    Owen, Major G. (Carnarvon)

    Williams, Dr. J. H. (Llanelly)

    Hayes, John Henry

    Owen, H. F. (Hereford)

    Williams, T. (York, Don Valley)

    Henderson, Arthur, Junr. (Cardiff, S.)

    Paling, Wilfrid

    Wilson, C. H. (Sheffield, Attercliffe)

    Henderson, Thomas (Glasgow)

    Palmer, E. T.

    Wilson, J. (Oldham)

    Henderson, W. W. (Middx., Enfield)

    Parkinson, John Allen (Wigan)

    Wilson, R. J. (Jarrow)

    Herriotts, J.

    Perry, S. F.

    Winterton, G. E. (Leicester, Loughb'gh)

    Hirst, G. H. (York,W.R.,Wentworth)

    Peters, Dr. Sidney John

    Wise, E. F.

    Hirst, W. (Bradford, South)

    Phillips, Dr. Marion

    Young, R. S. (Islington, North)

    Hoffman, P. C.

    Potts, John S.

    Hollins, A.

    Price, M. P.

    TELLERS FOR THE AYES.—

    Hopkin, Daniel

    Pybus, Percy John

    Mr. Barnes and Mr. William Whitely.

    Hore-Belisha, Leslie

    Quibell, D. J. K.

    Horrabin, J. F.

    Ramsay, T. B. Wilson

    NOES.

    Acland-Troyte, Lieut.-Colonel

    Beamish, Rear-Admiral T. P. H.

    Butler, R. A.

    Allen, W. E. D. (Belfast, W.)

    Bourne, Captain Robert Croft

    Castle Stewart, Earl of

    Astor, Viscountess

    Bowyer, Captain Sir George E. W.

    Chamberlain, Rt. Hon. N. (Edgbaston)

    Balfour, George (Hampstcad)

    Bracken, B.

    Colfox, Major William Philip

    Balniel, Lord

    Bullock, Captain Malcolm

    Colville, Major D. J.

    1960

    1961

    Cranbourne, Viscount

    Hennessy, Major Sir G. R. J.

    Smithers, Waldron

    Crookshank, Cpt. H. (Lindsey, Galnsbro)

    Howard-Bury, Colonel C. K.

    Somerset, Thomas

    Culverwell, C. T. (Bristol, West)

    Hudson, Capt. A. U. M. (Hackney, N.)

    Somerville, D. G. (Willesden, East)

    Davies, Dr. Vernon

    Lamb, Sir J. Q.

    Southby, Commander A. R. J.

    Davies, Maj. Geo. F. (Somerset, Yeovil)

    MacRobert, Rt. Hon. Alexander M.

    Stanley, Lord (Fylde)

    Duckworth, G. A. V.

    Margesson, Captain H. D.

    Stanley, Maj. Hon. O. (W'morland)

    Dugdale, Capt. T. L.

    Mason, Colonel Glyn K.

    Stuart, J. C. (Moray and Nairn)

    Edmondson, Major A, J.

    Mitchell-Thomson, Rt. Hon. Sir W

    Thomas, Major L. B. (King's Norton)

    Elliot, Major Walter E.

    Morrison, W. S. (Glos., Cirencester)

    Thomson, Sir F.

    Everard, W. Lindsay

    Morrison-Bell, Sir Arthur Clive

    Todd, Capt. A. J.

    Fison, F. G. Clavering

    Muirhead, A. J.

    Tryon, Rt. Hon. George Clement

    ford, Sir P. J.

    Peto, Sir Basil E. (Devon, Barnstaple)

    Ward, Lt.-Col. A. L. (Kingston-on-Hull)

    Fremantle, Lieut.-Colonel Francis E.

    Ramsbotham, H.

    Wardlaw-Milne, J. S.

    Ganzoni, Sir John

    Remer, John R.

    Warrender, Sir Victor

    Gilmour, Lt.-Col. Rt. Hon. Sir John

    Roberts, Sir Samuel (Ecclesail)

    Waterhouse, Captain Charles

    Graham, Fergus (Cumberland, N.)

    Ross, Major Ronald D.

    Wells, Sydney R.

    Greene, W. P. Crawford

    Russell, Alexander West (Tynemouth)

    Womersley, W. J.

    Gunston, Captain D. W.

    Samuel, Samuel (W'dsworth, Putney)

    Wood, Rt. Hon. Sir Kingsley

    Hacking, Rt. Hon. Douglas H.

    Sandeman, Sir N. Stewart

    Hannon, Patrick Joseph Henry

    Savery, S. S.

    TELLERS FOR THE NOES.—

    Harvey, Major S. E. (Devon, Totnes)

    Skelton, A. N.

    Sir George Penny and Major the Marquess of Titchfield.

    Henderson, Capt. R. n. (Oxf'd, Henley)

    Smith, Louis W. (Sheffield, Hallam)

    Heneage, Lieut.-Colonel Arthur P.

    Smith-Carington, Neville W.

    Question put accordingly, "That the Chairman do report Progress and ask leave to sit again."
    The Committee divided: Ayes, 79; Noes, 238.

    Division No. 30.]

    AYES.

    [5.4 a.m.

    Acland-Troyte, Lieut.-Colonel

    Ganzoni, Sir John

    Sandeman, Sir N. Stewart

    Allen, W. E. D. (Belfast, W.)

    Gilmour, Lt.-Col. Rt. Hon. Sir John

    Savery, S. S.

    Astor, Viscountess

    Graham, Fergus (Cumberland, N.)

    Skelton, A. N.

    Balfour, George (Hampstead)

    Greene, W. P. Crawford

    Smith, Louis W. (Sheffield, Hailam)

    Balniel, Lord

    Gunston, Captain D. W.

    Smith-Carington, Neville W.

    Beamish, Rear-Admiral T. P. H.

    Hacking, Rt. Hon. Douglas H.

    Smithers, Waldron

    Bourne, Captain Robert Croft

    Hannon, Patrick Joseph Henry

    Somerset, Thomas

    Bowyer, Captain Sir George E. W.

    Harvey, Major S. E. (Devon, Totnes)

    Somerville, D. G. (Willesden, East)

    Bracken, B.

    Henderson, Capt. R. R. (Oxf'd, Henley)

    Southby, Commander A. R. J.

    Bullock, Captain Malcolm

    Heneage, Lieut.-Colonel Arthur P.

    Stanley, Lord (Fylde)

    Butler, R. A.

    Hennessy, Major Sir G. R. J.

    Stanley, Maj. Hon. O. (W'morland)

    Castle Stewart, Earl of

    Howard-Bury, Colonel C. K.

    Stuart, J. C. (Moray and Nairn)

    Chamberlain, Rt. Hon. N. (Edgbaston)

    Hudson, Capt. A. U. M. (Hackney, N.)

    Thomas, Major L. B. (King's Norton)

    Colfox, Major William Philip

    Lamb, Sir J. Q.

    Thomson, Sir F.

    Colville, Major D. J.

    MacRobert, Rt. Hon. Alexander M.

    Titchfield, Major the Marquess of

    Cranbourne, Viscount

    Margesson, Captain H. D.

    Todd, Capt. A. J.

    Crookshank, Cpt. H. (Lindsey, Gainsbro)

    Mason, Colonel Glyn K.

    Tryon, Rt. Hon. George Clement

    Cuiverwell, C. T. (Bristol, West)

    Mitchell-Thomson, Rt. Hon. Sir W.

    Ward, Lt.-Col. A.L. (Kingston-on-Hull)

    Davies, Dr. Vernon

    Morrison, W. S. (Glos., Cirencester)

    Wardlaw-Milne, J. S.

    Davies, Maj. Geo. F. (Somerset, Yeovil)

    Morrison-Bell, Sir Arthur Clive

    Waterhouse, Captain Charles

    Duckworth. G. A. V.

    Muirhead, A. J.

    Wells, Sydney R.

    Dugdale, Capt. T. L.

    Peto, Sir Basil E. (Devon, Barnstaple)

    Womersley, W. J.

    Edmondson, Major A. J.

    Ramsbotham, H.

    Wood, Rt. Hon. Sir Kingsley

    Elliot, Major Walter E.

    Remer, John R.

    Everard, W. Lindsay

    Roberts, Sir Samuel (Ecclesail)

    TELLERS FOR THE AYES.—

    Fison, F. G. Clavering

    Ross, Major Ronald D.

    Sir George Penny and Sir Victor Warrender.

    Ford, Sir P. J.

    Russell, Alexander West (Tynemouth)

    Fremantle, Lieut.-Colonel Francis E.

    Samuel, Samuel (W'dsworth, Putney)

    NOES.

    Adamson, Rt. Hon. W. (Fife, West)

    Blindell, James

    Compton, Joseph

    Adamson, W. M. (Staff., Cannock)

    Bowen, J. W.

    Daggar, George

    Addison, Rt. Hon. Dr. Christopher

    Broad, Francis Alfred

    Dallas, George

    Alexander, Rt. Hon. A. V. (Hillsbro')

    Brockway, A. Fenner

    Dalton, Hugh

    Alpass, J. H.

    Bromfield, William

    Davies, E. C. (Montgomery)

    Ammon, Charles George

    Brothers, M.

    Denman, Hon. R. D.

    Arnott, John

    Brown, C. W. E. (Notts. Mansfield)

    Dickson, T.

    Aske, Sir Robert

    Brown, Ernest (Leith)

    Dudgeon, Major C. R.

    Ayles, Walter

    Brown, James (Ayr and Bute)

    Dukes, C.

    Baker, John (Wolverhampton, Bilston)

    Buchanan, G.

    Ede, James Chuter

    Baldwin, Oliver (Dudley)

    Burgess, F. G.

    Edge, Sir William

    Barr, James

    Burgin, Dr. E, L.

    Edmunds, J. E.

    Batey, Joseph

    Caine, Derwent Hall

    Edwards, C. (Monmouth, Bedwellty)

    Beckett, John (Camberwell, Peckham)

    Cameron, A. G.

    Edwards, E. (Morpeth)

    Bellamy, Albert

    Cape, Thomas

    Elmley, Viscount

    Benn. Rt. Hon. Wedgwood

    Carter, W. (St. Pancras, S.W.)

    Foot, Isaac

    Bennett, William (Battersea, South)

    Charleton, H. C.

    Freeman, Peter

    Benson, G.

    Chater, Daniel

    Gardner, B. W. (West Ham, Upton)

    Bentham, Dr. Ethel

    Church, Major A. G.

    George, Major G. Lloyd (Pembroke)

    Bevan, Aneurin (Ebbw Vale)

    Cluse, W. S.

    Gibbins, Joseph

    Birkett, W. Norman

    Cocks, Frederick Seymour

    Gill, T. H.

    Glassey, A. E.

    Longden, F.

    Sherwood, G. H.

    Gossling, A. G.

    Lunn, William

    Shield, George William

    Gould, F.

    Macdonald, Gordon (Ince)

    Shiels, Dr. Drummond

    Gray, Milner

    McElwee, A.

    Shillaker, J. F.

    Greenwood, Rt. Hon. A. (Colne)

    McEntee, V. L.

    Shinwell, E.

    Grenfell, D. R. (Glamorgan)

    Mackinder, W.

    Short, Alfred (Wednesbury)

    Griffith, F. Kingsley (Middlesbro' W.)

    McKinlay, A.

    Simmons, C. J.

    Griffiths, T. (Monmouth, Pontypool)

    MacLaren, Andrew

    Sinkinson, George

    Grundy, Thomas W.

    McShane, John James

    Sitch, Charles H.

    Hall, F. (York, W.R., Normanton)

    Mansfield, W.

    Smith, Alfred (Sunderland)

    Hall, G. H. (Merthyr Tydvil)

    Marley, J.

    Smith, Ben (Bermondsey, Rotherhithe)

    Hall, Capt. W. p. (Portsmouth, C.)

    Mathers, George

    Smith, Frank (Nuneaton)

    Hamilton, Mary Agnes (Blackburn)

    Matters, L. W.

    Smith, Rennie (Penistone)

    Hardie, George D.

    Messer, Fred

    Smith, Tom (Pontefract)

    Haycock, A. W.

    Middleton, G.

    Smith, W. R. (Norwich)

    Hayday, Arthur

    Mills, J. E.

    Snowden, Thomas (Accrington)

    Hayes, John Henry

    Milner, J.

    Sorensen, R.

    Henderson, Arthur, Junr. (Cardiff, S.)

    Montague, Frederick

    Spero, Dr. G. E.

    Henderson, Thomas (Glasgow)

    Morgan, Dr. H. B.

    Stamford, Thomas W.

    Henderson, W. W. (Middx., Enfield)

    Morley, Ralph

    Stephen, Campbell

    Herriotts, J.

    Mort, D. L.

    Strachey, E. J. St. Loe

    Hirst, G. H. (York, W.R.,Wentworth)

    Moses, J. J. H.

    Strauss, G. R.

    Hirst, W. (Bradford, South)

    Mosley, Lady C. (Stoke-on-Trent)

    Sullivan, J.

    Hoffman, P. C.

    Mosley, Sir Oswald (Smethwick)

    Sutton, J. E.

    Hollins, A.

    Muff, G.

    Taylor R. A. (Lincoln)

    Hopkin, Daniel

    Murnin, Hugh

    Taylor, W. B. (Norfolk, S.W.)

    Hore-Belisha, Leslie

    Nathan, Major H L.

    Thorne, W. (West Ham, Plaistow)

    Horrabin, J. F.

    Newman, Sir R. H. S. D. L. (Exeter)

    Thurtle, Ernest

    Hudson, James H. (Huddersfield)

    Oldfield, J. R.

    Tinker, John Joseph

    Hunter, Dr. Joseph

    Oliver, George Harold (Ilkeston)

    Toole, Joseph

    Isaacs, George

    Oliver, P. M. (Man., Blackley)

    Tout, W. J.

    Jenkins, W. (Glamorgan, Neath)

    Owen, Major G. (Carnarvon)

    Townend, A. E.

    John, William (Rhondda, West)

    Owen, H. F. (Hereford)

    Vaughan, D. J.

    Johnston, Thomas

    Paling, Wilfrid

    Walker, J.

    Jones, F. Llewellyn- (Flint)

    Palmer, E. T.

    Wallace, H. W.

    Jones, J. J. (West Ham, Silvartown)

    Parkinson, John Allen (Wigan)

    Wallhead, Richard C.

    Jones, Morgan (Caerphilly)

    Perry, S. F.

    Watkins, F. C.

    Jones, T. I. Mardy (Pontypridd)

    Peters, Dr. Sidney John

    Watson, W. M. (Dunfermline)

    Jowett, Rt. Hon. F. W.

    Phillips, Dr. Marlon

    Watts-Morgan, Lt.-Col. D. (Rhondda)

    Jowitt, Rt. Hon. Sir W. A.

    Potts, John S.

    Wellock, Wilfred

    Kedward, R. M. (Kent, Ashford)

    Price, M. P.

    Welsh, James (Paisley)

    Kelly, W. T.

    Pybus, Percy John

    Welsh, James C. (Coatbridge)

    Kennedy, Thomas

    Quibell, D. J. K.

    West, F. R.

    Kinley, J.

    Ramsay, T. B. Wilson

    Westwood, Joseph

    Lang, Gordon

    Richards, R.

    Whiteley, Wilfrid (Birm., Ladywood)

    Lansbury, Rt. Hon. George

    Richardson, R. (Houghton-le-Spring)

    Wilkinson, Ellen C.

    Lathan, G.

    Riley, F. F. (Stockton-on-Tees)

    Williams, David (Swansea, East)

    Law, Albert (Bolton)

    Romeril, H. G.

    Williams, Dr. J. H. (Llanelly)

    Law, A. (Rosendale)

    Rosbotham, D. S. T.

    Williams, T. (York, Don Valley)

    Lawrence, Susan

    Rowson, Guy

    Wilson, C. H. (Sheffield, Attercliffe)

    Lawrie, Hugh Hartley (Stalybridge)

    Salter, Dr. Alfred

    Wilson, J. (Oldham)

    Lawson, John James

    Samuel, H. W. (Swansea, West)

    Wilson, R. J. (Jarrow)

    Lawther, W. (Barnard Castle)

    Sanders, W. S.

    Winterton, G. E. (Leicester, Loughb'gh)

    Leach, W.

    Sandham, E.

    Wise, E. F.

    Lee, Frank (Derby, N.E.)

    Sawyer, G. F.

    Young, R. S. (Islington, North)

    Lee, Jennie (Lanark, Northern)

    Scott, James

    Lewis, T. (Southampton)

    Scurr, John

    TELLERS FOR THE NOES.—

    Lindley, Fred W.

    Shakespeare, Geoffrey H.

    Mr. Barnes and Mr. William Whiteley.

    Lloyd, C. Ellis

    Shaw, Rt. Hon. Thomas (Preston)

    Longbottom, A. W.

    Shepherd, Arthur Lewis

    Mr. GREENWOOD: I beg to move, in page 2, line 11, after the words last inserted, to insert the words:
    "(iv) that having joined the Naval or Military Forces of the Crown for temporary service only in connection with any war previous to the late War, he served during that War as a man of those Forces for a period of not less than two years and died within three years of the termination of that period; or."
    I cannot imagine a more clearly expressed Amendment.
    HON. MEMBERS: Read it again.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: Certainly. I want hon. Members to understand it.
    "(iv) that having; joined the Naval and Military Forces—"
    Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: Excuse me, but the copy handed to me says:
    "having joined the Naval or Military Forces of the Crown."
    The one which the right hon. Gentleman has just read out said:
    "having joined the Naval and Military Forces of the Crown."
    I would like to be clear that it is the same Amendment.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: That was my mistake. This is an attempt to bring into the scope of the Bill those who served in

    1965
    wars prior to the late War—people of similar classes and categories. The words "for temporary service only" are included because the professional soldier is already dealt with, and this is to deal with the same kind of people as those with whom we have already dealt in the case of the late War—of the man, for instance, who was not a professional soldier, but who volunteered during, say, the Boer War. The end of the Amendment follows pretty much the arrangements of the principal Act, that is, it applies to those persons who served with the forces for a period of not less than two years and died within three years of the termination of that period. We have already dealt with, and agreed to, an Amendment dealing with much the same kind of people who served in the late War, and, in spite of this threatened flood of manuscript Amendments, I cannot think that the Committee will seriously disagree with this Amendment. It is an attempt to express the ideas proclaimed in Amendments such as those submitted by the hon. Member for Barnstaple (Sir B. Peto), and I hope, therefore, that the Committee will, with its present sweet reasonableness, be prepared to accept this Amendment without threatening us with the manifold manuscript Amendments to manuscript Amendments with which we were threatened by the hon. Member for Kelvingrove (Major Elliot).
    Mr. HORE-BELISHA: I want to put, very briefly and quite formally, the point that has been raised with great force on several occasions and to which the Minister absolutely refuses to refer in his reply. If this Amendment were not moved, is it not a fact that these sailors and soldiers who served in some previous war would come in under Sub-section (2) of this section because they would have been in an occupation which was at some time within the said period an employment in respect of which contributions under the principal Act would have been paid. Is it not a fact that from the moment they joined the forces they were deemed to be insured persons? If that is so, there is no qualification placed on them, outside of this Amendment, of having to be in the forces for two years. Why move this Amendment except for the purpose of placing an additional qualication on these men? Do they come
    1966
    under the Sub-section or do they not? If they do not, we shall have to accept the Amendment.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: Under the 1925 Act provision was made for people who served in the late War, but there is nothing in our legislation now to protect the people who served in earlier wars, though as a matter of fact, if they were professional soldiers and part of the regular Army, they would be of the insurable class and would come into the second category mentioned on the top of page 2. But the case which it is intended to cover is not the case of those people who would be covered under Subsection (2), but people such as the man in the City office who joined the C.I.V. during the Boer war and whose widow would not, as the Bill stands now, be eligible for a pension. We are not restricting but actually making a pension available for more people by making this scheme apply to earlier wars, as it does to the late War.
    Major G. DAVIES: I have handed in a manuscript Amendment. I confess that in common with most Members of the Committee I am labouring under a considerable disadvantage in not having received from the Minister a copy of the Amendment which he is putting forward and I should like to know when my Amendment will be taken.
    The CHAIRMAN: I will call upon the hon. and gallant Member later.
    Major NATHAN: On the occasion of the last Amendment I put a question in two different forms which the Minister omitted to answer—I imagine through inadvertence. I now wish to ask a question to which I hope I may receive an answer. I understand that the professional soldiers come within the purview of the Act irrespective of this Amendment altogether. The object of this Amendment is to bring within the Act those who joined for temporary service only, but there is a third class deserving of the sympathy of this Committee—a class composed neither of professional soldiers, nor of those who joined for temporary service only. I refer to the volunteer who was under a permanent enlistment. He joined the forces for an indefinite period and, if called upon for foreign service, would be called up not for temporary service

    1967
    but for permanent service as a volunteer. I should like to know whether I am correct in my interpretation that he comes under the Act or, if he does not, that the Minister will modify the terms of the Amendment so as to include the volunteer.
    Captain GUNSTON: I should like to put in a word for the old militia. I want to know whether the old militiaman will be included in this Bill or in this Amendment. After all, he is a man who gave voluntary service before the Territorials were built up and we owe a debt of gratitude to him. He was not a volunteer but more or less a Regular soldier. I want to raise another point in regard to the two years' period. This Amendment does not relieve my anxiety. Do I understand that if a man served for 23 months in the South African war and then went into some uninsurable occupation and died within three years, his widow will not be entitled to a pension? We were told a little earlier in the evening that it was right to give a pension in respect of a man who had gone into an insurable occupation, it might be only for a week or a month. I think it raises a very big issue. I am surprised that we have not the help of the Liberal party in this matter. It is our duty to safeguard the ex-service man. I hope the hon. Lady will be reasonable and accept some Amendment to safeguard the position of ex-service men whether militiamen, or C.I.V. men or men of any other sort.
    Mr. SHAKESPEARE: I am afraid that even at this advanced hour we must occupy some time in trying to safeguard the interests of the ex-service man. Take the case of the widow of a man who was killed in an Indian skirmish in 1845. I should like to know if she would come under the Act?
    Lieut.-Colonel HENEAGE: I think the Committee will agree that the more the Government try to alter this Bill the more hard cases appear to arise. There is the question of the Royal Defence Corps. It is extremely hard to know, without the Amendment before us, when the qualifying period begins. There is also the question of the women who served—[Interruption].
    Mr. SKELTON: On a point of Order. May I suggest that even at this hour of the morning some attempt should be made to keep order.
    Mr. WALLHEAD: On a point of Order. Is the hon. and gallant Member attempting to include the widows of "Waacs"?
    The DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN: With regard to the first point of Order, I wish to say that it would be far more convenient for the Chair if one could hear the speakers, and hon. Members should assist in this matter.
    Mr. BUCHANAN: On a point of Order. Is it in order for an hon. Member to reflect on the conduct of the Chair by stating that some attempt ought to be made to keep order? That is a reflection on the conduct of the Chair. Is it in order?
    Sir P. FORD: On that point of Order. Was not the suggestion rather that the Committee must co-operate with the Chair in keeping order?
    Mr. SKELTON: That was the impression I intended to convey. If I gave any other impression I most certainly withdraw and apologise.
    Lieut.-Colonel HENEAGE: I was referring to women who served in the, forces, and I want to stress the point.
    Mr. WALLHEAD: On a point of Order. I want to know whether it is competent for the hon. and gallant Member to bring into question all these additional widows of the women who—[Interruption]. I want to know whether these widows are included in the Bill financially.
    The DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN: I do not gather what the hon. Member has in mind.
    Miss LAWRENCE: We are now dealing solely with the question of widows and we cannot include the question of women who served in the War.
    Lieut.-Colonel HENEAGE: May I point out that a great many of the women who served in the War were widows.
    The DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN: The hon. Member is out of order in discussing any but widows.
    Captain GUNSTON: May I point out that we have not been provided with copies of the Amendment.
    The DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN: I have read the Amendment from the chair, and assume that each Member has listened to it and therefore knows what we are discussing. I ask hon. Members, even though I do give a certain amount of latitude at this hour of the morning, not to forget the dignity of this House.
    Lieut.-Colonel HENEAGE: I was discussing those widows who actually served in the forces in the War. While a good many widows did not serve in the war—
    The DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN: The hon. Member is repeating himself. Unless he keeps himself more strictly to the Amendment before the Committee I must ask him to resume his seat.
    Lieut.-Colonel HENEAGE: The point I want to make is that those women who served in the forces and who were married and who afterwards became widows are entitled to pensions, if they have qualified according to the terms of the Amendment, which has been moved by the Minister of Health. I want to know whether these women, who were nurses and who served in other capacities are included in this Amendment or not. Are women who served and whose husbands were not soldiers included or are they not?
    Miss LAWRENCE: I shall observe your exhortation, Sir, and should respect the dignity of the House in every way. This is not an assembly of schoolchildren. [An hon. Member: "Nor of schoolmistresses."] The task we are engaged on is a very important one and a task which is becoming doubly important. We do not want the time of the Committee to be wasted.
    Captain WATERHOUSE: On a point of order. Is it in order for the right hon. Lady to give us a small lecture?
    Miss LAWRENCE: The volunteers are the people who will be covered by this Amendment. The militia are in exactly the same position as the volunteers.
    There are not very many people covered by this Amendment. The Boer war is now a long way behind us, and the earlier wars may have left one or two widows and we may possibly even be
    1970
    benefiting one or two widows of the Crimean War. With regard to contributions, it is perfectly true that people who fall just outside will be exactly like people who fall just outside the limits of the 1925 Act, and of the Insurance Acts. All those Acts prescribe a minimum of contributions and of insurance period, and we must draw a line. The line which has been drawn in the whole series of insurance Acts, or in this Bill, will, of course, leave a few people outside. This Bill deals with certain grievances, and this Amendment is put down in order to cover all the material points of the other Amendments which have been put down. We are taking the volunteers in all previous wars. We have omitted the air service because, obviously, we had not to deal with air combatants in any previous war, but this Amendment will help a considerable number of persons who would otherwise be left out. Some Members are still unhappy in regard to Section 44 (5) of the 1925 Act. That Section only applies to people who served in the late War. This Amendment is in no sense a restrictive Amendment.
    Sir W. MITCHELL-THOMSON: I willingly observe what the hon. Lady said at the outset. I remember well sitting on the Front Bench opposite when the previous Pensions Act was going through, and I remember hearing long speeches about the injustice of the Act. Whatever be the intentions of the Government it becomes evident from these discussions that, do as they will, they cannot avoid injustices. I really think that in this Amendment there is lurking quite a considerable injustice to the militia and to the yeomanry. I will explain why I think so. I agree that the regular professional soldier is covered in Subsection (2). It is also quite plain that the volunteer who joined, say, the C.I.V. in the South African war is provided for in the Government Amendment, because he, too, joined "the naval or military forces of the Crown for temporary service only." But the militia and the yeomanry fall within neither of these categories. They were neither professional soldiers whose normal occupation could be said to bring them within Subsection (2) nor were they people who joined for temporary service only. If the hon. Lady had said that the militia came in under Sub-section (2) I should

    1971
    have agreed that the point does not arise. But she distinctly said that the militia and the yeomanry do not come under Sub-section (2) but come in under this Amendment of the Government. But I would point out that all that this Amendment of the Government does is to bring in men who joined for temporary purposes only. I agree that volunteers are covered, but I do not think the militia and yeomanry are covered.
    Mr. SULLIVAN: Were they liable for foreign service?
    Sir W. MITCHELL-THOMSON: Yes.
    Mr. SULLIVAN: They would not.
    Mr. WALLHEAD: I wish to make clear this point as to the volunteer. I suppose that, ordinarily, my widow would be left outside the purview of this Bill, but if the volunteer were brought in my wife would come in because I was a volunteer for six years before and during the period of the Boer War, and following it for six years?
    Mr. WARDLAW-MILNE: In this Clause there appear the words "for temporary service only." I would like to ask the hon. Lady whether there is any legal definition of what that term is, otherwise it appears to me serious difficulties may arise if this Amendment is carried, because it is not clear that there is a definition in law of "temporary service." It is not only a definition of "temporary service" to-day that is required, but of what temporary service was 30 years ago. I earnestly ask whether the definition is sufficiently clear, or whether it is not necessary to put in words to make certain what "temporary service" is. In the main Clause moved by the Minister there are no such words as "temporary service" at all.
    The DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN: There are quite a number of Amendments, and the question of temporary service is among them. I, therefore, think that we should take them at this stage in the debate.
    Miss LAWRENCE: I should prefer to come to the Amendments on which all these points arise.
    Mr. STANLEY: We have no knowledge of these Amendments, and I do not know whether the points are covered by them.
    The DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN: What I suggest is that we should take the Amendments to the proposed Amendment and if any point is not dealt with in them, the question could be argued when the principal Amendment is put to the Committee.
    Sir B. PETO: Do I understand that we shall have an opportunity of discussing the Government Amendment after the manuscript Amendments to the Government Amendments are disposed of, because I want to raise a point which will not be dealt with in any Amendment?
    Captain CROOKSHANK: May I ask the hon. Lady a question? I am quite certain her answer will make an enormous difference.
    The DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN: I think the general wish of the House is that the-Question should be now taken.
    Captain CROOKSHANK: I will ask you the question, Sir, and you can judge between me and the hon. Lady.
    The DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN: The hon. and gallant Member is in possession of the Committee, but I suggest, for the convenience of the Committee, that the point which he is raising is also raised in an Amendment. It may be advisable to go on with the Amendments and clear them out of the way. If any question remains unsettled it might be raised when the new Amendment proposed by the Minister of Health is again before the Committee.
    Mr. WARDLAW-MILNE: I am perfectly willing to accept your statement that this point comes under an Amendment and that I may raise the point when that Amendment comes up.
    Mr. REMER: Would it be possible, as a matter of convenience, for you, Sir, to state what Amendments you propose to call.
    The DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN: I will call upon the first Amendment.
    Major DAVIES: I beg to move, as an Amendment to the proposed Amendment, in line 1, to leave out the word "joined," and to insert instead thereof the words "enlisted in."
    It is quite obvious that we are suffering from some of the disadvantages

    1973
    which we foresaw in dealing with an Amendment which was first read to us by the Minister and afterwards by you, Sir. I have succeeded in obtaining a copy for the sake of greater accuracy and for the benefit of Members who have not even got manuscript copies. I will state that the Amendment begins with the words:
    "Having joined the naval and military forces of the Crown for temporary service,"
    Some of the Amendments brought forward make me hesitate to bring forward something so trivial as a verbal alteration. I would like to suggest to the hon. Lady that she should omit the word "joined" and substitute the words "enlisted in." Anyone who reads the Amendment will find that it gets into verbal difficulties by the use of the quite unofficial term "man," because it seeks to combine the members of the Navy and Army who are not commissioned. We have some rather curious expressions in this Amendment. Obviously it is not intended to include commissioned officers. The phrase "joined" is an unmilitary one so far as I am aware, although it has become common. The usual phrase is "enlisted in." This proposal deals with enlisted men and warrant officers—although it is not clear—and non-commissioned officers, and not the commissioned ranks. This raises the whole issue, and I suggest that the hon. Lady should accept my Amendment.
    Mr. STANLEY: The term used is "a man having joined the forces for temporary service only"—for service in connection with any war.
    The DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN: There are other Amendments to the proposed Amendment to be called.
    Captain CROOKSHANK: I wish to find out whether there is anybody at all concerned with this provision. If there is, then such persons would have to be enlisted in accordance with the terms of my hon. and gallant Friend's Amendment. But are there any figures to show that anybody at all will come within the Sub-section?
    The DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN: The Amendment now before the Committee is to omit the word "joined," and to substitute the words "enlisted in." That is the only question before the Committee at the moment.
    Sir P. FORD: It might facilitate this discussion if you, Sir, would read out to us the manuscript Amendments which have been put in. If they were read out we would be in a better position to know where there is overlapping in the questions raised.
    Mr. BALFOUR: On a point of Order. I have been here a considerable time, and I have no Paper before me giving me any information.
    The DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN: That is not a point of Order. However inconvenient it may be to have manuscript Amendments put in they are quite in Order when the House is in Committee.
    Captain CROOKSHANK: On a point of Order. I think I was in possession of the Committee when I gave way.
    The DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN: I informed the hon. and gallant Member that he cannot raise his point on this particular Amendment.
    Captain CROOKSHANK: Exactly, and I was proceeding to deal with the Amendment.
    6.0 a.m.
    Miss LAWRENCE: The word "enlisted" is singularly inappropriate, because it applies to the professional soldier. He is the only person who enlists. The militia men are called up or join; the volunteers are called up or join. The word "enlisted" would be entirely inappropriate to volunteers. It is confined, as indeed hon. Members who belong to the Army ought to know, to the professional soldiers who come under Section 182. I cannot therefore accept the word "enlistment."
    Mr. STANLEY: I should like to ask the hon. Lady a question and I do so without any intention of obstruction. We may find that a mistake has been made. This Amendment definitely says that a man must join a naval or a military force for the purpose of the war and that means that he must join it either in contemplation of a war or actually join during the war. Take the case nut by an hon. Member below the Gangway of a man who was a volunteer two years before the Boer war and continued to be a volunteer during the war. As he had been in the volunteers two years before the war, it could not be said

    1975
    that he joined the force for the purposes of any war and he would be excluded. I submit that that is an important point and that, if I am right, a large number of men are omitted from this Bill whom it is intended to include. I hope the hon. Lady will tell me if I am wrong or, if I am right and if some mistake has been made, that she will give me some assurance that the matter will be looked into before the Report stage and some correction made.
    Miss LAWRENCE rose in her place, and claimed to move, "That the Question be now put," but the CHAIRMAN withheld his assent, and declined then to put that Question.
    Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: On a point of Order. I understood that the business before the Committee before my hon. Friend rose just now was the Amendment to substitute the words "enlisted in" for the word "joined." As I understand it, it was a point concerning the Amendment as a whole and not the particular Amendment before the Committee. Your predecessor had laid it down that we were first to discuss the manuscript Amendments to the manuscript Amendment and afterwards we would have an opportunity of discussing any point in the manuscript Amendment itself which had not been touched in the manuscript Amendments to it. Is the right time to discuss these matters after the manuscript Amendments to the manuscript Amendment have been disposed of?
    Major DAVIES: In view of the explanation of the Parliamentary Secretary I beg leave to withdraw my Amendment to the proposed Amendment.
    Amendment to proposed Amendment, by leave, withdrawn.
    Lieut.-Colonel ACLAND-TROYTE: I beg to move, as an Amendment to the proposed Amendment, in line 2, to leave out the word "temporary."
    When this Amendment was first brought forward in manuscript by the right hon. Gentleman it was very hard to understand what it meant. Two points struck me. One was the time limit and the other was that only temporary service counted. It looked to me as if the regular soldier were to be barred altogether.
    Mr. REMER: I have handed in an Amendment which comes I think on the line before this one.
    The CHAIRMAN: This is the Amendment which I have called.
    Lieut.-Colonel ACLAND-TROYTE: I put down the Amendment and both the Minister and the Parliamentary Secretary have already explained to me that the regular Army are already covered in another Clause. My Amendment was to take out the word "temporary" and though I am satisfied with what has been said on this occasion, I formally move the Amendment as other members wish to discuss it.
    Mr. WARDLAW-MILNE: Has not the question of temporary service and its meaning been left for discussion on the general Amendment? If so my hon. and gallant Friend need not move this Amendment on my account.
    Captain CROOKSHANK: Perhaps I can ask at this stage the question which I endeavoured to ask previously. The question is whether temporary or ordinary service could cover the case of these widows. I should like to ask the right hon. Gentleman whether as a matter of fact there is anybody concerned at all. The hon. Member has moved to leave out "temporary" to allow the widows of those men who served for two years to get pensions. I take the opportunity, in supporting the amendment, of asking the Minister whether, if he leaves "temporary" in, there will be anybody covered by this Sub-section at all. I ask the question for this reason. Is this a question of pre-war wars, if one may use such an expression—wars before the great war—because it does make a difference as to whether we are discussing someone who exists or not? If you leave in "temporary," the other qualification must be that they must have had two years' service. I should like to ask what wars he has in mind. The hon. Lady did say something about three or four people whose husbands had served in the Crimea. I rather doubt whether she is right. At the time of the Crimean war there were in fact no temporary soldiers. All those who went out there were on the regular establishment. [Interruption.]
    The CHAIRMAN: I must make an appeal to hon. Members below the gangway to allow the hon. and gallant Member to proceed with his argument.
    Captain CROOKSHANK: There cannot be more than a handful of people concerned. I cannot call to mind any war having volunteers who were employed for two years on temporary service. My recollection about the South African War, or rather what I have read about it, was that the volunteers—and that is not using the volunteers in the technical sense—went out in a temporary capacity. They were only taken on for periods of 12 months at a time; they did not stay till the end. I should like to know whether anybody at all is concerned with temporary service for two years. I support the Amendment.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: A good deal of what the hon. and gallant Member has said might well have been put to the right hon. Gentleman the Member for Edgbaston (Mr. Chamberlain), who himself had an Amendment down to delete the words "during the late war," presumably on the supposition that there were such people employed.
    Lieut.-Colonel HENEAGE: On a point of Order. I wish to draw attention to what the Minister has just said, which fully bears out our contention.
    The CHAIRMAN: That is not a point of Order.
    Captain CROOKSHANK: I intended to ask my right hon. Friend that question when he moved his Amendment.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: I am asked who are the people who will benefit by this Clause. I must clearly wait and see the applications that are received. I am not going to say that there was anybody in the Crimea who was not outside the category of regular troops whose widows might be still alive. I imagine hon. Members opposite know full well that there must be quite a substantial number of people who served during the Boer War for the whole period of two years.
    Captain CROOKSHANK: Not temporarily.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: I submit that there are for our purposes two categories
    1978
    of serving soldiers—those who are professional soldiers and covered by the Bill, and those who were not professional soldiers, but who entered the Army temporarily—however long the period may be is not really of much consideration—but who entered the Army and were outside the ranks of the professional soldier. We are trying to deal with them. If I am asked how many there are, I say quite frankly, as other Ministers have had to say in similar circumstances, that I do not know. I do know that the Financial Resolution covers the amount, whatever it may be. The Amendment which has been moved by the hon. and gallant Member is to take out the word "temporary." The Clause would then read:
    "that having joined the Naval or Military Forces of the Crown for service only in connection with any war previous to the late War,"
    and so on. I am afraid that with that deletion the Amendment would not read. What the Committee has to keep in its mind is to draw a distinction between the serving soldier and the people who come into service during some war temporarily who are outside Insurance Acts.
    Mr. WARDLAW-MILNE: The right hon. Gentleman was not here when I raised this point before, and in view of the fact that my hon. Friend has moved this Amendment, I must ask him to bear with me if I suggest that this point of temporary service is not yet clear. I asked the Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Health whether there was any legal definition of the words "temporary service" because, otherwise, it appears to me that we shall get into a great difficulty over this matter. In the main Amendment the use of the words "temporary service" does not appear. Will the right hon. Gentleman consider whether it would not be better to leave out these words unless there is a definite legal definition of what temporary service means? It is not only a question of to-day or of the late war, but it may be a question of 30 years ago. I suggest, therefore, that it would be far better to leave out these words, even if it means a slight adjustment of the wording elsewhere.
    Major NATHAN: I think that the Minister misapprehends the facts and that that is shown by the form of the Amendment he has presented in manu-

    1979
    script. I wish to refer to the remarks made by the hon. and gallant Member for Gainsborough (Captain Crookshank). He assumed, as this Amendment also assumes, that the Army consists, for the purpose of this Amendment, of professional soldiers and those who join the Army for a temporary service, a specific war. But, to use the phrase which a very distinguished Member of this House, Mr. Asquith, once used, the dichotomy is not exact. There is a large class of soldiers who come within neither category, neither professional soldiers nor those who joined the Army for temporary service—the Volunteers, including Yeomanry and Militia who were permanent members of H.M. Forces and must have been embodied for the purposes of serving, for example, in the South African war. This Amendment is addressed to bodies like the C.I.V. and the Imperial Yeomanry, which were ad hoc units formed for the express purpose of the South African war. They had their origin in that war and came to an end with the war. There were a very large number of volunteers—a battalion to which I belonged was one of them, and I served with them—who went out either as companies or battalions and are wholly excluded from the operation of this Amendment. I do not believe that that is the intention of the Government. It would be an absurd situation if those who joined in the emergency, and for the purpose of the emergency only, should he at an advantage in relation to those who had undertaken responsibilities in time of peace and implemented their undertaking when the emergency arose. I cannot believe that that is the intention of the Government. This question did not arise on the previous Amendment, because that covered Territorials, Army Reserve and Yeomanry. That is not the situation here, and I would urge the Minister to carry out in the terms of his Amendment what he has shown by his remarks that he intended to do.
    Mr. STANLEY: On a point of Order. Are not the arguments of the hon. and gallant Member addressed to exactly the same point as on the previous Amendment? I understood that was to be left over for the general discussion.
    The CHAIRMAN: I did not appreciate that that had been laid down.
    Mr. REMER: The only object that I have in intervening now is the statement of the Minister that ail professional soldiers were provided for without this Bill. It seems an extraordinary statement, and I do not think that it is correct. Surely, while it is quite correct to say that the professional soldier is an old age pensioner on his retirement, he has no pension for his widow at his death. I know many widows of soldiers in my constituency who have not a pension of any kind, and I would like the Minister to give me his data for the statement he has made.
    Mr. McKINLAY: On a point of Order. Does this arise out of the Amendment?
    The CHAIRMAN: I take it that the soldiers to whom the hon. Member is referring are, or were, temporary.
    Mr. McKINLAY: Will you tell this Committee how a temporary soldier can be a professional soldier?
    Mr. REMER: I think that, for the convenience of the hon. Member who raised the point of Order, I had better tell him my point, particularly as the Minister was talking to the First Commissioner of Works, probably about his leader, at the time. My point is this, that the Amendment seeks to leave out "temporary," and the Minister states in reply that there is no necessity for the professional soldier to be put into the Bill at all, because he already gets a pension. I am trying to point out that I know many widows of the old professional soldiers who get no pension whatever. If this Amendment to the Amendment is carried, it will be most unfair to a deserving portion of the community. I hope that the right hon. Gentleman will now explain to us under what provision it is possible for the professional soldier's widow to receive a pension. I have tried to look up several of the Acts dealing with this matter, but in no case can I find it. Perhaps the right hon. Gentleman will explain what he meant a minute or two ago.
    Mr. STANLEY: I should like to ask the right hon. Gentleman two specific questions. The first is whether it is the intention under this Amendment only to include those men who joined as volunteers or militiamen for the purpose

    1981
    of a particular war and to exclude all those who happened to be serving in these units before the War and in that case were called up for service during the War. If that is not the intention, is the right hon. Gentleman absolutely certain that, as the Amendment is now drafted, he is not in fact excluding from the provisions of the Amendment all except those who joined for the purpose of a particular war? Can the right hon. Gentleman give a plain "Yes" or "No"?
    Mr. GREENWOOD: I understand that the Clause as drafted will cover the members of the Yeomanry and the other units who are drawn into service in any particular war, but will not cover those particular people who were not so drawn into service.
    Major COLFOX: Surely this Debate has shown the absolute necessity of accepting the deletion of this word "temporary," because it cannot make the position any worse, and it must obviously do away with the innumerable difficulties which have been raised and which apparently neither the right hon. Gentleman nor his party has foreseen to the smallest degree. This is merely another instance of the very slipshod, careless way in which this Bill has been brought forward. If we are to make any progress, as we all desire, then quite clearly the Minister in charge of the Bill must accept this very reasonable Amendment to delete this one word. It was said a moment ago that the Yeomanry and Volunteers and Militia will be included, but is the right hon. Gentleman aware—I know that hon. Members over there are not aware—of the well-known
    fact that the terms of enlistment and conditions of service of the Yeomanry units in the South African war were different from those of ordinary other units, and therefore has he considered the way in which this Clause or Subsection, whatever it is to be called, is going to affect the particular terms of this particular class of men? If I am right in assuming that he has so considered the reactions on those particular men, surely it must be obvious, even to him, that the only sensible and reasonable course is to accept this very moderate Amendment in order that we may go forward and discuss the real business, without further waste of time.
    Lieut-Colonel ACLAND-TROYTE: I ask leave to withdraw my Amendment.
    HON MEMBERS: No.
    Mr. GREENWOOD rose in his place, and claimed to move, "That the Question be now put."
    Question put, "That the Question be now put."
    The Committee proceeded to a Division.
    Mr. WARDLAW-MILNE(seated and covered): On a point of Order. May we know if we are to vote on the Amendment to the Amendment dealing with the words to be left out, or is it some other Amendment?
    The CHAIRMAN: The Amendment is to leave out the word "temporary." I am afraid the hon. Gentleman does not seem to have been attending to the Debate.
    The Committee divided: Ayes, 234; Noes, 75.

    Division No. 31.]

    AYES.

    [6.37 a.m.

    Adamson, Rt. Hon. W. (Fife, West)

    Blindell, James

    Daggar, George

    Adamson, W. M. (Staff., Cannock)

    Bowen, J. W.

    Dallas, George

    Addison, Rt. Hon. Dr. Christopher

    Broad, Francis Alfred

    Dalton, Hugh

    Alexander, Rt. Hon. A. V. (Hillsbro')

    Brockway, A. Fenner

    Davies, E. C. (Montgomery)

    Alpass, J. H.

    Bromfield, William

    Denman, Hon. R. D.

    Ammon, Charles George

    Brothers, M.

    Dickson, T.

    Arnott, John

    Brown, C. W. E. (Notts. Mansfield)

    Dudgeon, Major C. R.

    Aske, Sir Robert

    Brown, Ernest (Leith)

    Dukes, C.

    Ayles, Walter

    Brown, James (Ayr and Bute)

    Ede, James Chuter

    Baker, John (Wolverhampton, Bilston)

    Buchanan, G.

    Edge, Sir William

    Baldwin, Oliver (Dudley)

    Burgess, F. G.

    Edmunds, J. E.

    Barnes, Alfred John

    Burgin, Dr. E. L.

    Edwards, C. (Monmouth, Bedwellty)

    Barr, James

    Caine, Derwent Hall

    Edwards, E. (Morpeth)

    Batey, Joseph

    Cameron, A. G.

    Elmley, Viscount

    Beckett, John (Camberwell, Peckham)

    Cape, Thomas

    Foot, Isaac

    Bellamy, Albert

    Carter, W. (St. Pancras, S.W.)

    Freeman, Peter

    Benn, Rt. Hon. Wedgwood

    Charleton, H. C.

    Gardner, B. W. (West Ham, Upton)

    Bennett, William (Battersea, South)

    Chater, Daniel

    George, Major G. Lloyd (Pembroke)

    Benson, G.

    Church, Major A. G.

    Gibbins, Joseph

    Bentham, Dr. Ethel

    Cluse, W. S.

    Gill, T. H.

    Bevan, Aneurin (Ebbw Vale)

    Cocks, Frederick Seymour

    Glassey, A. E.

    Birkett, W. Norman

    Compton, Joseph

    Gossling, A. G.

    Gould, F.

    McElwee, A.

    Shiels, Dr. Drummond

    Gray, Milner

    McEntee, V. L.

    Shillaker, J. F.

    Greenwood, Rt. Hon. A. (Colne).

    Mackinder, W.

    Shinwell, E.

    Grenfell, D. R. (Glamorgan)

    McKinlay, A.

    Short, Alfred (Wednesbury)

    Griffith, F. Kingsley (Middlesbro' W.)

    MacLaren, Andrew

    Simmons, C. J.

    Griffiths, T. (Monmouth, Pontypool)

    McShane, John James

    Sinkinson, George

    Grundy, Thomas W.

    Mansfield, W.

    Sitch, Charles H.

    Hall, F. (York, W.R., Normanton)

    Marley, J.

    Smith, Alfred (Sunderland)

    Hall, G. H. (Merthyr Tydvil)

    Mathers, George

    Smith, Ben (Bermondsey, Rotherhithe)

    Hall, Capt. W. P. (Portsmouth, C.)

    Matters, L. W.

    Smith, Frank (Nuneaton)

    Hamilton, Mary Agnes (Blackburn)

    Messer, Fred

    Smith, Rennie (Penistone)

    Hardie, George D.

    Middleton, G.

    Smith, Tom (Pontefract)

    Haycock, A. W.

    Mills, J. E.

    Smith, W. R. (Norwich)

    Hayday, Arthur

    Milner, J.

    Snowden, Thomas (Accrington)

    Henderson, Arthur, junr. (Cardiff, S.)

    Montague, Frederick

    Sorensen, R.

    Henderson, Thomas (Glasgow)

    Morgan, Dr. H. B.

    Spero, Dr. G. E.

    Henderson, W. W. (Middx., Enfield)

    Morley, Ralph

    Stamford, Thomas W.

    Herriotts, J.

    Mort, D. L.

    Stephen, Campbell

    Hirst, G. H. (York W. R. Wentworth)

    Moses, J. J. H.

    Strachey, E. J. St. Loe

    Hirst, W. (Bradford, South)

    Mosley, Lady C. (Stoke-on-Trent)

    Strauss, G. R.

    Hoffman, P. C.

    Mosley, Sir Oswald (Smethwick)

    Sullivan, J.

    Hollins, A.

    Muff, G.

    Sutton, J. E.

    Hopkin, Daniel

    Murnin, Hugh

    Taylor, R. A. (Lincoln)

    Horrabin, J. F.

    Nathan, Major H. L.

    Taylor, W. B. (Norfolk, S.W.)

    Hudson, James H. (Huddersfield)

    Newman, Sir R. H. S. D. L. (Exeter)

    Thorne, W. (West Ham, Plaistow)

    Hunter, Dr. Joseph

    Oldfield, J. R.

    Thurtle, Ernest

    Isaacs, George

    Oliver, George Harold (Ilkeston)

    Tinker, John Joseph

    Jenkins, W. (Glamorgan, Neath)

    Oliver, P. M. (Man., Blackley)

    Toole, Joseph

    John, William (Rhondda, West)

    Owen, Major G. (Carnarvon)

    Tout, W. J.

    Johnston, Thomas

    Owen, H. F. (Hereford)

    Townend, A. E.

    Jones, F. Llewellyn- (Flint)

    Palmer, E. T.

    Vaughan, D. J.

    Jones, J. J. (West Ham, Silvertown)

    Parkinson, John Allen (Wigan)

    Walker, J.

    Jones, T. I. Mardy (Pontypridd)

    Perry, S. F.

    Wallace, H. W.

    Jowett, Rt. Hon. F. W.

    Peters, Dr. Sidney John

    Wallhead, Richard C.

    Jowitt, Rt. Hon. Sir W. A.

    Phillips, Dr. Marion

    Watkins, F. C.

    Kedward, R. M. (Kent, Ashford)

    Potts, John S.

    Watson, W. M. (Dunfermline)

    Kelly, W. T.

    Price, M. P.

    Watts-Morgan, Lt.-Col. D. (Rhondda)

    Kennedy, Thomas

    Pybus, Percy John

    Wellock, Wilfred

    Kinley, J.

    Quibell, D. J. K.

    Welsh, James (Paisley)

    Lang, Gordon

    Ramsay, T. B. Wilson

    Welsh, James C. (Coatbridge)

    Lansbury, Rt. Hon. George

    Richards, R.

    West, F. R.

    Lathan, G.

    Richardson, R. (Houghton-le-Spring)

    Westwood, Joseph

    Law, Albert (Bolton)

    Riley, F. F. (Stockton-on-Tees)

    Whiteley, Wilfrid (Birm., Ladywood)

    Law, A. (Rosendale)

    Romeril, H. G.

    Whiteley, William (Blaydon)

    Lawrence, Susan

    Rosbotham, D. S. T.

    Wilkinson, Ellen C.

    Lawrie, Hugh Hartley (Stalybridge)

    Rowson, Guy

    Williams, David (Swansea, East)

    Lawson, John James

    Salter, Dr. Alfred

    Williams, Dr. J. H. (Llanelly)

    Lawther, W. (Barnard Castle)

    Samuel, H. W. (Swansea, West)

    Williams, T. (York, Don Valley)

    Leach, W.

    Sanders, W. S.

    Wilson, C. H. (Sheffield, Attercliffe)

    Lee, Frank (Derby, N.E.)

    Sandham, E.

    Wilson, J. (Oldham)

    Lee, Jennie (Lanark, Northern)

    Sawyer, G. F.

    Wilson, R. J. (Jarrow)

    Lewis, T. (Southampton)

    Scurr, John

    Winterton, G. E. (Leicester, Loughb'gh)

    Lindley, Fred W.

    Shakespeare, Geoffrey H.

    Wise, E. F.

    Lloyd, C. Ellis

    Shaw, Rt. Hon. Thomas (Preston)

    Young, R. S. (Islington, North)

    Longbottom, A. W.

    Shepherd, Arthur Lewis

    Longden, F.

    Sherwood, G. H.

    TELLERS FOR THE AYES.—

    Macdonald, Gordon (Ince)

    Shield, George William

    Mr. Hayes and Mr. Wilfrid Paling.

    NOES.

    Acland-Troyte, Lieut.-Colonel

    Ganzoni, Sir John

    Ross, Major Ronald D.

    Allen, W. E. D. (Belfast, W.)

    Gault, Lieut.-Col. Andrew Hamilton

    Russell, Alexander West (Tynemouth)

    Balfour, George (Hampstead)

    Graham, Fergus (Cumberland, N.)

    Sandeman, Sir N. Stewart

    Balniel, Lord

    Greene, W. P. Crawford

    Savery, S. S.

    Beamish, Rear-Admiral T. P. H.

    Gunston, Captain D. W.

    Skelton, A. N.

    Bourne, Captain Robert Croft

    Hacking, Rt. Hon. Douglas H.

    Smith, Louis W. (Sheffield, Hallam)

    Bracken, B.

    Hannon, Patrick Joseph Henry

    Smith-Carington, Neville W.

    Bullock, Captain Malcolm

    Harvey, Major S. E. (Devon, Totnes)

    Smithers, Waldron

    Butler, R. A.

    Henderson, Capt. R. R. (Oxf'd, Henley)

    Southby, Commander A. R. J.

    Castle Stewart, Earl of

    Heneage, Lleut.-Colonel Arthur P.

    Stanley, Lord (Fylde)

    Chamberlain, Rt. Hon. N. (Edgbaston)

    Hennessy, Major Sir G. R. J.

    Stanley, Maj. Hon. O. (W'morland)

    Colfox, Major William Philip

    Howard-Bury, Colonel C. K.

    Stuart, J. C. (Moray and Nairn)

    Colville, Major D. J.

    Hudson, Capt. A. U. M. (Hackney, N.)

    Thomas, Major L. B. (King's Norton)

    Cranbourne, Viscount

    Lamb, Sir J. Q.

    Thomson, Sir F.

    Crookshank, Cpt. H. (Lindsey, Gainsbro)

    MacRobert, Rt. Hon. Alexander M.

    Titchfield, Major the Marquess of

    Culverwell, C. T. (Bristol, West)

    Margesson, Captain H. D.

    Todd, Capt. A. J.

    Davies, Dr. Vernon

    Mason, Colonel Glyn K.

    Tryon, Rt. Hon. George Clement

    Davies, Maj. Geo. F. (Somerset, Yeovil)

    Mitchell-Thomson, Rt. Hon. Sir W.

    Ward, Lt.-Col. A.L. (Kingston-on-Hull)

    Duckworth, G. A. V.

    Morrison, W. S. (Glos., Cirencester)

    Wardlaw-Milne, J. S.

    Dugdale, Capt. T. L.

    Morrison-Bell, Sir Arthur Clive

    Waterhouse, Captain Charles

    Edmondson, Major A. J.

    Muirhead, A. J.

    Wells, Sydney R.

    Elliot, Major Walter E.

    Penny, Sir George

    Womersley, W. J.

    Everard, W. Lindsay

    Peto, Sir Basil E. (Devon, Barnstaple)

    Wood, Rt. Hon. Sir Kingsley

    Fison, F. G. Clavering

    Ramsbotham, H.

    Ford, Sir P. J.

    Remer, John R.

    TELLERS FOR THE NOES.—

    Fremantle, Lieut.-Colonel Francis E.

    Roberts, Sir Samuel (Ecclesall)

    Captain Sir George Bowyer and Sir Victor Warrender

    Question, "That the word" temporary "stand part of the proposed Amendment," put accordingly, and agreed to.

    Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: I beg to move, as an Amendment to the proposed Amendment, as amended, to leave out the first word "war," and to insert instead thereof the words "naval or military operations."
    The right hon. Gentleman some time ago, when he introduced the subject of this manuscript Amendment, said that he was struck with the simple perfection of this form. I myself thought that it would be almost a miracle if so hastily and hurriedly put together an Amendment could have achieved anything like the perfection, which we were led to expect from the expert advisers of the right hon. Gentleman. I am not surprised to find that my hon. Friend behind me, the Member for Westmorland (Mr. Stanley) put his point, which was really obvious, although we did not get a proper answer. Although the Debate was cut short, it is clear to all of us on this side of the House that the point he raised was not covered by the Amendment as drafted by the right hon. Gentleman, and that is a point we shall have to go back to again.
    Now I want to draw the attention of the Committee to another point, which seems to me to be a defect in the drafting. My Amendment is to leave out the first "War", and to insert instead thereof the words "naval or military operations". The reason I want to do that is this. The expression "the late War" has, I think, been questioned by some of my hon. Friends behind me. I think I am right in saying that the expression "the late War" appeared in the Act of 1925. It is not introduced here for the first time. We may take it that there is no possible doubt as to the meaning of "the late War". When you come to the other words "any war previous to the late War", then I think a certain amount of doubt must arise at once as to what is meant.
    Everybody will recollect that there have been a number of military or naval operations which have not been considered sufficiently important to be dignified by the name of war, but nevertheless were carried on under conditions of war, and were just as dangerous to the lives of many men engaged in them as larger
    1986
    operations. I think of the expedition which was known as the Tirah campaign. I never heard it called the Tirah War. There was another Indian expedition for the relief of Chitral, which was a military operation of some magnitude, but again, it was not a war. There was also the expedition in China for the relief of the legations; that was not a war. Even in regard to the Boer war, there was a Debate in another place on the very point whether the military operations going on in South Africa were really a war, and a phrase, which was rather amusing at the time was used that it was not a war, but a sort of warfare. Are operations which are a sort of warfare covered by the words of this Amendment? I suggest that we ought not to leave any doubt on this point, and it is for that reason that I want to leave out the word "war," and substitute "naval or military operations" which, I think, would not leave any possible doubt in anyone's mind.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: It is perfectly true, as the right hon. Gentleman has said, that no question appears to have arisen as to what is meant by "the late War," and I do not think that the term has been challenged in the Act of 1925. I should imagine that it would be possible to get a pretty clear idea as to earlier wars. I am not sure that it is right to say that campaigns are not wars. I should have thought that they were. If the right hon. Gentleman thinks that his is a more precise term, however, I have no objection. I would suggest that in order to make it in harmony with the other part, he might use the words "naval or military operations." If he would so alter his Amendment, I would accept it.
    Amendment to proposed Amendment agreed to.
    Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: I beg to move, as an Amendment to the proposed Amendment, to leave out the words "during that war."
    This is consequential upon the Amendment which has just been accepted. As we have taken out the word "war," obviously we cannot now insert "during that war," and the words are unnecessary.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: I agree that the Amendment is consequential.
    Amendment to proposed Amendment agreed to.
    Major COLFOX: I beg to move, as an Amendment to the proposed Amendment, as amended, to leave out the words "for a period of not less than two years."
    This raises a somewhat similar point to that which was raised on a previous Amendment. On that occasion the Parliamentary Secretary allowed herself to state what was not accurate, because she said that the widows of regular soldiers who served for only a short period, and who were invalided out on account of wounds or other disability under two years, would be provided for under other parts of this Bill. The fact is, of course, that such a man would be provided for by the Ministry of Pensions during his own lifetime, but his pension would die with him, and his widow would receive nothing after his death. The widow of such a man is not provided for.
    7.0 a.m.
    The hon. Lady has said, and perhaps she will say again, that it is necessary to put in a time limit of two years to make it obligatory upon the men who have served in the Army and Navy to have served for a minimum period of two years. Surely it is unnecessary to make the minimum period so long. It will mean that more people will be debarred from the eventual receipt of these widows' pensions. If it be impossible to delete the period altogether, there might be a period of, say, six months. That would be sufficient to exclude undesirable people who have been mentioned as nominally serving in the military forces, but who have never done an actual day's soldiering, and with whom, of course, no "pukka" soldier like myself would have anything to do. I hope strongly that the Minister will see his way to accept my suggestion, or, at any rate, to meet me a little more than half way. I am extremely anxious to make as rapid progress as possible with this Bill, and I would be obliged to the right hon. Gentleman if he would not prolong the Debate on this point, but will accept the inevitable, which means accepting my Amendment.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: This is an Amendment which has been previously
    1988
    discussed. I think that the Committee should realise exactly where we stand. In the 1925 Act, the title to pension was established in the case of certain widows because of the service of the husbands, and the period of service was fixed at two years. Earlier in our proceedings to-day, on an Amendment in my name, we agreed to extend this Bill, so far as it is operative, to two years' service during the late War. Now the suggestion is made that for naval or military operations prior to that, there should be no limit of service. That is really unreasonable, for it would confer an advantage upon people who might presumably have been engaged on far less serious military and naval operations than the Great War. It would not be right to give special advantages to the widows of these people, over the widows of people whose husbands served during the Great War. There must be, and the Committee has already admitted it, a principle of two years' service. It is a reasonable request that two years' service ought to apply to those who served during naval or military operations in some period prior to the Great War. I have to be consistent.
    Mr. WALLHEAD: I would ask your ruling, Sir. The Minister has just said that this Amendment is similar to one already disposed of. Is this Amendment in order or not?
    Colonel HOWARD-BURY: This is quite different from the original Amendment. It deals with campaigns which were shorter than the Great War. The Great War was a four-year campaign. Many campaigns were shorter than the Great War—the Tirah Campaign, the Relief of the Legations at Peking, the Somaliland Campaign, the Egyptian Campaigns, and a great many others. Therefore, I differ from the hon. Member and ask your ruling, Sir.
    The CHAIRMAN: I agree with the hon. and gallant Member.
    Commander SOUTHBY: It stands to reason that the Minister should accept this Amendment shortening the period. Otherwise, a great number of pre-War military and naval operations will be cut out. With the exception of the South African War, none of the operations lasted for anything like two years. So far as naval operations are concerned,

    1989
    in the Persian Gulf the suppression of the arms traffic and of the slave traffic lasted for over two years, but the ships employed on these operations were not necessarily employed for the whole period. You might have fleet auxiliaries employed for a short time. These operations would be entirely cut out of the provisions of this Bill. So, too, would the China Boxer Campaign, the Somali-land Campaign, and other campaigns which lasted for less than two years.
    Mr. SKELTON: I rise to emphasise what has been said, and to draw the Minister's attention in particular to one campaign, not however for the purposes of obstruction. In the campaign to which I refer, volunteers actually took part. In fact, there were two such campaigns, neither of which lasted more than a year. These are the campaign in Egypt of 1885, of which I am certain, and that of 1882, in which I believe that volunteers took part. The Committee has not borne in mind that in the 1885 campaign, detachments of the old volunteer force were called for, and fought in Egypt. The whole campaign only lasted during the year 1885. The Minister can say that in none of the other campaigns mentioned did temporary soldiers fight, but that is not the case in Egypt. Many detachments—if my memory serves me right—went to fight in Egypt. There were, therefore, temporary soldiers in a campaign which lasted less than two years, and because it did not last two years, the widows of such men are to be cut out of this Bill. I agree that in the case of the Great War, which lasted over four years, it is right to fix a certain proportion of the period which a man must have served before his widow can get benefit, but where a campaign, even though so arduous as those in Egypt, lasted only a year, the application of this rule means that the widows of English and Scottish volunteers who fought and fell in Egypt in 1885 will be deprived of the benefits of this Bill. These two major operations, neither of which is called a war, but both of which are called a campaign, are the earliest examples of temporary soldiers fighting side by side with professional soldiers. It shows an ignorance of the principles of justice to exclude these men. This matter should be put right, and I am surprised that the Minister at this hour still sticks to this
    1990
    idea that, because in the Great War, which lasted over four years, the period of two years is taken as the test, the same rule should be applied to campaigns which lasted only a few months and in which detachments of temporary soldiers took part. We are dealing with campaigns, none of which, lasted two years—
    Mr. WALLHEAD: What about the Abyssinian War?
    Mr. SKELTON: Perhaps the hon. Member would address the Committee on that subject. I should be ready to tell him the approximate number of men involved, the name of the commander of the Forces, and the general result of the operations, but I do not propose to delay the Committee. It really will not do to apply the proposed test to such canv paigns as these. I am surprised at the ignorance of history shown by the right hon. Gentleman when he thinks that it is possible to introduce a provision which will cut out these campaigns.
    Mr. BECKETT: On a point of Order. Is it necessary for the hon. Member to be insulting as well as boring?
    HON. MEMBERS: Withdraw!
    Mr. SKELTON: I am sure that I would never ask the hon. Member to withdraw anything unless it were absolutely necessary. The Minister will not consider it insulting when I say that he does not appear to have realised the importance of the Egyptian campaigns. [Interruption.] In order to get a favourable response from the Minister, I shall say it more than once, for I want a period of less than two years to be selected by him. The test period should be one which would include the temporary soldiers who fought in these campaigns.
    Mr. BARR: On a point of Order. Are these the Egyptian campaigns that Moses led?
    Sir P. FORD: Is it in order for any hon. Member to talk what we, in a slangy expression, call "shop"?
    The CHAIRMAN: These are irrelevant points of Order.
    Mr. SKELTON: I say that the Minister has apparently omitted to remember the Egyptian campaigns. I am surprised that one of the profession of my hon. Friend

    1991
    is ignorant of the fact that Moses' campaign in Egypt was the taking of troops out of Egypt, and not bringing them in.
    The CHAIRMAN: I am rather afraid that the hon. Gentleman is repeating himself.
    Mr. GREENWOOD rose in his place, and claimed to move, "That the Question he now put."
    Question put, "That the Question be now put."
    The Committee divided: Ayes, 228; Noes, 72.

    Division No. 32.]

    AYES.

    [7.21 a.m.

    Adamson, Rt. Hon. W. (Fife, West)

    Hall, F. (York, W.R., Normanton)

    Muff, G.

    Adamson, W. M. (Staff., Cannock)

    Hall, G. H. (Merthyr Tydvil)

    Murnin, Hugh

    Alexander, Rt. Hon. A. V. (Hillsbro')

    Hall, Capt. W. P. (Portsmouth, C.)

    Nathan, Major H. L.

    Alpass, J. H.

    Hardie, George D.

    Newman, Sir R. H. S. D. L. (Exeter)

    Ammon, Charles George

    Haycock, A. W.

    Oldfield, J. R.

    Arnott, John

    Hayday, Arthur

    Oliver, George Harold (Ilkeston)

    Aske, Sir Robert

    Henderson, Arthur, junr. (Cardiff, S.)

    Oliver, P. M. (Man., Blackley)

    Ayles, Walter

    Henderson, Thomas (Glasgow)

    Owen, Major G. (Carnarvon)

    Baker, John (Wolverhampton, Bilston)

    Henderson, W. W. (Middx., Enfield)

    Owen, H. F. (Hereford)

    Baldwin, Oliver (Dudley)

    Herriotts, J.

    Paling, Wilfrid

    Barnes, Alfred John

    Hirst, G. H. (York, W.R.,Wentworth)

    Palmer, E. T.

    Barr, James

    Hirst, W. (Bradford, South)

    Perry, S. F.

    Batey, Joseph

    Hoffman, P. C.

    Peters, Dr. Sidney John

    Beckett, John (Camberwell, Peckham)

    Hollins, A.

    Potts, John S.

    Bellamy, Albert

    Hopkin, Daniel

    Price, M. P.

    Benn, Rt. Hon. Wedgwood

    Horrabin, J. F.

    Pybus, Percy John

    Bennett, William (Battersea, South)

    Hudson, James H. (Huddersfield)

    Qulbell, D. J. K.

    Benson, G.

    Hunter, Dr. Joseph

    Ramsay, T. B. Wilson

    Bentham, Dr. Ethel

    Isaacs, George

    Richards, R.

    Bevan, Aneurin (Ebbw Vale)

    Jenkins, W. (Glamorgan, Neath)

    Richardson, R. (Houghton-le-Spring)

    Blindell, James

    John, William (Rhondda, West)

    Riley, F. F. (Stockton-on-Tees)

    Bowen, J. W.

    Johnston, Thomas

    Romeril, H. G.

    Broad, Francis Alfred

    Jones, F. Llewellyn- (Flint)

    Rosbotham, D. S. T.

    Brockway, A. Fenner

    Jones, J. J. (West Ham, Silvertown)

    Rowson, Guy

    Bromfield, William

    Jones, T. I. Mardy (Pontypridd)

    Salter, Dr. Alfred

    Brothers, M.

    Jowett, Rt. Hon. F. W.

    Samuel, H. W. (Swansea, West)

    Brown, C. W. E. (Notts. Mansfield)

    Jowitt, Rt. Hon. Sir W. A.

    Sanders, W. S.

    Brown, Ernest (Leith)

    Kedward, R. M. (Kent, Ashford)

    Sandham, E.

    Brown, James (Ayr and Bute)

    Kelly, W. T.

    Sawyer, G. F.

    Buchanan, G.

    Kennedy, Thomas

    Scurr, John

    Burgess, F. G.

    Kinley, J.

    Shakespeare, Geoffrey H.

    Burgin, Dr. E. L.

    Lang, Gordon

    Shaw, Rt. Hon. Thomas (Preston)

    Caine, Derwent Hall-

    Lansbury, Rt. Hon. George

    Shepherd, Arthur Lewis

    Cameron, A. G.

    Lathan, G.

    Sherwood, G. H.

    Cape, Thomas

    Law, Albert (Bolton)

    Shield, George William

    Carter, W. (St. Pancras, S.W.)

    Law, A. (Rosendale)

    Shiels, Dr. Drummond

    Charleton, H. C.

    Lawrence, Susan

    Shillaker, J. F.

    Chater, Daniel

    Lawrie, Hugh Hartley (Stalybridge)

    Shinwell, E.

    Church, Major A. G.

    Lawson, John James

    Short, Alfred (Wednesbury)

    Cluse, W. S.

    Lawther, W. (Barnard Castle)

    Simmons, C. J.

    Cocks, Frederick Seymour

    Leach, W.

    Sinkinson, George

    Compton, Joseph

    Lee, Frank (Derby, N.E.)

    Sitch, Charles H.

    Daggar, George

    Lee, Jennie (Lanark, Northern)

    Smith, Alfred (Sunderland)

    Dallas, George

    Lewis, T. (Southampton)

    Smith, Ben (Bermondsey, Rotherhithe)

    Dalton, Hugh

    Lindley, Fred W.

    Smith, Frank (Nuneaton)

    Davies, E. C. (Montgomery)

    Lloyd, C. Ellis

    Smith, Rennie (Penistone)

    Denman, Hon. R. D.

    Longbottom, A. W.

    Smith, Tom (Pontefract)

    Dickson, T.

    Longden, F.

    Smith, W. R. (Norwich)

    Dudgeon, Major C. R.

    Lunn, William

    Snowden, Thomas (Accrington)

    Dukes, C.

    Macdonald, Gordon (Ince)

    Sorensen, R.

    Ede, James Chuter

    McElwee, A.

    Spero, Dr. G. E.

    Edge, Sir William

    McEntee, V. L.

    Stamford, Thomas W.

    Edmunds, J. E.

    Mackinder, W.

    Stephen, Campbell

    Edwards, C. (Monmouth, Bedwellty)

    McKinlay, A.

    Strachey, E. J. St. Loe

    Edwards, E. (Morpeth)

    MacLaren, Andrew

    Strauss, G. R.

    Elmley, Viscount

    McShane, John James

    Sullivan, J.

    Foot, Isaac

    Mansfield, W.

    Sutton, J. E.

    Freeman, Peter

    Marley, J.

    Taylor, R. A. (Lincoln)

    Gardner, B. W. (West Ham, Upton)

    Mathers, George

    Taylor, W. B. (Norfolk, S.W.)

    George, Major G. Lloyd (Pembroke)

    Matters, L. W.

    Thorne, W. (West Ham, Plaistow)

    Gibbins, Joseph

    Messer, Fred

    Thurtle, Ernest

    Gill, T. H.

    Middleton, G.

    Tinker, John Joseph

    Glassey, A. E.

    Mills, J. E.

    Toole, Joseph

    Gossling, A. G.

    Milner, J.

    Tout, W. J.

    Gould, F.

    Montague, Frederick

    Townend, A. E.

    Gray, Milner

    Morgan, Dr. H. B.

    Walker, J.

    Greenwood, Rt. Hon. A. (Colne).

    Morley, Ralph

    Wallace, H. W.

    Grenfell, D. R. (Glamorgan)

    Mort, D. L.

    Wallhead, Richard C.

    Griffith, F. Kingsley (Middlesbro' W.)

    Moses, J. J. H.

    Watkins, F. C.

    Griffiths, T. (Monmouth, Pontypool)

    Mosley, Lady C. (Stoke-on-Trent)

    Watson, W. M. (Dunfermline)

    Grundy, Thomas W.

    Mosley, Sir Oswald (Smethwick)

    Watts-Morgan, Lt.-Col. D. (Rhondda)

    Wellock, Wilfred

    Williams, David (Swansea, East)

    Winterton, G. E. (Leicester, Loughb'gh)

    Welsh, James (Paisley)

    Williams, Dr. J. H. (Llanelly)

    Wise, E. F.

    Welsh, James C. (Coatbridge)

    Williams, T. (York, Don Valley)

    Young, R. S. (Islington, North)

    Westwood, Joseph

    Wilson, C. H. (Sheffield, Attercliffe)

    Whiteley, Wilfrid (Birm., Ladywood)

    Wilson, J. (Oldham)

    TELLERS FOR THE AYES.—

    Whiteley, William (Blaydon)

    Wilson, R. J. (Jarrow)

    Mr. Parkinson and Mr. Hayes.

    NOES.

    Acland-Troyte, Lieut.-Colonel

    Gilmour, Lt.-Col. Rt. Hon. Sir John

    Sandeman, Sir N. Stewart

    Allen, W. E. D. (Belfast, W.)

    Graham, Fergus (Cumberland, N.)

    Savery, S. S.

    Balniel, Lord

    Greene, W. P. Crawford

    Skelton, A. N.

    Beamish, Rear-Admiral T. P. H.

    Gunston, Captain D. W.

    Smith, Louis W. (Sheffield, Hallam)

    Bourne, Captain Robert Croft

    Hacking, Rt. Hon. Douglas H.

    Smith-Carington, Neville W.

    Bowyer, Captain Sir George E. W.

    Harvey, Major S. E. (Devon, Totnes)

    Smithers, Waldron

    Bracken, B.

    Henderson, Capt. R. R. (Oxf'd, Henley)

    Southby, Commander A. R. J.

    Bullock, Captain Malcolm

    Heneage, Lieut.-Colonel Arthur P.

    Stanley, Lord (Fylde)

    Butler, R. A.

    Hennessy, Major Sir G. R. J.

    Stanley, Maj. Hon. O. (W'morland)

    Castle Stewart, Earl of

    Howard-Bury, Colonel C. K.

    Stuart, J. C. (Moray and Nairn)

    Chamberlain, Rt. Hon. N. (Edgbaston)

    Hudson, Capt. A. U. M. (Hackney, N.)

    Thomas, Major L. B. (King's Norton)

    Colfox, Major William Philip

    Lamb, Sir J. Q.

    Thomson, Sir F.

    Colville, Major D. J.

    MacRobert, Rt. Hon. Alexander M.

    Titchfield, Major the Marquess of

    Cranbourne, Viscount

    Margesson, Captain H. D.

    Todd, Capt. A. J.

    Crookshank, Cpt. H. (Lindsey, Gainsbro)

    Mason, Colonel Glyn K.

    Tryon, Rt. Hon. George Clement

    Culverwell, C. T. (Bristol, West)

    Mitchell-Thomson, Rt. Hon. Sir W.

    Ward, Lt.-Col. A. L. (Kingston-on-Hull)

    Davies, Dr. Vernon

    Morrison, W. S. (Glos., Cirencester)

    Wardlaw-Milne, J. S.

    Davies, Maj. Geo. F. (Somerset, Yeovil)

    Morrison-Bell, Sir Arthur Clive

    Waterhouse, Captain Charles

    Dugdale, Capt. T. L.

    Muirhead, A. J.

    Wells, Sydney R.

    Edmondson, Major A. J.

    Peto, Sir Basil E. (Devon, Barnstaple)

    Womersley, W. J.

    Elliot, Major Walter E.

    Ramsbotham, H.

    Wood, Rt. Hon. Sir Kingsley

    Everard, W. Lindsay

    Remer, John R.

    Fison, F. G. Clavering

    Roberts, Sir Samuel (Ecclesall)

    TELLERS FOR THE NOES.—

    Ford, Sir P. J.

    Ross, Major Ronald D.

    Sir George Penny and Sir Victor Warrender.

    Fremantle, Lieut.-Colonel Francis E.

    Russell, Alexander West (Tynemouth)

    Ganzoni, Sir John

    Question put accordingly, "That the words proposed to be left out stand part of the proposed Amendment, as amended."
    The Committee divided: Ayes, 230; Noes, 72.

    Division No. 33.]

    AYES.

    [7.30 a.m.

    Adamson, Rt. Hon. W. (Fife, West)

    Church, Major A. G.

    Haycock, A. W.

    Adamson, W. M. (Staff., Cannock)

    Cluse, W. S.

    Hayday, Arthur

    Alexander, Rt. Hon. A. V. (Hillsbro')

    Cocks, Frederick Seymour

    Henderson, Arthur, junr. (Cardiff, S.)

    Alpass, J. H.

    Compton, Joseph

    Henderson, Thomas (Glasgow)

    Ammon, Charles George

    Daggar, George

    Henderson, W. W. (Middx., Enfield)

    Arnott, John

    Dallas, George

    Herriotts, J.

    Aske, Sir Robert

    Dalton, Hugh

    Hirst, G. H. (York, W.R.,Wentworth)

    Ayles, Walter

    Davies, E. C. (Montgomery)

    Hirst, W. (Bradford, South)

    Baker, John (Wolverhampton, Bilston)

    Denman, Hon. R. D.

    Hoffman, P. C.

    Baldwin, Oliver (Dudley)

    Dickson, T.

    Hollins, A.

    Barnes, Alfred John

    Dudgeon, Major C. R.

    Hopkin, Daniel

    Barr, James

    Dukes, C.

    Horrabin, J. F.

    Batey, Joseph

    Ede, James Chuter

    Hudson, James H. (Huddersfield)

    Beckett, John (Camberwell, Peckham)

    Edge, Sir William

    Hunter, Dr. Joseph

    Bellamy, Albert

    Edmunds, J. E.

    Isaacs, George

    Benn, Rt. Hon. Wedgwood

    Edwards, C. (Monmouth, Bedwellty)

    Jenkins, W. (Glamorgan, Neath)

    Bennett, William (Battersea, South)

    Edwards, E. (Morpeth)

    John, William (Rhondda, West)

    Benson, G.

    Eimley, Viscount

    Johnston, Thomas

    Bentham, Dr. Ethel

    Foot, Isaac

    Jones, F. Llewellyn- (Flint)

    Bevan, Aneurin (Ebbw Vale)

    Freeman, Peter

    Jones, J. J. (West Ham, Silvertown)

    Blindell, James

    Gardner, B. W. (West Ham, Upton)

    Jones, T. I. Mardy (Pontypridd)

    Bowen, J. W.

    George, Major G. Lloyd (Pembroke)

    Jowett, Rt. Hon. F. W.

    Broad, Francis Alfred

    Gibbins, Joseph

    Jowitt, Rt. Hon. Sir W. A.

    Brockway, A. Fenner

    Gill, T. H.

    Kedward, R. M. (Kent, Ashford)

    Bromfield, William

    Glassey, A. E.

    Kelly, W. T.

    Brothers, M.

    Gossling, A. G.

    Kennedy, Thomas

    Brown, C. W. E. (Notts. Mansfield)

    Gould, F.

    Kinley, J.

    Brown, Ernest (Leith)

    Gray, Milner

    Lang, Gordon

    Brown, James (Ayr and Bute)

    Greenwood, Rt. Hon. A. (Colne)

    Lansbury, Rt. Hon. George

    Buchanan, G.

    Grenfell, D. R. (Glamorgan)

    Lathan, G.

    Burgess, F. G.

    Griffith, F. Kingsley (Middlesbro' W.)

    Law, Albert (Bolton)

    Burgin, Dr. E. L.

    Griffiths, T. (Monmouth, Pontypool)

    Law, A. (Rosendale)

    Caine, Derwent Hall

    Grundy, Thomas W.

    Lawrence, Susan

    Cameron, A. G.

    Hall, F. (York, W.R., Normanton)

    Lawrie, Hugh Hartley (Stalybridge)

    Cape, Thomas

    Hall, G. H, (Merthyr Tydvil)

    Lawson, John James

    Carter, W. (St. Pancras, S.W.)

    Hall, Capt. W. P. (Portsmouth, C.)

    Lawther, W. (Barnard Castle)

    Charleton, H. C.

    Hamilton, Mary Agnes (Blackburn)

    Leach, W.

    Chater, Daniel

    Hardle, George D.

    Lee, Frank (Derby, N.E.)

    Lee, Jennie (Lanark, Northern)

    Peters, Dr. Sidney John

    Stamford, Thomas W.

    Lewis, T. (Southampton)

    Phillips, Dr. Marion

    Stephen, Campbell

    Lindley, Fred W.

    Potts, John S.

    Strachey, E. J. St. Loe

    Lloyd, C. Ellis

    Price, M. P.

    Strauss, G. R.

    Longbottom, A. W.

    Pybus, Percy John

    Sullivan, J.

    Longden, F.

    Quibell, D. J. K.

    Sutton, J. E.

    Lunn, William

    Ramsay, T. B. Wilson

    Taylor R. A. (Lincoln)

    Macdonald, Gordon (Ince)

    Richards, R.

    Taylor, W. B. (Norfolk, S.W.)

    McElwee, A.

    Richardson, R. (Houghton-le-Spring)

    Thorne, W. (West Ham, Plaistow)

    McEntee, V. L.

    Riley, F. F. (Stockton-on-Tees)

    Thurtle, Ernest

    Mackinder, W.

    Romeril, H. G.

    Tinker, John Joseph

    McKinlay, A.

    Rosbotham, D. S. T.

    Toole, Joseph

    MacLaren, Andrew

    Rowson, Guy

    Tout, W. J.

    McShane, John James

    Salter, Dr. Alfred

    Townend, A. E.

    Mansfield, W.

    Samuel, H. W. (Swansea, West)

    Walker, J.

    Marley, J.

    Sanders, W. S.

    Wallace, H. W.

    Mathers, George

    Sandham, E.

    Wallhead, Richard C.

    Matters, L. W.

    Sawyer, G. F.

    Watkins, F. C.

    Messer, Fred

    Scurr, John

    Watson, W. M. (Dunfermline)

    Middleton, G.

    Shakespeare, Geoffrey H.

    Watts-Morgan, Lt.-Col. D. (Rhondda)

    Mills, J. E.

    Shaw, Rt. Hon. Thomas (Preston)

    Wellock, Wilfred

    Milner, J.

    Shepherd, Arthur Lewis

    Welsh, James (Paisley)

    Montague, Frederick

    Sherwood, G. H.

    Welsh, James C. (Coatbridge)

    Morgan, Dr. H. B.

    Shield, George William

    Westwood, Joseph

    Morley, Ralph

    Shiels, Dr. Drummond

    Whiteley, Wilfrid (Birm., Ladywood)

    Mort, D. L.

    Shillaker, J. F.

    Whiteley, William (Blaydon)

    Moses, J. J. H.

    Shinwell, E.

    Wilkinson, Ellen C.

    Mosley, Lady C. (Stoke-on-Trent)

    Short, Alfred (Wednesbury)

    Williams, David (Swansea, East)

    Mosley, Sir Oswald (Smethwick)

    Simmons, C. J.

    Williams, Dr. J. H. (Llanelly)

    Muff, G.

    Sinkinson, George

    Williams, T. (York, Don Valley)

    Murnin, Hugh

    Sitch, Charles H.

    Wilson, C. H. (Sheffield, Attercliffe)

    Nathan, Major H. L.

    Smith, Alfred (Sunderland)

    Wilson, J. (Oldham)

    Oldfield, J. R.

    Smith, Ben (Bermondsey, Rotherhithe)

    Wilson, R. J. (Jarrow)

    Oliver, George Harold (Ilkeston)

    Smith, Frank (Nuneaton)

    Winterton, G. E. (Leicester, Loughb'gh)

    Oliver, P. M. (Man., Blackley)

    Smith, Rennie (Penistone)

    Wise, E. F.

    Owen, Major G. (Carnarvon)

    Smith, Tom (Pontefract)

    Young, R. S. (Islington, North)

    Owen, H. F. (Hereford)

    Smith, W. R. (Norwich)

    Paling, Wilfrid

    Snowden, Thomas (Accrington)

    TELLERS FOR THE AYES.—

    Palmer, E. T.

    Sorensen, R.

    Mr. Parkinson and Mr. Hayes.

    Perry, S. F.

    Spero, Dr. G. E.

    NOES.

    Acland-Troyte, Lieut.-Colonel

    Ganzoni, Sir John

    Sandeman, Sir N. Stewart

    Allen, W. E. D. (Belfast, W.)

    Gilmour, Lt.-Col. Rt. Hon. Sir John

    Savery, S. S.

    Balniel, Lord

    Graham, Fergus (Cumberland, N.)

    Skelton, A. N.

    Beamish, Rear-Admiral T. P. H.

    Greene, W. P. Crawford

    Smith, Louis W. (Sheffield, Hallam)

    Bourne, Captain Robert Croft

    Gunston, Captain D. W.

    Smith-Carington, Neville W.

    Bowyer, Captain Sir George E. W.

    Hacking, Rt. Hon. Douglas H.

    Smithers, Waldron

    Bracken, B.

    Harvey, Major S. E. (Devon, Totnes)

    Southby, Commander A. R. J.

    Bullock, Captain Malcolm

    Heneage, Lieut.-Colonel Arthur P.

    Stanley, Lord (Fylde)

    Butler, R. A.

    Hennessy, Major Sir G. R. J.

    Stanley, Maj. Hon. O. (W'morland)

    Castle Stewart, Earl of

    Howard-Bury, Colonel C. K.

    Stuart, J. C. (Moray and Nairn)

    Chamberlain, Rt. Hon. N. (Edgbaston)

    Hudson, Capt. A. U. M. (Hackney, N.)

    Thomas, Major L. B. (King's Norton)

    Colfox, Major William Philip

    Lamb, Sir J. Q.

    Thomson, Sir F.

    Colville, Major D. J.

    MacRobert, Rt. Hon. Alexander M.

    Titchfield, Major the Marquess of

    Cranbourne, Viscount

    Mason, Colonel Glyn K.

    Todd, Capt. A. J.

    Crookshank, Cpt. H. (Lindsey, Gainsbro)

    Mitchell-Thomson, Rt. Hon. Sir W.

    Tryon, Rt. Hon. George Clement

    Culverwell, C. T. (Bristol, West)

    Morrison, W. S. (Glos., Cirencester)

    Ward, Lt.-Col. A.L. (Kingston-on-Hull)

    Davies, Dr. Vernon

    Morrison-Bell, Sir Arthur Clive

    Wardlaw-Milne, J. S.

    Davies, Maj. Geo. F. (Somerset, Yeovil)

    Muirhead, A. J.

    Warrender, Sir Victor

    Dugdale, Capt. T. L.

    Newman, Sir R. H. S. D. L. (Exeter)

    Waterhouse, Captain Charles

    Edmondson, Major A. J.

    Peto, Sir Basil E. (Devon, Barnstaple)

    Wells, Sydney R.

    Elliot, Major Walter E.

    Ramsbotham, H.

    Womersley, W. J.

    Everard, W. Lindsay

    Remer, John R.

    Wood, Rt. Hon. Sir Kingsley

    Fison, F. G. Clavering

    Roberts, Sir Samuel (Ecclesall)

    Ford, Sir P. J.

    Ross, Major Ronald D.

    TELLERS FOR THE NOES.—

    Fremantle, Lieut.-Colonel Francis E.

    Russell, Alexander West (Tynemouth)

    Sir George Penny and Captain Margesson.

    Question proposed, "That those words, as amended, be there inserted."
    Mr. STANLEY: With regard to the inclusion or exclusion of the volunteers who enlisted not to take part in war, but who were called up during their service, some misunderstanding might arise, and some people whom it is not the intention of the Government to exclude,
    1996
    might he excluded. I hope that on the Report stage the Minister will include some words which will make the intention plain. I snould like to express my gratitude for the courteous way in which the Minister has met us.
    Captain GUNSTON: I hope that, in addition to the question of inclusion, further consideration will be given to

    1997
    the time limit. As the Bill now stands, we shall have a serious anomaly. You are going to give pensions to the widows of men who, at some time or other, were in an insurable occupation, however short that time was; you will admit the civilian, but you will still say that the widow of the man who fought for his country for practically two years is to have no consideration. This is not a party point. We all feel it very deeply, and I trust that the Minister will further consider the matter on the Report stage.
    Commander SOUTHBY: I also appeal to the Minister to consider this point. May I suggest, if he does consider it, and if he looks for a definition of the period of naval or military operations, that he should make it one in which a medal has been given.
    Sir B. PETO: At an earlier point you indicated, Mr. Chairman, that I would have an opportunity of raising on the Clause any question which was not covered by the Amendment.
    The CHAIRMAN: Not on the Clause.
    Sir B. PETO: I mean the principal manuscript Amendment. The point which I wish to raise is the effect of the words which we are now in the course of adding to the Bill. They will undoubtedly raise great expectations in the minds of the widows of all those men who volunteered for naval and, military operations extending over a number of years. It is well known that the case of the widow of the man who has served in the Forces, and who gets nothing at all, has long been very hard, and a large number of such women will be under the impression that they are going to get a pension. They will find, however, that owing to restrictions referred to by the hon. and gallant Member for Thornbury (Captain Gunston), and others who spoke earlier in the Debate, practically none of them will benefit. Even in the case of the Boer War, I think that it will be found that a great number of the volunteers could not possibly have been serving in South Africa for a period
    of two years. They were probably withdrawn before that period elapsed. I think that the Minister will find, when he has time to consider the number of widows who will go through his mesh, that there were practically none. The Parliamentary Secretary said that even in the case of the Crimea there might be one or two cases, but the number admitted to benefit in the case of any of these Naval and Military operations will be trivial. Therefore, we ask the Government to go into the matter carefully to see whether this two years' service test is not wholly inapplicable to these Naval and Military operations.
    Miss LAWRENCE: I just want to make one point of personal explanation. I did not say that there would be one or two widows, but that there might be one or two widows of men who have served in the Crimea. My right hon. Friend has promised to reconsider the question of the period and the estimate of numbers. He will look with the fullest attention into every word that has fallen, and if there be any way in which he can improve his proposals on the Report stage, he will take it.
    Sir W. MITCHELL-THOMSON: We gratefully acknowledge the spirit in which the hon. Lady has met us, and we shall be grateful if the right hon. Gentleman can do anything. With regard to the time limit, may I suggest that, if the Government do not see their way to remove altogether the period of two years, they will consider inserting "a period of two years or the duration of the operation." If a man serve throughout the operation, that is the best criterion. I do not press for an answer, but perhaps the hon. Lady will be good enough to note the suggestion.
    Miss LAWRENCE rose in her place, and claimed to move, "That the Question be now put."
    Question put, "That the Question be now put."
    The Committee divided: Ayes, 229; Noes, 73.

    Division No. 34.]

    AYES.

    [7.50 a.m.

    Adamson, Rt. Hon. W. (Fife, West)

    Aske, Sir Robert

    Batey, Joseph

    Adamson, W. M. (Staff., Cannock)

    Ayles, Walter

    Beckett, John (Camberwell, Peckham)

    Alexander, Rt. Hon. A. V. (Hillsbro')

    Baker, John (Wolverhampton, Bilston)

    Bellamy, Albert

    Alpass, J. H.

    Baldwin, Oliver (Dudley)

    Benn, Rt. Hon. Wedgwood

    Ammon, Charles George

    Barnes, Alfred John

    Bennett, William (Battersea, South)

    Arnott, John

    Barr, James

    Benson, G.

    Bentham, Dr. Ethel

    Isaacs, George

    Richardson, R. (Houghton-le-Spring)

    Bevan, Aneurin (Ebbw Vale)

    Jenkins, W. (Glamorgan, Neath)

    Riley, F. F. (Stockton-on-Tees)

    Blindell, James

    John, William (Rhondda, West)

    Romeril, H. G.

    Bowen, J. W

    Johnston, Thomas

    Rosbotham, D. S. T.

    Broad, Francis Alfred

    Jones, F. Llewellyn (Flint)

    Rowson, Guy

    Brockway, A. Fenner

    Jones, J. J. (West Ham, Silvertown)

    Salter, Dr. Alfred

    Bromfield, William

    Jones, T. I. Mardy (Pontypridd)

    Samuel, H. W. (Swansea, West)

    Brothers, M.

    Jowitt, Rt. Hon. Sir W. A.

    Sanders, W. S.

    Brown, C. W. E. (Notts. Mansfield)

    Kedward, R. M. (Kent, Ashford)

    Sandham, E.

    Brown, Ernest (Leith)

    Kelly, W. T.

    Sawyer, G. F.

    Brown, James (Ayr and Bute)

    Kennedy, Thomas

    Scurr, John

    Buchanan, G.

    Kinley, J.

    Shakespeare, Geoffrey H.

    Burgess, F. G.

    Lang, Gordon

    Shaw, Rt. Hon. Thomas (Preston)

    Burgin, Dr. E. L.

    Lansbury, Rt. Hon. George

    Shepherd, Arthur Lewis

    Caine, Derwent Hall-

    Lathan, G.

    Sherwood, G. H.

    Cameron, A. G.

    Law, Albert (Bolton)

    Shield, George William

    Cape, Thomas

    Law, A. (Rosendale)

    Shiels, Dr. Drummond

    Carter, W. (St. Pancras, S.W.)

    Lawrence, Susan

    Shillaker, J. F.

    Charleton, H. C.

    Lawrie, Hugh Hartley (Stalybridge)

    Shinwell, E.

    Chater, Daniel

    Lawson, John James

    Short, Alfred (Wednesbury)

    Church, Major A. G.

    Lawther, W. (Barnard Castle)

    Simmons, C. J.

    Cluse, W. S.

    Leach, W.

    Sinkinson, George

    Cocks, Frederick Seymour

    Lee, Frank (Derby, N.E.)

    Sitch, Charles H.

    Compton, Joseph

    Lee, Jennie (Lanark, Northern)

    Smith, Alfred (Sunderland)

    Daggar, George

    Lewis, T. (Southampton)

    Smith, Ben (Bermondsey, Rotherhithe)

    Dallas, George

    Lindley, Fred W.

    Smith, Frank (Nuneaton)

    Dalton, Hugh

    Lloyd, C. Ellis

    Smith, Rennie (Penistone)

    Davies, E. C. (Montgomery)

    Longbottom, A. W.

    Smith, Tom (Pontefract)

    Denman, Hon. R. D.

    Longden, F.

    Smith, W. R. (Norwich)

    Dickson, T.

    Lunn, William

    Snowden, Thomas (Accrington)

    Dudgeon, Major C. R.

    Macdonald, Gordon (Ince)

    Sorensen, R.

    Dukes, C.

    MacDonald, Rt. Hon. J. R. (Seaham)

    Spero, Dr. G. E.

    Ede, James Chuter

    McElwee, A.

    Stamford, Thomas W.

    Edge, Sir William

    McEntee, V. L.

    Stephen, Campbell

    Edmunds, J. E.

    Mackinder, W.

    Strachey, E. J. St. Loe

    Edwards, E. (Morpeth)

    McKinlay, A.

    Strauss, G. R.

    Eimley, Viscount

    MacLaren, Andrew

    Sullivan, J.

    Foot, Isaac

    McShane, John James

    Sutton, J. E.

    Freeman, Peter

    Mansfield, W.

    Taylor R. A. (Lincoln)

    Gardner, B. W. (West Ham, Upton)

    Marley, J.

    Taylor, W. B. (Norfolk, S.W.)

    George, Major G. Lloyd (Pembroke)

    Mathers, George

    Thorne, W. (West Ham, Plaistow)

    Gibbins, Joseph

    Matters, L. W.

    Thurtle, Ernest

    Gill, T. H.

    Messer, Fred

    Tinker, John Joseph

    Glassey, A. E.

    Middleton, G.

    Toole, Joseph

    Gossling, A. G.

    Mills, J. E.

    Tout, W. J.

    Gould, F.

    Milner, J.

    Townend, A. E.

    Gray, Milner

    Montague, Frederick

    Walker, J.

    Greenwood, Rt. Hon. A. (Colne)

    Morgan, Dr. H. B.

    Wallace, H. W.

    Grenfell, D. R. (Glamorgan)

    Morley, Ralph

    Wallhead, Richard C.

    Griffith, F. Kingsley (Middlesbro' W.)

    Mort, D. L.

    Watkins, F. C.

    Griffiths, T. (Monmouth, Pontypool)

    Moses, J. J. H.

    Watson, W. M. (Dunfermline)

    Grundy, Thomas W.

    Mosley, Lady C. (Stoke-on-Trent)

    Watts-Morgan, Lt.-Col. D. (Rhondda)

    Hall, F. (York, W.R., Normanton)

    Mosley, Sir Oswald (Smethwick)

    Wellock, Wilfred

    Hall, G. H. (Merthyr Tydvil)

    Muff, G.

    Welsh, James (Paisley)

    Hall, Capt. W. P. (Portsmouth, C.)

    Murnin, Hugh

    Welsh, James C. (Coatbridge)

    Hamilton, Mary Agnes (Blackburn)

    Newman, Sir R. H. S. D. L. (Exeter)

    Westwood, Joseph

    Hardie, George D.

    Oldfield, J. R.

    Whiteley, Wilfrid (Birm., Ladywood)

    Haycock, A. W.

    Oliver, George Harold (Ilkeston)

    Wilkinson, Ellen C.

    Hayday, Arthur

    Oliver, P. M. (Man., Blackley)

    Williams, David (Swansea, East)

    Hayes, John Henry

    Owen, Major G. (Carnarvon)

    Williams, Dr. J. H. (Llanelly)

    Henderson, Arthur, junr. (Cardiff, S.)

    Owen, H. F. (Hereford)

    Williams, T. (York, Don Valley)

    Henderson, Thomas (Glasgow)

    Paling, Wilfrid

    Wilson, C. H. (Sheffield, Attercliffe)

    Henderson, W. W. (Middx., Enfield)

    Palmer, E. T.

    Wilson, J. (Oldham)

    Herriotts, J.

    Parkinson, John Allen (Wigan)

    Wilson, R. J. (Jarrow)

    Hirst, G. H. (York, W.R.,Wentworth)

    Perry, S. F.

    Winterton, G. E. (Leicester, Loughb'gh)

    Hirst, W. (Bradford, South)

    Peters, Dr. Sidney John

    Wise, E. F.

    Hoffman, P. C.

    Potts, John S.

    Young, R. S. (Islington, North)

    Hollins, A.

    Price, M. P.

    Hopkin, Daniel

    Pybus, Percy John

    TELLERS FOR THE AYES.—

    Horrabin, J. F.

    Quibell, D. J. K.

    Mr. Charles Edwards and Mr. William Whiteley.

    Hudson, James H. (Huddersfield)

    Ramsay, T. B. Wilson

    Hunter, Dr. Joseph

    Richards, R.

    NOES.

    Acland-Troyte, Lieut.-Colonel

    Butler, R. A.

    Davies, Maj. Geo. F. (Somerset, Yeovil)

    Allen, W. E. D. (Belfast, W.)

    Castle Stewart, Earl of

    Dugdale, Capt. T. L.

    Balniel, Lord

    Chamberlain, Rt. Hon. N. (Edgbaston)

    Edmondson, Major A. J.

    Beamish, Rear-Admiral T. P. H.

    Colfox, Major William Philip

    Elliot, Major Walter E.

    Beaumont, M. W.

    Colville, Major D. J.

    Everard, W. Lindsay

    Bourne, Captain Robert Croft

    Cranbourne, Viscount

    Flson, F. G. Clavering

    Bowyer, Captain Sir George E. W.

    Crookshank, Cpt.H. (Lindsey, Gainsbro)

    Ford, Sir P. J.

    Bracken, B.

    Culverwell, C. T. (Bristol, West)

    Fremantle, Lieut.-Colonel Francis E.

    Bullock, Captain Malcolm

    Davies, Dr. Vernon

    Ganzoni, Sir John

    2000

    2001

    Gilmour, Lt.-Col. Rt. Hon. Sir John

    Morrison-Bell, Sir Arthur Clive

    Stuart, J. C. (Moray and Nairn)

    Graham, Fergus (Cumberland, N.)

    Muirhead, A. J.

    Thomas, Major L. B. (King's Norton)

    Greene, W. P. Crawford

    Peto, Sir Basil E. (Devon, Barnstaple)

    Titchfield, Major the Marquess of

    Gunston, Captain D. W.

    Ramsbotham, H.

    Todd, Capt. A. J.

    Hacking, Rt. Hon. Douglas H.

    Remer, John R.

    Tryon, Rt. Hon. George Clement

    Harvey, Major S. E. (Devon, Totnes)

    Roberts, Sir Samuel (Ecclesall)

    Ward, Lt.-Col. A.L. (Kingston-on-Hull)

    Henderson, Capt. R. R. (Oxt'd, Henley)

    Ross, Major Ronald D.

    Wardlaw-Milne, J. S.

    Heneage, Lieut.-Colonel Arthur P.

    Russell, Alexander West (Tynemouth)

    Warrender, Sir Victor

    Hennessy, Major Sir G. R. J.

    Sandeman, Sir N. Stewart

    Waterhouse, Captain Charles

    Howard-Bury, Colonel C. K.

    Savery, S. S.

    Wells, Sydney R.

    Hudson, Capt. A. U. M. (Hackney, N.)

    Skelton, A. N.

    Womersley, W. J.

    Lamb, Sir J. Q.

    Smith, Louis W. (Sheffield, Hallam)

    Wood, Rt. Hon. Sir Kingsley

    MacRobert, Rt. Hon. Alexander M.

    Smith-Carington, Neville W.

    Margesson, Captain H. D.

    Smithers, Waldron

    TELLERS FOR THE NOES.—

    Mason, Colonel Glyn K.

    Southby, Commander A. R. J.

    Sir Frederick Thomson and Sir George Penny.

    Mitchell-Thomson, Rt. Hon. Sir W.

    Stanley, Lord (Fylde)

    Morrison, W. S. (Glos., Cirencester)

    Stanley, Maj. Hon. O. (W'morland)

    Question put, and agreed to.

    Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: I beg to move, "That the Chairman do report Progress, and ask leave to sit again."
    I am informed that over three hours have elapsed since we moved a similar motion and hon. Members must agree, in whatever quarter of the Committee they sit, that the spectacle during the last three hours has not been altogether edifying. As we had anticipated, the obstinacy of the Minister in insisting upon our discussing an Amendment which was in manuscript form, and to which a number of manuscript Amendments were put down, created the greatest possible confusion in the minds of hon. Members, and I regret to say that the confusion has been considerably increased by the irresponsible frivolity of hon. Members opposite and with every desire on the part of hon. Members on this side to undertake a serious discussion, it became almost impossible to sustain a coherent argument owing to the constant interruptions and loud laughter of hon. Members opposite. The Deputy Chairman was so impressed by the conditions prevailing, that he felt it necessary to appeal to the Committee to try and recollect the dignity of this Assembly and I feel that it does not conduce to the dignity of this Assembly that we should carry on under the conditions forced upon us.
    Mr. BROCKWAY: Sheer wicked mischievous obstruction!
    The CHAIRMAN: The hon. Member must realise that that will not help us to get on with our work, and I appeal to him to allow the discussion to go on without epithets of that character.
    Mr. SANDERS: Will you ask Members on the other side not to lecture us?
    Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: Hon. Members beside and behind me, I am sure, desire that the discussion of this Bill should be carried on in a calmer atmosphere such as would enable us really to give undivided attention to the merits of the arguments. We do not feel that it is possible to do that under the conditions which have existed during the past three hours, and for that reason I appeal to the right hon. Gentleman, now that he has got his manuscript Amendment, to be content with that at present, and to let us separate and come back again under happier conditions to complete our work.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: I explained on the Second Reading of the Bill that the Government regarded this as an urgent Measure, and it is necessary that we should get the Bill through all its stages in this House in a very short space of time. As I explained to the Committee earlier, if we are to pay pensions and allowances to over 100,000 beneficiaries on 2nd January, I must be in a position to have the necessary forms in the Post Offices by the end of November, that gives less than a month in which to do all that work. When the Bill leaves here, it has to go through the House of Lords, where it may be subject to amendment, and it will have to return to this House. I am anxious to get my Measure. If I could be assured that the Bill will be through all its stages by Monday night I would not object to the Motion. I want to be perfectly reasonable.
    If I can be assured that we can complete the Committee stage by Thursday night, and the Report stage and Third Reading on Monday night, and that we can get that as a perfectly firm under-

    2003
    taking, I have no objection to the Committee going to its well-earned rest. But that must be the only condition on which I can agree to a Motion to report Progress. I have been as patient as I could. I do not think that we have used the Closure unnecessarily, although that is a matter on which there will always be two opinions. In my opinion we have not, and if the right hon. Gentleman can assure me that we shall, before we rise on Thursday, have completed the Committee stage, and that on Monday it will be possible to complete the remaining stages of the Bill, I have no objection to accepting the Motion to report Progress.
    Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: We on this side of the Committee perfectly understand and appreciate the difficulties of the Government in the matter of time. We understand that, according to the Bill, benefits are to be paid by a certain date. That fixes the time at which it is necessary for the Measure to be passed. While we are entirely willing to try to accommodate ourselves to enable the right hon. Gentleman's wishes to be fulfilled, we do not consider that his suggestion is reasonable. His suggestion that the whole of the stages of the Bill should be rushed through by Monday night is one to which we cannot agree. We are anxious that the rest of the Bill should be discussed properly in this House, subject to its leaving here in time for it to be passed through its stages in another place, and in time to enable the benefits to be paid. If the right hon. Gentleman had suggested that we should finish the Committee stage on Monday, and then given us one day for Report and Third Reading, at a sufficient interval to see whether we would require to put down any further Amendments, it should be perfectly possible to get the Bill through all its stages before the end of next week—by Thursday night at the very latest. That, I am satisfied, would be ample time for him to get it through another place.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: It ill becomes the right hon. Gentleman to charge me with being unreasonable. We have spent 27 hours in Committee, and I have not got half of Clause 1. Had hon. Members opposite not used time unreasonably,
    2004
    they would not have found themselves in the position in which they are. We have spent an enormous amount of time on quite minor Amendments, and now find ourselves running short of time in which to deal with later Amendments. That is not my fault; it is the fault of hon. Members opposite, who pursued, hour after hour, the first two Amendments to the Bill. We spent four hours last week on one Amendment. We have had the whole of Monday, and 16 hours last night and this morning, and we have still got only half-way through Clause 1. I do not think that I am unreasonable when I say that it ought to be possible to give reasonable consideration to the Amendments of substance on the remaining Clauses in one full day. That is my view. We must conserve the time which we have now.
    Major COLFOX: The right hon. Gentleman says that a great deal of time has been occupied. I would point out that for the last four hours we have been discussing his manuscript Amendment, which has now been incorporated in the Bill, and which is absolutely and utterly worthless.
    The CHAIRMAN: The hon. Member might kindly confine himself to the question before the House, and not deal with what has already been accomplished in the Committee.
    Major COLFOX: The Minister complains of delay, but we are all anxious to make progress. The Ministerial party, however, has caused something like 20 Divisions and have occupied an almost interminable time in passing through the Lobbies. I have noted that we on our side have got through the Division Lobbies in about half the time.
    Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: I will make one more effort to see if it be possible to come to some agreement on this subject. It was not reasonable for the right hon. Gentleman to ask for the completion of the Committee stage on Thursday, and the Report stage and Third Reading on Monday. I suggested that the Report and Third Reading should be taken on Thursday of next week. I make thi3 further and last offer: that we will give him the completion of the Bill on Tuesday night; and we will finish the Committee stage on Thursday, if we can, and that if we cannot, we shall be allowed to finish

    2005
    it on Monday, it being understood that the final stages will be completed on Tuesday night.
    Mr. GREENWOOD: Now I think that we get to a reasonable basis. I said that I have only one wish, and that is to get this Bill through at the earliest possible time. If I can be assured that we shall be through all the stages on Tuesday night, instead of Monday night, I am prepared to accept the Motion.
    Mr. CHAMBERLAIN: We can only speak for ourselves.
    Mr. E. BROWN: If the hon. Members above the Gangway do not wish to report Progress, I would inform them that I have one or two speeches I could deliver. I think the suggestion is a reasonable
    2006
    one, and on our part we are quite willing to fall in with it.
    Committee reported Progress; to sit again upon Thursday next.
    The remaining Orders were read, and postponed.
    It being after half-past Eleven of the Clock upon Tuesday evening, Mr. DEPUTY-SPEAKER adjourned the House, without Question put, pursuant to the Standing Order.
    Adjourned at Twenty Minutes after eight o'clock a.m.

SCOTLAND.
  AGRICULTURAL CREDITS.
  AGRICULTURAL CREDITS.
  PIERS AND HARBOURS.
  PIERS AND HARBOURS.
  SMALL HOLDERS, ISLE OF HARRIS.
  SMALL HOLDERS, ISLE OF HARRIS.
  LAND SETTLEMENT.
  LAND SETTLEMENT.
  LOCAL GOVERNMENT ACT, 1929.
  LOCAL GOVERNMENT ACT, 1929.
  RIVER LEVEN POLLUTION.
  RIVER LEVEN POLLUTION.
  FISHING INDUSTRY.
  FISHING INDUSTRY.
  OATS (SUBSIDISED IMPORTS).
  OATS (SUBSIDISED IMPORTS).
  NATIONAL LIBRARY.
  NATIONAL LIBRARY.
  SCHOOL-LEAVING AGE.
  SCHOOL-LEAVING AGE.
  SCHOOLS, SCOTLAND.
  SCHOOLS, SCOTLAND.
UNEMPLOYMENT.
  SEWERAGE AND ROADS SCHEME, GLASGOW.
  SEWERAGE AND ROADS SCHEME, GLASGOW.
  PLYMOUTH.
  PLYMOUTH.
  DUDLEY TRAINING CENTRE.
  DUDLEY TRAINING CENTRE.
  INSURANCE CONTRIBUTIONS (REFUND).
  INSURANCE CONTRIBUTIONS (REFUND).
  WOOLWICH.
  WOOLWICH.
  MANCHESTER WATER WORKS SCHEME.
  MANCHESTER WATER WORKS SCHEME.
  EXCHANGES (REGISTRATION OF VACANT SITUATIONS).
  EXCHANGES (REGISTRATION OF VACANT SITUATIONS).
  ROCHESTER, CHATHAM AND GILLINGHAM.
  ROCHESTER, CHATHAM AND GILLINGHAM.
  PADDINGTON.
  PADDINGTON.
  RELIEF WORKS, BRISTOL DISTRICT.
  RELIEF WORKS, BRISTOL DISTRICT.
  DEVELOPMENT (LOAN GUARANTEES AND GRANTS) ACT.
  DEVELOPMENT (LOAN GUARANTEES AND GRANTS) ACT.
  TRADE BOARDS ACT (BOOT REPAIRING).
  TRADE BOARDS ACT (BOOT REPAIRING).
  BENEFIT.
  BENEFIT.
  EMPIRE SETTLEMENT, CANADA.
  EMPIRE SETTLEMENT, CANADA.
  COLONIAL DEVELOPMENT ACT.
  COLONIAL DEVELOPMENT ACT.
  TRADE DISPUTES ACT (PROSECUTIONS).
  TRADE DISPUTES ACT (PROSECUTIONS).
  ECCLESIASTICAL COMMISSIONERS (SOUTH SHIELDS PROPERTY).
  ECCLESIASTICAL COMMISSIONERS (SOUTH SHIELDS PROPERTY).
  HADRIAN'S WALL.
  HADRIAN'S WALL.
  MINISTRY OF PENSIONS HOSPITAL, COSHAM.
  MINISTRY OF PENSIONS HOSPITAL, COSHAM.
  LIGHTHOUSE, STRATHY POINT.
  LIGHTHOUSE, STRATHY POINT.
  BALANCE OF TRADE (STATISTICS).
  BALANCE OF TRADE (STATISTICS).
COAL INDUSTRY.
  S. R. COLLIERY, CROSS HANDS.
  S. R. COLLIERY, CROSS HANDS.
  PIT PONIES.
  PIT PONIES.
  MINING ROYALTIES.
  MINING ROYALTIES.
  JUVENILE EMPLOYMENT.
  JUVENILE EMPLOYMENT.
  EX-INSPECTOR SYME.
  EX-INSPECTOR SYME.
  POOR PRISONERS' DEFENCE.
  POOR PRISONERS' DEFENCE.
BRITISH ARMY.
  TIME-EXPIRED MEN, INDIA.
  TIME-EXPIRED MEN, INDIA.
  RECORD AND PAY OFFICE, WOOLWICH.
  RECORD AND PAY OFFICE, WOOLWICH.
  TERRITORIAL ARTILLERY.
  TERRITORIAL ARTILLERY.
  SCHOOLS, OFFICERS' TRAINING CORPS AND CADET CORPS.
  SCHOOLS, OFFICERS' TRAINING CORPS AND CADET CORPS.
  CAPITAL (EXPORT).
  CAPITAL (EXPORT).
  DEATH DUTIES (WORKS OF ART FUND).
  DEATH DUTIES (WORKS OF ART FUND).
  FINANCE AND INDUSTRY (COMMITTEE).
  FINANCE AND INDUSTRY (COMMITTEE).
  NEW ERA HOUSING SOCIETY, NEWCASTLE.
  NEW ERA HOUSING SOCIETY, NEWCASTLE.
  INCOME TAX (RELIEF WORKS GRANTS).
  INCOME TAX (RELIEF WORKS GRANTS).
TRANSPORT.
  CHARING CROSS STATION SCHEME.
  CHARING CROSS STATION SCHEME.
  WATERLOO BRIDGE SCHEME.
  WATERLOO BRIDGE SCHEME.
  MOTOR INSURANCE (THIRD-PARTY RISKS).
  MOTOR INSURANCE (THIRD-PARTY RISKS).
  ROYAL VETERINARY COLLEGE.
  ROYAL VETERINARY COLLEGE.
  LOCAL GOVERNMENT ACT (ASSISTANCE COMMITTEES).
  LOCAL GOVERNMENT ACT (ASSISTANCE COMMITTEES).
  REFUSE DISPOSAL (RURAL AREAS).
  REFUSE DISPOSAL (RURAL AREAS).
  POOR LAW (CASUAL WARDS, KETTERING).
  POOR LAW (CASUAL WARDS, KETTERING).
  SLUM CLEARANCE.
  SLUM CLEARANCE.
GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS.
  WAR OFFICE (DIDCOT DEPOT).
  WAR OFFICE (DIDCOT DEPOT).
  POST OFFICE.
  POST OFFICE.
  CIVIL SERVANTS (POLITICAL ACTIVITIES).
  CIVIL SERVANTS (POLITICAL ACTIVITIES).
  PARLIAMENTARY DRAFTSMEN.
  PARLIAMENTARY DRAFTSMEN.
  INDUSTRIAL STAFFS.
  INDUSTRIAL STAFFS.
POST OFFICE.
  SAVINGS BANK AMENDMENT REGULATIONS.
  SAVINGS BANK AMENDMENT REGULATIONS.
  NATIONAL MARK DATE STAMP.
  NATIONAL MARK DATE STAMP.
  TELEPHONE SERVICE.
  TELEPHONE SERVICE.
  GARSTON AND ALLERTON.
  GARSTON AND ALLERTON.
  AUXILIARY POSTMAN (CONVICTION FOR THEFT).
  AUXILIARY POSTMAN (CONVICTION FOR THEFT).
  NORTHALLERTON.
  NORTHALLERTON.
Preamble
The House met at a quarter past four of the clock, The LORD CHANCELLOR on the Woolsack.

FARNHAM ELECTRICITY ORDER, 1929.
Special Order to authorise the Farnham Gas and Electricity Company to raise additional capital for electricity purposes:
Laid before the House (pursuant to Act) and referred to the Special Orders Committee.

EDMONTON URBAN DISTRICT COUNCIL BILL.
Read 3ª, with the Amendments, and passed, and returned to the Commons.
MINISTRY OF HEALTH PROVISIONAL ORDERS (No. 11) BILL.
Read 2ª (according to Order), and committed for Tuesday next.
MINISTRY OF HEALTH PROVISIONAL ORDERS (No. 12) BILL.
Read 2ª (according to Order), and committed for Tuesday next.
MINISTRY OF HEALTH PROVISIONAL ORDERS CONFIRMATION (No. 13) BILL. [H.L.]
Read 2ª (according to Order).
CHILDREN (EMPLOYMENT ABROAD) BILL. [H.L.]
Read 3ª (according to Order), and passed, and sent to the Commons.

PROVISION FOR AIRCRAFT AT MALTA.
LORD STRICKLAND LORD STRICKLAND rose to call the attention of His Majesty's Government to the urgent necessity of better provision for civil and Imperial aircraft at Malta; and to move for Papers. The noble Lord said: My Lords, I rise to propose the Motion which stands in my

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name in the confident hope that the reasons for improving the number and efficiency of landing places and harbours for aircraft in Malta will commend themselves to your Lordships' House and ensure early attention to this great necessity on the part of His Majesty's Government. In Europe and America the development of aircraft has been extraordinarily rapid, and it continues to progress from day to day with astonishing results which concentrate our attention above and hardly give time to look below. The importance of Malta to the strongest commercial nation on the sea for the time being depends on its strategical position on the highways between the nations, and the object of the Motion now before your Lordships' House is to preserve for Malta, and for the Empire, the advantages in regard to air traffic that England and Malta have enjoyed in regard to shipping since the days of the early Phoenician navigators who founded Colonies on both Islands.
There is now for aircraft at Malta only one landing place on shore, and the harbour for aircraft at sea is not sheltered either for flying boats or for aircraft-carrier ships. The most suitable place for coming down on the water should be adequately protected without delay, and the one overcrowded landing place on shore must have adjuncts to meet naval and civil needs that are clamouring for attention. In the Bay of Marsa Scirocco a breakwater is imperatively required for flying boat development, and it is interesting to note that this breakwater was foreseen as a naval necessity thirty years ago by the then Commander in Chief, Sir Michael Culme Seymour, who realised that the area of the Valetta harbour would be inadequate. Amongst the Papers I am asking my right honourable friends to print, first and foremost is the estimate for this breakwater, which has long been discussed, together with any sketch plans that may be available. Publicity of these details may produce a consensus of opinion as to how the expenditure may be brought within practical proportions. Already in Gozo a breakwater is being built with hollow segments of concrete constructed on shore and floated to the site where they are sunk and filled up. The system of floating segments has diminished costs by nearly half, and it eliminates the danger of work being carried away during construction.
The main argument I wish to put before your Lordships' House is that whereas ships of war and flying craft become obsolete, sometimes with great rapidity, money spent for safe harbours for aircraft and for aerodromes leaves behind a permanent addition to the resources of mankind, and an equally valuable and productive asset whether the League of Nations succeeds or not in stopping future wars. We must have a high road to India, China, Australia and Africa by air, and nature has indicated Malta as the first stopping place. The recent development of the flying boat has made us independent of other routes. The Motion before your Lordships' House has become urgent because hitherto the main air route to East and South has had a tendency to be diverted from Malta to foreign competitive centres, because it is only recently that flying boats have been constructed to cover safely the transit from Malta to Egyptian territory. The importance of flying boats, in contrast with other aircraft, has apparently only recently obtained the sympathy of His Majesty's Government. It is now, however, established, and all the energy available with the Maltese and Imperial Governments should be concentrated to bring this circumstance to fruition, so that once again Malta may offer strategical supremacy in the defence of Western civilisation against possible and ultimately inevitable Eastern rivalry.
It is from the point of view of that development that it is now inadvisable that there should be no area in Malta open for civil aviation. It may be said that the time is past for advocating any war-like preparations. I do not share the view that wars are at an end. The League of Nations may put an end to minor wars, but we have had leagues of nations in history for hundreds of years past. We have had them in the East and in China, where they came to an end when somebody was sufficiently powerful to defy authority. In the days of Grotius, Papal excommunication was the paramount sanction; it failed. We now rely on threats to deny international credit and stop financial intercourse, but no war has been stopped by lack of paper money when men were available. Small nations may perhaps be kept at peace by Leagues and threats; but history will repeat itself, and the time

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must come when there will again be fighting to extinction for living-room on the face of the earth between the nations of the West and the less civilised and more reproductive people of the East. The last great crash between East and West ended at Malta, when the Turks failed to take that last rampart of Western civilisation because of the foresight in permanent preparations displayed by the Knights of St. John. Such foresight has not as yet commended itself to my right honourable friends on the Government Benches.
There are administrative difficulties as well as financial difficulties when rapid co-operation between two Governments has to be secured in Malta—difficulties in the construction of aerodromes and the enclosing of waters. It is essential that the control of air services should he absolutely in the hands of the supreme Imperial authorities. There can be no question, and there is no question of that. Nevertheless, there is a large civil population, and large claims for civil aviation, and experience and administrative knowledge are necessary in dealing with this matter. Naturally, when, as in the case of Malta, a Constitution is diarchical, it is only by clear understanding of the way in which constitutional governments can be adapted to working under warlike conditions at little or no notice that progress can be made. At the present time legislation on such questions is exceedingly difficult and cumbrous, and requires time, and there has been correspondence on divergent legal opinions as to the meaning of Clause 41 of the Constitution, which I think should be cleared up. The publication of the correspondence on the subject will facilitate a more general study of the problems, which are not problems referring to only one part of the Empire, but refer to other parts as well.
When one power in the diarchy has to provide the money and another power has to provide the authority difficulties must necessarily arise, and I think it is for statesmen not to give too much attention to mere ideals of the past, but to find practical ways out of difficulties, and the way out which I have suggested to my right honourable friend is that the power of the Governor to propose any Bill to the Malta Parliament about any question should be so extended that the
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Governor may have power to propose legislation having a mixed character and covering Imperial as well as local questions, provided that any such Bill is first approved by the Secretary of State. That would save a very great deal of time, difficulty and friction, and in the view of lawyers whose opinion is deserving of respect it is already within the four corners of the Constitution as it stands. It is difficult to expect the representatives of the taxpayers to vote money or to vote contributions to great schemes if it is said that they are not allowed to administer the money provided by the taxpayer. The view that the inhibition of the Constitution against legislation concerning air by the Malta Parliament also bars the administration may commend itself to some lawyers, but it is entirely impracticable. It is impossible to have two Ministers and two Governments in Malta. The Governor cannot possibly govern with his private secretary and legal adviser, and some way must be found for reconciling these difficulties. Suggestions as to that way appear in the correspondence which I desire to have printed. I ask your Lordships' House to support me in that.
I hope my right honourable friend will not feel that I am suggesting that Malta should be given Dominion status. Your Lordships' House is not the place for making any such suggestion. It can only be made in the Conference of all the Dominions at the proper time and in the proper place, and it can only be achieved by co-option. I am not asking for the production of these Papers in that spirit. I am the last person who would wish to see any diminution in the ultimate and effective control of all other air services—all military services and all naval services—by the supreme Imperial authority. But when long experience shows that the machinery of the Constitution has been drafted by persons who have not had the advantage of the experience of the past, it is, I hope, to be expected that the non possumus of the average bureaucratic mind may be occasionally overcome.
I had the honour, I think more than forty years ago, of being a colleague of my right honourable friend the Secretary of State for the Colonies in the Colonial Office, and I should like to congratulate him on the fact that one of those Bills which has been held up for

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months is about to be submitted at the next Council meeting for His Majesty's Assent. He has overcome many difficulties and contentions in a manner which has healed many disappointments, and established a useful precedent for the future. The procedure in your Lordships' House gives an opportunity for appealing to the judgment of public opinion which is not available in another place, and it is to be hoped that it is by discussion that the joint interests of this great Empire and of the individual units thereof may be brought under the influence of reasoned and careful judgment apart from political opinion. At the present time only two of the King's Ministers from overseas have seats in this House, but I hope the time may come when every one of the Prime Ministers of self-governing units of the Empire may have either a temporary or a permanent place in this Chamber. This would add, I think, to the usefulness and authority of your Lordships' House and would tend to revive its ancient glory and influence. It would also be an interpretation according to modern ideas of true democracy in the sense that word had when it was first introduced into political discussion and political science nearly three thousand years ago.
In these days public opinion has taken the place of authority, even of military authority, and it has to be originated in the Chambers where the Parliamentary institutions are represented. Public opinion is created here. It is afterwards manufactured and developed by the Press. This is a power of increasing importance in influencing this great Empire, because of wireless, because of broadcasting, because the whole world is become for psychological purposes as small to-day as, perhaps, the capital of this Empire was two generations ago. The authority of this House is as paramount as ever in creating public opinion, and it is for that reason that I have expressed the hope that better contact may be established with the King's Ministers overseas. In conclusion, I beg to express the hope that your Lordships' House will give support to the view that the time has come when more landing places on shore for aircraft and sheltered harbours for aircraft in greater number in Malta should receive the immediate attention of His Majesty's Government, for Malta is
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not only the most important centre of British power outside England, but the most important centre in the history of contact between the nations; and that this development will also receive consideration in every part of the Empire. I beg to move.
THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR AIR (LORD THOMSON): My Lords, I may as well recall your Lordships' attention to the Question standing in the name of the noble Lord. It is this—
"To call the attention of His Majesty's Government to the urgent necessity of better provision for civil and Imperial aircraft at Malta; and to move for Papers."
By "Imperial aircraft" I imagine the noble Lord, Lord Strickland, means Royal Air Force aircraft.
LORD STRICKLAND: Every sort. They must work together.
LORD THOMSON: I need hardly say that the desires and ambitious expressed by the noble Lord for seeing Malta a Clapham Junction of the air in the Mediterranean are entirely in accordance with my own views on the subject. I would submit, however, that the time is barely ripe for that yet. I do not suppose it will be ripe until the range of aircraft has been considerably increased. But it is, no doubt, a consummation most devoutly to be desired. The noble Lord referred also to various parts of the Island of Malta where he suggested additional facilities should be provided, and I think it may be of interest to your Lordships to know what is the actual situation in Malta at the present moment. At the moment there is a Royal Air Force aerodrome at Hal Far. This aerodrome was originally a civil aerodrome; that is to say, it was constructed by the Civil Branch of the Air Ministry. It has been taken over by the Royal Air Force because it is necessary to have a base on shore for use by the Fleet Air arm in certain exercises. In regard to that particular aerodrome, I may say that it is already very congested. It is not large enough for Air Force requirements.
LORD STRICKLAND: Hear, hear.
LORD THOMSON: There is also a seaplane base at Cala Frana, an auxiliary base at Cala Mistra and another at Marsa Scirocco. Those three places are little bays in the coast of

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Malta, with sheltered water very suitable for the use of seaplanes. The noble Lord suggests that a breakwater should be constructed at Marsa Scirocco in order to improve the facilities there. I am informed that the cost of that breakwater would be £25,000,000 sterling. That is a large sum, and at the moment I can hold out no great hopes to the noble Lord that (his sum will become available. There is another aerodrome projected in the interior of Malta for the Royal Air Force at a place called Safi. That is primarily to relieve the congestion at Hal Far, the only land aerodrome of the Air Force at the present moment. I believe (and this is the aerodrome that will most interest the noble Lord) that another site has been reconnoitred almost in the centre of the Island, near Ta Kali. I believe that is a suitable site for a civil aerodrome and that Sir Alan Cobham, during a visit to Malta, inspected it and pronounced it suitable for the purpose to which the Legislature in Malta desire to put it. There is no better judge of these matters than Sir Alan Cobham. I may say at once to the noble Lord that the Air Ministry will raise no objection whatsoever to that site at Ta Kali being developed as an aerodrome; but I would ask him to consult with the Air Ministry first regarding the general arrangements that are made for the construction of the aerodrome, because there will be this limiting condition about it—that in case of emergency it will have to be taken over by the Air Force.
The noble Lord has referred to some constitutional matters which do not fall particularly within my province but affect this question of aerodromes to some extent. With your Lordships' permission I will read Section 41 (c) of the Malta Constitution Letters Patent of 1921, which deals with the power of the Malta Legislature in regard to legislation. It provides that the terms of Article 4 Section 41 (c) shall not extend to the control and regulation of aerial navigation and the compulsory acquisition of land and buildings for purposes of aerodromes or for any other purpose connected with aerial navigation or aerial defence. That is the section to which I think the noble Lord referred.
LORD STRICKLAND: And Section 29. May we have that as well?
LORD THOMSON: I have not a copy of Section 29, but I think that is sufficiently precise for the purposes of our present discussion—"shall not extend to the acquisition of land and buildings for purposes of aerodromes or for any other purpose connected with aerial navigation or aerial defence." In other words, this question of aerodromes falls within the category of reserved matters. When faced with this constitutional question the Colonial Office, so far from doing anything to obstruct the project of the Malta Government which had in view the construction of an aerodrome—so far from doing anything to obstruct that very worthy purpose, has sought to overcome the legal difficulties within the terms of the Constitution in order to make it clear that from a practical point of view the project was approved and welcomed; that is, the project of constructing an extra aerodrome which, I imagine, is the real thing the noble Lord had in his mind when putting down this Motion.
With a view to reconciling the legal and practical considerations two alternative courses were suggested to the Malta Government, in a Despatch dated November 29, 1928, by Mr. Amery, the late Secretary of State for the Colonies. I would like to read them. The first was this, made entirely with a view to overcoming the legal difficulties imposed by the Constitution: that the Governor should authorise, say, the Maltese Minister for Industry and Commerce, under Article 31 (1) of the Air Navigation Order-in-Council, 1927, to administer the base. It was stated that such an arrangement should, however, only be made on the clear understanding that although the Governor would agree, so far as he considered it possible, to take the advice of Ministers with regard to questions arising out of the administration of the base, he was not bound to do so under the constitutional instruments. That was the first alternative offered to the Legislature of Malta. The second was this: That the Governor should give the Malta Government permission to establish an aerodrome in the same way as he might give such authority to a private person. It was suggested that he might do this by merely issuing to that Government, through one of its Ministers, an aerodrome licence under Article 8 of the 1927 Order-in-Council.

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I submit to your Lordships that those were two very reasonable alternatives as offered by the late Colonial Secretary. The noble Lord, Lord Strickland, appears not to have been satisfied with that and to desire that the Malta Legislature should be given power to legislate on reserved matters.
LORD STRICKLAND: No; only after permission by the Governor.
LORD THOMSON: It amounts to very much the same thing, I think the noble Lord will admit. In any case, I think what the noble Lord suggests is an amendment of the Constitution.
LORD STRICKLAND: Six words.
LORD THOMSON: An amendment to the Constitution of one word is quite sufficient to make it an amendment. His Majesty's Government, I may say at once, have considerable objection to meeting this view. It is based on the principle that certain matters must be kept in the hands of the Imperial Government, and that principle is very much at stake in the case of Malta. At any rate it is at stake while Malta retains its importance in the scheme of Imperial defence, and no amendment can be accepted. The principle underlying that Constitution must be upheld, but I do put it to the noble Lord that this particular case of aerodromes is of a border-line character—
LORD STRICKLAND: Hear, hear.
LORD THOMSON: —under the diarchical form of government. I appeal to him to work that form of government with all its difficulties in a spirit of good will. It is essential to the development of it. I feel that if he would approach this question in that spirit of good will an amicable solution would be reached. In conclusion, I may say that both the Colonial Office and the Air Ministry want the Malta Legislature to put up a civil aerodrome. We will do everything in our power to encourage and facilitate such an operation, but in order to reach that desirable end it is surely unnecessary to alter the Constitution. It is not only undesirable, but it is impossible at the present time. The noble Lord has asked for various Papers to be laid. His Majesty's Government will consider laying the Papers referring to his somewhat lengthy dispute with the Colonial Office. As to the other Papers in regard
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to seaplane bases I am afraid I cannot pledge myself to do anything of the kind without consulting the Admiralty.
LORD STRICKLAND: My Lords, perhaps this House will allow me to bear testimony to the ever-ready and efficient assistance which the Air Ministry and the officers working under it have always given to any effort to improve the efficiency of air communication in Malta and to advise the Malta Government. The noble Lord who has just sat down has pointed out that there are certain interpretations of the Constitution which must be interpreted with good will. There is the best of good will; there always has been, and there always will be, but your Lordships are aware that politics enter into the question when it comes to asking a legislative assembly to vote money. It becomes a question of whether those who support the Imperial authorities have a majority to carry a particular vote, and the difficulties in carrying important legislation with a majority of one are obviously very considerable if opinions are obstinately held as to varying interpretations of abstruse legal points on which the very foundations of self-government are at stake. I must say that, as one who has been brought up to the law and concerned with the drafting of more than one Constitution, my sympathies are decidedly with those who consider certain legal interpretations are probably inaccurate, and certainly unnecessary for the practical purposes of safeguarding Imperial interests, and I am sure your Lordships will agree with me that a prohibition in a Constitution "to legislate" must be read as a prohibition to perform the definite function covered by those words.
When certain lawyers construe that as a prohibition to do other things—into the prohibition of administrative acts by Ministers—it is not likely to be accepted by any self-governing Parliament, or by Ministers whose functions are transferred to others. A prohibition "to legislate" is not a prohibition "to administer," and until the curious Colonial Office interpretation of law is modified, there will inevitably be difficulties, with all good will, in persuading the majority of any legislative body in a self-governing unit of the Empire to accept what is considered a negation of self-government. It is true that Mr. Secretary

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Amery signed a Despatch in which he said "he was advised" that that was so in law, and suggested how work could progress supposing it might be otherwise. He did not say that he agreed with that, and I have been hoping that Labour Ministers would be more enlightened and more democratic in certain "interpretations," and more likely to sympathise with a small, progressive and self-governing nation.
At a time when the grant of Dominion status to others who have not progressed so far is being discussed, a progressive Ministry does not expect to go back to the interpretation of a former Government that might be considered on the face of it as being less democratic. The view that the proposed alternative is not quite safe, is a matter of regret. I feel as strongly as anybody could feel the necessity of upholding the Imperial power to the utmost degree in Malta when it is really necessary for Imperial purposes, but not when it is, perhaps, merely considered necessary to uphold some legal opinion upon which lawyers differ. It may happen that a Department gets committed to "an opinion" and finds it difficult to change; but Ministers overseas always hope that a change of Ministry in England may mean that the opinion of the bureaucracy becomes open to some modification. The noble Lord says "non possumus," there is going to be no consideration of any amendment. That, however, is hardly an attitude which is practicable where responsible government has been granted. A Governor can only administer through Ministers. If Ministers cannot carry votes, cannot persuade a majority, there will naturally be a deadlock, which is not always to be attributed to an assumption of want of good will on the part of individuals.
As to the sites for an aerodrome which have been discussed in the very clear and illuminating speech of the Minister for Air, your Lordships will have noted that he pointed out that there is now in Malta no civil aerodrome.
LORD THOMSON: It was put up by the Air Ministry.
LORD STRICKLAND: It was given with one hand and taken away with the other. Yes, there is no civil aerodrome, and it is the object of the Motion before
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the House to point out that it is necessary to have at least one somewhere. The last-mentioned site for heavier-than-air craft is the Safi site where the immediate construction of landing facilities is much more urgent than any other work as far as one can understand naval and civil needs in case of emergency. Money was provided for the Safi aerodrome in the Imperial estimates for this year. The Government of Malta was asked to co-operate in providing roads and to apportion land; and then when everything was being done hand in hand by all the authorities concerned, we were told that the Treasury had suddenly put a stop to the work.
May I again, in conclusion, refer to that which was the main argument which I ventured to submit to your Lordships' House—namely, that if the Treasury spend money on permanent works, that money is money invested, and not money burnt. Therefore, the reluctance of the Treasury in continuing its sanction of this expenditure at Safi or its decision to take it away when it had been publicly promised, really is a matter of Imperial interest. It is also one of those questions where local interest and Imperial interest overlap, and ought to be co-ordinated. These matters can only be co-ordinated by discussion, and by the publication of the Papers. May I point out also that one consequence of the withdrawal of Treasury approval from this site is to disorganise adversely to the Government the unemployment question. Unemployment has to be dealt with in Malta: it presses everywhere. That must be co-ordinated as regards Maltese funds with the amount of Imperial money about to be expended for Imperial works in Malta. And if arrangements as to the labour market, based by the local authorities on the amount of money the Imperial Government is going to allocate at certain periods, are suddenly unset, there is a disturbance of financial and political conditions which should be remedied by adhering to the promise. That is a matter which I trust and feel confident my noble friend will take the opportunity to set right by an appeal to the Treasury.
Motion, by leave, withdrawn.
House adjourned at five minutes past five o'clock.