Sitting of 16 July 1847

MINUTES.
NEW MEMBER SWORN.—For Cork County, Maurice Power, Esq.
PUBLIC BILLS.—2° Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction Amendment.
Reported.—Consolidated Fund (Appropriation); Fever Hospitals.
3° and passed:—Commons Inclosure {No. 3).
PETITIONS PRESENTED. By Viscount Morpeth, from Guardians of the Skipton Union (York), for Alteration of the Marriages Act; and from several places, in favour of the Roman Catholic Relief Bill.—By Sir De L. Evans, from Westminster, for Inquiry respecting the Rajah of Sattara.—By Mr. Hume, from Merchants, Proprietors, and other Inhabitants of the Island of Trinidad, for a Legislative Assembly.—By Viscount Morpeth, from Otley, Yorkshire, for Regulating the Qualification of Chemists and Druggists.—From Directors and Members of the Wilsden Mechanics' Institution, in favour of the Corresponding Societies and Lecture Rooms Bill (1846).—By Viscount Morpeth, from various Dissenting Congregations, against the Proposed Plan of Education; from Ministers and Churchwardens of the Parish Church of Eccles, Lancashire, in favour of the same; from Board of Guardians of the Todmorden Union, respecting the Prevention of Fever; from several places in Yorkshire, in favour of the Health of Towns Bill; from Barks ton Ash, Yorkshire, in favour of the Juvenile Offenders Bill; from Medical Practitioners of Bingley, in favour of the Medical Registration and Medical Law Amendment Bill; and from Southampton, for Alteration of the Municipal Corporations Act.

PARLIAMENTARY ELECTORS BILL.
MR. NEWDEGATEcalled the attention of the House to the fact that there was an error in the List of the Division on the Second Reading of the Parliamentary Electors Bill on Wednesday. The Ayes in the new lobby were stated to have been 52; whereas, on an examination of the list of names, it appeared that the number should have been 53. He moved that the entry in the Votes of the Proceedings of the House of 14th July on the Parliamentary Electors Bill be now read.
MR. SPEAKERsaid, all the tellers must join in a statement that they were satisfied an error had been committed before it could be rectified.
SIR DE L. EVANShad relied on the Member for Warwickshire (Mr. Newdegate), who was one of the tellers, and repeated the numbers after him; he must leave the matter entirely in the hands of the House.
MR. B. DENISONthought, before the tellers could agree that an error had been

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made, that they must ascertain whether that was the fact or not.
SIR B. HALL SIR B. HALL, as one of the tellers, would acquiesce in any agreement between the hon. Member for Warwickshire and the hon. and gallant General as to what the numbers were.
Motion, by leave, withdrawn.

PORTUGAL.
On the Order of the Day for receiving the Report on the Consolidated Fund (Appropriation) Bill,
MR. B. OSBORNErose to put a question to the noble Lord at the head of the Government, in the absence of the noble Lord the Secretary for Foreign Affairs, which would, he thought, be admitted to be of some importance, since the honour of this country was concerned. It would be in the recollection of the noble Lord, that by the second article in the convention or treaty between the Queen of Portugal and the Portuguese people, the Queen and her Government engaged themselves to pass an immediate revocation of the decrees suspending the liberty of the subject and the liberty of the press in that country. He found by the last Diario of Lisbon, that a decree had been issued by the Queen, in which she continued the suspension of the liberty of the press and of the guarantees to individuals for an indefinite period. He wished, therefore, to know from the noble Lord if he was aware of this; and if, on the part of the Government, he would be prepared to take any steps of remonstrance with the Queen of Portugal on that account?
LORD J. RUSSELLreplied: I am aware of the fact that the decrees mentioned by the hon. Gentleman have not been finally revoked, and that for the present they are continued. The hon. Gentleman, however, must know that the protocol—the agreement in which was to be the condition of the revocation—was accepted by the Queen, and rejected by the Junta. With regard to what has now been done, I have not seen the last decree, continuing the suspension of the ordinary liberty; but I can have no doubt that it is merely temporary in its character, and that it has only been issued until some general measure has been decided on by the Government of Portugal.
MR. B. OSBORNEwished, then, to ask another question. Was it true that the French and Spanish Ministers at the Court of Lisbon had entered a protest on the part
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of their respective Governments against the convention drawn up by Colonel Wylde?
LORD J. RUSSELL: They have objected to the convention.

METROPOLITAN IMPROVEMENTS.
SIR R. H. INGLISdesired to be informed by his noble Friend what hope there was of the measure with respect to the Chelsea embankments, recommended unanimously by the Improvement Commissioners, sanctioned by the Lords of the Treasury, and strengthened by a vote of 20,000 l., being proceeded with in the course of the present year? He wished also to know if the offer made by the Duke of Bedford to carry forward the improvements of Covent Garden had been permanently rejected; and if the second offer made by the Duke of Grafton would meet the same fate? It was to be regretted that the munificent liberality of the Duke of Bedford, in proposing to defray incumbrances, and to lend the sum of 42,000 l., at an interest of 4½ per cent, had been suffered to pass by the Government; and the only possible reason for rejecting such offers must have been in the circumstance that they proceeded from the relative of the noble Lord. Would the noble Lord now state if it was within his moral competence, as certainly it was within his legal competence, to accept the proposition which had since been made to effect the improvements in question, which had the complete approval of the Commissioners?
VISCOUNT MORPETH VISCOUNT MORPETH, in reply to the first question, had to state, that the delay which at first arose in prosecuting the works connected with the Chelsea embankments resulted from obstacles found in the Act, which prohibited the commencement of the work until certain agreements had been entered into on the part of the proprietors and owners of the land abutting on the Thames. Negotiations with those proprietors had been entered into; but the attention of the law officers attached to his (Lord Morpeth's) department had recently been so completely taken up with important Bills under discussion in the House, that they had been unable to facilitate the prosecution of this desirable undertaking. For the future, however, he could assure the hon. Baronet that no effort would be wanting to expedite the business.
LORD J. RUSSELL LORD J. RUSSELL, in reply to the second question, stated, that though the hon. Baronet was correct as to the facts, he had drawn a wrong inference in sup-

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posing the Government had any legal power to accept the offers which had been made. They had taken into consideration the amount which the coal duties were at present charged, and they could not have effected the improvements suggested without subjecting those duties to a considerably increased charge. It would further have been necessary to introduce a Bill for that purpose; and in and out of office he had always heard the opinion expressed that this was a decidedly objectionable source from which to derive the money. His right hon. Friend the Chancellor of the Exchequer had discussed the matter with him; they considered the question fairly and impartially; and it was from no fear of being attacked for undue favour to his relative, but because of the general principle involved, that he had rejected the offer. The same answer, therefore, would be given to the Duke of Grafton.
SIR R. H. INGLISdid not consider it would have been conferring any undue favour to accept the terms of the Duke of Bedford.

THE LATE SIR E. WILMOT.
SIR C. DOUGLAScalled the attention of the noble Lord to the case of the late Sir E. Wilmot, and read several documents forwarded from Van Diemen's Land, attesting to the general feeling among the inhabitants of the colony of the injustice of the charges urged against the late Governor. The family of Sir E. Wilmot had received the highest satisfaction from the tone of the debate on this subject on a recent occasion; and, in conclusion, put it to the noble Lord, if it would not be possible to intercede with the Crown, and obtain for the son of the unfortunate gentleman some such mark of favour as would be looked upon in the light of reparation for the injury which had been done?
LORD J. RUSSELLdid not think there was any public ground requiring the further interference of the House in the present case. He believed the son of the late Governor, the present Sir Eardley Wilmot, to be, both on account of character and intelligence, a very deserving person; but he could not in the least promise to fetter the discretion of the Crown in the matter.

THE RAJAH OF SATTARA.
On the question that the Report on the Consolidation Fund Appropriation Bill be now received,
MR. HUME: Mr. Speaker, Sir, I am
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compelled again to trouble the House with a few observations respecting the case of the Rajah of Sattara. I am quite aware the question has been several times before the House; but I can quite understand that if any man has been guilty of an act of oppression or tyranny, he does not like the subject to be mentioned at any future time; and if a man is in possession of an estate through the instrumentality of false documents or forged title-deeds, he is the last man to wish to have his deeds examined. Now, I really believe that the case of the Rajah of Sattara is exactly one of that character. He has been deprived of his throne; he has been treated most unjustly; he has been removed from his station by forgery and by subornation of perjury, and a most vile conspiracy. Now that being the case, I can make every allowance for those who have been concerned in sanctioning, in utter ignorance I believe of the real facts, the course of oppression which has taken place. But my only object now is to give such answer as I can to certain statements that were made in answer to my former speech, and in vindication of the proceedings. I do not intend to go out of that line which I have marked out, by which I shall be able to contradict in the stronges tmanner almost every allegation which has been made in vindication of the proceedings; and I mean to confine myself entirely to the case. I hope the House will have patience (I shall be as short as possible), as this is a question of great importance, involving the character of the Court of Directors and of the British Government, and involving also the fate of an individual who I think has been most unjustly treated, and is now an exile. In such a case I may be excused for presuming a little on the time of the House. Now, Sir, the first allegation against my proceeding that was made by the President of the Board of Control was this: he stated that I had alleged that the Rajah of Sattara was an independent prince; but the truth was that he was not an independent prince. It will be recollected that the right hon. Gentleman said that the Rajah was born in a prisonȔthat he was a prisoner—and placed in that situation as a dependant on the British Government. I beg to say that is wholly incorrect; that he is a descendant of the Peishwa in the Government; that all honours, rewards, and grants conferred before 1817—everything was done in the name of the Rajah by the

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Peishwa, who usurped his authority; and that he was treated as a sovereign from the moment he was escorted by the British troops to Sattara, where he was installed in great pomp as the Rajah of Sattara. I give this as a contradiction of one thing stated by the right hon. Baronet at the head of the Board of Control. But I will put another extraordinary case. In former debates it has been held, that the offence on the part of the Rajah was a political offence, and that as a sovereign offending against the treaty with England, he had no right to be tried as an ordinary man. If, therefore, the right hon. Baronet and Her Majesty's Government declare that he is not a sovereign, and never was a sovereign; and the hon. Gentleman the late Chairman of the Court of Directors said he was a dependant and a prisoner—if he was not a sovereign, then let him have the trial of a subject. The very reason assigned on former occasions was, "We do not think that his case comes within the conditions of being tried in the regular way, because he was a sovereign." If the right hon. Baronet declares that he is not a sovereign, then I ask justice for him as a subject. I hold in my hand the treaty concluded with him, under which he was maintained for twenty-one years as an independent prince, treated with all honours, and considered to be a pattern for all princes in India under similar circumstances; therefore, I do think it is too much to tell us at the eleventh hour, that he is not entitled to that consideration. Sir, I also beg to state that the right hon. Baronet, in speaking of the character of the Rajah, gave the reports of two Residents, who called the Rajah a "sly and cunning" man, being reports of him as a boy before he was well established on the throne. My answer to the right hon. Baronet is this, that the Court of Directors, the year before he was deposed, sent out a letter with the sanction of the President of the Board of Control, declaring him to be a model to princes in India; and on that account sent him a sword, with every testimony of respect and regard. On these grounds it does appear to me, that the allegations made by the right hon. Gentleman, in that respect, are altogether without foundation. Sir, the second allegation is, that Captain Grant Duff, under whose charge the Rajah thus raised to the throne was placed, reported to the Governor to the effect, that, in contrast with the Rajah's good qualities, he was very sly.
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But the right hon. Baronet, I must be allowed to state, ought to have been just in reading the preceding sentences of that very letter:—
"At all times when I have had occasion to ask explanation of anything that appeared improper, the Rajah has shown a very uncommon degree of candour. I have never discovered his having told me a direct falsehood, although he has several times acted contrary to my injunctions, and when I know it must have caused him an effort to avow what he had done. On the whole, his disposition for a native, is remarkably good. He is really grateful for what our Government has done for him; and at present, I do believe, fully intends to act at all times as he may be advised."
Then follows that single line which the right hon. Baronet quoted—
"Opposed to the Rajah's good qualities, he is very sly; and this he mistakes for wisdom."
This was read, and not the other part which I have read. It does, therefore, appear to me there was not that candour and fairness shown which might have been expected. Now, Sir, the same officer, Captain Grant Duff, who was the first Resident at Sattara, speaking of the present Rajah—the man whom we have placed upon the throne—after giving the highest character to one who has been deposed, adds—
"The name of the Rajah's younger brother is Sevajee, familiarly Appa Sahib. He is an obstinate and ill-disposed lad, with very low, vicious habits, which all the admonitions of the Rajah (the dethroned Prince) cannot get the better of."
This is the man whom we have taken from obscurity, and placed in the situation of a model prince, to whom the Court of Directors and the right hon. Baronet sent a sword, accompanied with the very highest commendation of his conduct. I hope, therefore, the second assertion is met. Sir, the third assertion was, that General Briggs had given an opinion unfavourable to the Rajah. Now, I must say, that the extract which has been given is garbled from a manuscript. That manuscript has never been printed—the extract was garbled from a manuscript—and the words immediately following those quoted by the right hon. Baronet, are decidedly in favour of the Rajah; and the Government should produce the entire document. General Briggs' opinion was founded on a report made to him by Abba Josee, who was the friend of Ballajee Punt Nathoo; in fact, he deserves the highest commendations. I therefore do hope that the right hon. Gentleman will not allow a garbled extract of that kind to run in opposition to what I

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quoted as the words of General Briggs, upon due consideration of the case. Sir, I think some hon. Members may not recollect the words which the right hon. Gentleman, in December, 1835, testified respecting the Rajah. This is a letter from the Court of Directors, and from the Board of Control also, saying—
"We have been highly gratified by the information from time to time transmitted to us by our Government, on the subject of your High-ness's exemplary fulfilment of the duties of that elevated situation in which it has pleased Providence to place you."
I have read this before; but it is so necessary to meet the allegations of the hon. Baronet (Sir J. W. Hogg), not now here, that I think it just—for I want nothing but justice—that the facts should be fairly known; and then I have no hesitation in saying, that the House will join with me in demanding justice. They say—
"A course of conduct so suitable to your Highness's exalted station, and so well calculated to promote the prosperity of your dominions, and the happiness of your people, as that which you have wisely and uniformly pursued," [for seventeen years and a half,] "while it reflects the highest honour on your character, has imparted to our minds feelings of unqualified satisfaction and pleasure. The liberality also which you have displayed in executing, at your own cost, various public works of great utility, and which has so justly raised your reputation in the eyes of the princes and people of India, gives you an additional claim to our approbation, respect, and applause."
He is the only native who has taken an interest in educating the people; and yet this is the man who has been dethroned and degraded. Sir, to show the opinion that was held at that time of the whole of this inquiry from the beginning, I alluded on a former occasion to a letter from the Court of Directors to the General Court in the year 1836, in which they say—
"We hope and trust that the orders of the Governor General have been, long before this, fully complied with by you," [to put an end to the absurd inquiry going on.] "In this belief, we suspend our judgment on these proceedings, till we are in possession of that of the Supreme Government. At the same time, we have no hesitation in giving, as our decided opinion, that it would be not only a waste of time, but seriously detrimental to the character of our Government, to carry on any further inquiry in the matter."
I therefore hope that I have satisfied the House as regards that assertion, that there is no just ground for it. Sir, another assertion, and I regret the hon. Baronet (Sir J. W. Hogg) is not in his place, was, that General Robertson was aware of the Rajah's intrigues with Goa. I am almost
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ashamed to venture on the word Goa, because the assertion regarding Goa has been treated by the right hon. Gentleman as too absurd to be considered a serious charge. General Robertson, who lived for several years in charge of the Rajah, that is, as Resident at his Court, and consequently had an opportunity of knowing him, was misled by the report of the inquiry, with many others; but on the 12th of February, 1840, he said at the India House—
"I discharge only a bare act of justice to the Rajah of Sattara, in declaring that during a period of nearly five years that I was Resident at his Court, I never saw any disposition on his part to think lightly of his engagement with the Company, or evince aught but gratitude for the advantages which had been conferred upon him; and I may safely say, that nothing occurred whilst I was then; which gave rise to any dissatisfaction either on my part, or that of the Rajah."
General Robertson then proceeds to notice the charge which has been made against the Rajah; but I think I have done enough in stating that single paragraph; and the whole of the despatch is to the same effect. To bring General Robertson's testimony, therefore, against the Rajah, does appear to me very unfair, and not consistent with the fact. Sir, another assertion was, that General Lodwick believed the charge of corrupting the sepoys, until he got home and made a speech at the India House. Now, it is very unfair to that gallant officer to make such a statement, because that gallant officer has stated (and he also was a Resident at Sattara) that at first he was deceived by the artful manner in which the forgery and conspiracy had been got up. But he very soon discovered it; and he states that long before the Commission sat, his suspicions were awakened; and the evidence of the soubahdars before the Commission confirmed him in the opinion that they had perjured themselves. His change of opinion was not first declared at the India House, but in a memorial to the Directors, written from Bombay in June, 1837; and two others from his country house in England before he came before the Court of Directors. That memorial is printed and on the Table; therefore his testimony cannot fairly be quoted by the right hon. Baronet the late Chairman, and that assertion falls to the ground entirely. Sir, another assertion in the speech of the right hon. Baronet was this. He read a long paper purporting to be a correspondence, to prove treason on the part of the

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Rajah. This was a letter from his Agent at Bombay, giving him the news of the day, and nothing more; and this he asserts to have been proof of treachery. Why, this is the most ridiculous charge that possibly can be. I will only read one or two words. This is the letter that the late Chairman read:—"Translation of extracts from copies of letters from Rungoba at Bombay, in September, 1838." Amongst other things, he gives the news of Neepalwala; he gives the news of the treaty concluded between Rujeet Sing and the English; and he says that such are the news, but whether they are true or false, cannot be stated. This is the trifling stuff which the hon. Baronet has brought forward. Let me tell you that this letter is one of those which were intercepted. There was not a single paper allowed to be transmitted, even by his own servants, from England or any other part of the world, without being intercepted and examined, after they had determined to remove him. While he was allowed to remain a sovereign prince, every correspondence between his own servants at Bombay and other places was intercepted, in order, if possible, to get materials against him. This is one of the wretched resources to inculpate him which entirely failed. He says, "various sorts of stories are told." He is just giving him the news, which I apprehend may be given by every resident. The right hon. Baronet knows that a news writer collects everything he can to fill his paper, whether it is true or false; and the most wretched stuff is very often put into it. This is the way he concludes a number of his letters:—
"What have I to do with this political affair? But as I have stated the facts above mentioned by the Sahib, I have written this matter which has come to my hearing."
This is a document which was read by the hon. Baronet, not now present, with a view to impeach the conduct of the Rajah, and to prove him guilty of treason. Now, Sir, the next assertion of the right hon. Baronet is one of much more importance. It is, that the Rajah had an opportunity of defence afforded him, and that he had a trial. Now, I take upon myself to say, in the most emphatic way, that it is impossible for any man to state that the Rajah ever had a trial. Twenty-four days were occupied in a secret Commission, and twice he was called in and heard parts of the evidence read to him; and his answer was, "Give me a copy of the charges made
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against me, and I will be ready to answer them." So far from that being done upon this improper proceeding—I will not call it by any other name, as the right hon. Baronet seems to consider that any attack upon a public servant is wrong—I will only say that Sir Robert Grant, upon whom so much depends, in a Minute of the 31st May, 1838, declares—
"I repeat the opinion, not meaning that there should be merely the form or farce of a trial, to be closed by a ready-made judgment, but that the defence should be fairly heard and impartially weighed."
So satisfied were they of that, that Colonel Ovans reports to this effect:—
"His Highness evinced throughout the whole of this interview, which lasted about throe hours, the utmost readiness and self-possession; he was at first embarrassed, but it was only the embarrassment natural to a person in his situation. Latterly, he argued with clearness and acuteness, took notes, and asked questions; and certainly did not evince the slightest appearance of aberration of mind. He requested a Mahratta copy of so much of the depositions of the two soubahdars and the Brahmin as affected himself, which was not at the time objected to.
Now, I beg the right hon. Baronet to bear in mind that the evidence was taken in English; it was translated into Hindostanee, and read to him in Hindostanee. He said, "I am a Mahratta; give me the charges against me in Mahratta, and I shall be ready to answer them." This was on the thirteenth day. Will the House believe that afterwards, when the Rajah applied for a copy of the evidence thus promised him, he was refused it? And what is Colonel Ovans's answer?—
"The only observations I feel called upon to make"—[this is a letter to the Government of Bombay]—"are with reference to what is stated in the third paragraph of his Highness's yad, on the subject of copies of the evidence taken before the Commission not having been given to him, and two of the members not having waited upon him before their departure from Sattara. As regards this, I beg leave respectfully to state, that the proceedings of the Commission being strictly secret, it did not consider itself"—[that is to say, the Commission]—"authorized to grant a copy of any part of those proceedings to any person whatsoever; and with respect to the two members not waiting upon his Highness, it was evidently expedient to avoid any ceremony of this kind, considering the circumstances under which the Rajah was then placed."
Here, therefore, is a contradiction which. I make in the fullest sense, and shall be able to prove by Colonel Ovans. Let Colonel Ovans be called, and he shall prove if his own documents are not sufficient, that the Rajah has never been tried; that he has never been heard; that he was pro-

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mised a copy of the charges against him; that he never did get it; and there is a report of Colonel Ovans's saying, that because the inquiry was secret, the Rajah could not have it. Now, if he was a prince, I repeat at any rate he ought to have had a copy of the charges that were made against him. If he was not an independent sovereign, let him have the common justice to which every peasant in the land is entitled. I think that will satisfy the right hon. Gentleman that he is under some mistake. Now, Sir, the seventh assertion was, that Messrs. Grant, Farish, and Anderson were convinced of the Rajah's guilt. I believe that before a great many of these things were discovered, and before the proof of the manufacture of these papers, they did believe the Rajah was guilty. But what I venture to say to the right hon. Baronet is, we ask for inquiry. Mr. Parish and Mr. Anderson are now alive. Sir Robert Grant is dead. We will prove, by the evidence of Mr. Anderson himself, the complete innocence of the Rajah, in regard to these charges which were trumped up against him. As regards Mr. Anderson, he is now, I understand, in town; and I shall be very glad to have him as a witness. To the next circumstance I have to bring forward, I beg the particular attention of the House; because, both the hon. Gentlemen denied it in the most emphatic manner. I stated that the Rajah had been taken from Sattara after his dethronement, and marched with a body of troops from his palace in the night. I read a paper in which it was stated that he was taken from his bed, put into a palanquin, and sent away. Now, mark what the right hon. Baronet stated, and which the hon. Baronet confirmed when I alleged that he was taken away from his palace and lodged in a place where cattle had been formerly kept. His answer was, that the Rajah had been taken to his country house. Why, Sir, the Rajah had no country house. I am prepared to prove that he had no country house, and that it is an utterly false statement to say that he had. He was taken and placed immediately in tents; he never was out of the tents from the moment he was taken from his palace until he arrived at Benares. I will not read the paper, because the right hon. Gentleman seemed to think it was an accusation made to work upon old women at public meetings. I have in my possession a letter from an officer who was police magistrate there, who commanded a party of
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police that went up with the regiment to surround the palace; and I have his authority for saying it. I shall be able to prove the whole of the facts I have stated, and, to show that there is some truth in the latter part of the statement, even from the documents themselves in the India House. When the report came home that the Rajah had been treated in a very unbecoming manner and with harshness, the Court of Directors sent this letter:—
"Political Despatch to the Government of Bombay, 2nd September, No. 10, 1840. We regret to learn the death of Balla Sahib Senaputtee while accompanying the ex-Rajah on his way to Benares."
Sahib Senaputtee, I must mention, was the commanding officer of the regiment who was allowed to die; for they would not stop one hour. The right hon. Baronet himself read the statement of Colonel Ovans. That was made when these facts came out. There are five individuals now in London who accompanied the Rajah, who will prove all these statements; and the right hon. Baronet shall be undeceived if be will agree to a Committee, a Commission, or an inquiry. The despatch was signed by Mr. Bayley and Mr. George Lyall; Mr. Bayley was Chairman, and Mr. Lyall, Deputy Chairman:—
"We regret to learn the death of Balla Sahib Senaputtee, while accompanying the ex-Rajah on his way to Benares. We cannot pass without an expression of our serious displeasure the following statement by Lieutenant Cristall, the officer in charge of the ex-Rajah."
Here is the officer's statement in charge of the Rajah:—
"He (the Senaputtee) had been unwell it appears a few hours before leaving our last ground; but I received no intelligence of his illness until yesterday mid-day, when several of the Rajah's people waited on me, requesting a halt, as the Senaputtee was in so dangerous a state that he could not he moved. I gave a denial to the request, imagining it only an excuse for loitering on the road, knowing by experience how great is their dislike to our system of continuing the journey on which we are bound. The tents, &c. which are daily sent in advance, were accordingly despatched; but at 3 o'clock, p.m. the Carcoons and others of the ex-Rajah's people came to me, with the news of the Senaputtee's death."
Now that is the officer's own statement. The Court of Directors, in noticing it, say in paragraph 4—
"We cannot consider Lieutenant Cristall to have been justified in taking for granted that the representation of the Senaputtee's unfitness to travel was without foundation. In the absence of the medical officer, he ought either to have consented to the halt, or to have requested a personal interview with the patient, and formed his

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judgment thereupon. We desire that the sentiments we have expressed may be communicated to Lieutenant Cristall."
Now, Sir, I could multiply the evidence to that effect, but here is the evidence of the Court of Directors; and I am sorry to be obliged to say even so much; but I am anxious to undeceive the right hon. Baronet, who I really believe is ignorant of the merits of the case, and will not give us credit who have examined impartially and judged from the documents themselves. Now, Sir, there is only one other point to which I wish to allude, I do not intend to go beyond the strict notice I have given. A dispute arose on the last occasion, respecting the conduct of Colonel Ovans towards Govind Rao. The name of Mr. Hutt was introduced, and I wish the House to understand what that transaction is. I am not going to blame Mr. Spooner, or Mr. Hutt, more than as officers employed in carrying out the orders of the Court. They carried out the orders of the Court, and I do not blame them; and I never meant to blame them. But what was the fact? Mr. Grant said—
"Govind Rao, we believe to be a conspirator with the Rajah, and we will ask him to deliver up his Minister. If he delivers up his Minister immediately, it will be strongly in favour of his being innocent of any charge; but if he refuses to give up his Minister, we shall consider that it implicates him to a certain degree in the charge."
The charge was made by the Resident to the Rajah in the palace. The Rajah said, "No such thing can take place; send for Govind Rao." He was sent for from his own house—he came to the palace; and the Rajah said, "There is a charge against you of having plotted against the British Government—proceed immediately with the English guard—they are going to put you in prison—they are going to examine you—I desire that you proceed immediately." He gave up his Prime Minister—and what took place? They immediately marched him to prison—I will not say it was a dungeon—it was a place where ammunition had been kept. They immediately sent and seized the whole of his papers in his own house, and brought them forward; and they kept the man for weeks together without being able to obtain any evidence whatever against him; and then Colonel Ovans recommended the Government to send him away. He said, as long as he remains here we shall not get any confession from him; but if you will send him to a place where he can be kept solitary, and inform him that he must
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confess himself to be guilty of treason, we may expect something. Now, Sir, Colonel Ovans writes to the Bombay Government, after he had kept him for weeks with all his papers in his possession, without being able to find one iota of charge against him—Colonel Ovans writes to the Bombay Government on the 24th of June, and says—
"The circumstance of the removal of Govind Rao from gaol at Poonah to a more comfortable residence, and his confinement being lately made less severe in other respects, leads the Rajah and his advisers to confide in the accuracy of these accounts from Bombay; all the letters received from thence are sent to the Dewan, and thus he himself, as well as his family, are buoyed up with the false hope of his speedy release."
Now, let hon. Members consider what would have been the result if Lord Melbourne, the First Minister of the Crown, should have been accused of improper proceedings, and should have been sent for to the Palace, and immediately, without any opportunity of returning to his own house, have been sent off to gaol, and all papers connected with him in his own house, and every evidence that could possibly be brought against him, seized for the purpose of bearing out a charge. After weeks had elapsed, with the power they possess, and under the circumstances which the hon. Member for Edinburgh has stated, showing how easy it is to get evidence against a man who appears to be devoted by the Government in India, they could not get any evidence against the Dewan. Then what did Colonel Ovans report?—
"In order, however, to dispel that allusion, as to Govind Rao's release, which threatens to throw such serious obstacles in the way of this important inquiry,"—[it had been going on eight months]—"I beg most respectfully to propose that the Dewan be sent immediately under guard to Ahmednuggur, and placed in strict confinement there; and he only be attended by his own servant, and that all other intercourse with him be for the present prohibited."
Now, Sir, this is the recommendation of Colonel Ovans. This is the way they get information in India. What follows? Mr. Hutt waits on the magistrate at Ahmednuggur, the brother of the hon. Member for Gateshead. He was absent at the time this individual arrived. I need not read the order of the Bombay Government directing the magistrate there to keep him secret. I will only mention that Mr. Grant says—
"If my colleagues concur in the adoption of this measure, I request that no time may be lost in issuing orders to the Session Judge at Poonah to forward Govind Rao, under a suitable escort, to

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the custody of the Judge at Ahmednuggur. The usual warrant should be addressed to the Judge at Ahmednuggur. That officer should be instructed"—
(This is the Governor of Bombay—this is the honest man who was desirous, as a lawyer, to obtain disinterested and honest evidence)—
"That officer should be instructed to place the prisoner in strict confinement, and to prevent his holding any communication with any person beside his personal attendants, or those in whom the Judge has confidence. Every attention, compatible with the above object should be paid to the prisoner's comfort and convenience. The Judge should be further informed that it is not likely the friends of Govind Rao at Sattara and Poonah will endeavour to communicate with him by letters, and that he should quietly adopt measures to intercept any communications of this kind, and forward them to the Government."
Now, this is the mode adopted against a man whose whole papers and everything he was possessed of had been seized—every body about him examined in order to extract evidence. This is the way he has been coerced. The Secretary to the Government also adds, in a letter to the Judge at Bombay—
"The Session Judge at Poonah has been instructed to forward the prisoner under a suitable escort, which you will order back to Poonah on your receiving charge of him. On the arrival of the prisoner, the Governor in Council directs that you will place him in strict confinement, and prevent his holding any communication with any person besides his personal attendants, or those in whom you have any confidence; every attention, however, compatible with the above object, should be paid to the prisoner's comfort and convenience. I am instructed to add that it is not unlikely that the friends of Govind Rao at Sattara and Poonah will endeavour to communicate with him by letter; the Governor in Council therefore requests that you will quietly adopt measures to intercept any communications of this kind, and forward them to the Government."
Now for the denouement, which will surprise the House. The measures which were adopted, are to my mind the most extraordinary. Colonel Ovans writes to Mr. Hutt to tell him—
"I will send one man, a relation of Govind Rao; you will admit him; admit nobody else."
The man was sent; it was the uncle of Govind Rao, a man who had been bribed into the affair; and he goes there and remains a considerable time. He being the only individual who could see Govind Rao, tells him day by day, "You see the Sahib is very angry; unless you make the confession they want you will die a prisoner. This was after the poor man had been in close confinement and in bad health. The right hon. Gentleman alluded to a
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former statement respecting a dark dungeon, which statement, I believe, was made in error; but he was confined in a fort. I would tell the right hon. Gentleman, which. I am able to prove, in opposition to what the right hon. Baronet said, that he never was liberated until the day after he made his confession; and this man was allowed to work upon his feelings and get a letter from his mother, who believed he was to die if he did not get out of prison; and under these circumstances the man made the confession which is given in the papers, and which immediately that he obtained his liberty he took every means of denying. This is the deposition that Mr. Hutt, in his letter to the Government, states that he had obtained from him:—
"I do hereby solemnly declare that my mother, Girjabhaee, did not prefer an urzee or application to the Resident or the Government, but that it was given by Ballajee Punt Nattoo (that is, the principal conspirator), through a karkoon, in the name of my mother; and the said karkoon now enjoys a pension under Ballajee Punt's administration in Sattara; that the depositions which I gave were exacted from me while I was imprisoned in a dark dungeon at Ahmednuggur; that considering there was no justice with Government, and that if I did not adhere to what the Sirkar (British Government) wished me to do, I would lose my life; I was therefore forced, in order to preserve my life, to give my statement in writing according to the instructions of Mr. Hutt. I do now state that it is entirely false and extortion."
This is the statement of the man when he obtains his liberty. He makes that declaration, as we shall be able to prove if you grant this inquiry. I requested the Government to send these documents out to Bombay, and they did; but they would not inquire. They took security from the man who had made the charge, binding him in 1,000 rupees. He presented a petition to this House, and said, "I am ready to prove by evidence and living witnesses at Bombay if you send out an inquiry; I do not ask you to go upon my evidence; I will prove by living witnesses the whole of this conspiracy." Why, Sir, when the papers were sent out by Mr. Shepherd, the then Chairman, with all the documents, what took place? I have often wondered that the right hon. Baronet did not, as an honest man, shrink from the course which was adopted. When Krishnajee's petition was sent out, and the Government directed an inquiry, what took place? Mr. Warden, the person who had charge of all the natives, sent for this man and said, "Is this your petition?" "Yes." "Why, you have charged

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bribery against all these men." "Yes." "You say you wrote the original paper which has been attributed to others?" "Yes, and I can prove it. I have my witnesses ready to prove all the allegations in my petition;" a copy of which I presented to the House of Commons at the time. Well, what followed; and I beg the right hon. Gentleman to explain this. Mr. Warden, the European officer who had charge of the business, sent for this man and said, "Are you aware what your fate will be if you cannot prove these charges against the Sahib?" "Yes," said he, "I am aware, but still I am prepared to prove them." Then Mr. Warden said, "Where are your witnesses?" He gave a list of his witnesses—bankers and residents, all alive; thirteen individuals. Then, said Mr. Warden, "I must take security from you, in 1,000 rupees yourself, and collateral security 5,000 rupees more." He took that security, and on the next day Krishnajee expected that the inquiry would go on; but, no; he never heard of the inquiry, and Government shrank back from the inquiry. They found that the whole would be out, and what did they do? They sent the charges to Colonel Ovans and Ballyajee Punt Nathoo, the two conspirators; I will not say Colonel Ovans was a conspirator; he was deceived no doubt by the conspiracy entered into by the natives; and on the Table are all the documents showing that after the proceedings had gone to a certain extent, and security had been taken with a view to the proceeding, Government shrank back and took the simple declaration of Colonel Ovans and this native, Ballajee Punt Nathoo, that this was wrong and entirely untrue. Living witnesses on the spot are ready to prove the truth of every one of these allegations. Now, if that is not a subject deserving inquiry, I know nothingth at does deserve inquiry. Mr. Hutt, in a letter to the Chief Secretary on the 24th August, says—
"I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, dated the 28th ultimo, and to inform you, that, by desire of the Acting Resident at Sattara, Sukaram Bulal, uncle to Govind Rao, the State prisoner, now in my charge, has for many days had free access to his nephew; and that I have also, at Sukaram's solicitation permitted his (Govind Rao's) brother to accompany him in his visits, their object has been to induce him to disclose"—[mark what Mr. Hutt says]—"what he knew regarding the late proceedings at the Sattara Court, in which they have been successsful. I had an interview with Govind Rao this morning, at which, after explaining the circumstances under which he was, as he describes
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it, reluctantly led to take part in them, he presented me with the enclosed, written, as he assures me, with his own hand, and which I had previously given him the means of preparing. The interview the Rajah and himself, herein described as having had with the soobhadars, took place, he says, in Thraoun Und, between the 27th August, and the 11th September; but the exact date he does not remember. Every attention has been paid to Govind Rao's comfort since he came here."
Now, I will prove that he was never let out of close confinement, until he made the declaration. He made the declaration on the 23rd, and he was let out on the 24th, and this is an extract of a letter dated the 24th. Mr. Hutt concludes—
"He now seems willing to communicate to me all he knows, and I have no doubt of being able to obtain from him any information the Government may desire."
Now, I will refrain from saying what I think of such conduct. I will refrain from saying that Colonel Ovans knew he was the dupe of this man; but does the right hon. Gentleman place any force upon what other individuals have done? Is he aware of what has taken place? Is he aware that one of the present Directors—a man in the Army, Major Oliphant, in 1845, recorded his opinion of Colonel Ovans, declaring that Colonel Ovans was in possession of papers for eleven months, which would have cleared up the matter; and that he never reported those papers for eleven months until they were found out; and then to prevent any remarks upon the subject, he produced them. In Parliamentary Paper 312, laid before the House of Commons during this Session, Major Oliphant says, "It is indisputably proved"—I beg the hon. Baronet to remark, that I am only stating the facts as they really appear; I do not of my own knowledge know these facts; but Major Oliphant, an Indian Director, with all the papers before him, and everything that could give him the means of judging, thus records his opinion—
"It is indisputably proved by the printed papers, that on the 7th September, 1837, Colonel Ovans was in possession of positive information as to the real writer of the petition attributed to Girjabhaee, which information completely falsified the evidence on that point previously transmitted by him on the 21st July and 12th August."
Which evidence was, that the mother of Govind Rao had been the author of that paper, and Colonel Ovans was in possession of proof to show, that she was not the author of it. Krishnajee afterwards was proved to be the real writer, and he is ready to prove it.

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"The importance of discovering the real writer of the petition, has been repeatedly and urgently pressed by Sir Robert Grant upon Colonel Ovans; yet that officer did not report the discovery to his Government."
Now, mark! Sir Robert Grant pressed Colonel Ovans again and again to discover the author; but he withheld it from their knowledge until the 16th of August, 1838.
"It thus appears (says Major Oliphant) that Government was permitted by Colonel Ovans to proceed for eleven months upon false information, and that he did not duly submit to them the declaration made to him on the 7th and 20th of September, 1837, by Krishnajee, the real writer of the petition, which was the very information that his Government so anxiously degired to obtain."
He further says—
"These are matters which ought, in my judgment, to be sifted elsewhere; but when I find positive proof that Krishnajee's evidence was not made known to Government at the time the matter to which it had reference was under inquiry, but was kept for nearly eleven months in the possession of Colonel Ovans; that Government demanded no explanation of this conduct, and that they now refuse to listen to charges preferred by this Krishnajee in the usual manner, after bringing himself within the jurisdiction of a British court, entering into heavy recognizances, himself in 5,000 rupees, and a friend in 1,000 rupees, to prosecute the charge, with the certainty of severe punishment if found guilty of defamation; that the proof of the charge is not to rest on his testimony, but on that of witnesses, a list of whom he duly furnished to Mr. Warden; and that the plea for refusing to hear him is the inexpediency of reopening the whole case of the Rajah of Sattara, even if these assertions were not solely dependent on the veracity of a person who, by his own confession, has proved himself to be utterly unworthy of credit—I consider it my duty to enter my protest against proceedings which appear to me derogatory to the character of Government, and an improper interference with the duo administration of justice,"
Now, Sir, I will not detain the House one moment longer. These are the principal points which were denied last week. I have now given them in detail, and I am prepared to prove them whenever the Government may think fit to inquire, either hero or in India. I do consider that I have given a decided contradiction to all those allegations to which I have referred. I am only sorry that the hon. Member the late Chairman of the Court of Directors is not present, because if there is any one thing' more absurd than another, it was his reading a paper giving the tittle-tattle of Bombay, to prove treasonable and treacherous correspondence with native chiefs; for that is why he read it. I am not in a condition, nor do I wish to do so, to make any Motion in this stage. I have put on the Orders of the Day a notice for the
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production of certain papers. It having been intimated to me by a Member of Her Majesty's Government, that there would be no objection to the production of these papers, I had intended to take these papers, after making this explanation, which I only do, in order that it may not be believed that I have troubled the House about a question which may appear of little consequence; but it is a question in which the character of the British Government is concerned—in which the character of officers of the public service is concerned—and in which I say that justice, beyond all things, is concerned. Sir, I will conclude by reading the last paragraph of the petition which I placed on the Table of the House, written by the Rajah from his present place of exile; and this is what he asks; this is what he demands from a British Parliament. This petition is printed, and on the Table of the House. It was presented on the 8th of June, 1842. In it is contained this paragraph:—
"Wherefore your petitioner respectfully solicits from your honourable House a consideration of his case, and of the treatment he has received, as well as the high character he has invariably maintained amongst his people and the princes of India; while he implores from your honourable House that justice which, had his lot been that of a peasant, it would have been his right to claim from the laws of the British realm. He cannot forget that it is as a dethroned and exiled Prince that he appeals to your honourable House. He trusts that the vast power which has been placed by Divine Providence in the hands of the Government of Great Britain, will not he exercised to his continued wrong; and be hopes the injustice and degradation which he has suffered in innocence will not be permitted to appear on the page of history, to tarnish the glory of the British name, and the conduct and character of that Government in India towards a Sovereign, once its honoured ally, now its helpless prisoner."
Now, that is his appeal made to this House. I have stated, that my only desire is, an inquiry in whatever way the Government may appoint it. Let justice be done by a trial. The Rajah has never had a trial; and upon that ground I have now troubled the House. I am ashamed of the time I have occupied; but the strong impression which the case has made upon my mind, must be my excuse for having done so.
SIR J. C. HOBHOUSE: Mr. Speaker, I hope the House will permit me to say a few words. The fact is, that I was not prepared for the debate coming on previously to the Notices on the Paper. Having heard my hon. Friend's speech, I must take the liberty of saying, that it was in answer to what I said several days ago.

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If I were to follow his example, I should postpone my answer, which would be much more convenient to the House. I beg to say, that having on a previous occasion spoken more than two hours and a half upon this subject—having, I am afraid, tired the House—and having, I am quite certain, tired myself, I do not know that I am called upon to take any particular notice of what has been said by the hon. Gentleman. The fact is, that I have come to as complete a conviction with respect to this case as the hon. Member; and it is a totally different opinion from that of the hon. Member. On the former occasion, I showed that every competent authority which was capable of forming an opinion, had come to the conclusion that the Rajah was guilty. I beg leave to tell my hon. Friend, that when I read those opinions I certainly did not conceal the fact that General Robertson had given a favourable opinion. I never concealed the fact that General Briggs had given a favourable opinion; I never concealed the fact that Captain Grant Duff had spoken very favourably of the Rajah. All that I said was this—that at an early period, when our Residents came to have a knowledge of the character of this prince, they had a certain distrust of him. With respect to the opinions of General Briggs and Colonel Lodwick, I contend that the opinion they gave when they were on the spot—when the case had recently happened—and when they had the best means of forming an opinion—is worth more than the decision to which they came in after days, when they were not responsible for their opinions; and, moreover, the opinion of General Lodwick was given on oath (and I read it), he then being Resident at Sattara. Sir, I could go into details, and I think I could satisfy the House, that there is not a single assertion which my hon. Friend has made with respect to some parts of the evidence to which he has alluded, upon which I could not bring counter assertions; and more particularly there is one to which I must allude, because my hon. Friend laid great stress upon it. He alluded to the statement of one witness who came from Bombay; and I will tell you what was the opinion of the Bombay Government upon that witness. It is the case of Krishnajee, to which the hon. Gentleman has alluded. The Governor of Bombay, General Arthur, and two other gentlemen, being then the Government of Bombay, these papers which have been mentioned by my hon.
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Friend having been referred to them, together with Krishnajee's information in reference to them, gave this opinion, with which my hon. Friend is acquainted:—
"It has now, we trust," says Sir George Arthur, "been proved to the entire satisfaction of your honourable Court, that the principal allegations contained in the documents forwarded to Mr. Hume, are false and unfounded. Before, however, concluding our remarks upon this subject, we cannot forbear observing, that as regards that portion of the allegations which arise out of the statements of Krishnajee Suddasew Bhidday, it appears remarkable that Mr. Hume should have attached importance to the assertions of a person who has so shamelessly declared that he was induced by Ballajee Punt Nathoo" (this is his own confession), "under the promise of a present of 1,250 rupees and a pension, to forge the name of Geerjabhye to a letter which he alleges he wrote in that lady's name without her knowledge."
Now, this person who is said to have given the important information upon which this pretended conspiracy against the Rajah was founded, having turned out to be a man who was obliged, in order to be listened at all, to own that he himself had been guilty of a forgery, I should like to know how my hon. Friend came to attach importance to the information of this man. [Mr. HUME: Not to that man.] Yes; upon whom the whole of the information was founded. Sir, with respect to the charges which my hon. Friend brought against Mr. Hutt, I am sorry I did not know the debate would come on so early, because I have not the papers here. My hon. Friend admitted that the first charge brought by Govind Rao, who was the Prime Minister of the Rajah, was that he was confined in a dark dungeon; but afterwards, when he came to be reminded that he had better correct the statement about the dark dungeon, it turned out to be a very convenient apartment; and my hon. Friend was obliged to own that Govind Rao was obliged to correct that part of his evidence. It may be seen, therefore, how this matter has been got up; and it turns out that instead of having extorted evidence from Govind Rao (as my hon. Friend had mentioned), we have at least the testimony of Mr. Hutt himself, whose testimony I shall believe, unless some good proof to the contrary is given, that no such thing took place, and that the confession of this man was entirely voluntary. I see an hon. Member opposite, Mr. Hutt's brother, who will confirm my statement that this man confessed voluntarily; and that it was only when he was practised upon afterwards by

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certain parties, who are interested in disproving all these charges against the Rajah, that Govind Rao came forward to make all these charges, and embody them in an amended petition, where it is true that the charge about the dungeon is dropped, but where the charge respecting the extortion of the confession still appears. Sir, with respect to the character of another man who has been assailed, although I confess it is but natural to take up a case that may be considered one of great hardship, and a man may occasionally he led astray by his feelings—but the hon. Gentleman calls Colonel Ovans and Ballajee Punt Nathoo conspirators—he drops the accusation against Colonel Ovaus, I think very properly, and he makes the accusation against Ballajee Punt Nathoo, Now, from the day of Mr. Elphinstone, the chief mover of this treaty, up to this time, I doubt whether there has been a single native in that part of the country whose character stands higher than this man who is charged with being concerned in a conspiracy to dethrone this unhappy Prince. Sir, with respect to the charge of harsh treatment while on the road to Benares, I read from the blue-blook testimony which appeared to me to be satisfactory; and the appeal was made, not by Colonel Ovans to officers who are able to prove whether what he said about the charge of this monstrous hardship—which, if the charge were well grounded, reflected great disgrace upon the parties who were guilty of such conduct—was true or false; but I read the appeal made to parties cognizant of the fact; and nothing that has been said by the hon. Gentleman, he must excuse me for saying, has at all disproved those statements. I grant that my hon. Friend has said there is a difference of opinion upon this case; I grant that in the Court of Directors, very honourable men, Mr. Tucker, the Chairman, Major Oliphant, and others, have taken a different view of this question; but in all these matters we must, as in the House of Commons, be led by the majority; and, remembering the tribunals before which the case was brought in India at the time—persons who had no interest whatever in coining to a wrong and unjust decision—I say that, upon the whole, we must take the uniform decision, without one single exception, of three Governments of Bombay, of two Governments of India, the Supreme Government of India, and every person before whom this matter was brought—we must take
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their opinion, backed by the authority of the majority of the Court of Directors—backed by the decision of Parliament on several occasions—backed by the decision of the Court of Proprietors (as my hon. Friend said) about nineteen times. We have no means of forming a judgment except by referring to the opinions of those who, according to the constitution of the country, are called upon to decide. I said the other day, that if the Court of Directors and the House of Commons are not thought competent to decide these matters, and they must be taken before Commissions or before Committees, why of course it is in the province of the House of Commons so to direct. On the present occasion, as my hon. Friend has told us, we cannot come to a decision; but we did come to a decision the other evening; and in spite of the pleasantry of my hon. Friend the Member for Montrose, I think that was a very fair decision, although he would make out that he was in a majority of nine. If he got a majority of nine, I should have thought my hon. Friend had better have been contented with it; for if that fact is plain, I would not advise him to try to get a greater majority. As the hon. Member has come to the happy conclusion that he obtained a majority of nine independent Members, I should have advised him not to have brought forward this Motion. Now, Sir, I have a word to say with respect to these papers, because I think it is a most important case. I beg the attention of the House to this, because it is really of very considerable importance. My hon. Friend's first Motion for Papers was entirely different, or was of a different nature, from that which now stands on the paper. I beg the attention of the House to this point, because it is one of very considerable importance. The House will recollect that one of the points which my hon. Friend laboured with considerable success, and by which he made a considerable impression on the House, was that this imprisoned Rajah had certain proposals made to him, which proposals were, that if he would resign his claims to the sovereignty of Sattara, he should have certain advantages in return for the abandonment of his claim; and that he most indignantly rejected those proposals. That was asserted in a speech made by the celebrated Mr. George Thompson, whose name has been mentioned so frequently before in the Court of Proprietors; and that assertion being made,

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conveying certainly a very grave charge, it was thought necessary by the Secret Committee that the paper read by Mr. Thompson to the Court of Proprietors should be sent out to the Governor General, in order that he might inquire whether or not the assertions made by Mr. Thompson were true, and whether the assertions in a letter that he read, purporting to come either from the Rajah himself, or from a person employed by him at Benares, who was cognizant of the fact, were true. The whole document containing the letter read by Mr. Thompson in the India House, giving an account of those proposals and of the indignant rejection of them by the Rajah, was sent to the Governor General. The hon. Gentleman read the letter (it was one of those letters which came in such an extraordinary way on Mr. Thompson's breakfast table); but he did not read the answer. I will read the answer to the House; and that will show the value of some of those charges which have been brought against the parties who have had the care of the Rajah, and who have had the conduct of this affair. This is a letter from the Governor General, directed to the Secret Committee; and I hope Gentlemen will have the kindness to attend to it. [Mr. HUME: What date?] The noble Lord the Member for Lynn will perhaps have the kindness to attend to this letter, because this is an answer to all these charges; and the House will be able, from the value of these charges, to estimate the probable value of some others. This is a letter from the Governor General:—
"Simla, June 7th, 1846.
"To the Secret Committee of the East Indian Company. Hon. Sir—In accordance with the instructions contained in your Committee's despatch of the 24th of March last, I transmitted a copy of the inclosure (that is to say, Mr. Thompson's charge) to Major Carpenter, with a request that he would submit any explanation he might desire to offer relative to the propositions which he was alleged to have made to the ex-Rajah of Sattara. Major Carpenter's answer, in which he distinctly denies having made the alleged propositions to the ex-Rajah, together with the letter I have caused to be addressed to him in reply, expressing my setiments on the conduct he appears to have pursued towards that Chief, and the communications he has been in the habit of holding with him, are herewith forwarded for your information."
Now comes Major Carpenter's letter to the Governor General; and I intend to lay the whole of the papers on the Table of the House. Now hear what Major Carpenter says with respect to these allegations of Mr. Thompson:—
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"The tone and spirit, and meaning of the alleged conversation thus minutely recorded, are so utterly at variance with the numerous consultations I have held with the Rajah regarding the general state of his affairs, that I must at once pronounce the greater part of the conversations stated to have passed between him and myself in September last purely imaginary;"—
(This proposal, which was so indignantly rejected—which the Rajah would not hear of for a moment—Major Carpenter says is—"purely imaginary!")
—"and to declare that the propositions therein detailed were never, then or at any other period, directly or indirectly, made by me to the Rajah of Sattara, either on my own responsibilty, or on the authority of the Governor General."
This is Major Carpenter's letter in which he denies the whole of the story (and which shows the fidelity with which Major Carpenter has acted, so far as he is concerned), it will appear by the following paragraph that those who ought to have undeceived the mind of my hon. Friend, have behaved extremely ill to him; for the Rajah wrote to England, or somebody wrote for him, to correct this error. I hope the Agent will hear what I am saying—that the Rajah wrote to England to tell him to correct this misstatement, and that that correction has never been conveyed to my hon. Friend, for if it had been conveyed to him, he certainly would have been the last man to have made this allegation. I will read the passage which shows that to have been the case:—
"At the same time I desire not to impeach the varacity either of the Rajah or of his friends in England, for I am assured by His Highness that the whole affair has arisen from a mistaken interpretation of the object of his communications, and that the moment he became aware of the erroneous impression his letters had produced, which it appears he did in March last, he wrote to his Vakeel on the 4th of that month to correct it."
And yet the document which would have saved my hon. Friend a great deal of what he said the other evening—which would indeed have saved the whole—has never been conveyed to my hon. Friend; and the consequence has been, that this fiction has gone the round of all the public papers, and has been made one of the staple commodities on which this charge has been concocted. Sir, I have very little more to address to the House; indeed I ought to apologize for having said so much; however, I am obliged to say something in reply to what has fallen from my hon. Friend. I will only make one or two remarks. It is important to remember, that all those who have come to the decision which has been already mentioned (which I think

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just, but which my hon. Friend thinks unjust), had no possible interest in coming to that decision. This is not a charge, as the Indian Governments were charged in former times, of getting an acquisition of territory; for what have they done? They might, if they had pleased, have resumed the territory; there was nothing to prevent them; they made no bargain with this prince, except that as long as he continued to observe the terms of the treaty, he should be on the throne. There was no necessity to put his brother on the throne; they might have resumed the territory and absorbed it in the great Indian empire. They did no such thing. There were persons who thought that ought to be done; but it was the opinion of those who had the management of affairs in India at that time, that it would be better to place his brother on the throne. My opinion is, that we should not have heard so much of the alleged injustice, if the territory had been resumed; but that putting the brother on the throne has given rise to greater jealousies and heart burnings than would have been the case supposing the territory had been taken. Sir, reference has been made by my hon. Friend to the bad character of the brother of the Rajah, whom we have put on the throne. But I am happy to inform the House that since he has been on the throne he has behaved with exemplary propriety, and that one of the very first things he did was to do that which was not accomplished before, namely, to abolish the rite of suttee, which in that part of the country had been as it were wrapped up in the very usages of the country, and which had not been abolished, although an attempt had been made to do so. The prince who is now on the throne has abolished that rite; he has in every particular conformed to the treaty; but in consequence of the agitation of this question (of which I do not in the least complain—his life is not an agreeable one, any more than that of the President of the Board of Control) by my hon. Friend and those who take an interest in the restoration of Purtaub Shean, I can assure my hon. Friend that the present Rajah is in a state of great agitation; and well may he be so, for he thinks he is likely to be dethroned also. Now, I, for one, am convinced that what has been done must be maintained. I have given my reasons for that conviction; and therefore the House and my hon. Friend, will not be
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surprised if I say that I cannot consent to the terms of his Motion.
GENERAL MORRISON: Mr. Speaker, when I was in India, I took an official part in the case of the Rajah of Sattara, as a Member of the Government of India, and I went through the papers with great care. It appeared to me that the evidence was quite conclusive—that the Rajah had acted with hostile intentions towards his benefactors, and in breach of the treaty. That was my opinion at the time; and I have seen no reason to change it. Any one who will take the pains to peruse the Minute of Sir Robert Grant, which traces out the evidence in all its bearings, and also to compare the evidence taken by different magistrates at different places, which corroborates other important evidence, will find that there is quite sufficient to establish the guilt of the Rajah. No one could be better qualified for so intricate an investigation than Sir Robert Grant, whose very high character and abilities have never been called in question.
MR. WAKLEY: Mr. Speaker, from the situation which the gallant General who last addressed the House occupied, it was not my good fortune to hear one sentence or a single word that he uttered. I regret that the more, because I understand that the gallant General had some personal knowledge of the case in India, and knew many of the parties whose conduct has been impeached, whether justly or unjustly I do not say. Now, the right hon. Baronet the President of the Board of Control, commenced his speech by saying, that he had come to a directly opposite conviction from that of my hon. Friend the Member for Montrose; and he also stated, at the end of his speech, that what had been done must be maintained, and that in fact it cannot he altered. Now, Sir, the right hon. Baronet may be sincere in his conviction; but at the same time I am quite confident that in the part which my hon. Friend opposite has taken, the right hon. Baronet does not doubt the sincerity of the conviction at which that hon. Gentleman has arrived. Now, my hon. Friend has upon a variety of occasions brought this extraordinary case before the. House. At the present time it is not properly before the House; and the discussion, considering the circumstances of the case, although it may be useful, does not occupy its best position, because there is no Motion before the House upon which it can be called to

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express an opinion. That, however, is not the fault of my hon. Friend the Member for Montrose. He has, on a variety of occasions, endeavoured to bring the question before the House in a proper manner; and upon a recent occasion, during the present Session, he obtained a division; and in that division he believed he had a majority of the votes of the independent Members of this House in his favour. The hon. Baronet asks why he is not content if he has that majority? Why, Sir, my hon. Friend is not content to leave the case in its present state, because the question has not been brought to that issue which he desires. The object of my hon. Friend is, to obtain for the Rajah of Sattara a trial. His object is, to obtain for that persecuted and ill-used man an opportunity of proving whether he has been guilty or not of the foul charges which have been made against him. I lament that, in these discussions, accusations have been made so frequently against other persons; but it is my conviction—as it certainly is that of my hon. Friend—that he has been compelled, in justice to the persecuted man whose cause he advocates, to make all the statements he has done. It is not his fault—it is his misfortune—that he has been compelled to make such allegations; but I would ask the right hon. Baronet whether he really does consider that this case can rest where it now stands? I would ask him seriously, as a man of honour, as a gentleman, and as an advocate for liberal and just principles, whether he believes that the English public will be content to see a man treated as the Rajah of Sattara has been treated, who has never had an opportunity to this very hour of facing his accusers, and being heard in his defence? Why, what would have been said if it had been one of the poorest men in England who had been treated in this way in Yorkshire, or Derbyshire, or any other distant county? What would have been said, if a man, for example, had been deprived of his possessions, and compelled to leave some part of the country, or any particular district of England? What would have been said, if any authority, exercising such power, had so treated the humblest individual in this country? Why, a Government which tolerated such an abuse would not stand for a moment. In principle, is the thing less objectionable because it has occurred in India? Our rule in India is one of the greatest miracles of the present day, as it respects our social and military govern-
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ment. Do you believe, that if you destroy the English character in India, you can maintain your power there? Do you really imagine, that if you by your conduct produce a conviction and feeling throughout the public mind in those vast possessions, that this is not a country maintaining its institutions by honour and integrity, you can long maintain the extraordinary power which you possess in that vast empire? Why, it is absurd to suppose for one moment that you could do so. It is useless to go over again the facts of the case. The hon. Member for Montrose has done so again and again; and the question is now fully before the House, in documents printed by its direction. But I am afraid that hon. Members have not made themselves acquainted with them—I fear they have not investigated this case as they ought to have done. Sir, how strange it is, that when accusations are made against parties, and it is ascertained that a former Government supports the accused parties, you never can make the existing Government review the official acts of its predecessors, or review its own. If it has decided wrongly, it will adhere to its wrong decision; and in all the public departments of this country, I am sorry to say that the same principle prevails. Now, I fear from the feeling which the right hon. Baronet has displayed on this occasion, some years since as well as lately, that his mind has been unduly biassed by private representations. I fear that some influence has been at work operating on his judgment, which has diverted it from that course of justice which it ought to have taken. I hold in my hand a statement which has been made by Captain Cogan—it was made publicly at a meeting of the East India Proprietary—reflecting upon the conduct of the right hon. Baronet; and the right hon. Baronet, if he will go on refusing the Rajah of Sattara that trial to which he is entitled, must hear statements made and sentences uttered which will be painful and perplexing to him. He himself is calling for these things; it is his own conduct which is producing these discussions; whereas if he would but relax in his determination, and grant that inquiry for which my hon. Friend asks, there would be an end of all this unpleasantness. But, Sir, what a position does my hon. Friend the Member for Montrose occupy in this House! A man who has for more than thirty years been labouring with singlemindedness in the public cause; who is the father of reform in this

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House; owing to whose exertions we have at this moment a Liberal Ministry; for if it had not been for his labours, as an observer of passing events in this country, it is my solemn and deliberate conviction that we should not have had a reform of Parliament, and that the noble Lord would not have been Prime Minister of the State—I say, what a position is it for such a man—as pure-minded a man as ever laboured in this House—a man who has rendered to the public more service than any public man in this country—who has saved this country millions of money in taxation—who has laboured incessantly and indefatigably for the purpose of exposing public abuses, and rendering justice to all men: I say, what a position is it for such a man to occupy!—a man who has never sought office or emolument of any kind, but merely the approbation of his own conscience, and has been stimulated by the desire of rendering service to the people—that he should be compelled to sit here night after night, as an humble petitioner to that very Government which he was instrumental in creating—imploring, beseeching, and praying, merely that an inquiry may be granted to a man who has been condemned unjustly without a hearing! Having rendered those services to these Ministers, he has not influence enough to obtain for the Rajah of Sattara a fair trial. Such is the return which they make for thirty years public service rendered in their behalf! I say, Sir, it is painful—it is humiliating to hear my hon. Friend in vain ask for that redress which he implores for the Rajah of Sattara. What is he asking? He is not asking that you shall pronounce the Rajah innocent, or that you should restore him to his rightful possessions; he is not asking that you should inflict punishment upon any of his persecutors; but all he says to you is, grant him an opportunity of proving his innocence—give him a trial. The murderer is allowed a trial in England; but the Rajah of Sattara cannot obtain a trial in India. Now, Sir, I was remarking, before I digressed into the observations which I have made relative to the hon. Member for Montroso, that I feared the right hon. Baronet had had his mind biassed or influenced in some improper way by private representations of this case; or else how happened it that the right hon. gentleman could express himself, as Captain Cogan has stated that he did, during an interview at the Board of Control? I beg the House
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for one moment to listen to this statement. Captain Cogan belongs to the Indian Navy; he is in London at the present moment, and is prepared to verify the accuracy of the statement upon oath:—
"I beg leave to observe," he says, "that in order to stand well with the President of the Board of Control, I waited on him officially, and was permitted to have an interview; but instead of being received with the courtesy which is usually observed on such occasions, the conduct of the right hon. Gentleman towards me was, not only uncourteous, but bordering on insult. I was told by the right hon. Gentleman that I had joined a party with Sir Charles Forbes, to embarrass the Government, and to bring this case before Parliament. He swore that he would never allow the Rajah to sit on the guddee again." [Sir J. C. HOBHOUSE: I did not.] "That he would support the Government of India right or wrong, and put a stop to these turbaned gentlemen filling London with their appeals; and he asked me how I dared to give the opinion I did to his Colleague, Lord Palmerston, of the Rajah's innocence in opposition to the Indian Government; that he had written to the Governor General to dismiss any person from the service who presumed to give an opinion opposed to the Indian Government."
Now, that is a most extraordinary statement. [Mr. B. OSBORNE: Read that last part again.] "That he had written to the Governor General to dismiss any person from the service who presumed to give an opinion opposed to the Indian Government." This cannot be a Minister belonging to a Liberal Administration! Only see the effects of injustice! Supposing this allegation against the right hon. Baronet is unjust, yet it is a child of the same family; it is the offspring of an act of his own. If he had not been unjust to the Rajah of Sattara, this misrepresentation, if it be one, never would have been made. But Captain Cogan is in London, and is ready upon oath to substantiate that statement. He goes on to observe—
"Much was said with regard to the probable evil consequences to myself with which I shall not trouble the Court, looking upon them with contempt."
I may observe that if this had not been stated publicly in the Court of Proprietors, I should not have used in this House.
"But I trust, that after what I have said, that this Court will do its utmost to protect the natives of India—that it will feel called upon to check that undue exercise of authority which was established to protect, and not oppress and degrade the natives of India."
Now, Sir, that is a very extraordinary statement; and it comes from a gentleman holding a very respectable position in society; and he morever remarks that he is willing to take the most solemn step that

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he can adopt, in order to prove its accuracy. Now, there are many statements I could make with reference to other individuals who are away. I am not anxious to be the author of injustice. It is my desire only to render the Rajah of Sattara that justice which he asks—which he has so long demanded—and which he is, I believe, resolved to demand until he has obtained a hearing. The right hon. Gentleman, in all the remarks he made, scarcely uttered one word upon that point. Will the right hon. Gentleman show to this House why the Rajah of Sattara has not had a trial? The allegation at one time is, that he is a prince, and that therefore you could not try him as you would an ordinary man. Upon another occasion, when it serves the purpose, it is alleged that he is a subject, and that he was dealt with by competent authority. The right hon. Gentleman states that three Governments of Bombay, two of India, and all persons who are competent to decide, gave it as their opinion that the Rajah was guilty. But what is a decision without a trial? To deny a man an opportunity of proving that he is innocent, is resorting, in my opinion, to the foulest tyranny and despotism. What could the most despotic monarch do more than has been done in the case of this unfortunate man? The whole question originated in a dispute about property. The right hon. Gentleman says, he does not believe that. He believes that the Rajah had no control or authority, and that he had no vested right with regard to the Jaghires. But that is a mistake. What the Rajah wants is, that all these questions should be settled by a competent tribunal; and it is upon that, if I were to speak for a month, that I would dwell. But, whatever Colonel Ovans has done, or whatever other parties have done, or whatever offences they have been guilty of, the question that I would ask—and I would repeat the interrogatory ten thousand times—is, has the man had an opportunity of proving his innocence? No; and yet he has been punished—he has been deprived of his station, authority, and possessions. You have transported him into a distant land; and yet there is not a Minister in this House who can get up and say that that man has ever had an opportunity of facing his accusers, or ever has had counsel or agent employed in his defence. It is most monstrous. Nothing, in my opinion, can be more injurious to the character of the Legislature, and of this country generally,
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than that such base and foul acts of tyranny should be permitted. I am really astonished in this House that when we have brought forward this case, and demand only a hearing for a man who has been condemned without a trial, that there should be found a single individual who will not support us. Now, I will give the right hon. Gentleman a piece of advice. He concluded his speech by saying, that what has been done must be maintained. There will be another Parliament; I may not be elected; no doubt the right hon. Gentleman will be elected; but for the sake of justice—for the sake of our own character—I beg him to withdraw that statement, and to abandon at once the determination on which that expression is founded. I would entreat and beseech of him, even now at the eleventh hour, to resolve to meet the thing by a course of procedure which shall bring about for the Rajah an investigation into his conduct, which shall satisfy all mankind as to his guilt or innocence. I ask the right hon. Gentleman to take that course. I implore of him as an act of justice, and as a thing that is really due to the honour of this country, and due also to the people of India, to adopt that course. But if he will not, and I should happen to be a Member of the next Parliament, I can assure the right hon. Gentleman, that, if my hon. Friend again brings forward this question, if there are eleven other Members who will join with me in an opposition to the Government with reference to Supplies, I will endeavour to prevent the Government obtaining one shilling of supply until that inquiry has been granted. In taking that course, I ought not to be charged with acting captiously with reference to the Government. I would only take that course from a solemn conviction that it is the duty of the independent Members of Parliament to pursue it. I do conscientiously believe, after having examined the papers, that a more injured and a more honourable man than the Rajah of Sattara does not exist; and, entertaining that conviction, if I took any other course, I should abandon that duty which I owe to myself, to my constituents, and to the country at large.
LORD JOHN RUSSELL: Sir, the hon. Gentleman said very truly, that this case cannot be properly discussed on the present occasion. The hon. Member for Montrose has not made any Motion upon this occasion; and I will not revive the discus-

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sion which took place a very few days ago, when the question was decided by a division of the House. Still, there are some remarks made by the hon. Gentleman applied to me, upon which I must address a few words to the House. But, in the first place, he says that he did not hear the statement of the gallant General who spoke before him. I must inform the hon. Member that the gallant General said, that he believed in the guilt of the Rajah; and he went on to say, that this case had been very carefully considered by Sir Robert Grant, than whom no man was more intelligent, or more able to understand the merits of any case either of law or moral justice, and than whom no man was of purer character. He said further (which, I think, is certainly true), that Sir Robert Grant fully believed in the guilt of the Rajah. Now, I do not find any fault with the hon. Gentleman, or with any one, for believing in the innocence of the Rajah of Sattara. The hon. Member for Montrose has a right to bring the case forward before another Parliament, and cause it to be again discussed before that Parliament. I own that I did think on a former occasion that it was but fair to take into consideration, on the other hand, that my right hon. Friend had no interest in this case, and that he could have no partiality either for the ex-Rajah, or his brother the present Rajah, but that it would be just the same to him whether the deposed Rajah or his brother who is now the sovereign prince of Sattara sat upon the guddee; and that therefore his only regard could be, to do that which was most consistent with justice, and most to the advantage of the people of India. I own that I thought that in treating this question of the Rajah of Sattara, the hon. Member for Montrose did not make that fair admission which he ought to have done—that my right hon. Friend was performing conscientiously a public duty; that though differing in opinion with my right hon. Friend, the hon. Member was bound to admit that as President of the Board of Control my right hon. Friend was only looking to the public interests. Sir, I quite admit, though not in the same terms, that the hon. Gentleman is entitled to a hearing from this House, upon any case which he may think fit to bring before it. Thinking my right hon. Friend was unfairly used with respect to this matter, I may have said with reference to the hon. Member for Montrose,
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that which is not exactly consistent with my respect for the hon. Member. I am at all times ready to admit that there is no Member of this House, who, during a long public life has laboured more zealously in the public service; and I should be very sorry if I had made use of any expression inconsistent with that sentiment. But whilst I say this, I think it is too much to infer, as the hon. Gentleman does, that merely because the hon. Member for Montrose brings forward a case, therefore there must be a trial and an inquiry into that case. If my right hon. Friend is right in saying that there has been already an inquiry—that that inquiry was a full inquiry—that the Rajah himself refused to appear before that Commission—and that, therefore, the Commission came to a decision the best that could be come to under the circumstances, and that their decision is consistent with the justice of the case—I think it would be too much to say, merely because the hon. Member for Montrose brings forward this matter, that therefore there must be a rehearing of it. Sir, with regard to this case, as with regard to every other, there must be an end of trials. Supposing now there was a trial granted—I do not know of what kind that trial would be—and that the decision was against the Rajah, why not ask for another trial, and so on for an infinite number of trials, in order to try this question over and over again. But supposing that those Gentlemen who have had it under their consideration, knowing all the circumstances of the case have come to a right decision, and that my right hon. Friend and the Government think they came to a right decision, I think it must be admitted that it is the bounden duty of the Government to support that decision which they think right. But to say that my right hon. Friend is to presume that to be wrong which he believes to be right, and that, therefore, we, as a Government are at once to give up a decision which has been arrived at so maturely, is saying too much. Sir, the hon. Member read a paper containing a statement of Captain Cogan, who, I believe, was recommended by the right hon. Baronet to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, to conduct some negociation with the Imaum of Muscat, and who my right hon. Friend thinks did not act in a manner which was consistent with his duty as a public servant, when engaged in that service. Such was the opinion of my right hon. Friend; and

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my right hon. Friend may have stated that opinion; but as to his having made the statement, that right or wrong he would maintain the servants in India, and that whoever expressed an opinion in opposition to the Government upon the case should be punished, that is such a tissue of improbabilities that I cannot give any credit to it. Sir, I certainly am not disposed at all to enter again into this question of the Rajah of Sattara. My right hon. Friend, for two hours and a half, stated to the House the facts of the case of the Rajah of Sattara; and the House after hearing them decided against the opinion of the hon. Member for Montrose. If the hon. Member for Finsbury thinks proper to bring this case forward before a new Parliament, that is a course he has it in his power to take; but I submit that we cannot at this moment, and after so recent and protracted a discussion, enter further into the subject.
SIR J. C. HOBHOUSE: Sir, I hope the House will permit me to say one or two words with reference to the charge brought against me, not only politically but personally, in the paper which has been read by the hon. Gentleman the Member for Finsbury. I will state exactly what occurred. Captain Cogan was an officer in the Indian Navy, who was employed in a certain business under Lord Melbourne's Administration. In consequence of my opinion of his ability and good conduct, I recommended him to Lord Palmerston to be employed on a mission to settle a treaty with the Imaum of Muscat. Captain Cogan went on that mission, so recommended by me, and so employed by Lord Palmerston. When he had attained the object of his mission to the Imaum of Muscat, he returned to England by the way of Bombay; and while at Bombay he entered into a correspondence with certain agents of the Rajah of Sattara; he then being (let the House mark) on his return from a mission to which he had been recommended by myself to Lord Palmerston; and returning with the treaty in his pocket, at least returning from the performance of that mission. It came to my knowledge as the President of the Board of Control, that while at Bombay (as I before said) he had interested himself in the affairs of the Rajah of Sattara; and in fact, on his arriving in England, I found he had begun to advocate the case of the Rajah. When he called upon me officially at the Board of Control—I do not think I uncourteously
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receive any body at the Board—I asked him when he arrived, and so on, and whether he had not, in returning to England by way of Bombay interested himself in the affairs of the Rajah of Sattara? He said he had. I said, "You had no business to do so; you went on a mission of a totally different character, to which mission you were recommended by myself; and I cannot understand why it is that you, being entirely on another service, should interest yourself in this affair." Surely, as the head of the Government department connected with India, I had a right to tell an Indian servant that I considered he had gone out of his way in putting himself in communication with the Rajah and his agents at Bombay, instead of returning immediately with the object of his mission. Upon which this gentleman said, he thought the Rajah was innocent. I said, "Very likely you may think so; but I do not think that has anything to do with the matter. The question is, whether or not you should have so employed yourself." Then he said something about its being right to take part with people when they were injured. I said, "I do not think it was your duty to take that part." In consequence of this conduct, I thought it my duty to represent to Lord Palmerston that I considered Captain Cogan had not behaved with propriety in thus going out of his way, and making himself to a certain degree the agent of the Rajah. And if Gentlemen will look into the blue book, they will there see that Captain Cogan—I do not blame him for wishing to make himself an agent of the Rajah—wishes to bargain for 1,500 l. a year for being an agent of the Rajah. They would have given him 1,200 l., but he wanted 1,500 l. Very good; I do not blame him for that. A man has a right to sell his services for such a sum if they are worth it; but I thought it my duty to represent to Lord Palmerston that in my opinion Captain Cogan had behaved with impropriety; in consequence of which this gentleman was not introduced to Her Majesty. The end was, that Captain Cogan took the first opportunity of doing that which I must describe—I leave the House to judge of its propriety. He went to the Court of Proprietors, and detailed this conversation of mine; I not having the least opportunity of knowing that he was going there, for if I had, I should have told exactly what occurred, and I should have requested somebody to state the words I used. But he

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went to the Court of Proprietors, and he narrated what he called the exact conversation with me, and which he says he is ready to swear to. Whether he will swear to it or not, what really did occur, I have stated; and I leave the House to judge of the assertions of a gentleman, a public officer, who has, I say, acted in a manner which I think highly unbecoming, if the agents of the Government are, when they are sent on one mission, to put themselves in communication with parties who are getting up an opposition to that very Government, because it was partly my own act; I was the responsible Minister of the Crown, and I recommended him to this appointment; and I have got his letter now (which I shall not read) thanking me for this conduct of mine to him, I was made, of course, the object of his attack, because I chose to tell him in private, and not in the insulting way he represents—far from it—(and I appeal to my general character whether that is not my habit)—what I thought of his conduct; and I state it now in public. I told him that I thought he had deviated from his public duty by making himself a partisan and an agent of the Rajah of Sattara, he then being employed upon a mission of a totally different character.
MR. B. OSBORNE: Sir, I very much regret that my hon. Friend the Member for Finsbury has thought it necessary to introduce this charge which has been made by Captain Cogan against the right hon. Gentleman the President of the Board of Control, because I think that every Member of this House must agree, that if private conversations either with Ministers or with Members of Parliament are to be repeated, and made the vehicle of public charges, that all public confidence as well as private confidence is at an end. Sir, I do think, that what my hon. Friend, if he will permit me to call him so, has said with regard to the Rajah of Sattara, as far as my humble means of judging enable me to form an opinion, has been perfectly satisfactory to the whole House. I do think that nobody can accuse the right hon. Baronet with want of courtesy. I am of opinion that it may be said of him truly, that he is a lion in debate, but a lamb in private conversation. My purpose in rising on the present occasion, was to draw the attention of the House to the subject immediately before it. Sir, I was in the same situation as my hon. Friend the Member for Finsbury, with regard to the speech
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of the hon. and gallant Gentleman who preceded him, and who probably could have given us much information upon this point—I mean the gallant General the Member for Clackmannan. His speech was so strictly private and confidential, that I never heard one word of it. But if we accept the version of it which is given by the First Minister of the Crown, I do not think that that version places the case in a much better position than that which it occupied before. Sir, what says the noble Lord the First Minister of the Crown? The noble Lord says—and he endeavoured, evidently, to impress the House with its importance—"What! will the House refuse to give credence to the opinion of Sir Robert Grant?" I acknowledge the purity of Sir Robert Grant; but, at the same time, he himself, in the evidence I hold in my hand, expressly says, that although in his opinion the Rajah was not entitled to a verdict of—not guilty—still he ought to have a copy of the evidence laid before him, and ought also to have a fair trial given to him. Now, the whole matter resolves itself into this question—has the Rajah been supplied with a copy of the evidence; and if so, has the Rajah been permitted to have a fair trial? Certainly not; quite the contrary. The Rajah requested to be furnished with a Mahratta copy of so much of the depositions of the two soobahdars and the Brahmin as affected himself: this was not objected to at the time, and I believe I am warranted in stating, that from that time to this the Rajah of Sattara has never received any copy of these informations against him; and not only so, but Sir Robert Grant, in his Minute of the 15th of August, says, he is strongly of opinion, that before the case is conclusively disposed of, the Rajah should be made acquainted with the fresh evidence elicited against him, and should be allowed an opportunity of offering defence or explanation. He says—
"I repeat that opinion, not meaning that there should be merely the form or farce of a trial, to be closed by a ready-made judgment, but that the defence should be fairly heard and impartially weighed."
Now, therefore, when the noble Lord tells us that this pure-minded man was of opinion that the Rajah was guilty, I think he is bound in fairness to state, that the Rajah of Sattara has never received any copy of the evidence, and has never been fairly brought to trial. Sir, I put it

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broadly in the face of the British House of Commons. Supposing the right hon. Baronet the President of the Board of Control had been accused, upon good evidence, of the charges which are alleged, I think so vaguely, and vilely as I may say, by Captain Cogan, of the Indian Navy—supposing they had been adduced on valid and good evidence, would you, the British House of Commons, have consented to have deposed Sir John Cam Hobhouse, from the Presidency of the Board of Control, to have confined him in a dungeon, and to have taken an examination before a secret tribunal, without bringing him to a trial before the face of the country? Why, it is truly ridiculous. We all know that such a transaction could not have occurred. But because this unfortunate man is removed from us by the ocean some thousands of miles, and because it is thought that every act of the Indian Government must be conducted with Venetian secrecy, you are content to enact scenes in that country which could not be enacted in this. But, Sir, I do very much regret that the noble Lord, instead of being so anxious to get his Bill for the Bishopric of Manchester through this House, should not have taken into his consideration this case of great and crying injustice, and have given a Committee of this House for the purpose of examining the charges alleged against the Rajah of Sattara. For what does the hon. Gentleman the Member for Montrose ask? He merely asks that you will give a Committee of this House to inquire into the charges alleged against the Rajah of Sattara. The hon. Gentleman the Member for Liskeard, who, in former days, was the incarnation of the spirit of liberty, will be, I am sure, the last man to oppose a proposition so reasonable. But, Sir, I lament to say, that it is too often the case, that a man is never thoroughly ruined, and his case is never irretrievably gone, until he is forced to appeal to the British House of Commons. We are called a Court of Appeal; and yet it is well known that there never has been an instance of any man appealing to the British House of Commons, who ever got justice done in this House. It is one of the last refuges for the destitute, where his case is debated, but he never gets a Committee of Inquiry into the merits, and the case is completely quashed for ever afterwards. This is not only true with regard to the Rajah of Sattara, but it is true also with regard to every case that is
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brought before Parliament. The matter immediately becomes a party question. Hon. Gentlemen do not like to criminate those who have gone before them, and therefore they support the decision, whether good or bad, which has been pronounced by former Governments; and the man, however oppressed and maligned, is left to labour under the imputation. Sir, it is extremely problematical whether I may have a chance of appearing in this House in the next Parliament; but I can assure my hon. Friend the Member for Finsbury that I shall be very happy to make one of the "eleven" who will urge this case. I rejoice that the hon. Member for Finsbury has taken this opportunity of rendering a just tribute of respect to my hon. Friend the Member for Montrose. He possibly may not be the great master of the English language which the noble Lord is—he may occasionally descend even to quibble in this House; but I will say, that it did require some greater tribute of respect to the merits of the man who said he was "ready to vote that black was white" to support the noble Lord. I must say, I was a little astonished at the deep ingratitude of the noble Lord, in forgetting all the past services of my hon. Friend, when, upon a late occasion, he thought it necessary to use the very strong language he then employed. And let me tell the noble Lord, that a reprobation of that sort coming from the Prime Minister is stronger than if it came from a private individual. However, I am rejoiced to hear that the noble Lord, with that chivalry which is known to belong to his character, has made the amende honorable to my hon. Friend. Sir, I wish he would go further, and make the amende honorable to the deposed Rajah of Sattara. I am sure that the noble Lord cannot make his position in this country stronger—firm as it is at present—than by taking up the case of a deposed and injured Prince whose cause has been so ably advocated upon all occasions by my Friend the Member for Montrose; and I trust that he will be inclined to put off the introduction of this very obnoxious Bishopric of Manchester Bill, and devote himself to a far greater and I will say a holier cause—an inquiry into the merits of the charges brought against the Rajah of Sattara.
MR. WAKLEY: I hope I may be allowed to say that I have no knowledge of Captain Cogan, and that the extract I read was from a printed volume of the proceedings in the Court of Directors.
MR.BICKHAM ESCOTT: Mr. Speaker, it is not my intention to detain the House at any length; but it is impossible, after the pains I have bestowed on these papers, that I should refrain from saying a word or two on this occasion; and I hope the House will, therefore, bear with me for a few moments. With respect to joining that party to which my hon. Friend has alluded, I do not know how that may be; I think the less any of us say about what we will do in another Parliament the better. But I understood that the "eleven," to which the hon. Member alluded, to be an eleven of which he is to be the head, as one for the county of Middlesex; and I dare say it is very likely that Middlesex will meet with success. Now, Sir, with respect to the question immediately before the House, I am more than ever disappointed at the speech of the right hon. Gentleman the President of the Board of Control, because I am not one who believes the statement which has been made by my hon. Friend the Member for Fins-bury from the letter which he read. I have too high an opinion of the right hon. Gentleman to suppose that he would be guilty of such incivility as is alleged to have taken place. I should say, that of all men in his station, whom I have ever known in this House, he is one of the last to be justly subjected to such a charge as this. But this is one of the gross acts of injustice which arise from the very proceedings of the right hon. Gentleman himself. Why does he back the East India Board in concealing the truth upon these questions? Why does he allow his own character to suffer in public estimation, when, I have no doubt, if due inquiry were granted, his own character would come out clear and unimpeachable? Why does he allow that character to suffer, because he will back up certain East Indians, who, knowing nothing of the principles of English liberty, believe that our rule in India is to be supported on the old principle on which it was maintained before there was a free press in India; for many such persons there are both in India and at home in Leadenhall street? Why does he sacrifice his own opinions and principles—fair and honourable as they are—to such things? That is the great evil which he is doing to himself and his Government. It seems to me that on these questions all Ministries commit one fatal mistake; they appear to forget that the wisest policy is, to do justice. They talk of a trial having been granted.
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I was particularly sorry to hear the noble Lord reiterate the statement that there had been a trial of this Rajah, and that if we were not contented with the issue of one trial, there was no reason why we should be contented with the issue of another. The whole question is, whether he has been tried at all. If he has been fairly tried, then cadet questio; we do not want to enter into that question further. But the noble Lord knows that he has not been fairly tried. How could a man be fairly tried without a copy of the charges on which he was arraigned? This man applied for a copy of those charges; he was promised a copy of them; but he never knew what the evidence was which was to be brought against him, which, in his case, it was as necessary to see as a copy of the charges themselves, although, strictly, it was not so legally his due; but a copy of the charges was legally his due on every principle of jurisprudence and on every principle of justice. This Prince could not answer the case which was brought against him until he knew what it was. It was said on a former occasion—and was made an objection to the Rajah, to which I endeavoured to lay before the House an answer—that the investigation of this case could not he taken up on the principles of English jurisprudence; and I said, that even though I did not consider that this Prince could have been tried apon the strict rules of the English law of evidence, yet that a case of prosecution must be considered on those principles, and with a view to deliberation, founded on the same proceedings as those which take place in the English courts of justice. Supposing I grant all that was said, still the principle of inquiry should be the same. A man should know what he had to answer, before he was put upon his trial. Supposing that a man was unacquainted with the language and customs of those who were to try him—supposing that he was unacquainted with all the forms of judicial inquiry, whether those which had been used in this country or his own—supposing he was unlearned in the law, was it fair to refuse that man an agent? Was it fair to say to that man, "You shall come before these three Commissioners, all of them the paid servants of the Government, who have to try you, and of that Government which instituted this inquiry; you shall appear there alone, unaided, undefended, unassisted, by any legal practitioner?" And when he complains under those circumstances, without having

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the charges laid before him, that he has not had a fair trial, would you consider it just that he should be told by the Minister of the Crown, in the House of Commons, "You were present at your trial, and therefore your trial was properly conducted, and we cannot allow any further inquiry?" Why, the Rajah of Sattara was present, but he had not the slightest power of meeting those charges; he was ignorant of the very language in which they were made, and he could not understand the laws upon which they were sought to be established. [Sir C. J. HOBHOUSE: He heard the witnesses.] I beg your pardon; he was present during part of the examination; but when he was present, it was a mockery of the forms of justice to say, that because he was so present, therefore his trial was fair. He never had a copy of the charges—he never had a copy of the evidence—he never was allowed the assistance of those agents, and that advocacy of professional men, which, as my hon. Friend says, the humblest individual is entitled to before he is found guilty. In this country an humble individual, if he is so poor that he cannot command the professional assistance of legal advisers and agents, has the Judge to protect him, and to see that justice is administered duly, fairly, and impartially, according to the strict observance of the rales of English law and justice. Who were the judges in this case? I cannot omit that part of the question. Why, the judges were the paid servants of the very Government who were the Rajah's accusers. The daily bread of those judges depended on their support of the accusations which they were sent there to try. They could not have come out of that Commission court—they could not have appeared again before those who had employed them to try this Rajah, with a verdict of "Not Guilty" against him, without condemning the persons who had so employed them to institute this inquiry. Therefore, I say, that neither was the court impartially constituted, nor had the Rajah a fair opportunity of clearing himself; nor was there any one particular observed in the whole of these proceedings from beginning to end, to satisfy those requisites of fair play and justice which ought to be the first points in the administration of everything like punishment in the case of every delinquent, whether he be high or whether he be low. But there is one other circumstance which was alluded to by the right hon. Gentleman on the last
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debate, when I had no opportunity of replying to his observations. It was this—it is said that it evinces a merciful consideration on the part of the Government of India, and the persons who conducted the prosecution against the Rajah, that they forsooth were willing to grant him pardon on certain conditions; and the right hon. Gentleman said to-night, that he might have been admitted to certain rights and privileges which he does not enjoy, if he would have given up his government. That, however, was not the condition upon which pardon was offered to the Rajah. The condition upon which pardon was offered to him was this—that he should admit he was guilty of those serious charges which were made against him. Sir, I say it is the consummation of iniquity in any Government, to accuse a man of a crime and refuse him a fair trial; and then, when he is groaning under oppression, to tell him, "You shall appear as an innocent individual, so far as your personal interests and your possessions are concerned; but in order to obtain your throne and your possessions, you shall upon your own brow affix the seal of your own guilt." It is a monstrous proceeding to add insult to indignity—to add indignity to injustice. Well, they have displaced this man; and what have they gained in India? Is his successor a better man than himself? Is it likely that the public there will be pacified by any such proceeding as this? Is it probable that a free press in India will allow this case to rest where it now stands? Or do you suppose that the people here will be contented with this refusal of justice? Why on earth is it that the Government bring these difficulties upon themselves? Why do they not at once say, "Here is a question on which there is considerable doubt, upon which the right hon. Baronet admits that the highest authorities of the India House are in favour of the view taken by the hon. Member for Montrose; they are in favour of the view which has been taken by him in successive years and in successive Parliaments: all that is asked for is justice—all that is sought is an inquiry; let us grant that act of justice, and then this whole question will be settled for ever?" If an inquiry is not granted, I tell the Government, and I tell the House, that the question never will be settled; and he is the best friend of your Government, and the most consistent supporter of the character of his country, who stands out the firmest for

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Inquiry into a case of such unparalleled wrong.
Report Consolidation Fund Appropriation Bill received. Bill to be read a third time.

POOR LAWS ADMINISTRATION BILL.
LORD JOHN RUSSELLmoved, that the Lords' Amendments on this Bill be printed. The noble Lord said, that in moving those amendments be taken into consideration on Monday, he would state the course which the Government intended to pursue with reference to two which were regarded as of the most important character. The first related to a clause inserted in that House, on the decision of a majority, upon the Motion of the hon. Member for Evesham (Mr. Borthwick), which was at variance with the feelings of Her Majesty's Government. The other related to another clause inserted immediately after- wards without a division, authorizing the admission of the ratepayers to boards of guardians. As to the first of these clauses, his opinion was adverse to its introduction; but after the decision of the House he could not consider it was a question relating merely to the merits of the provision. The House having decided that that provision should be introduced, and considering the House was at that time more numerously attended than it was likely to be now, he was disposed to support its original decision, and therefore he should move that the clause which had been expunged by the Lords should be again inserted. As to the other clause which had been expunged by the Lords, he should propose to agree to their amendment.
MR. WAKLEYrejoiced to hear the announcement that the husband and wife, when in the workhouse, were not to be separated; but he regretted to hear the noble Lord say he agreed with the Lords in opposing the admission of ratepayers to the meetings of boards of guardians, In his (Mr. Wakley's) opinion, that was the most important of the two clauses, because boards of guardians, by arrangement, might altogether nullify the great advantages of their trust. It was of the utmost importance that ratepayers should have an opportunity of being present at these meetings, and of knowing upon what principles the guardians acted in the administration of relief. He trusted the noble Lord would reconsider his decision with respect to this clause.
Subject at an end.

BISHOPRIC OF MANCHESTER—(ADJOURNED DEBATE).
On the question, "That the Speaker do leave the chair, to go into Committee on the Bishopric of Manchester Bill,"
MR. HUMErose and said, that his objections to this measure remained unchanged. He referred seriatim to the arguments which had been used against it by the right hon. Gentleman the Member for Dorchester on the previous evening, and contended that they yet remained wholly unanswered. In the right hon. Gentleman's view, the arrangement of 1836 was a compact between the Church and the Ministry. There were to be two changes made; one of them was, that the sees of Gloucester and Bristol should be united, and that, when they were so united, a bishopric of Ripon should be created. That arrangement had been carried out. In the next place, the sees of St. Asaph and Bangor were to be joined; and, after such union should have taken place, but not before, there should be made a bishopric of Manchester. Well, that union had not taken place; and yet the noble Lord had brought in a Bill, the object of which was to create a see at Manchester. Now, that he considered altogether illegal. He contended that this Bill was a violation of the compact of 1836, when it was admitted that the true interests of the Church and of the people would best be served by an increase of the parochial system rather than by an increase of the number of bishops. This Bill proposed a misappropriation of the funds which were set apart by law for particular purposes; and it was the more unnecessary because the people of Manchester had not called for the appointment of a bishop. The whole question would be opened up again, and those who considered that the Church had no right to appropriate its revenues in this useless manner, would be disposed to push their objections further. He objected, also, to the creation of two classes of bishops; and he was not quite sure that he would not be disposed to vote with the right hon. Baronet the Member for Dorchester, and so make the Bill as bad as possible. He should oppose the Bill at every stage. The noble Lord was joining with all those who had opposed him throughout his life, and who were making use of him as a cat's-paw to get all they could. Every bishop the noble Lord succeeded in adding to the present number, would be a stick to break his own head. In the division of last night there were ninety Tories, thirty Members

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of the Government, and only eighteen Liberals, in the majority. This was the company the noble Lord kept. [Laughter.] With these remarks, he proposed to move an Amendment, in order to see whether there would be any improvement in another division. The hon. Member then moved as an Amendment that the Speaker leave the chair on Monday next.
SIR W. MOLESWORTHintended to offer every fair opposition to the Bill, but not to join in any vote which would appear to him to be giving a factious opposition. It was said that the bishops at present were not sufficient to perform their epicopal functions: why not, in that case, relieve them from their legislative duties, and thus afford them more time for their spiritual duties.
MR. J. COLLETTsaid, he should support the hon. Member for Montrose in the course he might pursue. He had received a letter on the subject of this Bill which he would read to the House:—
"March 2, 1847.
"Sir—The public in general, and the clergy in particular, are much indebted to you for the part you have taken with respect to the union of the sees of Bangor and St. Asaph. It appears that four new bishops are to be created, and if their emoluments are to be provided for from and out of the incomes of the present bishops, and if, moreover, they are not to have a seat in the House of Lords, this addition to the episcopal bench is perhaps immaterial. At the same time, Sir, if the present bishops were to be resident in their dioceses, and to do their duty, their present number would be quite sufficient, and any overplus from their incomes might go to increase the salaries of the hardworked and ill-paid inferior clergy. In the charge recently delivered to the clergy of the diocese of Ely, the present bishop of that see urged the necessity of a resident clergy. You will scarely believe me when I tell you that, for eight months out of the twelve last year, this right rev. Lord was himself resident—in London! and even obliged the young candidates for ordination to come up from the country to town for that sacred rite. A relation of my own, who had obtained a small curacy of 90 l. per annum, was thus put to great inconvenience as well as expense. 10 l. or 12 l. for travelling and hotel expenses may be matter of trifling moment to a bishop with 6,000 l. per annum; but it is a large item when deducted from a curate's income of 90 l. per annum. It was only, moreover, last week that a clergyman of the diocese of Worcester informed me that during the past year my Lord Worcester had been seven long months absent from his post—in the early spring in the Isle of Wight, in the season in London, and in the autumn at the Lakes. Verily, these spiritual Lords take things very easy. Sir, if we are to have bishops, and well-paid bishops too, let us have resident, village-visiting, pulpit-preaching overseers of the clergy and their flocks, and not, as now, London-living, concert-directing, Court-attending Prelates, who mistake polities for piety,
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pomp for dignity, and arrogance for learning. Make what use you please of these statements, and permit me to subscribe myself your faithful servant,
"To J. Collett, Esq., M.P."
MR. V. SMITHsaid, the right hon. Baronet the Secretary for the Home Department had said that this Bill did not pledge the House to the appointment of the three additional bishops. If so, why retain the words to that effect in the preamble and the second clause? The right hon. Baronet opposite (Sir J. Graham) had said, that in the Committee he should move that the preamble be not postponed. Now, he (Mr. V. Smith) might not be prepared so to depart from the usual course, and therefore he wished to know whether the noble Lord was prepared to erase from the preamble those words relating to the three additional bishoprics? In the second clause also there were these words—"That the number of Lords spiritual now sitting and voting as Lords of Parliament shall not be increased by the creation of the above-named four new bishoprics." He thought that the words "four new" might be left out of that portion of the clause, and that the clause should read—"that the number of Lords spiritual now sitting and voting as Lords of Parliament shall not be increased by the creation of the above-named bishopric;" the reference being then to the bishopric of Manchester. He thought it desirable that the words he had alluded to should be struck out of the clause, as their retention might possibly be considered as implying a sanction of the principle of creating three other new bishoprics; which principle had nothing to do with the principle of the present Bill, but was merely mentioned in it incidentally. If his suggestions were complied with, then the only question to be raised in Committee would be that given notice of by the right hon. Member for Dorchester, as to whether or not the new bishops should have seats in the House of Lords.
SIR J. GRAHAMsaid, he agreed in the alterations suggested by the right hon. Gentleman (Mr. V. Smith) in the preamble and second clause of the Bill, as far as they went; but even if the noble Lord consented to withdraw that part of the preamble to which the right hon. Gentleman had referred, he should still seek to amend the preamble; because it had not been quite accurately stated by the right hon. Gentleman that the question of the creation of three other new bishoprics, and of the

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right to sit in the House of Lords, were not involved in the same portion of the preamble. There was a passage in it where, so far from those questions being-kept separate, they were involved together. He should therefore, object to the whole of the passage, because, by implication, it admitted the principle that three other bishoprics should be created, and also that the four new bishops should not have seats in the House of Lords. The passage in the preamble, to which he referred was as follows:—
"And also, as soon as conveniently might be, three other additional bishoprics, regard being had to the circumstances that Her Majesty did not contemplate the issue of Her writ to the new bishops to sit and vote as Peers of Parliament, except as vacancies should from time to time occur among the bishops of England and Wales, now so sitting and voting."
To the whole of that passage he should object, and move that it be omitted.
MR. V. SMITHsaid, it appeared that he had not made himself completely understood. He agreed with the right hon. Baronet that the two questions were involved together in the preamble; and it was because he thought so that he had asked the noble Lord to omit a portion of the preamble.
LORD J. RUSSELL,before adverting to the question put by his right hon. Friend, wished first to say a few words with reference to the statement of the hon. Member for Montrose, which that hon. Member founded on the speech of the right hon. Baronet opposite—namely, that the present Bill sanctioned the violation of a compact. Now, the whole of the statement on this point, contained in the first report of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, and which was signed by the individuals to whom the right hon. Baronet had already alluded—the Archbishop of Canterbury, Lord Lyndhurst, the Bishop of London, Sir R. Peel, &c.—was to the effect, "that they were not prepared to recommend any increase in the total number of episcopal sees." Now, to say because these Commissioners, upwards of ten years ago, were not prepared to recommend an increase in the number of the bishops, that that should bar for all time any Government against increasing the number of the bishops, was, as he had said the other day, carrying the doctrine of finality to an extraordinary extent. The hon. Member for Montrose had also been pleased to refer to the authority of the right hon. Baronet (Sir J, Graham) in
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support of his allegation that it was impossible, in consequence of what he designated a compact formerly entered into, to proceed with the present Bill, or to create new bishoprics, entirely forgetting the important circumstance that the right hon. Baronet had expressed his readiness to go into Committee on the Bill; and not only to do that, but also in Committee to maintain the separation of the sees of St. Asaph and Bangor, which, by an existing Act of Parliament, were to be united, and likewise to consent, under the circumstances of the case, to the creation of the new bishopric of Manchester. Such an authority, in support of a compact which would be broken by the creation of more bishoprics, was certainly never before produced in that House. He should now refer to his right hon. Friend's (Mr. V. Smith's) question. The right hon. Baronet (Sir J. Graham) argued, that though it was right to assent to the two propositions contained in the Bill for repealing the Act of Parliament which would unite the two sees of St. Asaph and Bangor, and for the creation of the bishopric of Manchester, it was nevertheless proper to stop there, and not to agree to the creation of any more bishoprics; and that, as there was one bishop thereby to be created, it would not be proper to violate the general rule and law of the constitution, by which every bishop on his nomination was entitled to a seat in the House of Lords. Without going much into detail on that question, he begged the House, before going into Committee, to observe how the whole argument on the point hung together. If it were right only to assent to the present measure as one merely in some degree giving satisfaction to the Principality of Wales, and at the same time remedying particular defects in the diocese of Chester, then it followed logically and fairly that, having only one new bishop, it would not be right to establish a new rule, and to make that one bishop an exception to all the rest, the. addition of another prelate to the number already in Parliament not being such an addition as needed to alarm any one on the score of ecclesiastical preponderance in the House of Lords. He admitted that in that case all the argument of the right hon. Baronet was logical and consequential. But the Government took quite a different view of this question. The Government did not think it would be wise to say that there should be only one additional bishop, and that the wants of episcopal superintendence

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would be satisfied by the creation of that single bishop. The Government thought, and had advised Her Majesty to issue a Commission declaring the same view, that other dioceses which had greatly increased in population should also be divided, the present bishops therein being relieved of part of their duties; and that, instead of one new bishop, four new bishops should be created. Now, he thought, notwithstanding all that had been so ably stated by the right hon. Baronet, that the Government had grounds for coming to that decision. He could not think, that it was enough to say, "Here is a sum of money, some 16,000 l. a year, required for the payment of four new bishoprics; and that sum would maintain a number of working clergy." It appeared to him that they must regulate the machinery of the Church according to the circumstances of the times. With respect to what might be the peculiar duties of the bishops, he differed very much from the right hon. Baronet opposite. He was not going to make any exaggerated statement as to those duties; but all he maintained was, that having a Church which was intended for the population of this country, it was fit from time to time to adapt the Government, the machinery, and the regulating powers of that Church to the circumstances of the day, and to the increased number of the population. He believed that this was done by all other religious communions. With respect to the Roman Catholic religion, when it was found that the members of that community increased, the number of the bishops or vicars apostolic was increased. The Presbyterians and Wesleyans would likewise increase the number of their districts and stations in proportion to the number of their flocks. The union of the Church of England with the State ought not to prevent it enjoying the same advantage. It ought not to be the only religious communion in the country which should not increase the number of the governing and regulating heads of its Church, while, at the same time, pastors among the inferior clergy and the population had increased. If the counties of Lancaster and Chester had increased in population from 300,000 or 400,000, at the most, to 2,000,000, and if the number of the clergy had gone on increasing in a similar proportion, it was but reasonable, if one bishop was formerly adequate for those 300,000 or 400,000 persons, and a proportionate number of clergy, to believe, when the population and
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the clergy had increased so much in numbers, that two might now be required for the proper discharge of the present duties. In saying this, he did not think he was stating anything which showed an inordinate love of episcopacy. It seemed to him to be a principle belonging to every communion, ecclesiastical or civil, to every commercial house, and to every railway company, that in proportion to the quantity of business done should be the amount of the superintendents at the head of the establishment. Such would be the rule followed by any rational body of men, looking only to the good management of the concern to which they belonged. He admitted that the right hon Baronet was perfectly consequential in his proposal; and now he begged the attention of the House while, in answering the question of his right hon. Friend (Mr. V. Smith), he showed that it would be hardly consistent with the views of the Government to agree to his proposition. The usual Motion, after the House resolved into Committee on a Bill, was that the preamble should be postponed; but he confessed that he thought in the present case the preamble to be so important, as containing the propositions to be carried into effect, that instead of making that usual Motion he should propose in Committee that the preamble should be immediately proceeded with, and should not be postponed. They would then come to the recital that Her Majesty had issued this Commission. As a recital, it did not bind the House or Parliament; and it might be the opinion of Parliament that no other bishop should be created; but at the same time the Government thought that the recital was proper, in order to lay a groundwork for the second clause, which set forth that the Bishop of Manchester was not to sit in Parliament. He agreed with his right hon. (Mr. V. Smith) that the words in the second clause, "The above-named four new bishoprics," ought not to be introduced, because, being in an enacting clause, they seemed to refer to an enactment; but with respect to the preamble, it set forth merely the terms in which Her Majesty had directed the Commission to be issued, and consequently only contained the statement of a fact. It was not a question on which the House was asked to legislate; but in making the statement of a fact, he thought it laid a foundation for the second clause. If the Government merely intended that there should be a Bishop of Manchester, and had not at all

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in contemplation that there should be any other bishoprics hereafter, then he thought it might be just to say that the new bishop should sit with the rest in the House of Lords. That, he admitted, would be a fair argument; and such he understood to be the view of the right hon. Baronet (Sir J. Graham). But while he would not ask the House to bind itself that there should be four new bishoprics, so that the House, on being acquainted with the report of the Commissioners, might hereafter come to the conclusion that there should be two, or three, or five new bishops, according as it thought the preferable number; yet he believed that the House should lay some foundation of the kind in the preamble, if it meant to assent to the principle proposed by the Government that the new bishops should not sit in the House of Lords. As the right hon. Baronet's proposal was perfectly logical and consequential, so, likewise, was the proposal of the Government. The Government thought that there was a sufficient number of bishops already in the House of Lords to represent the Church in that House of Parliament. They thought that the increase of the ecclesiastical power in the House of Lords, by the addition of four new bishops, might justly give rise to jealousies, especially among those who dissented from the Church of England. The Government, therefore, proposed that the new Bishop of Manchester, and the other new bishops mentioned in the present Bill, should for a certain time not be Members of the House of Lords. Thus, supposing each bishop should occupy his see for twenty-four years, still the succession of the bishops in the House of Lords must proceed at such a rate that on the average more than a year or two could not elapse before one of the excluded bishops would enter into Parliament. He would call the attention of the House to the statement in the first report of the Commissioners in regard to the expenses of the bishops and archbishops. The report stated—
"That in considering the income of bishops and archbishops, regard should not only be had to the expenses incurred in journeys for ordinations, consecrations, &c, in maintaining a house in London—in keeping up a dignified hospitality—in contributing to all objects connected with religion and charity; but to a burden which pressed heavily upon newly-created bishops—the unavoidable expenses of their appointment—expenses which swallowed up a whole year's income in large sees, and more than a year's income in small ones."
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If that were the case, he thought it to be desirable that the bishop on his first creation should not be put to the additional expense of having a house in London, and attending constantly in the House of Lords, and also to the inconvenience of being kept away from his diocese, at a moment when it was desirable that he should form an acquaintance with the clergy and circumstances of his diocese. For this reason it was, that when the proposal was made to the bishops generally that for a time the new bishops should not have a seat in the House of Lords, the Archbishop of Canterbury was able to inform him, that though he had expected that that proposal would meet with a good deal of objection, he found but little urged to it, the bishops taking those circumstances into consideration. With these views while he should assent to the amendment of the second clause, by omitting the words referred to by his right hon. Friend, he was not prepared to change the preamble or to make other changes in the Bill. He repeated, that he thought that the right hon. Baronet (Sir J. Graham) was consequential and consistent in his proposition; but he considered the scheme of the Government to be the better of the two. Under the circumstances he proposed that, on going into Committee, the preamble should be immediately considered, and not postponed, as usual.
MR. TRELAWNYthought there could be no doubt the Government intended to extend the alliance between the State and the Church. The Government had a certain sum of money to dispose of, and the question before them was, what were they to do with it? He considered one of the best modes of appropriating it would be in educating the people, in giving them un-sectarian education. Another would be to employ it in increasing the efficiency of the working clergy. Many members of that useful body existed on miserable stipends. It had been shown that some of them had but the wages of a day labourer, while thousands were spent in building palaces for bishops. He approved of the voluntary principle, and objected to the present mea-sure that it favoured one particular sect; its only effect would be to make jealous and! hostile sectarians, and an idle clergy. He thought the use of bishops had been much exaggerated; what was the rationale of the institution of bishops? It was to enforce good discipline among the clergy, and ensure uniformity of doctrine. How far

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had the episcopacy obtained those results in the Church of England? Doctrine changed from one day to another; were any two members of the Church prepared to write down their doctrinal opinions separately and compare them? Would they be found identical? On the contrary, scarcely two men could be found holding precisely the same opinions on points of faith. In proof of this, he need only advert to the difference of opinion between the Tractarian and Low Church party; could any one say they were partakers of the same form of belief? He much questioned whether bishops had not in some cases done more harm than good to the Church. In the part of the country from which he came, he had known the interference of the bishop do more harm than good, though it was undertaken with the best intentions. The right rev. Prelate was animated by the desire to benefit the Church; but he had certainly done mischief. He could point out instances in which the "taking order," as it was called by the bishop, had set the diocese on fire from end to end, bringing scandal on the Church, and making the Dissenters outrageous against it. The working clergy were a useful body of men; they often acted as the physicians and lawyers of the people as well as ministers, and frequently with incomes amounting to little more than the interest on the money spent on their education. If the bishops were overworked, they might be relieved from their legislative functions in the other House of Parliament. Altogether, he thought it would he better to postpone the measure, that the subject might be thoroughly considered in another Session and another Parliament.
MR. ENTWISLEobjected to the description given by the hon. Member for Tavistock (Mr. Trelawny) of the rationale of the office of bishops; he said they were only placed in the Church to secure discipline and uniformity of opinion. He would not enter on the question that must be involved in any discussion of the constitution and order of bishops. But he must express his surprise that any member of the Church should say he saw no more than this in the episcopacy of this country. He believed the opinion of the hon. Member would be disclaimed by the great body of the Church of England, and thought the statement ought not to pass uncontradicted in that House. The hon. Member, in his liberality, might feel at liberty to show no fa-
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vour to that Church; but, as long as the connexion between Church and State was part of the theory of the constitution, it would become the hon. Member, at least in his legislative capacity, to adopt the theory the State adopted, and recognize the Church as a part of the constitution. If he disapproved of it, he might make a proposition to repeal that part of the constitution; but, as long as it existed, he was bound, as a legislator, to acknowledge it. With regard to the measure itself, and the second clause of it, he adhered to the opinion he had before briefly expressed—that it would be better to exclude the new bishop permanently from a seat in the House of Lords, than to disturb the privilege attached to the old sees, which had always entitled their bishops to sit in Parliament as temporal Peers. If they thought the whole number of bishops in Parliament ought not to be finally increased, it would be better to exclude the new bishops altogether, than to make the Bill not only a measure of enactment but of deprivation. They had no right to introduce the principle of deprivation, or to trench on the privileges of the ancient sees. He should vote for the retention of the second clause, but should wish to exclude all that part of the measure which established the principle of rotation to the vacancies in seats in the House of Lords for the several dioceses.
MR. ROEBUCKsaid, in treating the measure before the House, he should sweep away at once all that class of objections to the Bill in which he did not coincide. He did not agree with those who objected to the exclusion of the new bishops from seats in the House of Lords; he did not object to this proposition, because he thoroughly concurred with the feeling expressed by the noble Lord, that a great part of the public would view with great suspicion the increased influence it would give to the Church Establishment; he thought it would be extremely unwise in any Government to add to that suspicion, by increasing the number of irresponsible legislators in the other House of Parliament. It should be recollected, that bishops did not come to the House of Peers with the same associations as the hereditary nobility. However much the hereditary Peers might be irresponsible, still they were surrounded by asciations which necessarily governed their conduct, and made them obedient to public opinion. He conceived, that the portion of the House of Lords composed of the ecclesiastical body could not have any of

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those peculiar safeguards which surrounded the hereditary aristocracy. The bishops were not usually sent to the House of Lords from anything but very peculiar family connexions; it could not be said they were any assistance to the legislation of the country; he therefore agreed with the noble Lord, there could be no wisdom in increasing the number of the bench of bishops. He did not share the feeling expressed against establishing the principle of the bishops sitting in the House by rotation; it was not a new principle—it had been established many years with regard to the Irish bishops: one year the seats were held by one set of Prelates, another year by another; nor had he ever heard any apprehensions entertained of a disruption of the episcopal bench as likely to be the consequence of that system of rotation. Neither did he believe any danger more than that inherent in the institution itself was likely to arise from the principle proposed that those bishoprics that had hitherto conferred on their holders a seat in the Peers, should no longer necessarily confer that privilege, but that the same number of seats should be distributed among a larger number of bishops. By a sort of fiction, though originally there was some reason for it, the bishops were supposed to sit in the House of Peers by right of certain baronies supposed to be hereditary in their bishoprics; consequently, being supposed to be barons, they were summoned to Parliament in that character. So strong was this principle that the Crown might omit to summon any one bishop, and yet it would have a perfect House of Lords. He now came to his serious objections to the Bill. The noble Lord, by an accident not very common to Administrations of which he was the head, found himself in possession of a surplus revenue; by an arrangement made before by Parliament, a surplus revenue had been extracted out of funds applied to ecclesiastical purposes. They had heard no complaints that the diminished revenue of the present bishops had, in any way, made them less efficient for their spiritual and episcopal purposes. It might excite some ridicule, but he was bound to say, his abstract notion of a bishop did not include the idea of a legislator. His notion of a bishop was derived from the New Testament; he thought a bishop was a spiritual overlooker of certain other portions of the Church. Then came the question of what the overlooker ought to do: though his
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hon. Friend (Mr. Trelawny) had been taken to task for it, he had very accurately described the spiritual purposes for which the office of bishop was instituted. He had named them correctly; the end was to enforce the canonical rules, to impress them upon the clergy, that they might be fitted for clerical and spiritual purposes. [Mr. ENTWISLE: Ordination.] The hon. Gentleman might attach an important idea to the word ordination; but he (Mr. Roebuck) did not want to enter into that kind of discussion; and the hon. Gentleman should recollect when he accused his (Mr. Roebuck's) hon. Friends of deviation from the constitution, he was arguing in the way he did not intend. According to the doctrine held by the hon. Gentleman, in his character as legislator, sitting in Parliament he ignored any preference he might have for a peculiar religion; the moment he crossed the Tweed he contended that the Church of England was the Established Church, totally regardless of his own dogmata; so that, as a legislator, he had an elastic conscience even in that particular. There was in fact no part of our dominion in which the principle laid down by his hon. Friend, and caught at by the noble Lord, did not prevail, or was not acknowledged and acted upon. What in India were the dominant religions but Mahommedan and Hindoo? what in Lower Canada but Roman Catholic? what in Scotland but the Presbyterian? And in England, they had the Episcopal Church established by law. He then returned to the point at issue. The noble Lord, by that accident so marvellous, had a surplus—positively a surplus; and what at this juncture of strange events were they required in reason to do with the surplus? They might talk from this time to November next about the beneficent business of bishops; but to this question, in reality and gravity, did they come at last. There was a surplus from the ecclesiastical property; and they, the people of England, wanted to know how this was to be applied. What was the plain feeling, the palpable opinion, among the people of this country? What, whether they met their countrymen gathered together in a body, in the highways, or in a populous town—no matter where they found the educated and intellectual men—what was that principle which all were heard to echo and describe and accept as the true one? Why, that there should be no political difference arising out of religious feelings. And what was the proposal before the

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House?—what but, in the end, to apply the proceeds of the revenues of this country belonging to the people of England? The Church was the people—it was not the clergy; therefore, he asserted, this property from the ecclesiastical fund belonged to the people, and of right should be applied to the purposes they pointed out. Now, what at this moment did the people most require? Surely not bishops; or, if they must have bishops, surely they could do without the pomp of palaces, costing thousands of pounds; surely this was not absolutely essential to the existence of spiritual overlookers? Were the men whose profession involved the acknowledgment of the humility of their nature—were the successors of the Apostles so especially nice in their associations, so particulary luxurious in their habits, that they could not make the Gospel reverenced, and carry out all possible episcopal purposes, without palaces costing 60,000 l.? Yet this hon. Gentleman opposite meant, or they meant nothing; and this they recommended as the object of a stray surplus, and at a time when their ears rang with the cries of starving millions in Ireland—when there was starvation in England, and starvation, alas! also in Scotland. Why he would say it was a shame, a mockery and a shame, that, in the dire and dreadful condition of their countrymen, they should squander a surplus to grant to the famishing as the only legislative comfort another bishopric. What did the hon. Member for Tavistock say was another resource—educate the people. Did they not recollect the day when the noble Lord incribed on his banners the Appropriation Clause? And did they hear anything then of new bishoprics? Now, however, there was little care for education; the educators now were first thought of; and they were asked to apply the surplus of the English Church to make four useless, well-paid, nay over-paid, luxuriously-housed bishops—this, too, at a day when the people were straining every nerve and directing every energy to escape from that jeopardy into which sudden calamities had plunged them—this, of all times, was the time chosen for erecting four such spectacles of luxury and inutility. The noble Lord might remember a suggestion which he (Mr. Roebuck) had tendered some weeks ago, having reference to the wisdom and propriety of dropping Bills that were sure not to pass—a suggestion, he might remark, which had not been received with any very kindly
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feelings by the noble Lord, but which, as a prophecy, had been fulfilled to the letter. The advice had been ultimately, perforce, accepted, though it could not then be followed with much grace; and what were the Bills which the noble Lord had thought fit to withdraw as the least valuable of the Ministerial list? There was one, admitted by the noble Lord himself and his noble Colleague at the head of the Woods and Forests, peculiarly affecting the welfare of the people—the Health of Towns Bill; that one which he (Mr. Roebuck) had pointed out to the noble Lords as not likely to be passed, which they could not pass, though it was the one they most earnestly attempted to pass. There was another measure affecting Ireland, applying to the incumbrances on Irish estates, described by the right hon. Gentleman the Member for Tamworth—who was afterwards re-echoed by the noble Lord, as the most important of all the important Bills of the Session; and this, too, had gone in the general rout. These were the Bills brought in with great show of care, with many flourishes indicating concern for the condition of the people; frequently, in the course of the Session, represented to the House as of the utmost consequence; and these were the Bills which by some fatality in the crush of public business had been remorselessly cast aside. Amid the direful evils by which the people of Ireland and England had been beset, "these," said the noble Lord, "shall all go; but there is one thing near to my heart—the making one bishop, and the promise to make three more." And so, at this time of day, when their very hours were numbered, the noble Lord kept them there, in that stifling and overheated atmosphere—though it was the coldest he (Mr. Roebuck) had been in for many hours—working and sweating for the purpose of carrying out a Bill for the preposterous purpose of bestowing on the country four additional bishops. They had been charged with wasting time that Session; but with this climax they would not be amenable to the imputation of having done nothing. Was there ever such a selection, was there ever such an insult to any body of men? Why, of all his other measures, had the noble Lord adhered with most fondness to that most likely to call forth the cheers of hon. Gentlemen sitting on the Opposition side of the House? They were now all going to have a great fight with hon. Gentlemen opposite; and every one who now cheered

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on the noble Lord, would take advantage of this very proceeding. The noble Lord was preparing an ordeal for himself when he went to his constituents of London, who, it was to be hoped, would again make him their representative. This would make one point in their catechism. In the very exultation of their hearts, those whom it might be supposed he would win over, would first put the question for the hearing of others—"Did you not propose four new bishops?" And were they not all on that side of the House in the same boat with the noble Lord—were they not all dragged into the danger of this most fatal selection? Then they had a right to raise their voices in complaint; and, indeed, if the noble Lord had exercised his utmost ingenuity with malice aforethought to do them and himself an injury, this, of all others, was the Bill which he would have pitched upon for especial approval and support. On that ground he objected to such a proposal as that now made by the noble Lord. He should have objected to it at any time: he objected to it particularly at this time. He was utterly unable to conceive how the noble Lord, in the midst of our national difficulties, and conscious, also, of the jealousy and suspicion prevailing in every class of the community of any increase in church power, could have brought in a Bill which had, on the face of it, that grand mark which no human being could misunderstand, and based on the principle of setting up one section of the English world, on account of religion, and by religion, above all others. If it had been, as an hon. Gentleman had observed, creating four bishops without reference to one religion or the other—to Methodism, or Mahommedism, or Catholicism, then the folly would be socially harmless. It would not be a preference of one body of men, politically, in other respects, equal, over another; but this was setting up prominently the people of the Church of England, and making them again a mark for every Dissenter of every shade to point at. But, argued the noble Lord, the institution already existed—we are only going to extend it. Why, the noble Lord must know that Maynooth existed before we meddled with it, and so long as it was in the background, in its old form, no outcry was raised against it. The hon. Baronet the Member for the University of Oxford used to get up once a year and make his well-remembered speech—stereotyped, it might be called—for the satisfaction of the hon.
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Member for Montrose, and that was all; the blow fell impotent, like the javelin of the weak old Priam. Then all was quiet, the sin was left especially to the care of the hon. Baronet; but when the right hon. Gentleman the Member for Tamworth proposed to extend the Maynooth grant, the feeling arose from one end of the country to the other that this was an increase of the power of Catholicism—that it was creating distinction between religious sects—that it was granting to the one what was withheld from the other. The whole kingdom was stirred, all classes were excited; the old sentiments of religious intolerance got abroad; and at this moment, they would have to encounter it in whatever corner they were to travel. This was the effect of the advance of the right hon. Baronet; and the noble Lord, unmindful of the consequences, was doing exactly the same thing; and for what purpose? Was there any sort of justification for it? The noble Lord had told them that the population had increased, and that the superintendent functions of the bishop must be proportiond in activity to the Protestant flock. Had the noble Lord ascertained if the Catholics and Dissenters had increased? The noble Lord pointed to Manchester. Manchester of all places! Had the noble Lord taken any pains to ascertain how many Catholics and how many Dissenters there were in the increased population of Manchester. If he had inquired, the noble Lord would have found that in that district the large majority of the increase was composed of Catholics and Dissenters. Therefore, these bodies must not be numbered among the population requiring more bishops. They were informed, however, very complacently, that bishops were necessary to the welfare of the Church. Now, let the condition of the bishops be compared with that of the working clergymen. Was there no danger in the contrast? Let the noble Lord cast his eyes back to the memorable year of 1789, and ask himself what it was that enabled the French populace to put down and conquer the nobles of that country. It was because the working clergymen were ill-treated, underpaid, reduced in condition as gentlemen, yet expected to perform all the duties of highly educated men, and to maintain their position as leaders of the people, upon a miserable stipend—all that was left to them by the aristocratic avarice of the higher and dignified clergy. So in England now, as the hon. Gentleman the Member for Cock-

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ermouth showed, we had some thousand educated gentlemen, acting as clergymen of the Church of England, inculcating, as undoubtedly they did, much of useful learning and sound morality, by example and precept, and labouring in their vocation on the miserable wages of something under 100 l. a year. And at the same time, we lavished, with an extravagance which was criminal, on a dozen high people—truly ornaments of the Church—sums that would be adequate to the pay of hundreds of hardworking subordinates. With the bishops came the palaces. Why, if there was one thing more than another which should call down the indignation of Providence, so often suggested when aid was given to Roman Catholic fellow-subjects, it was this; and it was surprising that those hon. Gentlemen so fond of arming themselves with God's thunder, had not levelled their customary weapons at the proposal. He wanted to know, would the money of the people of England be better employed in making these four bishops, or in educating the people, or in paying the working clergy? How were they to benefit the people by passing this Bill? Then the other question was, would they in this way benefit the Church? Hon. Gentlemen opposite replied in the affirmative; their cheers, of which he had read, and which he heard, were very easy to understand. But they might learn, in spite of the old doctrine, from an enemy, and of course they looked upon him as one. They might depend upon it, there never was so mischievous a thing done to the Church as accepting this proposition. They might depend upon it, that all the enemies of the Church would lay their hands on this blot, and point their finger eternally at this stain upon their escutcheon. No doubt, a different opinion was entertained by those who favoured the Bill. The noble Lord had intended to do no harm; but certainly it must have been the fatal influence which, this Session, had attended his Administration, that had induced him to attempt to give Parliamentary life to such a proposal. With these remarks he would conclude, without calling on the House to divide again. He had freed his mind from the load by which it had been oppressed. It should not be said that he had been a party to the proceeding. He was prepared to be accused as an enemy to the Church; but, incurring that odium, he would be content with saying that he considered he best promoted the true interests of that body called
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the clergy of the Established Church of this country, by enabling them as a class to become working, worthy, and meritorious ministers of religion; able, as they were wishful, to educate the people whom they had in charge, and by freeing them from the anxieties with which, as gentlemen of high feeling, they must be beset, in finding themselves in a condition of helpless poverty, and incapable by position of effectually discharging the duties of the holy office to which they had been called.
MR. BROTHERTONsaid, that, however he might be opposed to the principle of the Bill, he had ever paid high respect to the opinions of the House. After two majorities, against the opponents of the Bill, of which he was in the proportion of six to one, he thought further opposition useless, and recommended that they should go into Committee, in order to urge their objections in detail.
MR. B. ESCOTTcould not agree with the doctrine of the hon. Member who spoke last, that because two divisions had taken place with large majorities in favour of the Bill, the opponents of it should rest content, or that this was any reason why those who represent the people in this House should not divide again. [Mr. DISRAELI and Lord G. BENTINCK: Hear!] Yes, the hon. Member and the noble Lord might cheer; but he would be glad to know if the people they represented, or wished to represent, were favourable to the Bill? They would allow him, humble as he was, to say he thought no great body of the people had expressed any opinion in favour of this Bill. The hon. Member for Shrewsbury had done him the honour of cheering him when he spoke of the representatives of the people. He honoured that hon. Member for his abilities, which had given him a fair claim to stand before any portion of the people to represent them in Parliament; but he wished the hon. Member would ask the farmers of Buckingham, the next meeting of them he attended, to propound either popular opinions or liberal principles, if they were all of one mind, and all determined to have four new bishops. He doubted if the hon. Member would find the agricultural mind unanimous on this point. He wanted to know the hon. Member's reasons for supporting this Bill. He had formerly endeavoured to gain enlightenment from the philosophical lessons with which the hon. Member was wont to enliven the political discussions in that House; and he wanted to know his reasons

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and arguments on this occasion also. The noble Lord the Member for Lynn had not yet stated to the House the arguments on which he thought this great increase to the power of the Church should be advocated. There was a large body of the agricultural community who from the highest to the lowest, had great confidence in his ability and consistent character; and in justice to them the noble Lord should state his reasons for supporting it. After the speech of his hon. and learned Friend who had just sat down, he must be a bold man indeed who thought he could add much to the arguments against the Bill. That speech would not only stamp his hon. and learned Friend as a defender of the rights and liberties of the people, but would show that his hon. and learned Friend ranked amongst the truest defenders of the Church—for surely those were the best friends of the Church who would not vote for its aggrandizement at the expense of the interests of the humbler classes of the community. An hon. Gentleman who had spoken said they had no right to complain of this measure, because it did not propose to take any money from the people. But the question was, not where the money came from, but whether the money they had at their disposal was to be properly applied. He wanted the hon. Member for Shrewsbury to prove that it was for the interests of the people and the Church that the money which had accrued under the Ecclesiastical Commission, and was available for educational purposes and the benefit of the Church, could not be more properly applied than to the creation of four bishoprics. He should not be deterred from doing his duty by any taunts of factious opposition, which was the common language of those who held office, or wished to retain the present holders in office for selfish purposes of their own. Such a Bill as the present might secure their temporary retainment of office, but it would lead as certainly to their final ruin.
The House divided on the question that the Speaker do leave the Chair:—Ayes 63; Noes 18: Majority 45.

List of the AYES.

Acland, T. D.

Buller, C.

Antrobus, E.

Cholmondeley, hon. H.

Bannerman, A.

Christie, W. D.

Baring, rt. hon. W. B.

Clive, Visct.

Bentinck, Lord G.

Colebrooke, Sir T. E.

Borthwick, P.

Cowper, hon. W. F.

Bowles, Adm.

Denison, J. E.

Brown, W.

Dickinson, F. H.

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Disraeli, B.

Newdegate, C. N.

Duckworth, Sir J. T.

Nicholl, rt. hon. J.

Dundas, Adm.

O'Brien, A. S.

Dundas, Sir D.

Parker, J.

Entwisle, W.

Plumptre, J. P.

Ferguson, Sir R. A.

Plumridge, Capt.

Frewen, C. H.

Polhill, F.

Gaskell, J. M.

Repton, G. W. J.

Goulburn, rt. hon. H.

Rich, H.

Graham, rt. hon. Sir J.

Richards, R.

Greene, T.

Russell, Lord J.

Grey, rt. hon. Sir G.

Ryder, hon. G. D.

Hamilton, G. A.

Sandon, Visct.

Hatton, Capt. V.

Somerville, Sir W. M.

Hawes, B.

Stuart, J.

Hobhouse, rt. hon. Sir J.

Thesiger, Sir F.

Hope, A.

Tollemache, J.

Hornby, J.

Tufnell, H.

Jervis, Sir J.

Turner, E.

Labouchere, rt. hon. H.

Vivian, J. E.

Law, hon. C. E.

Wortley, hon. J. S.

Legh, G. C.

Wynn, rt. hn. C. W. W.

Macaulay, rt. hn. T. B.

TELLERS.

Maule, rt. hon. F.

Hill, Lord M.

Mundy, E. M.

Ebrington, Visct.

List of the NOES.

Aglionby, H. A.

Molesworth, Sir W.

Aldam, W.

Philips, M.

Brotherton, J.

Roebuck, J. A.

Clements, Visct.

Thornely, T.

Collett, J.

Trelawny, J. S.

Currie, R.

Wakley, T.

Duke, Sir J.

Williams, W.

Escott, B.

Hastie, A.

TELLERS.

Horsman, E.

Hume, J.

M'Taggart, Sir J.

Osborne, B.

House in Committee. On the Motion that the preamble be read,
MR. J. COLLETTmoved that the Chairman report progress, and ask leave to sit again.
MR. HUMEwas ready to agree to the former part of the Motion, but protested against the Chairman asking leave to sit again.
MR. B. OSBORNEthought the noble Lord was dragging himself and his Friends to ruin. He had no prejudice against factious opposition, which, when directed against bad measures, might be a very good thing. But why divide that the Chairman might ask leave to sit again? God knew he had no wish to sec Mr. Greene sit in that chair again.
MR. J. COLLETTbegged to amend his Motion by leaving out the latter part of it.
MR. B. ESCOTTcould not join in opposing the consideration of this Bill in Committee, after the decision of the House.
MR. ROEBUCKsaid, it was quite clear that if they persevered they would be attempting to make a minority the tyrant over a majority in a deliberative assembly;

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but he thought they were bound to pay respect to the decision of the House. He hoped the hon. Gentleman would not press his Motion to a division.
MR. BROTHERTONcould be no party to a factious course of opposition.
MR. WAKLEYwas prepared to avail himself of the power given by the forms of the House, which had been established because their forefathers saw the necessity of giving this protective power to the minority. These forms were not mere words, they were necessary for the protection of the minority. If in all cases the will of the majority were to be the rule and governing power, the minority in this country would have no power or influence whatever. Then arose the question whether the minority, if it were sincere in opposing the measure, ought to carry the rule of the House to its extremity, and exercise to its utmost limit the power which the forms of the House conferred. In this case it was very clear that several hon. Members considered that they were perfectly justified in exercising those powers which were bestowed on the minority for the maintenance of public privileges by that House. Was this one of those cases? He must say that he thought it was. He took leave, after mature reflection, to express the opinion that this was one of those cases. It must not be inferred that the minority who opposed this Bill were unfriendly to the Established Church: that would be a most unfair inference. He could say that he, for one, had always been friendly to the Church, believing it the most tolerant religious institution in the world. The Church ought to have its just weight and influence in the country; and he had always thought that the presence of the bishops in the House of Lords was injurious to the utility of the Protestant Church of England. He should think it a very great evil to add to the number of spiritual Peers. If they did not persevere in their opposition to this measure, it might be said out of doors that they had an opportunity of preventing the Bill from being enacted, since the forms furnished them with such an opportunity; and yet, having made declarations of opinion, when the actual struggle arrived, they shrunk from it, and showed that they were not sincere. The noble Lord at the head of the Government seemed to have a peculiar mania to commit suicide, and he was at it again. The noble Lord ought to know what he was about, from the manner in which he was
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cheered on the other side of the House. The noble Lord, in his zeal for the Church and episcopacy, did really not understand what he was doing. But on that (the Opposition) side of the House the thing was perfectly well comprehended; and if the noble Lord pursued the course he was now pursuing, the exercise of his (Mr. Wakley's) functions would be very soon again required. He could not forget that the noble Lord was a reformer when a reformer was detested and maligned; he remembered the noble Lord's services, he appreciated them, and the recollection of them would remain with him so long as he had memory; he was sorry, therefore, to see the noble Lord place himself in a false position. The noble Lord would meet with no gratitude in the course of a year or two from those who were now cheering him on his course to ruin. On the contrary, he would see beforehand that there were persons who would smile at his fate, and exult in the conviction that the Whig Minister had once more slain himself. Why should the noble Lord pursue the course he was now taking? Admitting that the noble Lord was most sincere, and was doing it from the best possible motive, let him appeal to Manchester. Did the people of Manchester desire the Bill? The noble Lord was the advocate of popular opinion, and wished that it should exercise its just influence in that House; but did the people of Manchester, for whose good it was declared that the bishop was created, desire that the thing should be done? Had there been a single expression from them of an opinion that either their temporal or spiritual condition would be benefited by the Act which the noble Lord contemplated? He (Mr. Wakley) saw one of the Members for Manchester in his place (Mr. Philips), but he did not see the other; and a reason could be easily conceived why that right hon. Gentleman had not thought proper to be present on this occasion. He was connected with the noble Lord and his Government; he knew the people of Manchester did not desire to have this arrangement carried into effect; but as it would be contrary to usage and etiquette for him to give a vote against the noble Lord, the hon. Member had not thought fit to be in his place. He appealed to the noble Lord to appreciate the position in which the minority were placed on the present occasion, and then to say whether it were just to brand them with conducting a factious opposition without reason and principle, if in

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that position they took advantage of those forms which had been handed down, not merely for reference, but for actual use on great occasions. Could the noble Lord expect the minority to abandon the advantage which those forms conferred upon them, seeing that the people of Manchester were against the Bill, and seeing from statistics which he could produce, that there was no necessity for two bishops to the sees of St. Asaph and Bangor? Would it not be better for the noble Lord, for his Government, for the public at large, for the convenience of the House, and, above all, for the great cause of religion, of which the noble Lord was so sincere an advocate, that he should relinquish this Bill now, and bring it forward in another Session, when the whole subject would have been investigated and fully understood by the public. Then, if public opinion was decidedly pronounced in favour of the measure, no opposition of the kind now complained of would be offered to its progress.
LORD JOHN RUSSELL: The House had decided by a large majority to go into Committee, for the purpose of considering the details of this Bill; and the question now before the Committee was, that the Chairman report progress, and ask leave to sit again. He was surprised that the hon. Member for Finsbury should think that was a Motion which ought to be supported, and that it was his duty, in consequence of the sincerity of this opposition, to join it with a view of defeating the measure. With the astuteness of that hon. Member, it was wonderful he had not made the same reflections which had evidently occurred to the Members for Bath, Salford, and Manchester, and other opponents of the Bill, namely, that if the forms of the House were to be used for the purpose of defeating every Bill which a minority opposed, the consequence must obviously be that all measures to which there was any opposition must be stopped, and that the minority must in every case dictate the course to be taken, or else that these most valuable forms of the House must be altered. He called them most valuable forms, and they were so. If, for example, instead of proposing to proceed with this stage of the Bill now, at about nine o'clock in the evening, after some days of discussion, he had proposed, at one or two o'clock in the morning of yesterday, to go into Committee for the purpose of considering the details of the Bill,
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the proposal would have been so unreasonable that the use of the forms of the House to defeat it would have been perfectly justifiable. Therefore these forms of the House were most valuable to prevent the power of the majority from being unduly used. But because this power existed, was it to be used by every man merely because he opposed a Bill? The Reform Bill had been mentioned. That Bill contained a vast many more clauses than this. It was a measure to which very many Members of the House were most sincerely opposed. Was it to be argued that in a measure of that kind the forms of the House would have been justifiably used in Motions of this kind to prevent it from becoming law? Or take the case of the Corn Laws. The Bill to repeal those laws was certainly most sincerely opposed by very many hon. Members. But if they in their sincerity of opposition had used the forms of the House against the progress of that measure, why, neither the Reform Act nor the Act for repealing the Corn Laws would have found their place among the statutes of this realm; or else the forms of the House must have been altered to enable Parliament to pass them. He thought the hon. Member for Finsbury had not given due consideration to this matter, or he would see this as the obvious consequence of the course he advocated. He, would not now say a word on the details of the Bill. None of them bad been considered. If to any of them there were valid objections, let them be fully considered, and let the House decide by a division upon them. He had yet made no charge of factious opposition against the opponents of this Bill; but if the Committee was to be called upon to divide immediately after it had constituted itself a Committee, for the purpose of refusing to consider the details of a measure, for which object they had resolved themselves into a Committee, why then he confessed he knew of no word more expressive of the nature of such an opposition.
MR. AGLIONBYsaid, that the question appeared to him to be really this, whether the matter was of such importance, and so deeply affecting the people of England, that the people would go with those who were taking this course in opposition to the Bill? He confessed he did not think they would, and, therefore, he hoped his hon. Friend would withdraw his Motion. Let them fairly consider the details of the Bill in Committee; but he frankly avowed his

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belief that the effect of this measure, if passed, would be, first, the ruin of the Government which had introduced it; and, next, the ruin of the Church itself.
MR. ROEBUCKobserved, that the object of these forms of the House was to ensure the fair discussion of a measure. When a fair discussion had been had, the minority ought to give way, and the forms of the House should not be used to prevent legislation.
VISCOUNT CLEMENTScontended that the forms of the House were for a further object than merely to ensure a fair discussion of a measure; and he agreed with the hon. Member for Finsbury in the very able argument he had addressed to the Committee. The forms of the House were not merely to give the opportunity of fair discussion, but also to give the public beyond the walls of the House an opportunity of giving their opinion upon the discussions within them. He was surprised at the attempt to hurry a measure of such great importance through Parliament in the last week of the Session. As it had not been introduced earlier, it ought now to be postponed to the next meeting of Parliament. At the fag end of the Session there could be no fair discussion of a measure of this kind; and, therefore, in that view, the forms of the House might very properly be brought to bear against it. The allusion of the noble Lord to the Reform Bill and the repeal of the Corn Laws was unfair; for no comparison could be instituted between them and the present case. The course the noble Lord was pursuing with respect to this measure could neither tend to the advantage of his Government, nor to raise the dignity of discussion in that House. According to the noble Lord's own showing, the real spiritual want of the people was not bishops, but new churches and working clergy. He differed from every provision of the Bill, and would oppose the whole on every opportunity.
MR. VERNON SMITHagreed with the hon. Member for Finsbury in his estimate of the value and importance of the forms of the House, and also agreed with the hon. Member for Bath in his definition of their object and use. The object of those forms was not to defeat Bills by such means as were now proposed. The hon. Member proposed that the Chairman should report progress, when no progress had been made to report. It was for the very purpose of maintaining the value and dignity of those forms, and because he would not
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have them frittered away in defeating a Bill in an improper manner, that he should vote against the Motion of the hon. Member.
MR. HUMEwas anxious that the Bill should be withdrawn; but as the House had agreed to go into Committee, he should like to see what could be done with the measure, especially as he understood that it was proposed by a right hon. Member to amend the preamble and to strike out some parts of the Bill. For himself, he should vote against it on every occasion, and he did not care upon what grounds; but, at the same time, he would not advise his hon. Friend to take a course from which no practical benefit could be expected.
SIR W. MOLESWORTHwished to have the Bill postponed to see what were the feelings of the people of England on the subject. It was not supposed until Tuesday last that they would have been called upon at that period of the Session to assent to a measure for the erection of four new bishoprics. Some Members might know what were the feelings of their own constituents on the subject; but they did not know what were the feelings of the people of Scotland and Ireland, or of the distant parts of England—such as Cornwall. He, therefore, once more must recommend the withdrawal of this Bill.
MR. JOHN COLLETTsaid, that he was generally willing to listen to the suggestions of those near him; but he could not do so on the present occasion; he, therefore, should divide on his Motion.
MR. WAKLEYfelt called upon once more to request his hon. Friend not to divide the Committee, but to wait, and let them see what alterations might be made in the Bill; for by doing so they might get rid of several of the most objectionable parts of it. If they should not be able to do so, then his hon. Friend might resort to steps to prevent its progress.
MR. J. COLLETTsaid, that his hon. Friend the Member for Finsbury had at last convinced him. As for reporting progress, he candidly confessed he never wished to see the Chairman (Mr. Greene) in the Chair again.
Amendment withdrawn.
The Chairman read the preamble. On his coming to the words—
"For establishing a bishopric of Manchester, and also, so soon as convenient might be, three other additional bishoprics, regard being had to the circumstance that Her Majesty did not contemplate the issue of Her writ to the new bishops to sit and vote as Peers of Parliament, except as

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vacancies should from time to time occur among the bishops of England and Wales now so sitting and voting;"—
SIR J. GRAHAMsaid, that they had now arrived at the words to which he intended to object. He must first advert to the observation of the noble Lord, that the preamble was a mere recital of facts. He was justified by the rules of the House in saying that the preamble was something-more than a mere recital of facts; for in it there were clauses, which were the inducements, as the lawyers termed it, of subsequent enactments. He had already stated, at very great length, last night his objections to this part of the Bill; and some severe comments had been made on what then had fallen from him. His hon. Friend the Member for Malton (Mr. E. Denison) observed with great truth on what he had said as to the evils which would arise from the continuance of the distinction between the Episcopal and Common funds, and that there should be only one fund both for episcopal and parochial purposes; and his hon. Friend noticed that he (Sir James Graham) had long been a member of the Ecclesiastical Commission which had sanctioned the distinction, and that this was the first time he had stated his objections in that House. This was perfectly true; but from the time he had discovered the separation of the two funds, he had strongly objected to the distinction, and there were persons serving with him on the Commission who were fully aware of his objections. He was asked also, entertaining such an opinion as a Minister of the Crown, why this distinction remained up to the present time? It had been continued up to the present time, because the statute under which the bishopric of Manchester was created rested on the contingency of the union of the sees of St. Asaph and Bangor. It was always presumed that the bishop of the see which was not vacant would concur in the wishes of Parliament, and take the two sees. It appeared, however, that the Bishop of Bangor had refused to do so when the bishopric of St. Asaph became vacant. The bishopric of Manchester was only to be created in case of the union of those two sees, and was to be endowed out of the Episcopal fund; and he believed that the surplus Episcopal fund was just sufficient to meet this appropriation already sanctioned by Parliament. He believed, also, there were funds not only sufficient for the endowment of the see, but also for the erec-
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tion of a palace for the see of Manchester. He had always entertained the opinion that when the conditions connected with the see of Manchester were fulfilled, the necessity would arise of abolishing the distinction between the Episcopal and Common fund. The hon. Gentleman had asked him to watch and guard the Episcopal fund; he would do so most cheerfully and anxiously; and he would only ask the hon. Member to assist in protecting the Common fund against the assaults of the lessees. The hon. Member for Cockermouth had alluded to his separation from Earl Grey's Government, which he attributed to a difference with respect to the Church. He must beg to correct the hon. Member on this point. The question which occasioned his separation from that Government was not at all analogous to the point now under discussion. He did not believe the noble Lord or any of his Colleagues would say that he showed any disposition to differ from them as to the diminution of the number of bishops in Ireland. He was sure that his noble Friend, Lord Stanley, who proposed the measure for that purpose, would not say that he saw any disinclination on his part to diminish a superabundent episcopacy in Ireland. Lord Stanley was then a Minister of the Crown as well as himself, and they were responsible for the measure whereby two archbishoprics and eight bishoprics in Ireland were abolished in a single Act of Parliament; therefore, he could safely say, that it was not from any strong attachment to a great number of bishops that he separated from Earl Grey's Government. He, however, adhered to the opinion on which he separated from his then Colleagues on the subject of appropriating ecclesiastical funds. He was still opposed to the appropriation then suggested; and he would never accede to these funds being appropriated to other than ecclesiastical purposes. The hon. Member also supposed, in consequence of what fell from him, that he was desirous of paying his addresses to some Presbyterian constituency. It must be, then, to some Free Church on this side the border; for he could not believe, after what had passed, he could easily obtain plenary absolution on the northern side of the border; therefore, whatever might have been the inducements for him to have taken the course which he did, he was sure anything so unworthy as the motive suggested by the hon. Member could not justly be imputed. In the matter which they were

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now about to take into consideration, two important changes were proposed. The first was the continuance of the two sees of St. Asaph and Bangor disunited; and then it was proposed that there should be four additional bishoprics, including Manchester. The noble Lord at the head of the Government had done him ample justice with respect to the views which he had expressed yesterday on this subject. The noble Lord had been pleased to say that he took a consistent and consequent view of the subject, although he differed from him; but the noble Lord did not find fault with his argument, or with the manner in which he had maintained his views. The noble Lord said that the population of the country had increased. He admitted this to be the case, and also that the spiritual wants of the country had increased. The question then was, which was the best mode of supplying the spiritual wants of the country. It was, whether an additional number of bishops or an increased number of parochial clergy, with more ample endowments, was most conducive to the interests of the Church. He meant by the interests of the Church not merely the clergy, but the large body of the people belonging to it. This was the single proposition to consider, and he should grapple with it according to the view which he took of the matter. He felt that there was no necessity for an increased number of bishops such as was proposed in this Bill; but he was of opinion, that there was a strong necessity for an increased number of the clergy. He might be charged with inconsistency in giving his assent to the creation of the bishopric of Manchester. If he were a responsible adviser of the Crown, he would not assent to the words introduced into the preamble with respect to the declaration of Her Majesty on this subject. He had said last night, that since he had left the service of Her Majesty, this had become a complicated subject. A large majority of the House of Lords had determined that the union of the two sees of St. Asaph and Bangor was inexpedient. But the case had become more complicated from what had since occurred, for they had not only the decision of the other House, but a declaration of Her Majesty that the union of the two sees should not be insisted on, and also that the creation of this diocese of Manchester, not waiting for the contingency he had before alluded to, should be carried into effect. He objected to parti-
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cular words in the preamble, as involving something like an unconstitutional doctrine; and he doubted whether it was wise or prudent to make it appear that Her Majesty had declared her intention to adopt a course at variance with the stipulations of an Act of Parliament. In the 6th and 7th William IV., it was distinctly laid down. that the bishops and chapters of the two newly-created dioceses should be bodies corporate, and that the bishops should have all the same rights and privileges held and enjoyed by all the existing bishops of England and Wales. The question then arose—what were the rights and privileges of the bishops? He did not think that it was necessary to trouble the House with going at length into this part of the subject; but certainly one of them was the right of sitting in Parliament. By the Act which he had just referred to, this right was clearly contemplated as regarded the Bishop of Manchester; and it had been admitted in the case of the Bishop of Ripon, who had a seat in Parliament. In the same way as had been followed in the case of the Bishop of Ripon, it was provided, that when a Bishop of Manchester was created, he should not be deprived of any rights enjoyed by existing bishops. Therefore, with all deference to the noble Lord, and with unfeigned respect for his opinion, he should have doubted the soundness of the constitutional doctrine that the declaration of the intentions of Her Majesty, as stated in the preamble of this Bill, should be set forth in contravention of the stipulations of an Act of Parliament. He would now apply himself to the question of an additional number of bishops. He had said formerly that he could not recommend the creation of the diocese of Manchester without the union of the sees of St. Asaph and Bangor; but in the change of circumstances which had arisen, he was prepared to add one to the number of bishops, and one to the number of Spiritual Peers in the House of Peers. But there was a proposal to have an addition of three other bishops. The noble Lord had not stated whether any report of the Commissioners had been made to Her Majesty on this occasion; but the noble Lord candidly mentioned the three places in which it was intended to found chapters and create sees. [Lord J. RUSSELL observed, that he had merely stated this in answer to a question put to him.] He was aware of that; but he would ask, whether there was a public necessity for augmenting the

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present number of bishops? He had been told that the bishops had too much to do; and he had asked what were their functions? If in doing so he had manifested in his manner the least want of respect for the bishops, he had failed to give expression to the unfeigned feelings he entertained towards them. Great learning, piety, and benevolence were the virtues which pre-eminently adorned them in every diocese in the country; and their efforts to promote the welfare of the Church were attended with the most satisfactory results. He was satisfied that it was by their exertions the proper discipline of the clergy was maintained, and general good conduct promoted. But while he admitted all this of the bishops, he could not admit that the clergy were less effective in their exertions, although in an humbler station. Many of them were in a state little above that of poverty; but their efforts were exerted in the most exemplary manner to train up their children to industrious and honest occupations, and this by the greatest sacrifices on their parts. If there was charity on the part of the bishops, there was also charity on the part of the working clergy. If the bishops out of their funds gave largely and extensively, he knew also that there were in his own neighbourhood clergymen with revenues of 80 l. or 100 l. a year, who contributed to the wants of their poorer neighbours. And be would ask them, would not some enlargement of the narrow means of the one class be more advantageous than an increase of the other, considered with regard to the interests of the Church itself? Even as a means of opposing dissent, would not such an increase be more effectual than any addition that might be made to the number of bishops? He might be wrong. He had the highest respect for the order of bishops; he knew that in their vocations they were useful and exemplary: but still he felt that in the circumstances of the country—with the population rapidly increasing—with dissent making rapid inroads on that population, on account of the want of means of providing parochial clergy, they ought to be most cautious in the application of the funds which existed for such purposes. But again, was it only for three bishops that provision was to be made? He heard—he would not say with surprise, because he foresaw from the first that if they once broke down the barriers that had existed, there would be no limit to the
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change demanded—he heard his noble Friend the Member for Liverpool, even with all that discretion and sound judgment which ordinarily characterized him, and with that honest religious zeal which was so highly to be admired in him, go the length of contending for the establishment of a bishop in each of the fifty-two counties in England and Wales. Where was this to end? The hon. Member for Cockennouth did not argue the case merely as a hypothetical one; but he contemplated his creation of sixty suffragans, while the hon. Baronet the Member for the University of Oxford gravely sought to bring into operation the Statute of Henry VIII. for the creation of suffragan bishops—a statute that he believed had lain dormant since the reign of James I., though King Charles II., under the advice of Clarendon, thought proper at one time to promise its revival. Now he need not warn the House that these propositions, coming from quarters so respectable, showed the danger that was to be apprehended. He thought he heard some one near him whisper, "What is the danger?" The danger was this—that they were to maintain the distinction for an indefinite time between the Episcopal fund and the Capitular fund. The distinction between the two funds was to be kept up until his hon. Friend the Member for the University of Oxford had a suffragan bishop provided for each diocese. An hon. Member near him asked where was the harm in this? He alluded, on the preceding evening, to a part of the evil that such a separation would cause. The exemplary and most respected Prelate at the head of the Church (the Archbishop of Canterbury) brought in a most admirable measure—an enabling statute—whereby the bishops, out of the surplus revenues of their sees, were to be enabled to augment the smaller livings. But while a distinction was maintained between the Episcopal fund and the Common fund, the provisions of that statute would virtually, if not in terms, be suspended. There would he no longer any means for endowing small livings, and the result would be a virtual repeal of the Archbishop of Canterbury's Statute. The operation was this. The bishops were divided into two classes—those whose incomes were more than 4,500 l. a year, and those whoso incomes were under that sum. They were to pay over out of the Episcopal fund to those prelates whose incomes were short of the given amount; while those whose incomes

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exceeded it were compelled annually to contribute to the fund a fixed annuity; and it could not be expected that while the bishops' incomes were thus regulated, they would be able to augment the poorer livings out of the episcopal means. Having so fully stated his views to the House the night before, he was exceedingly unwilling to detain them by any lengthened observations at present. He felt that both the propositions involved in this measure were dangerous. He felt that comparisons between the bishops who had seats and who had not seats in the House of Lords, would be drawn to the disadvantage of the former. This might sound like an objection to the prelates sitting in the House of Lords at all; but for his part he entertained a strong opinion the opposite way. He thought it was highly desirable that the bishops should have seats in Parliament. Considering the great power possessed by the bishops over their clergy—a power which he would add he did not think excessive, for, on the contrary, he would support the Church Discipline Act to a somewhat more stringent extent than at present—considering the extent of this power, he would wish to have them responsible to the public in their places in Parliament. He had very lately seen bishops questioned in the House of Lords for the exercise of their power, and he had seen the salutary effect of that course. He believed the effect was the abandonment by a bishop of a rule respecting curates, which he had established in his diocese, and to which a strong objection had been expressed in Parliament. On these grounds it was his intention to move the omission of the words in the preamble from "A" in the second line of page 2, to the word "voting" in the tenth line. He need not add that it was his intention to vote for the omission of the second clause hereafter.
MR. J. COLLETTsaid, he rose to a point of order. He had before objected to certain words in the preamble, and his objection was overruled on the ground that the preamble was a mere recital. If, however, it was competent for the right hon. Baronet to move the omission of a certain part of that recital, he should claim the right of moving the omission of the words he had before alluded to.
MR. ROEBUCKsaid, he thought the right hon. Baronet laboured under some mistake with regard to his Motion. The words which he proposed to omit were a
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mere recital of the Commission issued by Her Majesty; and he thought the object of the right hon. Baronet would be attained best by moving the omission of the bottom of the page at line 35.
SIR JAMES GRAHAMsaid, he should certainly object to line 35, if the preceding part were retained; but he did not think the words which he proposed to omit, though part of the recital, were important.
MR. ROEBUCKrepeated that he thought the important part was the words, "and whereas it is expedient that the said recommendation he carried into effect."
The CHAIRMANwished to know from the hon. Member for Athlone what were the words which he proposed to omit.
MR. J. C OLLETTsaid, he proposed omitting the words commencing "with special reference to the intention therein graciously declared by Her Majesty, that a measure should be submitted to Parliament," &c.
The question having been put, that the words proposed to be left out stand part of the Bill,
MR. AGLIONBYsaid, he hoped the Amendment would not be pressed. He regarded the words as a mere recital, and he did not see how hon. Members could be expected to deny by their votes that Her Majesty had been pleased to issue a certain Commission, when they knew that such a Commission had issued.
The CHAIRMANsaid, he was bound to put the question if it were pressed upon him.
MR. VERNON SMITHsaid, the proposition was not to ask Members to vote that the Commission did not issue, but that the recital of the fact should form no part of the preamble to the Bill.
LORD JOHN RUSSELLsaid, his right hon. Friend was quite right in saying, that he spoke of the preamble as not at all binding that House or Parliament to adopt the measures mentioned; but, at the same time, he admitted they were words of importance, because they were introductory to the enactments which were intended to follow. The first clause alluded to one part of the preamble, and the second clause to another part of it; and the principle was, therefore, he thought, of considerable importance, as introductory to the enactments. If he understood the hon. Member for Athlone right, his first objection was, to the continuation of the bishoprics of St. Asaph and Bangor as separate bishoprics.
MR. DISRAELIsaid, he did not think it was at all a decorous course to omit an

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important part of the recital of Her Majesty's Commissioners, and retain other parts of the preamble.
MR. HUMEsaid, with all due deference, he thought the preamble was illegal, and that Her Majesty ought not to have been advised to take a course contrary to the provisions of an Act of Parliament. He should, therefore, propose to omit the whole of the recital after the word "whereas."
The SOLICITOR GENERALsaid, it struck him that, even if all allusion to the Royal Commission were omitted in the preamble, the Commission would nevertheless be as much in force as it would be with the allusion to it retained. The preamble first of all recited four Acts of Parliament, every one of which was thought of importance to this measure; and it then recited the Royal Commission under which the Commissioners were to act. The whole of the Commission was not set forth, but only so much of it as was thought of importance to this Bill; and if the right hon. Baronet would take the trouble to look back to the Act of the 6th and 7th of William IV., chapter 77, he would there find that the preamble recited so much of two Royal Commissions as were thought necessary for the enactment following. The precedent of that Statute was, he believed, adopted in preparing the present Bill. What were they to legislate upon but the report of the Commission? They had not got the whole of that report, and therefore the proposers of this Bill adopted the ingenuous and honest course of openly referring to the part of Her Majesty's Commission which they believed to concern the measure which they introduced. He asked hon. Gentlemen what they would have said if the noble Lord, or if the person who prepared this Bill, had introduced into it only so much of the recommendation of the Commissioners as related to the bishopric of Manchester, not allowing them to know that by the Commission there were other views entertained; or that there might hereafter be another report of the Royal Commissioners with respect to those other views? It might be the first charge against the person who introduced the Bill (if it were not stated on the face of the preamble, that there were those other views to be entertained from time to time) that the Commissioners were only sent to inquire into and report upon the single question with respect to the bishopric of Machester.
SIR JAMES GRAHAMwas delighted to have heard the hon. and learned Gentle-
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man the Solicitor General, for whom he had a sincere respect. The hon. and learned Gentleman had displayed that ability which they all knew he possessed, and he rejoiced that he had given them an opportunity of admiring it. He had said that this recital was honest and ingenuous, and he (Sir James Graham) deemed it to be so in the highest sense. It was honest and ingenuous; it was an avowal of a contemplation on the part of the Crown which appeared to him to be somewhat extraordinary on the face of it. By an Act of Parliament in force, it was directed that the Bishops of Ripon and Manchester, whenever they were appointed should enjoy all the rights of the episcopacy, and amongst them was, ex debito justiciœ, the summons to the House of Lords; but from this recital it appeared that it was contemplated on the part of Her Majesty to do that which Parliament had said should not be done. He thought it was bettor to exclude the words than they should be included.
MR. LAWwas really surprised that the right hon. Baronet, with his extreme sagacity, should have been caught by the loose arguments of the hon. Gentleman the Member for Montrose, on the subject of the illegality and want of constitutional proceeding on the part of Her Majesty in taking the advice of Her constitutional advisers, to consider whether an existing Act of Parliament could be improved or repealed. What was it but what was done every day, and upon whose advice could it be more properly done than on the advice of the Ministers of the Crown and the Crown itself? It was absurd to insist that this was either illegal or unconstitutional; on the contrary, it was the act of every man who introduced an Act of Parliament to improve or repeal an existing law.
MR. ROEBUCKmight perhaps be able to relieve the mind of the right hon. Baronet by quoting a principle of law. It was, he found, laid down in the reign of Henry VIII. that the King might hold a Parliament without any spiritual Lords; and this principle was verified in the two first Parliaments of Charles II. So, in fact, it was the prerogative of the Crown to summon the bishops if the Crown pleased.
SIR F. THESIGERthought they were in a difficulty from not having adopted the usual course, namely, to postpone the consideration of the preamble. The question was, whether his right hon. Friend was right in taking the mode he had adopted,

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to remove from the preamble a certain part of it. The Solicitor General told them that those who had framed the Bill thought proper to introduce now into the preamble certain parts of the report of the Commissioners, and of the intention of Her Majesty; therefore, it was quite clear they had not the whole of the intention expressed, or the whole of the recommendations of the Commissioners.
The SOLICITOR GENERALexplained, that he meant to say that there was introduced into the preamble so much of the recital of the Commission and the views of the Royal Commissioners as was necessary. That report was set out, but there was some more to come—another report.
SIR F. THESIGERobserved, it was, at all events clear, that in framing this Bill there had been a certain selection made from the report of the Commission; but the question was not as to what the framers of the Bill thought proper to take, but what they should think proper to introduce. They were not compelled to introduce the whole of the intentions of Her Majesty, or the whole of the recommendations of the Commissioners; the question was whether it was expedient, in framing this Bill, that they should adopt the whole of the recital that was here inserted.
LORD JOHN RUSSELL: What I think is very extraordinary in the right hon. Gentleman's statement, and which was supported by the hon. Gentleman the Member for Montrose, was this—he said that there was something either illegal or unconstitutional in Her Majesty appointing a Commission with the view of submitting measures to Parliament. I certainly never heard before that an Act of Parliament was to be considered as something of so very sacred a kind, that Her Majesty was not to direct her confidential Ministers to repeal or alter it, if necessary. Why, it is a thing that is done at the commencement of every Session.
MR. SIDNEY HERBERTobserved, that the usual practice was to postpone the preamble of the Bill; and why depart from that practice in the present instance? The only way of getting out of their difficulty was to postpone the preamble, and discuss the clauses in the first instances.
MR. T. S. DUNCOMBEremarked, that the objection made by some hon. Gentlemen was, that they had not got the whole of the report; but that was not his objection. His objection was, that the
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House wanted another report, and that was the report of the Committee appointed to inquire into this Ecclesiastical Commission.
LORD JOHN RUSSELLsaid, the proposition of the right hon. Baronet the Member for Dorchester was, that as a great part of the substance of the Bill was confined to the preamble, the preamble should be taken before the clauses; and he considered that course, though unusual, was reasonable. He had, therefore, moved that the preamble should be considered in the first instance, and he still thought that was a reasonable proceeding. He was determined, in spite of what the hon. Member for Finsbury had said, to carry the Bill as it stood. Believing that it would be a measure useful to the country, Her Majesty's Government had brought it forward; and until the House decided by a division that they would not entertain the Bill, he should think it his duty to persevere with it.
The Committee divided on the question, that the words proposed by Mr. J. Collett to be left out, stand part of the Bill:—Ayes 132; Noes 33: Majority 99.

List of the AYES.

Acland, Sir T. D.

Duckworth, Sir J. T. B.

Antrobus, E.

Duncombe, hon. O.

Archdall, Capt. M.

Dundas, Adm.

Baring, H. B.

Dundas, Sir D.

Baring, T.

East, Sir J. B.

Barrington, Visct.

Easthope, Sir J.

Beckett, W.

Ebrington, Visct.

Bennet, P.

Egerton, W. T.

Bentinck, Lord G.

Egerton, Sir P.

Blackburne, J. I.

Entwisle, W.

Bodkin, W. H.

Ferguson, Sir R. A.

Boldero, H. G.

Forester, hon. G. C. W.

Borthwick, P.

Frewen, C. H.

Bowles, Adm.

Fuller, A. E.

Broadley, H.

Gardner, J. D.

Buller, C.

Gaskell, J. M.

Buller, E.

Gore, M.

Buller, Sir J. Y.

Gore, hon. R.

Byng, rt. hon. G. S.

Goring, C.

Carew, W. H. P.

Goulburn, rt. hon. H.

Cavendish, hon. C. C

Graham, rt. hon. Sir J.

Cholmondeley, hon. H.

Grey, rt. hon. Sir G.

Christopher, R. A.

Grosvenor, Lord R.

Clayton, R. R.

Hallyburton, Ld. J.F.G.

Clive, Visct.

Halsey, T. B.

Collett, W. R.

Hamilton, G. A.

Corry, rt. hon. H.

Hatton, Capt. V.

Courtenay, Lord

Hawes, B.

Cowper, hon. W. F.

Henley, J. W.

Craig, W. G.

Herbert, rt. hon. S.

Denison, W. J.

Hildyard, T. B. T.

Denison, J. E.

Hobhouse, rt. hn. Sir J.

Dickinson, F, H.

Hope, A.

Disraeli, B.

Hornby, J.

Dodd, G.

Hotham, Lord

Douglas, J. D. S.

Ingestre, Visct.

497

Inglis, Sir R. H.

Pennant, hon. Col.

Jervis, Sir J.

Philipps, Sir R. B. P.

Jocelyn, Visct.

Plumridge, Capt.

Jones, Capt.

Price, Sir R.

Kirk, P.

Reid, Col.

Labouchere, rt. hon. H.

Repton, G. W. J.

Langston, J. H.

Rich, H.

Lascelles, hon. W. S.

Richards, R.

Law, hon. C. E.

Russell, Lord J.

Lefroy, A.

Russell, J. D. W.

Legh, G. C.

Rutherfurd, A.

Lemon, Sir C.

Seymer, H. K.

Lindsay, Col.

Seymour, Sir H. B.

Lowther, hon. Col.

Sheil, rt. hon. R. L.

Macaulay, rt. hn. T. B.

Somerville, Sir W. M.

Manners, Lord C. S.

Stuart, J.

Maule, rt. hon. F.

Thesiger, Sir F.

Meynell, Capt.

Tollemache, J.

Miles, P. W. S.

Turner, E.

Morpeth, Visct.

Vesey, hon. T.

Morris, D.

Vivian, J. E.

Mundy, E. M.

Vyse, H

Neville, R.

Ward, H. G.

Newdegate, C. N.

Wellesley, Lord C.

Nicholl, rt. hon. J.

Williams', W.

Norreys, Lord

Wilshere, W.

Norreys, Sir D. J.

Wood, rt. hon. Sir C.

O'Brien, A. S.

Wortley, hon. J. S.

Packe, C. W.

Palmerston, Visct.

TELLERS.

Parker, J.

Tufnell, H.

Patten, J. W.

Hill, Lord M.

List of the NOES.

Aglionby, H. A.

Hall, Sir B.

Aldam, W.

Hindley, C.

Berkeley, hon. C.

Horsman, E.

Bouverie, H. E. P.

M'Taggart, Sir J.

Brotherton, J.

Molesworth, Sir W.

Brown, W.

Osborne, R.

Clay, Sir W.

Philips, M.

Clements, Visct.

Pinney, W.

Colebrooke, Sir T. E.

Roebuck, J. A.

Currie, R.

Seymour, Lord

D'Eyncourt, rt. hn. C. T.

Smith, rt. hon. R. V.

Duke, Sir J.

Thornely, T.

Duncan, G.

Wakley, T.

Duncombe, T.

Walker, R.

Ellis, W.

Wall, C. B.

Escott, B.

TELLERS.

Evans, Sir De L.

Hume, J.

Forster, M.

Collett, J.

MR. M. PHILIPSobserved, that already a machinery existed for religious purposes in Manchester, which if properly worked out would entirely supersede the necessity for the establishment of a bishopric in that town. He was decidedly of opinion that any such proceeding would be repugnant to the feelings of the electors of Manchester; and under this conviction he begged leave to move that the words "and for establishing forthwith a bishopric in Manchester" be omitted.
MR. T. S. DUNCOMBEshould certainly move that Mr. Greene do leave the chair, unless some of the Ministers would condescend to answer the declaration made
498
by the hon. Member for Manchester with respect to the feelings of the Manchester people in reference to this Bill. Why enfranchise the town of Manchester unless they meant to listen to what its representative stated when he professed to give expression to the opinions of the people of that place? He was at a loss to understand what could be the object of the Ministers in persevering in this most obnoxious measure, unless, indeed, it was that they had been commanded to go on with it, and that they thought it necessary to carry out the order. Why should the Ministers insist on cramming the Bill in a most offensive and unconstitutional manner down the throat of the House? If it was true that there was a feeling in its favour out of doors, and that there were indeed persons who were roaring and dying for more bishops, why were not the names of those parties given? If the promoters of the Bill were certain that the country was with them, what evil result could follow from postponing the measure until next Session, and thus affording the country an opportunity for pronouncing? The conduct of the Government was most disgraceful in advocating such a measure; and they had acted most unconstitutionally in their mode of introducing it. Again he asked why should this hateful measure be crammed down the throat of the House? The country was against it, and the complaints out of doors that it was dreadful to be obliged to swallow all this episcopal mud were numerous and indignant.
LORD J. RUSSELLhad not thought it necessary again to raise the question of the distinct creation of the bishopric of Manchester, having on previous occasions repeatedly explained the grounds on which the proposition rested. It rested on an Act of Parliament now in force. [Mr. PHILIPS: No, an Act to come forthwith into operation.] The Act of Parliament was actually in force, and the difference between the present Bill and the Act now in force was simply this: that whereas, as the law now stood, the bishopric of Manchester was not to be created until after the death of the Bishop of Bangor, the Bill under consideration contemplated its creation forthwith. If the House determined to create a new bishopric, it ought not to depend upon the death of the Bishop of Bangor. He did not profess to know what the feelings of the people of Manchester on the question might be just now; but he was sure, that when the bishop was created,

499
they would soon arrive at the conclusion that the Bill now under consideration was one which, so far from injuring them, would affect their town beneficially. The hon. Member for Finsbury might think it very amusing to attack him (Lord J. Russell) and other Members of the Government; but he was convinced that he was doing his duty, and he should not be deterred by the taunts of the hon. Member.
MR. HUMEimplored of the Ministers not to persevere with the Bill after the statement that had been made by the hon. Member for Manchester (Mr. Philips) respecting the feeling of the people of that town, with respect to the Bill.
MR. ROEBUCKsaid, that Manchester was in a district which was under the supervision of a bishop. Manchester was composed of a great variety of sects and opinions; and he thought that the appointment of a bishop in Manchester would not tend to decrease any sectarian jealousy which now existed in Manchester. He would, therefore, move that the chairman report progress.
LORD J. RUSSELLsaid, that the subject had been discussed very fully, and he did not see any reason for agreeing to the Motion of the hon. and learned Member for Bath. He should feel it necessary, under those circumstances, to divide against the Motion if the hon. and learned Member pressed it.
The Committee divided on the question that the Chairman do now report progress:—Ayes 18; Noes 129: Majority 111.

List of the AYES.

Aglionby, H. A.

Hume, J.

Brotherton, J.

Molesworth, Sir W.

Currie, R.

Osborne, R.

D'Eyncourt, rt. hn. C. T.

Philips, M.

Duke, Sir J.

Thornely, T.

Duncan, G.

Wakley, T.

Duncombe, T.

Williams, W.

Escott, B.

Hall, Sir B.

TELLERS.

Hindley, C.

Collett, J.

Horsman, E.

Roebuck, J. A.

List of the NOES.

Acland, Sir T. D.

Bentinck, Lord G.

Acland, T. D.

Berkeley, hon. C.

Antrobus, E.

Blackburne, J. I.

Archdall, Capt.

Bodkin, W. H.

Austen, Col.

Boldero, H. G.

Bannerman, A.

Borthwick, P.

Baring, H. B.

Bowles, Adm.

Baring, T.

Broadley, H.

Baring, rt. hon. W. B.

Brown, W.

Beckett, W.

Buller, C.

Bennet, P.

Buller, E.

500

Buller, Sir J. Y.

Labouchere, rt. hon. H.

Byng, rt. hon. G. S.

Langston, J. H.

Carew, W. H. P.

Lascelles, hon. W. S.

Cavendish, hon. C. C.

Law, hon. C. E.

Cholmondeley, hon. H.

Lefroy, A.

Christopher, R. A.

Legh, G. C.

Clayton, R. R.

Lemon, Sir C.

Clive, Visct.

Lindsay, Col.

Collett, W. R.

Lowther, hon. Col.

Cony, rt. hon. H.

Macaulay, rt. hon. T. B.

Courtenay, Lord

Manners, Lord C. S.

Cowper, hon. W. F.

Masterman, J.

Craig, W. G.

Maule, rt. hon. F.

Dickinson, F. H.

Meynell, Capt.

Dodd, G.

Miles, P. W. S.

Douglas, J. D. S.

Milnes, R. M.

Duckworth, Sir J. T. B.

Morpeth, Visct.

Duncombe, hon. O.

Morris, D.

Dundas, Adm.

Mundy, E. M.

Dundas, Sir D.

Neville, R.

East, Sir J. B.

Newdegate, C. N.

Easthope, Sir J.

Nicholl, rt. hon. J.

Ebrington, Visct.

Norreys, Sir D. J.

Egerton, W. T.

O'Brien, A. S.

Egerton, Sir P.

Packe, C. W.

Entwisle, W.

Palmerston, Visct.

Ferguson, Sir R. A.

Parker, J.

Forester, hn. G. C. W.

Patten, J. W.

Frewen, C. H.

Pennant, hon. Col.

Fuller, A. E.

Philipps, Sir R. B. P.

Gardner, J. D.

Pinney, W.

Gaskell, J. M.

Price, Sir R.

Gore, M.

Reid, Col.

Gore, hon. R.

Repton, G. W. J.

Goring, C.

Rich, H.

Goulburn, rt. hon. H.

Richards, R.

Grey, rt. hon. Sir G.

Russell, Lord J.

Grosvenor, Lord R.

Russell, J. D. W.

Hallyburton, Lord J. F.

Rutherfurd, A.

Halsey, T. P.

Seymer, H. K.

Hamilton, G. A.

Sheil, rt. hon. R. L.

Hatton, Capt. V.

Somerville, Sir W. M.

Hawes, B.

Stuart, J.

Henley, J. W.

Thesiger, Sir F.

Herbert, rt. hon. S.

Tollemache, J.

Hildyard, T. B. T.

Vesey, hon. T.

Hobhouse, rt. hn. Sir J.

Vyse, H.

Hodgson, F.

Walker, R.

Hope, A.

Ward, H. G.

Hornby, J.

Wilshere, W.

Hotham, Lord

Wood, rt. hon. Sir C.

Ingestre, Visct.

Wortley, hon. J. S.

Inglis, Sir R. H.

TELLERS.

Jervis, Sir J.

Hill, Lord M.

Jones, Capt.

Tufnell, H.

House resumed. The Chairman reported progress.
On the question that the Committee sit again at Twelve o'clock on the following day,
Mr. HUMEmoved to substitute Monday next.
MR. DUNCOMBEsaid, if public opinion was to be set at nought, he should move at a future day for a Motion to test the principles on which a quasi Liberal Government was conducted. He was not angry, and to prove what he said, he

501
should move the adjournment of the House.
SIR R. PRICEsaid, he hoped the noble Lord would persevere, and would disregard the attacks of the hon. Member for Fins-bury, and those who acted with him.
MR. AGLIONBYthought the noble Lord had no reason to be glad of the aid of the hon. Member who spoke last, and had indulged in recrimination against hon. Members of the House.
LORD J. RUSSELLexpressed himself perfectly ready to go on with the Bill, though quite weary of the discussion, as he thought it his duty to do; and all he asked the House was to consider the Bill fairly in all its details. If he could believe that the opposition to this Bill would be carried on in the ordinary way, he would not insist on the House meeting on Saturday, but hoped they would meet to consider the Bill on Monday.
After some discussion, the Motion and Amendment were withdrawn. Committee to sit on Monday.
House adjourned at a quarter before Two o'clock.

MINUTES.
PUBLIC BILLS.—2a Highway Rates; New Zealand (No. 2); Canal Companies; Destitute Persons (Ireland, No. 3); Militia Pay; Copyright (Colonies); Public Works and Drainage (Ireland); Constabulary Force (Ireland); London Bridge Approaches.
Reported.—Mussel Fisheries (Scotland); Post Office; Navigation (No. 2); Recovery of Public Monies (Ireland).
3a and passed:—Copyhold Commission; Holyhead, Harbour; Compensation for Damages (Ireland); Drainage of Lands (Ireland); Stock in Trade (Exemption); Joint Stock Companies; Polling at Elections (Ireland).
PETITIONS PRESENTED. From Southampton, for Alteration and Amendment of the Bankruptcy and Insolvency
410
Act.—From William Morton, a Prisoner in the Queens Bench, for Alleged Contempt of the Court of Chancery, for Relief.—By Lord Brougham, from Robert Owen, for the Appointment of a Committee to Investigate his Plans for Ameliorating the Social Condition of Mankind.—From Rathbarren, Sligo, for the Adoption of a more Extended System of Colonisation for the Relief of the Present Distress in Ireland.—From Plymouth, and other places, for the Enactment of Sanitary Measures.