Sitting of 10 February 1813

ANSWER OF SIR SAMUEL AUCHMUTY TO THE VOTE OF THANKS.
The Speakeracquainted the House, that he had received from lieut. general sir Samuel Auchmuty the following Letter, in return to the Thanks of the House, on the 10th of January 1812.
"Madras, August 10, 1812.
"Sir; I have had the honour to receive your Letter, conveying the unanimous Thanks of the hon. the House of Commons to me and the gallant army under my command during the late service in Java.
"To deserve the approbation of his sovereign and his country is the highest ambition of a British soldier; to receive it his greatest boast: be assured, Sir, we feel with pride and with gratitude the distinguished honour conferred on us by the Commons of the United Kingdom, and the recollection of so valuable a reward will animate us to increased exertions when again contending for the honour of

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his Majesty's arms and the interests of our country.
"With sincere pleasure I have obeyed the commands of the hon. House, by communicating to major general Wetheral, and the several officers and corps, the gratifying information that their zeal, their gallantry, and discipline, have been pointedly noticed and acknowledged.
"The satisfaction I have derived from "his communication has been greatly in creased by the manner in which you have been leased to convey it, and which demands from me, personally, the most grateful acknowledgments. I have "the honour to be, &c. S. AUCHMUTY,
"Lieutenant General."
"Right hon C. Abbot,
Speaker, &c. &c."

PETITIONS AGAINST THE CLAIMS OF THE ROMAN CATHOLICS—FROM THE DEAN AND CHAPTER OF ROCHESTER—THE ARCHDEACON AND CLERGY OF ROCHESTER—THE GENTRY AND CLERGY, &C. OF ROCHDALE—THE ARCHDEACON AND CLERGY OF BERKS—COUNTY OF FLINT—COLCHESTER—MONTGOMERY—AND TOWN OF FLINT.
A Petition of the dean and chapter of the cathedral church of Rochester, was presented; setting forth,
"That the petitioners, although they concur in approving the measures adopted by preceding parliaments in abrogating certain disqualifying statutes which were stated to be grievous to their Roman Catholic fellow subjects, have nevertheless observed, with feelings of regret, the repeated applications which have subsequently been preferred by them for the removal of all such remaining restrictions as are deemed by the petitioners to be essentially necessary to the preservation of their civil and religious liberties, and which, if acceded to by parliament, without limitation, will, in their opinion, endanger the existence of both; and that Catholic emancipation, which the petitioners understand to mean nothing less in substance and effect than to render such persons as profess Romish tenets admissible to situations of political power, they consider not only to be repugnant to the principles and the system of government established at the Revolution, but peculiarly calculated in its bearings and relations to affect the whole frame of ecclesiastical polity; and further the petitioners, conceiving it to be a truth confirmed by the testimony of long experience, that the re-
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formed religion established in these realms has been, under Providence, a powerful instrument in diffusing the gospel in its genuine purity, they cannot contemplate any measures which may tend, whether in the immediate or remote results, to revive the influence of the Church of Rome otherwise than as pregnant with danger to Protestant interests and that national Church of which they are ministers; and that the petitioners are friends to religious toleration, but being firmly of opinion that their Roman Catholic fellow subjects enjoy that privilege in its utmost extent, they should deem themselves wanting to the duties of their functions, and the sacred trusts committed to their care, if they failed to express, at this awful crisis, the conviction which is deeply impressed on their minds, that unqualified concession to the claims of the Roman Catholics would lead to consequences which would prove detrimental to the present constitution in Church and State; and praying, that the House will be pleased to resist such applications, on the part of the Roman Catholics, as shall have for their object the unlimited repeal of all restrictive laws which are still in force against them, on the maintenance of which, in the judgment of the petitioners, depend the security of the Established Religion, and the general interests of this Protestantnation."
A Petition of the archdeacon and the clergy of the diocese of Rochester, was also presented; setting forth,
"That the petitioners, fearing that many dangerous consequences may ensue to the civil and religious establishment of this country by yielding to the Claims of the Roman Catholics as they are now insisted upon, beg leave to submit to the wisdom of parliament their serious apprehensions on the subject; and they are conscious that, in their endeavours to resist these claims, they are actuated by no other motive than by a sense of duty; and that the petitioners wish for no restriction on their Roman Catholic fellow subjects but what may be deemed absolutely necessary for the maintenance of the Protestant faith, and for the security of the Protestant succession;' and that, while they have been taught to revere the wise and temperate precaution of their ancestors, in introducing such laws as tended to preserve the unrivalled constitution of this country both in Church and State, they

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cannot see that any such change in circumstances has occurred as will justify the total repeal of them; it cannot be denied that the supremacy of the Pope is still zealously maintained by those who oppose the right of the sovereign of this kingdom to interfere in the appointment of episcopal governors; for, reduced as the Papal power may now be, yet the Papal authority is and must continue to be acknowledged, so long as the Roman Catholics themselves are true to their religious principles; but the petitioners conceive that submission in any respect to a foreign jurisdiction is utterly incompatible with the fidelity and obedience that are due to the British government from all its subjects; nor can they persuade themselves that the removal of subsisting restraints will produce in any part of the dominions of this realm that unanimity which the Roman Catholics hold out as the certain effect of a compliance with their demands; the petitioners are rather inclined to fear an increase of dissentions from such a compliance, a revival of obsolete claims and of pretensions, which, though they have not yet been brought forward, may not unreasonably be apprehended; and that, unwilling as the petitioners are to suppose that those obnoxious tenets are still retained which were sanctioned by the Council of Trent, and which are equally subversive of every principle of morality and religion, yet, as this council is still holden in reverence by those who persist in their submission to the Papal See, they know not how to rely upon individual declarations, which are at variance with general ordinances, authoritatively established, and never yet formally disavowed; and that the petitioners therefore presume to express their fear and their conviction that the proposed indulgence to their Roman Catholic fellow subjects will have effects that may be fatally injurious to the civil and religious constitution of this kingdom, may renew and augment controversies irreconcilable to Christian charity, and may corrupt that pure and undefiled religion with which the interests of all their Protestant brethren, as well as the safety of the state, are identified, and which it is the duty of the petitioners to teach, to maintain, and to preserve inviolate; and praying, that the House will be pleased to resist such applications on the part of the Roman Catholics as shall have for their object the repeal of all restrictive laws which are still in force against them."
A Petition of the gentry, clergy, merchants, and principal inhabitants of the town and neighbourhood of Rochdale, Lancaster, was also presented; setting forth,
"That the petitioners contemplate with the utmost solicitude the reiterated efforts of persons professing the Roman Catholic Religion to procure still further indulgences, notwithstanding the ample concessions already granted them; and that the restrictions and disabilities to which the Roman Catholics are subject are, in the humble opinion of the petitioners, indispensably necessary for the maintenance and security of the Protestant religion as by law established; and that the Roman Catholics maintaining the same pernicious doctrines in every respect at this day as their ancestors did at the time when those laws, by the wisdom of our forefathers, were enacted, the petitioners humbly hope that those securities will be continued to them which experience has shown to be, under Providence, the great support of our excellent constitution in Church and State."
A Petition of the, archdeacon of the county of Berks and the clergy of the same archdeaconry, was also presented; setting forth,
"That the petitioners are apprehensive that the Protestant establishment of the united kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland may be endangered by further concessions to our fellow subjects of the Roman Catholic Church; and, in the true spirit of Christian charity, they rejoice at the unlimited toleration they enjoy in the free exercise of their religious worship; but they are alarmed at the idea of admitting them into situations of high trust and power, and of granting them authority to become members of the legislative body of the united kingdom, the character of their Church being, according to their own declarations, unchanged and unchangeable; and they humbly implore, that the barriers which our ancestors, in their caution and wisdom, erected to protect the Protestant establishment, may not be removed, as they have hitherto proved sufficient to support our admired constitution in Church and State; and that, truly anxious as the petitioners are to deliver down to succeeding generations the civil and religious liberties they enjoy, they are still more anxious to protect our holy faith and the pure doctrines of our apostolical Church."
A Petition of the noblemen, gentlemen, clergy, freeholders, and others, inhabitants of the county of Flint, agreed upon at a full and respectable meeting of the county, held at Mould, the 15th of January 1813, and convened by the high sheriff, in pursuance of several requisitions, was also presented; setting forth,
"That it is with concern the petitioners observe their fellow subjects, the Roman Catholics, dissatisfied with the many blessings they enjoy under our mild and tolerant government, and with a degree of perseverance which seems scarcely consistent with a due respect to the repeated decisions of the House, endeavouring to obtain a repeal of the test laws, the last remaining bulwarks of the Protestant constitution; and that these laws were enacted by our ancestors, not from any narrow views of a selfish policy, not from a blind and bigotted zeal for their own religion, but from a conviction, founded on long experience, that power could be safely committed to those only who acknowledge, without reservation, the supremacy of the King, and are members of the established Church; and that, under the wise and salutary restrictions of these laws, our country has enjoyed, with little interruption, the greatest of all national blessings, internal peace and tranquillity for more than a century, and in our own times of extraordinary difficulties and dangers, while almost every other nation of Europe has been reduced by a wily and powerful tyrant, to the most abject state of political slavery, our own has not only baffled his stratagems, repelled his assaults, and preserved its freedom, but has risen to a degree of glory power and prosperity hitherto unexampled; and that the petitioners therefore cannot consider the repeal of these laws, from which the country has derived such substantial benefits, as an act of sound policy, and that it seems to them to be calculated only to gratify the intemperate ambition of men, whose allegiance is confessedly divided, and consequently whose loyalty may be doubtful, but whose hostility to our Church, and the very existence of Protestantism, is unequivocal and indisputable; and that, for these reasons, the petitioners earnestly intreat the House to preserve to themselves and posterity the blessings of the British constitution as it now is, unimpaired and unaltered."
A Petition of the mayor, aldermen,
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assistants, common council, gentlemen, clergy, and other inhabitants of the borough of Colchester, and its vicinity, was also presented; setting forth,
"That the petitioners view with unfeigned satisfaction all their fellow subjects of this united kingdom in unrestricted possession of civil liberty, and in full enjoyment of religious toleration, but, whilst they rejoice that this blessing is so universally diffused, they cannot but feel, and humbly express, their serious apprehension at the extended claims which, as the petitioners understand, are about to be preferred to the House by the members of the Romish Church, who, not satisfied with a perfect liberty of conscience, are seeking to be admitted into all offices of trust and authority, both civil and military, and to the exercise of the legislative functions; that the petitioners, considering the admission of such claims as a measure of great political danger, feel it to be a bounden duty, not only to themselves but to posterity, earnestly to pray the House to maintain inviolate that essential principle of the British constitution, that the legislative and executive authority of this Protestant country shall be administered only by a Protestant government."
A Petition of the high steward, bailiffs, and burgesses, of the borough of Montgomery, was also presented; setting forth,
"That the petitioners most cordially concur in that wise and enlightened policy which holds out complete religious toleration to their Catholic brethren; and that they would rejoice in their participation of all civil privileges, were it compatible with the safety of that mild and liberal constitution which protects every description of Christians in the full exercise of their religious rights; but, upon a reference to history, as well as to recent experience, to the fundamental principles and unalterable practice of the Church of Rome, they are convinced that sincere Catholics are still actuated by the same hostile spirit to Protestantism in general, and to the Church of England, Ireland, and Wales, in particular, which hath uniformly marked their political career; and that the petitioners, therefore, justly apprehending the worst consequences from a demolition of those barriers which their forefathers were compelled to erect for the protection of their civil and

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religious liberties, and conceiving admissibility to office to be a matter of expediency, but not of right, do earnestly beseech the House not to concede such powers to the Catholics as might enable them, by means of foreign or domestic influence, or by any other political possibility, to endanger our present Protestant constitution, and to affect the re-ascendancy of that imperious hierarchy so inimical to the most sacred rights of a free and independent people."
A Petition of the inhabitants and burgesses of the loyal town and borough of Flint, was also presented; setting forth,
"That the petitioners beg leave most gratefully to acknowledge the blessings they now receive under the glorious constitution, in Church and State, by which they are governed, and humbly imploring for a blessed continuance of the same, and with every deference to the better opinion of the House, they beg to state their decided hostility to any concession to the Catholic Claims, which cannot be granted without including the full and unequivocal sense of the sacred oath which our most gracious sovereign took at his coronation."
Ordered to lie upon the table.

PETITION FROM IPSWICH IN FAVOUR OF THE CLAIMS OF THE ROMAN CATHOLICS.
Mr. Whitbreadpresented a Petition of the portmen of the borough of Ipswich, in special assembly convened; setting forth,
"That the petitioners beg leave to approach the House with sentiments very different from those which they understand to have elsewhere prevailed in the body corporate of which they form a constituent and essential member; and that, impressed with the deep and firm conviction that all civil restrictions on account of religious opinions are in themselves evils, and, except when indispensable for the prevention of greater evils, as unwise in point of policy as they are unjust in principle, and repugnant to the comprehensive spirit of Christian charity; fully satisfied too, on the maturest reflection, that, by the gradual change which has insensibly taken place in the temper and feelings of those who profess the Roman Catholic faith, the prostrate condition of the Papal power, the extinction of all adverse pretensions to the crown of these realms in every adherent to that power, and the incorporation of the Irish with the British parliament, all reasonable grounds for
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continuing such restrictions on our Roman Catholic brethren are effectually removed; restrictions which, if suffered to remain in the present condition of things, can have no other effect than to generate that very discontent and disaffection against which, if such dispositions really existed, they would form a most ineffectual guard; and that the petitioners do most humbly, but earnestly, beseech the House to take the claims of this very numerous class of our fellow citizens into their immediate consideration, and, by the the entire abolition of such disqualifications, to begin the great work of uniting all classes of his Majesty's subjects, of whatever religious denomination, in one common and indissoluble bond of interest and sympathy, an object eminently desirable even in the most peaceable and prosperous times, but which in the present awful crisis cannot, the petitioners humbly conceive, be purchased by too large a sacrifice of prejudice and error."
Mr. Whitbreadsaid, that the Petition was signed by six names, courtmen of Ipswich. The whole number of these courtmen was twelve, two of whom were disqualified from taking a part on the subject. Of the remaining ten, six had signed this Petition, which, from the liberality of the sentiments expressed in it, he was proud to present.

PETITIONS RESPECTING THE RENEWAL OF THE EAST INDIA COMPANY'S CHARTER—FROM THE MERCHANTS, &C. OF BRIDLINGTON—THE MAGISTRATES OF PAISLEY—THE SHIP-BUILDERS OF WHITBY—AND THE MERCHANTS, &C. OF BIRMINGHAM.
A Petition of the merchants, ship-owners, and other inhabitants of Bridlington, was presented; setting forth,
"That as it is presumed the approaching expiration of the E. I. Company's charter will soon occupy the attention of the House, the petitioners beg leave respectfully to state their hopes and wishes on that important subject; and that they are fully persuaded that if the trade to the British dominions in India, and to the immense and populous countries included in the charter, were laid open to the skill, industry and capital of private merchants, it would be conducted with a degree of energy and economy which a large public body is incapable of exercising, new channels of commerce would be discovered, the consumption of our manufactures extended, and our shipping increased,

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to the advantage of the parties concerned, and the permanent augmentation of the wealth, power, and resources, of the British empire; and that the extensive and flourishing commerce of the United States of America with India and the Chinese empire, exhibits a proof that these expectations of advantage from the exertions of private individuals are not unfounded; and that the petitioners beg leave respectfully to represent that any partial modifications of the trade would, in their opinion, fall extremely short of those advantages which would accrue from the total abolition of the existing monopoly; and they do therefore humbly and earnestly deprecate any continuation of the company's exclusive privilege to the commerce with China; they conceive that the British character forbids the injurious suspicion that Britons are not equally competent as the Americans or others to properly conduct themselves in their intercourse with the Chinese, or that that intercourse would, in the least degree, be disturbed by a conduct deficient in discretion or propriety, whilst the Americans and other nations have maintained a similar intercourse without interruption: they also think that no greater necessity for a monopoly exists, with a view to secure the duties on tea, than those on sugar, rum, or any other highly taxed article of importation; and they trust that no reason can be found, either in justice or policy, for the exclusion of the out-ports from the benefit of the trade with India; and the petitioners also hope that the House will not impose any restraint on the British merchant, respecting the burthen of any vessel to be employed in the trade, but leave the choice to his own judgment and discretion; and that the commercial distresses which the petitioners have, in common with the rest of the kingdom, experienced from the enormous power and influence of the enemy on the continent of Europe, furnish abundant reasons for applying to the House with earnestness and with confidence for the purpose of opening new channels of intercourse with those distant regions, where the success of his Majesty's arms by sea and by land has established British dominion on a permanent basis, and has secured British commerce against all danger of hostile interference; and praying the House to adopt such measures as to their wisdom shall seem meet, for granting to all his Majesty's subjects, from and after the expiration
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of the E. I. Company's charter, a free trade to and from India and its dependencies, and to and from the empire of China."
A Petition of the magistrates and common council of Paisley, was also presented; setting forth,
"That in the last session of parliament the petitioners presented a Petition and Memorial against any renewal of a commercial monopoly to the E. I. Company, and perceiving that this very important subject will soon experience the consideration of the House, they humbly presume again to state their sentiments concerning it, as they are the more confirmed in opinion, with regard to the expediency and necessity of refusing to the honourable Company any exclusive commercial privileges whatsoever; and that, whilst neutral nations have a free and uninterrupted trade to India and China, it appears to be unreasonable and unnatural that British subjects should be restrained, and it seems impossible to discover any reason, political or commercial, why their rights and privileges should be withheld, or why the advantages that might result therefrom should be sacrificed to a system which has been demonstrated to be as ruinous as it is unnatural; and that the petitioners respectfully contend, that the manufactures of this country will be promoted, its commerce and navigation extended, and the state finances greatly augmented, by affording access to those vast regions for the capital and enterprize of British merchants, and they cannot entertain a doubt, that, under suitable regulations, the import as well as the export trade with the East, may be extended to the ports of the United Kingdom, without influencing the revenue derived from that source of commerce; and the petitioners do therefore humbly and earnestly pray, that the House will not sanction a renewal of this commercial monopoly, but will be pleased to provide that British subjects of every denomination shall enjoy the liberty of trading to India, China, and all the countries of the east, from any port in the United Kingdom, free from any obstructions, controul, or influence whatsoever, on the part of the East India Company."
A Petition of the ship-builders of the port of Whitby, was also presented; setting forth,
"That the petitioners have for some

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time past observed, with great concern, that ships and vessels built within the territories of the E. I. Company, in Asia, have been admitted to registry in Great Britain, and in consequence thereof allowed to participate in the carrying-trade of the country and its colonies; and that, if India-built ships continue to be admitted to British registry, and to participate in the carrying-trade of the empire, the most injurious consequences must result to the maritime interest of the nation, and more especially so when (as is most ardently to be wished) the trade to the East Indies is opened to all his Majesty's subjects; and that the petitioners forbear to press on the attention of the House, by entering into any particular detail of observations on the impolicy of admitting India-built ships to the privileges of British-built ships, not only as affecting the interests of the petitioners, but also the landed, commercial, and manufacturing interests of the country, as well as those of the various classes of persons who are dependent on the building, repairing, and equipment of British-built ships; they however presume it will be admitted, on an impartial consideration of the subject, that to encourage the building and equipment of ships in Asia, for the purpose of being employed in the carrying-trade of this empire, will "be both impolitic and unjust, first, it will be impolitic, as the removal of a manufacture of such importance as the building and equipment of ships from this country to India (a manufacture of more importance than any other) will render precarious the means of maintaining his Majesty's navy, and especially of fitting-out with dispatch his Majesty's fleets on pressing emergencies, and will thereby undermine that great bulwark of our independence and greatness as a nation; and, secondly, it will be unjust, as many of the stores and materials necessary to the building and equipment of ships in this country are charged with considerable duties, and as the mechanics, and other persons employed therein, as well as the petitioners, contribute their proportions of the burthens imposed on the public from the exigencies of the state, to neither of which persons engaged as owners or builders of ships in Asia are subject or liable; and the petitioners respectfully submit to the House, that, from the heavy taxation of the country, there never was a period when it was so necessary to confirm the carrying-trade of this country en-
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tirely to British built ships, from the utter inability of the owners of them to enter into a competition with the owners of East India or other foreign ships upon terms at all like equality; and praying, that, in future, ships built in Asia, and the islands thereto adjacent, may be prohibited by statute from being admitted to registry, and to the privileges of British-built ships."
An humble Address and Petition of the merchants, manufacturers, and other inhabitants of Birmingham, was also presented; setting forth,
"That the petitioners did, in the last spring, humbly petition both Houses of Parliament against any renewal of a commercial monopoly to the E. I. Company; and that, ever since that period, the petitioners have never ceased to enquire into and reflect upon the numerous bearings of this important subject; and the more firm and rooted has become their conviction of the perfect safety, expediency, and necessity of refusing to grant to the E. I. Company, any exclusive commercial privilege whatsoever; and that it is an object of great importance to the petitioners to have the trade of the east thrown open to the out-ports, because they are convinced that the competition from the out-ports is necessary to the full developement of this great commerce, which cannot fail to languish and stagnate, if confined to the port of London; and because they are apprehensive that, if confined to that port, it will also be subjected to some degree of influence or controul on the part of the E. I. Company, which will be certain to retard and obstruct its operations; and that the petitioners cannot perceive any danger or inconvenience whatsoever that can be expected to arise from colonization, or from the allowing the free residence of British subjects in the east; and that they cannot perceive any possible inconvenience which can arise from the opening of the China trade, because it is natural to believe that the Chinese government must entertain a greater degree of jealousy and distrust of the E. I. Company than they can possibly feel towards unconnected individuals; and because it appears to the petitioners that American and Portuguese individuals, without any exclusive companies, are freely permitted to trade with the Chinese, which they have continued to do for a long period, with scarce any of those interruptions and disturbances

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to which the agents of the E. I. Company have so frequently exposed themselves; and that, if any difficulty should be found to arise in the collection of the revenue upon teas, or other ad valorem articles at the out-ports, the petitioners place reliance on the wisdom of his Majesty's government, and on the efficiency of the custom-house establishment, effectually to remedy any difficulties of this nature, and thus will the revenues of the United Kingdom be increased in proportion to the increase of its trade; and that the petitioners do therefore humbly and earnestly pray, that the House will not suffer any renewal of a commercial monopoly to be granted to the E. I. Company, but that they will be pleased to provide that all British subjects shall have the liberty of trading to India, China, and all the countries of the east, from any bonded port of the United Kingdom, or from any other ports in the world, that it may suit their purposes to touch at, free from any obstructions, controul, or influence whatsoever, on the part of the East India Company."
Ordered to lie upon the table.

BREACH OF THE ACT OF UNION WITH IRELAND.
Sir John Newportasked, whether the hon. Secretary for Ireland meant to bring forward to-morrow the measure, of which notice had been given, to prohibit the exportation of Starch from Ireland? the answer to which question would determine, whether he should bring forward some resolutions concerning the Act of Union with Ireland, which he conceived would be violated by that measure.
Mr. Peelhaving answered in the affirmative,
Sir J. Newportsaid, that by an article in the act alluded to, it was enacted, that after the first day of January, 1801, all bounties on, and prohibitions of, any exports from one of the United Kingdoms to the other, should cease and determine. This solemn agreement between the two countries, he contended, should not be departed from on account of any temporary expedients. If it were once departed from, how could the people of Ireland, who only returned one-sixth of the members of that House, be secure against any encroachments? In proposing what he had to propose, he was actuated by no other wish than that of preserving harmony between the two kingdoms; but he felt that the only means of preserving harmony
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would be to mete out equal justice between them. Because it was found convenient to prohibit the manufacture of an article in England, it would follow, according to the principles of the Bill he alluded to, that the exportation of it should be prohibited in Ireland. In the case of the distillery prohibitions, there was a plea set up that there was a dissonance in the different parts of the Act of Union on the subject: in this case, however, no such reason could be adduced. He did not conceive that the hon. Secretary had any deliberate intention of violating the Act of Union, but that the measure proposed was a violation of a main article of it, was evident. The commercial advantages which Ireland possessed, she was entitled to as a right, as she had in return given up her independent legislature. If the Act of Union was constantly to be violated, it would be better to secure the harmony between the two countries, by restoring to Ireland an independent legislature.—To prevent the unhappy consequences which would result from the infractions of the Act in question, he should propose two Resolutions: 1. "That, by the 6th article of the Act of Union of Great Britain and Ireland, it is enacted, that, from the 1st of January, 1801, all prohibitions and bounties on the export of articles the growth, produce, or manufacture of either country to the other, shall cease and determine; and that the said articles shall thenceforth be exported from one country to the other without any duty on such export:—2. That the above exemption from prohibition cannot be altered or infringed upon without a manifest violation of the compact then entered into between the several parliaments of the two parts of the now United Kingdom."
Mr. Peelrose to explain his reasons for giving the notice of the measure in question. In the beginning of the session, when notice had been given of the continuance of the prohibition of the manufacture of starch from articles of food, he had given notice to the manufacturers of starch in Ireland, that a similar measure would be extended to that country. Representations, however, were made by them, that as that article was employed to a considerable extent in the manufacture of linen, the prohibition of the starch manufacture would seriously affect that of the staple commodity of Ireland. This, on reference to the linen manufactures, turned out to be founded in fact, in con-

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sequence of which, and of a memorial with numerous signatures from the north of Ireland, the government was induced to abandon it. It was true, as had been stated by the right hon. baronet, that he had no intention to violate the Act of Union, as the measure which he had to propose was solely for the benefit of the country which possessed the least number of representatives. But would it be quite fair to allow the Irish manufacturer to supply that article to this country, which British manufacturers were prohibited from supplying?—The hon. gentleman then referred to an article of the Act of Union, which he conceived justified the prohibition, by which it was provided, that the enactment above mentioned, should not affect the regulation of the exportation of corn flour, of which latter article starch was exclusively manufactured. He concluded by moving the previous question.
Mr. Ponsonbysaid, that he should have no objection to the previous question being moved, as he thought the subject might be better discussed when the Bill was brought forward. As to the construction which had been put on the article respecting the export of flour, &c. it would not bear examination, for it would be easily perceived to what extent such an explanation might be carried.
The Chancellor of the Exchequersaid, that the measure of which his right hon. friend had given notice, was wholly in favour of Ireland. Great Britain laboured under two prohibitions; for while no starch was permitted to be manufactured, it was impossible to export any; while Ireland was not prohibited from manufacturing, but only from exporting. If this measure were not adopted, the prohibition of the manufacture in Great Britain would be nugatory, as the British merchants might carry on the manufacture in Ireland with British grain, and import the produce into this country. He contended that the clause as to the export of grain, &c. applied to starch, as the House had sanctioned the application of it to spirits.
Sir John Newportreplied. By the explanation which had been given of the article concerning grain, the Act of Union might be rendered entirely null. He appealed to the House, whether this clause had been applied to spirits, as in that discussion an entirely different plea had been set up. Alive as he was to the interests of the linen manufacture, he was persuaded that if one infringement was suf-
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fered on the Act of Union, pleas would never be wanting for any infraction of it. The bond lay before them; it was to the litera scripta of the bond, and to the meaning which had been attributed to it by its proposers, and not the glosses now put on it, that he should appeal. He had no objection to the discussion coming on at a future time, but he had thought it better to oppose the measure in limine, which opposition being recorded, he should not divide the House.—The previous question was then put and carried.

Preamble
The Earl of Derbypresented three Petitions against the renewal of the East India Company's Charter, from the merchants and ship-owners of Liverpool, the trustees of the Liverpool docks, and the corporation of Liverpool.—His lordship also presented a Petition to the same effect from the inhabitants of Manchester and Salford, signed on their behalf by the boroughreeves and constables. The Lord Chancellor observed, that the Petition could not be received as the Petition of the inhabitants, the signatures of the boroughreeves and constables not being a corporate act. The Petition might, however, stand as the Petition of those who had signed it. The earl of Derby would not contest the point with the noble and learned lord, but agreed that the Petition should stand as the Petition of those who signed it. The inhabitants who had unanimously agreed to this Petition, would be enabled, if they thought it expedient, to petition again in another form.—Petitions against the Catholic Claims were presented by the bishop of Bath and Wells, from the archdeacons and clergy of the diocese of Bath and Wells, and by the earl of Uxbridge from the gentry, clergy, and freeholders of the county of Auglesca.